Soil collection device and method for micro-plastic extraction

Abstract

The soil collecting device comprises a vehicle body, a soil inserting piece and a sampling piece, the soil inserting piece is arranged on the vehicle body in a liftable mode, the sampling piece is detachably installed in the soil inserting piece, the sampling piece comprises a sampling pipe, a linkage part, a baffle and a cutting piece, the linkage part is rotationally connected to the sampling pipe, the baffle is arranged at the top end of the linkage part, and the cutting piece is arranged at the top end of the linkage part. When the soil inserting piece is inserted into soil, the soil enters from the bottom end of the soil inserting piece and fills the sampling pipe, and when the filled soil extends out of the sampling pipe and jacks the baffle plate, the linkage part is driven to rotate so as to drive the slice to move to the lower part of the sampling pipe; soil below the sampling pipe is cut off, and the bottom end of at least part of the sampling pipe is covered. According to the application, soil collection is simpler and more convenient, soil samples at different depths can be obtained, and key technical support is provided for research on migration and distribution rules of micro-plastics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of soil collection technology, and in particular to a soil collection device and method for microplastic extraction. Background Technology

[0002] Microplastics refer to plastic fragments or particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. As a new type of pollutant, microplastics are widely present in soil. Microplastics can affect the physical and chemical properties and functions of soil. At the same time, they can be ingested by soil animals (such as earthworms and nematodes) and accumulate in their bodies, thereby affecting their growth and development. In addition, microplastics also affect soil microorganisms, leading to a decline in soil microbial diversity.

[0003] Research on microplastics in soil requires soil collection and extraction of the microplastics. Current techniques typically involve manual, handheld excavation, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inconvenient for collecting soil at different depths. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a soil collection device for microplastic extraction, which not only makes soil collection simpler and more convenient, but also enables the acquisition of soil samples at different depths, providing key technical support for studying the migration and distribution patterns of microplastics.

[0005] This application also proposes a soil collection method for microplastic extraction.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, a soil collection device for microplastic extraction includes a vehicle body, a soil inserter, and a sampling component. The soil inserter is vertically and detachably mounted on the vehicle body, and the sampling component is detachably installed inside the soil inserter. The sampling component includes a sampling tube, a linkage, a baffle, and a slice. The linkage is rotatably connected to the sampling tube. The baffle is located at the top of the linkage and covers at least a portion of the top of the sampling tube. The slice is located at the bottom of the linkage and is situated on one side of the bottom of the sampling tube. When the soil inserter is inserted into the soil, the soil enters from the bottom of the soil inserter and fills the sampling tube. When the filled soil extends out of the sampling tube and lifts the baffle, the linkage is driven to rotate, causing the slice to move to the bottom of the sampling tube to cut off the soil below the sampling tube and cover at least a portion of the bottom of the sampling tube.

[0007] The soil collection device for microplastic extraction according to the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0008] Compared to manual sampling, this application offers a simpler and more convenient method for soil collection. Furthermore, when the soil fills just above the top of the sampling tube, it indicates that the tube is full. At this point, the physical accumulation of soil directly pushes the baffle, transmitting the action to the slice at the bottom via a linkage mechanism. The slice moves below the sampling tube, not only cutting the soil column below the tube to separate it from the underlying soil layer, but also covering at least part of the bottom of the tube, creating a sealing effect. This mechanism achieves the effect of stopping when the tube is full and automatically sealing the bottom. It eliminates the need for external sensors to determine sampling depth, utilizing the soil itself as the trigger medium. The physical feedback is precise, avoiding inconsistent sampling lengths caused by sensor errors or incorrect settings. This provides a crucial technical foundation for accurate and reliable stratified sampling. Moreover, it reduces soil loss during transfer, maximizing the preservation of the original structure and integrity of the collected soil column, facilitating subsequent research on the vertical distribution of microplastics in the soil.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the outer wall of the sampling tube is provided with a mounting portion, the linkage portion is rotatably connected to the mounting portion, the linkage portion is provided with a sliding portion, and the sliding portion is circumferentially connected to the mounting portion along the rotation axis of the linkage portion.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, an elastic element is provided between the linkage and the sampling tube, the elastic element being used to keep the baffle in a state that covers at least part of the top end of the sampling tube.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the soil insert is provided with a vertically extending mounting groove and a receiving groove. The receiving groove is located on one side of the mounting groove and communicates with the mounting groove. The mounting groove is set in an arc shape to install the sampling tube. The width of the mounting groove on the side near the receiving groove is smaller than the outer diameter of the sampling tube. The linkage is located inside the receiving groove.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the bottom end of the soil insert is provided with a feed hole that communicates with the mounting groove. The axis of the feed hole coincides with the axis of the mounting groove. The diameter of the feed hole is equal to the inner diameter of the sampling tube. A stepped surface is formed between the top end of the feed hole and the bottom end of the mounting groove.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the sidewall of the mounting groove is provided with a clearance groove and a limiting groove. The clearance groove extends vertically and its top end passes through the groove. The limiting groove is connected to one side of the bottom end of the clearance groove. The outer peripheral wall of the sampling tube is provided with a locking block. The locking block is adapted to be locked into the limiting groove. The sampling tube in the mounting groove can be rotated to move the locking block into the clearance groove so that the sampling tube can be taken out from the top end of the soil insert.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the soil collection device for microplastic extraction further includes a mounting component and a mechanical gripper. The mounting component is disposed on the vehicle body and has a support plate and a clamping plate. The clamping plate is located above the support plate and can rotate about a vertical axis. The outer peripheral wall of the clamping plate has a plurality of clamping grooves arranged circumferentially along the clamping plate. The clamping grooves are for the sampling tube to be inserted. The support plate is for the bottom end of the sampling tube to abut against. The mechanical gripper is disposed on the vehicle body and is used to transport the sampling component between the soil insertion component and the mounting component.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, the mounting member is provided with a feeding plate located between the clamping plate and the support plate. The outer peripheral wall of the feeding plate is formed with a pushing section. The pushing section has a first end and a second end. The distance between the pushing section and the axis of the clamping plate gradually increases from the first end to the second end, so that when the clamping plate moves the sampling member along the pushing section from the first end to the second end, the pushing section can push the bottom end of the sampling tube to move outward to slide off the edge of the support plate.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, a sliding plate is provided on the side of the support plate near the second end, the sliding plate extends downward at an angle away from the support plate, and the vehicle body is provided with a receiving box, the receiving box being connected to the lower end of the sliding plate.

[0017] According to the soil collection method for microplastic extraction according to the second aspect of this application, based on the soil collection device for microplastic extraction described in the first aspect of the present application, the method includes the following steps: Move the vehicle to the soil sampling location; The sampling component is installed inside the soil insert; The soil inserter is lowered so that it is inserted into the soil, and the soil enters from the bottom of the soil inserter and fills the sampling tube. When the filling soil extends out of the sampling tube and lifts the baffle, the linkage is driven to rotate and move the slice to the bottom of the sampling tube to cut the soil below the sampling tube and cover at least part of the bottom of the sampling tube. The sampling component is then removed from the soil insert.

[0018] The battery wastewater recycling and treatment method according to the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: The soil collection device for microplastic extraction according to the first aspect of this application not only makes soil collection simpler and more convenient, but also enables the acquisition of soil samples at different depths, providing key technical support for studying the migration and distribution patterns of microplastics.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and some of these additional aspects and advantages will become apparent from the description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a soil collection device for microplastic extraction; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vehicle body; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the soil insert; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure when the top of the sampling tube is covered by a baffle; Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the structure when the slice covers the bottom of the sampling tube; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the sampled parts; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the soil insert; Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting component; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding tray.

[0021] Icon labels: Body 100; Soil insert 200; mounting groove 201; receiving groove 202; feed hole 203; stepped surface 204; clearance groove 205; limiting groove 206; Sampling component 300; Sampling tube 301; Linkage part 302; Baffle 303; Slice 304; Mounting part 305; Elastic component 306; Locking block 307; Slide groove 308; Mounting component 400; support plate 401; clamping plate 402; clamping groove 403; feeding plate 404; pushing section 405; first end 406; second end 407; sliding plate 408; motor 409; 500 mechanical gripper; Material receiving box 600; Lifting mechanism 700. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0024] In the description of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more. The use of "first" and "second" is for the purpose of distinguishing technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, or the order in which the technical features are indicated.

[0025] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0026] The following is for reference. Figures 1 to 9 This application describes a soil collection apparatus and method for microplastic extraction according to embodiments of the present application.

[0027] refer to Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the soil collection device for microplastic extraction according to the first aspect of this application includes a vehicle body 100, a soil insert 200, and a sampling component 300.

[0028] The vehicle body 100 may be equipped with wheels for easy movement to the soil collection location on the ground. The soil insertion component 200 is vertically mounted on the vehicle body 100; for example, the vehicle body 100 may have a vertically extending guide rail or guide rod, on which the soil insertion component 200 can slide up and down. The soil collection device for microplastic extraction may also include a lifting mechanism 700, located on the vehicle body 100 and connected to the soil insertion component 200, to drive the soil insertion component 200 to rise and fall. The lifting mechanism 700 may be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod, etc. The bottom end of the soil insertion component 200 may have a feed hole 203 to facilitate soil entering the sampling tube 301 through the feed hole 203.

[0029] Multiple sampling components 300 can be prepared. During sampling, one of the sampling components 300 is detachably installed inside the soil insert 200. The sampling component 300 includes a sampling tube 301, a linkage part 302, a baffle 303, and a slice 304. The linkage part 302 is rotatably connected to the sampling tube 301. For example, it can be rotatably connected to the outside of the sampling tube 301 around a horizontal axis. The baffle 303 is located at the top of the linkage part 302 and covers at least part of the top of the sampling tube 301. For example, the sampling tube 301 has a sampling hole, and the baffle 303 can cover at least part of the top of the sampling hole or completely cover the top of the sampling hole. The slice 304 is located at the bottom of the linkage part 302 and is located on one side of the bottom of the sampling tube 301.

[0030] When the soil inserter 200 is inserted into the soil, the soil enters from the bottom end of the soil inserter 200 and fills the sampling tube 301. When the filling soil fills the sampling tube 301 and extends out of the sampling tube 301, it can lift and push the baffle 303. The baffle 303 then drives the linkage part 302 to rotate and move the slice 304 to the bottom of the sampling tube 301. The slice 304 cuts the soil below the sampling tube 301 and covers at least part of the bottom end of the sampling tube 301. For example, the slice 304 can completely cover the bottom end of the sampling hole or cover part of the bottom end of the sampling hole.

[0031] Compared to manual collection, this application can use the vehicle-mounted power system to drive the soil insert 200 to rise and fall, allowing the operator to send the sampling component 300 into the deep soil without laborious digging. This easily overcomes the depth limitations of manual digging, enabling efficient acquisition of soil samples from deeper areas below the surface. Soil collection is simpler and more convenient, greatly reducing labor intensity and improving sampling efficiency.

[0032] Furthermore, when the soil fills to just above the top of the sampling tube 301, it indicates that the sampling tube 301 is full. At this point, the physical accumulation of the soil directly lifts and pushes the baffle 303, which transmits the action to the slice 304 at the bottom through the linkage 302. The slice 304 moves below the sampling tube 301, not only cutting the soil column below the sampling tube 301 to separate it from the lower soil layer, but also covering at least part of the bottom of the sampling tube 301, forming a certain sealing effect. This mechanism achieves the effect of stopping when the tube is full and automatically sealing the bottom. It does not rely on external sensors to determine the sampling depth, but uses the soil itself as the trigger medium. The physical feedback is accurate, avoiding inconsistent sampling depths caused by sensor errors or setting errors. This provides a key technical foundation for accurate and reliable stratified sampling. Moreover, it can reduce soil falling during soil transfer, and maintain the original structure and integrity of the soil column to the greatest extent, which is convenient for subsequent research on the vertical distribution law of microplastics in the soil.

[0033] Furthermore, the sampling component 300 can be detached from the soil insert 200 as a whole. After soil collection, the sampling component 300 can be directly transported back to the laboratory as a primary sample container. Disassembly and sample transfer in a clean experimental environment greatly reduces the risk of sample exposure and microplastic contamination in the field, meeting the quality control requirements for environmental sample collection.

[0034] It should be noted that when the soil has just filled the sampling tube 301 and partially extended out of the sampling tube 301, the soil's pushing force is not sufficient, and the slice 304 has difficulty cutting into the soil below the sampling tube 301. The baffle 303 will not swing upwards, and the linkage 302 will not rotate. When the soil continues to enter the sampling tube 301, and the soil's pushing force exceeds the threshold, it will lift and push the baffle 303 to swing upwards quickly. The linkage 302 will rotate and drive the slice 304 to quickly cut into the soil below the sampling tube 301, so that the soil column in the sampling tube 301 is separated from the stratum below.

[0035] refer to Figures 3 to 6 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the outer wall of the sampling tube 301 is provided with a mounting portion 305, and a linkage portion 302 is rotatably connected to the mounting portion 305. The linkage portion 302 is provided with a sliding portion, which is slidably connected to the mounting portion 305 along the circumferential direction of the rotation axis of the linkage portion 302. For example, the mounting portion 305 may be provided with an arc-shaped groove 308 or a guide rail, the axis of which coincides with the rotation axis of the linkage portion 302, and the sliding portion is slidably mounted on the groove 308 or the guide rail.

[0036] In this embodiment, this configuration makes the rotation of the linkage 302 more precise and reduces the occurrence of shaking.

[0037] refer to Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, an elastic member 306 is provided between the linkage 302 and the sampling tube 301. The elastic member 306 is used to keep the baffle 303 in a state that covers at least part of the top end of the sampling tube 301. For example, the elastic member 306 may be a spring or a torsion spring.

[0038] In this embodiment, the introduction of the elastic element 306 provides an automatic reset function for the linkage 302. When not sampling, the elastic element 306 keeps the baffle 303 in its initial position covering the sampling tube 301, while the slice 304 is retracted to one side of the bottom of the sampling tube 301. This prevents debris from falling into the empty sampling tube 301 and causing contamination, and also provides a definite initial state for the next sampling, ensuring the consistency of the triggering action. When sampling is completed and the soil sample is removed, the linkage 302 can automatically reset under the action of the elastic element 306, facilitating the rapid reuse of the sampling element 300 and improving the cyclic operation efficiency of the device.

[0039] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the soil insert 200 is provided with a vertically extending mounting groove 201 and a receiving groove 202. The receiving groove 202 is located on one side of the mounting groove 201 and communicates with the mounting groove 201. The mounting groove 201 is arc-shaped to accommodate the installation of the sampling tube 301. The width of the side of the mounting groove 201 near the receiving groove 202 is smaller than the outer diameter of the sampling tube 301. The linkage part 302 is located inside the receiving groove 202. For example, the mounting groove 201 being arc-shaped means that the vertical cross-section of the mounting groove 201 is arc-shaped, the inner diameter of the mounting groove 201 is close to the outer diameter of the sampling tube 301, the sampling tube 301 is adapted to be installed in the mounting groove 201, and one side of the sampling tube 301 extends into the receiving groove 202.

[0040] In this embodiment, the receiving groove 202 is located on one side of the mounting groove 201 and connects to the mounting groove 201. The arc-shaped mounting groove 201 fits against the outer wall of the sampling tube 301, providing stable radial support and preventing the sampling tube 301 from shaking during sampling. The width of the mounting groove 201 on the side near the receiving groove 202 is smaller than the outer diameter of the sampling tube 301, essentially forming a bayonet, making it difficult for the sampling tube 301 to come out laterally after being inserted into the mounting groove 201 from above, ensuring the stability of the installation. The independent receiving groove 202 provides ample space for the linkage 302, the baffle 303, and the slice 304, ensuring that they can move freely before and after triggering without interference, while preventing soil from entering the space and affecting the movement of the mechanism.

[0041] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the bottom end of the soil insert 200 is provided with a feed hole 203 that connects to the mounting groove 201. The axis of the feed hole 203 coincides with the axis of the mounting groove 201. The diameter of the feed hole 203 is equal to the inner diameter of the sampling tube 301. A stepped surface 204 is formed between the top end of the feed hole 203 and the bottom end of the mounting groove 201. The stepped surface 204 abuts against the bottom end of the tube wall of the sampling tube 301.

[0042] In this embodiment, a feed hole 203 is provided, the top of which connects to the mounting groove 201, and the axis of the feed hole 203 coincides with the axis of the mounting groove 201. The diameter of the feed hole 203 is equal to the inner diameter of the sampling tube 301, ensuring precise alignment and seamless connection between the feed hole 203 and the sampling tube 301, making it easier for soil to enter the sampling tube 301 from the bottom of the insert 200. A stepped surface 204 is formed between the top of the feed hole 203 and the bottom of the mounting groove 201. The stepped surface 204 abuts against the bottom of the tube wall of the sampling tube 301, effectively preventing the sampling tube 301 from sliding out from the bottom of the insert 200. The stepped surface 204 seals the bottom of the sampling tube 301, reducing soil from squeezing into the gap between the sampling tube 301 and the insert 200.

[0043] refer to Figures 3 to 7 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the sidewall of the mounting groove 201 is provided with a clearance groove 205 and a limiting groove 206. The clearance groove 205 extends vertically and its top end penetrates through the groove. The limiting groove 206 is connected to one side of the bottom end of the clearance groove 205. The outer peripheral wall of the sampling tube 301 is provided with a locking block 307, which is adapted to be locked into the limiting groove 206. The sampling tube 301 in the mounting groove 201 can be rotated so that the locking block 307 moves into the clearance groove 205, so that the sampling tube 301 can be removed from the top end of the soil insert 200. For example, multiple clearance grooves 205 can be provided, and the multiple clearance grooves 205 are arranged circumferentially along the mounting groove 201. Multiple limiting grooves 206 can be provided correspondingly, and the multiple limiting grooves 206 are arranged circumferentially along the mounting groove 201.

[0044] This embodiment provides a clever and rapid loading, unloading, and locking mechanism for the sampling component 300, achieving reliable connection and rapid release between the sampling component 300 and the soil insertion component 200. During installation, the locking block 307 of the sampling tube 301 is aligned with the clearance groove 205 and inserted downwards. Then, the sampling tube 301 is rotated, causing the locking block 307 to slide into the limiting groove 206. Since the limiting groove 206 does not extend vertically through the tube, the sampling tube 301 is axially locked, preventing it from sliding upwards due to soil forces during sampling, allowing the soil to enter the sampling tube 301 more smoothly. After sampling, the sampling tube 301 is rotated in the opposite direction, aligning the locking block 307 with the clearance groove 205, allowing the entire sampling component 300 to be lifted vertically upwards. This design eliminates the complex bolt fixing steps, enabling rapid sample replacement and significantly improving the efficiency of continuous field sampling.

[0045] It should be noted that the sampling component 300 can also be detachably installed in the soil insert 200 in other ways, such as by fasteners.

[0046] refer to Figures 1 to 3As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the outer diameter of the soil insert 200 gradually decreases from top to bottom. This makes it easier for the soil insert 200 to be inserted into the soil.

[0047] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the soil collection device for microplastic extraction further includes a mounting component 400 and a mechanical gripper 500. The mounting component 400 is located on the vehicle body 100 and has a support plate 401 and a clamping plate 402. The clamping plate 402 is located above the support plate 401 and can rotate around a vertical axis. The outer peripheral wall of the clamping plate 402 has a plurality of clamping grooves 403 arranged circumferentially along the clamping plate 402. The clamping grooves 403 are for the sampling tube 301 to be inserted into. The support plate 401 is for the bottom end of the sampling tube 301 to abut against. The mechanical gripper 500 is located on the vehicle body 100 and is used to transport the sampling component 300 between the soil inserter 200 and the mounting component 400. For example, the end effector of the mechanical gripper 500 is designed to grasp the sampling tube 301. The mechanical gripper 500 can be a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm. In addition, the mechanical gripper 500 can also be driven by a drive mechanism to move in the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the mechanical gripper 500 can move to different positions. The chuck 402 can be rotated by a motor 409 or a motor.

[0048] This embodiment introduces an automated sample transfer system, upgrading the device from a single-sampling operation to a continuous automated work platform. The mounting component 400 acts as a transfer station, its rotating clamp 402 capable of holding multiple empty or full sampling components 300. The mechanical gripper 500 allows for the automatic removal of a fully loaded sampling component 300 from the soil insert 200 after one sampling operation and its elevation to the ground. The sample is then placed into an empty clamp 403 in the mounting component 400, and an empty sampling component 300 is then grabbed from another station and loaded into the soil insert 200 for the next sampling. This achieves a fully automated cycle, eliminating the need for manual handling of the heavy sampling components 300, significantly improving the overall efficiency and automation of continuous sampling.

[0049] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the mounting member 400 is provided with a feeding plate 404 located between the clamping plate 402 and the support plate 401. The outer peripheral wall of the feeding plate 404 is formed with a pushing section 405. The pushing section 405 has a first end 406 and a second end 407. The distance between the pushing section 405 and the axis of the clamping plate 402 gradually increases from the first end 406 to the second end 407, so that when the clamping plate 402 drives the sampling member 300 to move along the pushing section 405 from the first end 406 to the second end 407, the pushing section 405 can push the bottom end of the sampling tube 301 to move outward until it slides off the edge of the support plate 401.

[0050] This embodiment further realizes the automatic unloading function of collected samples. The feeding tray 404 and the pushing section 405 on it constitute an ingenious pushing mechanism. When the clamping tray 402 rotates, it drives a sampling device 300 that has completed sampling and needs to unload soil samples to move. The sampling tube 301 will slide along the curved surface of the pushing section 405. Since the radius of the pushing section 405 gradually increases from the first end 406 to the second end 407, when the sampling tube 301 moves to the second end 407, it will push the bottom end of the sampling tube 301 away from the edge of the support tray 401, so that the entire sampling device 300 will automatically slide off the mounting device 400 by gravity due to the loss of the support tray 401. This creates conditions for subsequent automatic collection or transfer.

[0051] refer to Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, a slide plate 408 is provided on the side of the support plate 401 near the second end 407. The slide plate 408 extends downward at an angle away from the support plate 401. The vehicle body 100 is provided with a receiving box 600, which is connected to the lower end of the slide plate 408.

[0052] This embodiment improves the automated sample collection process. The slide plate 408 acts as a guide channel, receiving the sampling component 300 that automatically slides off the mounting component 400 and guiding it smoothly and orderly into the receiving box 600 using its tilt angle. This design achieves a fully automated closed loop from sampling and transfer to collection. Staff only need to periodically replace the receiving box 600 or process the samples inside, further reducing manual labor intensity and making sample management more standardized and orderly, reducing the risk of contamination and confusion during transfer.

[0053] According to the soil collection method for microplastic extraction according to the second aspect of this application, and based on the soil collection device for microplastic extraction according to the first aspect of the above-described embodiment, the method includes the following steps: Move vehicle 100 to the soil sampling location; Install the sampling component 300 into the soil inserter 200; Lower the soil inserter 200 so that it is inserted into the soil, and the soil enters from the bottom of the soil inserter 200 and fills the sampling tube 301. When the filling soil extends out of the sampling tube 301 and lifts the baffle 303, the drive linkage 302 rotates and drives the slice 304 to move below the sampling tube 301 to cut the soil below the sampling tube 301 and cover at least part of the bottom of the sampling tube 301. Then the sample 300 is removed from the soil insert 200.

[0054] According to the method of this application embodiment, by employing the soil sampling device for microplastic extraction according to the first aspect of this application, the method systematically utilizes the aforementioned device, forming a standardized and efficient soil sampling process with clear steps, high repeatability, and reduced errors caused by human operational differences. Utilizing the soil's own filling as a trigger ensures a constant soil column length for each sampling, which is the basis for achieving accurate stratified sampling. Automatic cutting and sealing effectively protect the original structure and integrity of the soil column. Mechanized operation significantly improves sampling speed and reduces the labor intensity of deep sampling.

[0055] It should be noted that since the method can adopt all the technical solutions of the soil collection device for microplastic extraction of the first aspect embodiment described above, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the first aspect embodiment described above. These additional beneficial effects will not be repeated here.

[0056] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application.

Claims

1. A soil collection device for microplastic extraction, characterized in that, include: Body; The soil-inserting component is vertically and retractably mounted on the vehicle body; The sampling component is detachably installed inside the soil inserter. The sampling component includes a sampling tube, a linkage, a baffle, and a slice. The linkage is rotatably connected to the sampling tube. The baffle is located at the top of the linkage and covers at least part of the top of the sampling tube. The slice is located at the bottom of the linkage and is situated on one side of the bottom of the sampling tube. When the soil inserter is inserted into the soil, the soil enters from the bottom end of the soil inserter and fills the sampling tube. When the filled soil extends out of the sampling tube and lifts the baffle, the linkage is driven to rotate, which moves the slice to the bottom of the sampling tube to cut off the soil below the sampling tube and cover at least part of the bottom end of the sampling tube.

2. The soil collection device for microplastic extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the sampling tube is provided with a mounting part, the linkage part is rotatably connected to the mounting part, the linkage part is provided with a sliding part, and the sliding part is circumferentially connected to the mounting part along the rotation axis of the linkage part.

3. The soil collection device for microplastic extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that, An elastic element is provided between the linkage and the sampling tube, and the elastic element is used to keep the baffle in a state that covers at least part of the top end of the sampling tube.

4. The soil collection device for microplastic extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil insert has a vertically extending mounting groove and a receiving groove. The receiving groove is located on one side of the mounting groove and communicates with the mounting groove. The mounting groove is arc-shaped to install the sampling tube. The width of the mounting groove on the side near the receiving groove is smaller than the outer diameter of the sampling tube. The linkage is located inside the receiving groove.

5. The soil collection device for microplastic extraction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom end of the soil insert is provided with a feed hole that connects to the mounting groove. The axis of the feed hole coincides with the axis of the mounting groove. The diameter of the feed hole is equal to the inner diameter of the sampling tube. A stepped surface is formed between the top end of the feed hole and the bottom end of the mounting groove.

6. The soil collection device for microplastic extraction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side wall of the mounting groove is provided with a clearance groove and a limiting groove. The clearance groove extends vertically and its top end is through. The limiting groove is connected to one side of the bottom end of the clearance groove. The outer peripheral wall of the sampling tube is provided with a locking block. The locking block is adapted to be locked into the limiting groove. The sampling tube in the mounting groove can be rotated to move the locking block into the clearance groove so that the sampling tube can be taken out from the top end of the soil insert.

7. The soil collection device for microplastic extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The mounting component is provided on the vehicle body. The mounting component is provided with a support plate and a clamping plate. The clamping plate is located above the support plate and can rotate around a vertical axis. The outer peripheral wall of the clamping plate is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves arranged along the circumference of the clamping plate. The clamping grooves are for the sampling tube to be inserted into. The support plate is for the bottom end of the sampling tube to abut against. A mechanical gripper, located on the vehicle body, is used to move the sampling component between the soil insert and the mounting component.

8. The soil collection device for microplastic extraction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mounting component is provided with a feeding plate located between the clamping plate and the support plate. The outer peripheral wall of the feeding plate is formed with a pushing section. The pushing section has a first end and a second end. The distance between the pushing section and the axis of the clamping plate gradually increases from the first end to the second end, so that when the clamping plate moves the sampling component along the pushing section from the first end to the second end, the pushing section can push the bottom end of the sampling tube to move outward and slide off the edge of the support plate.

9. The soil collection device for microplastic extraction according to claim 8, characterized in that, A sliding plate is provided on the side of the support plate near the second end. The sliding plate extends downward at an angle away from the support plate. The vehicle body is provided with a receiving box, which is connected to the lower end of the sliding plate.

10. A method for collecting soil for microplastic extraction, based on the soil collection device for microplastic extraction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: Move the vehicle to the soil sampling location; The sampling component is installed inside the soil insert; The soil inserter is lowered so that it is inserted into the soil, and the soil enters from the bottom of the soil inserter and fills the sampling tube. When the filling soil extends out of the sampling tube and lifts the baffle, the linkage is driven to rotate and move the slice to the bottom of the sampling tube to cut the soil below the sampling tube and cover at least part of the bottom of the sampling tube. The sampling component is then removed from the soil insert.

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