Abnormality detection method and module, battery pack, device, vehicle and computer medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery assembly anomaly detection method, an anomaly detection module, a battery pack, an electronic device, a vehicle and a computer readable storage medium. The anomaly detection method comprises the following steps: acquiring the gas concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the internal environment of the battery assembly; determining the concentration change speed according to the gas concentration; and determining the abnormal state degree of the battery assembly according to the gas concentration and the concentration change speed, wherein the abnormal state degree comprises a plurality of abnormal levels. According to the anomaly detection method, the hydrogen sulfide sensor is arranged to detect the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration and output the collection signal, the controller is arranged to judge whether the battery assembly is abnormal or not according to the collection signal, and the abnormal conditions such as leakage or thermal runaway of the battery assembly can be monitored. And the abnormal grade of the battery assembly can be determined according to the gas concentration and the concentration change speed, so that the battery assembly can be treated in a targeted manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a method for detecting anomalies in battery components, an anomaly detection module, a battery pack, an electronic device, a vehicle, and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Solid-state electrolytes offer higher stability compared to liquid electrolytes, making solid-state batteries one of the main development directions in current battery technology. Sulfide solid-state batteries are among the most promising solid-state battery systems for industrialization, as they use sulfide solid electrolytes instead of liquid electrolytes to improve battery safety.

[0003] However, sulfide electrolytes are sensitive to moisture. In the event of leakage or thermal runaway in a solid-state battery, the sulfide electrolyte may come into direct contact with moisture in the air, leading to the production of toxic hydrogen sulfide gas. Hydrogen sulfide gas not only corrodes the battery's circuitry and components but also seriously endangers the health of users. Therefore, how to detect abnormal conditions in sulfide solid-state batteries is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an anomaly detection method for battery components, an anomaly detection module, a battery pack, an electronic device, a vehicle, and a computer-readable storage medium.

[0005] This application provides an anomaly detection method for a battery assembly, the anomaly detection method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the internal environment of the battery assembly;

[0007] The rate of concentration change is determined based on the gas concentration.

[0008] The degree of abnormality of the battery assembly is determined based on the gas concentration and the rate of change of the concentration, and the degree of abnormality includes multiple abnormality levels.

[0009] Thus, in the anomaly detection method, anomaly detection module, battery pack, electronic device, vehicle, and computer-readable storage medium of this application, a hydrogen sulfide sensor is installed to detect the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas and output a collected signal. A controller is also installed to determine whether there is an anomaly in the battery based on the collected signal, enabling monitoring of anomalies such as battery leakage or thermal runaway. Furthermore, the anomaly level of the battery can be determined based on the gas concentration and the rate of concentration change, facilitating targeted treatment of the battery. By monitoring the abnormal state of the battery components, anomalies such as leakage and thermal runaway can be detected in a timely and accurate manner, not only preventing battery system safety accidents and reducing environmental pollution, but also reliably protecting the personal safety of users.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining the degree of abnormality of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration and the rate of change of the concentration includes:

[0011] If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold, or the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold, it is determined that the battery assembly is abnormal.

[0012] The anomaly level of the battery assembly is determined based on the gas concentration, the rate of concentration change, the first concentration threshold, and the first rate threshold.

[0013] In some implementations, the anomaly level includes a level one leak, and determining the anomaly level of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration, the rate of concentration change, the first concentration threshold, and the first rate threshold includes:

[0014] If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than the first rate threshold, or if the gas concentration is less than the first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold, it is determined that the battery assembly has a level one leak.

[0015] In some implementations, the anomaly level includes a secondary leak, and determining the anomaly level of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration, the rate of concentration change, the first concentration threshold, and the first rate threshold includes:

[0016] If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and less than the second concentration threshold, and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold, it is determined that the battery assembly has a secondary leak. The degree of abnormality of the secondary leak is higher than that of the primary leak, and the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold.

[0017] In some implementations, the anomaly level includes Level 1 thermal runaway, and determining the anomaly level of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration, the rate of concentration change, the first concentration threshold, and the first rate threshold includes:

[0018] If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold, and the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold and less than a second rate threshold, it is determined that the battery assembly has a first-level thermal runaway, wherein the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, and the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold.

[0019] In some implementations, the anomaly level includes second-order thermal runaway, and determining the anomaly level of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration, the rate of concentration change, the first concentration threshold, and the first rate threshold includes:

[0020] If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold and the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a second rate threshold, it is determined that the battery module has a secondary thermal runaway. The second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold, and the degree of abnormality of the secondary thermal runaway is higher than the degree of abnormality of the primary thermal runaway.

[0021] In some embodiments, determining the abnormal state of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration, the rate of concentration change, and a set threshold includes:

[0022] If the gas concentration is less than a first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than a first rate threshold, it is determined that the battery assembly is not abnormal.

[0023] This application provides an anomaly detection module for a battery assembly, the anomaly detection module comprising:

[0024] A hydrogen sulfide sensor, configured to acquire the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the internal environment of the battery assembly;

[0025] A controller is communicatively connected to the hydrogen sulfide sensor. The controller is configured to determine the rate of change of the gas concentration based on the gas concentration, and to determine the degree of abnormality of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration and the rate of change of the concentration. The degree of abnormality includes multiple abnormality levels.

[0026] In some embodiments, the battery assembly includes multiple batteries, and the hydrogen sulfide sensor is disposed inside the battery assembly and close to the batteries.

[0027] In some embodiments, the anomaly detection module further includes a collector that is communicatively connected to the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the controller. The collector is configured to output a target signal based on the gas concentration, and the controller is configured to determine the gas concentration based on the target signal.

[0028] In some embodiments, the collector is disposed inside the battery assembly, and the hydrogen sulfide sensor is disposed close to the collector.

[0029] In some embodiments, the hydrogen sulfide sensor is connected to the collector via a connector, or the hydrogen sulfide sensor is mounted on the collector via surface mounting.

[0030] In some embodiments, the battery assembly includes multiple components, and each battery assembly is provided with at least one of the hydrogen sulfide sensors. The controller is configured to determine the current concentration change rate based on the current gas concentration collected by the current hydrogen sulfide sensor, and to determine the abnormal state of the current battery assembly based on the current gas concentration and the current concentration change rate. The current hydrogen sulfide sensor is located inside the current battery assembly.

[0031] In some embodiments, a battery assembly is provided with multiple hydrogen sulfide sensors, and the controller is configured to determine anomalies in the current gas concentrations collected by the multiple hydrogen sulfide sensors of the current battery assembly. If it is determined that all the current gas concentrations are abnormal, or if it is determined that at least one of the current gas concentrations is abnormal, the controller is configured to determine that the current battery assembly is abnormal.

[0032] In some embodiments, the hydrogen sulfide sensor is located near the end of the battery within the battery assembly.

[0033] In some embodiments, a hydrogen sulfide sensor is disposed within a battery assembly, the battery assembly comprising a plurality of batteries arranged in a predetermined direction, the hydrogen sulfide sensor being disposed close to a first battery, the first battery being the battery arranged in the middle position among the plurality of batteries.

[0034] In some embodiments, a gas passage is provided on the sidewall of the battery assembly, the gas passage having a first opening near the hydrogen sulfide sensor and a second opening away from the hydrogen sulfide sensor, the gas passage being configured to deliver the hydrogen sulfide gas.

[0035] In some embodiments, the housing of the hydrogen sulfide sensor is provided with at least one vent, through which hydrogen sulfide gas can reach the detection area of ​​the hydrogen sulfide sensor.

[0036] In some implementations, if the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold, or the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a first speed threshold, the controller is configured to determine that the battery assembly is abnormal, and to determine the abnormality level of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration, the rate of change of concentration, the first concentration threshold, and the first speed threshold.

[0037] In some implementations, the anomaly level includes a Level 1 leak, wherein the controller is configured to determine that a Level 1 leak exists in the battery assembly when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and the rate of change of the concentration is less than the first rate threshold, or when the gas concentration is less than the first concentration threshold and the rate of change of the concentration is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold.

[0038] In some implementations, the anomaly level includes a secondary leak. The controller is configured to determine that a secondary leak exists in the battery assembly when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold and less than a second concentration threshold, and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold. The degree of anomaly in the secondary leak is higher than that in the primary leak, and the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold.

[0039] In some implementations, the anomaly level includes Level 1 thermal runaway. The controller is configured to determine that the battery assembly has Level 1 thermal runaway if the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold and the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold and less than the second rate threshold.

[0040] In some implementations, the anomaly level includes a second-order thermal runaway. The controller is configured to determine that the battery assembly has a second-order thermal runaway when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold and the rate of change of the concentration is greater than or equal to a second rate threshold. The second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, and the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold. The degree of anomaly in the second-order thermal runaway is higher than that in the first-order thermal runaway.

[0041] In some implementations, when the gas concentration is less than a first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than a first rate threshold, the controller is configured to determine that the battery assembly is not abnormal.

[0042] This application provides a battery pack, which includes at least one battery component and an anomaly detection module as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0043] This application provides an electronic device that includes one or more processors and a memory. The memory stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the anomaly detection method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0044] This application provides a vehicle that includes an anomaly detection module as described in any of the above embodiments, a battery pack as described in the above embodiments, or an electronic device as described in the above embodiments.

[0045] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the anomaly detection method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0046] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0047] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0048] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an anomaly detection method according to certain embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to certain embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an anomaly detection method according to certain embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an anomaly detection method according to certain embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an anomaly detection method according to certain embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating an anomaly detection method according to certain embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating an anomaly detection method according to certain embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating an anomaly detection method according to certain embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a voltage sensor, temperature sensor, data logger, and hydrogen sulfide sensor according to certain embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to certain embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0059] Solid-state electrolytes offer higher stability compared to liquid electrolytes, making solid-state batteries one of the main development directions in current battery technology. Sulfide solid-state batteries are among the most promising solid-state battery systems for industrialization, as they use sulfide solid electrolytes instead of liquid electrolytes to improve battery safety.

[0060] However, sulfide electrolytes are sensitive to moisture. In the event of leakage or thermal runaway in a solid-state battery, the sulfide electrolyte may come into direct contact with moisture in the air, leading to the production of toxic hydrogen sulfide gas. Hydrogen sulfide gas not only corrodes battery circuits and components but also seriously endangers human health. Therefore, when using sulfide solid-state batteries, it is necessary to monitor for leaks and thermal runaway to reduce safety accidents and minimize harm. Currently, there are many technologies for monitoring anomalies in liquid battery systems, but technologies for monitoring anomalies in solid-state battery systems are lacking.

[0061] Based on the above-mentioned issues that need to be resolved, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides an anomaly detection method for a battery assembly 300, the anomaly detection method including:

[0062] 01: Obtain the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the internal environment of battery module 300;

[0063] 02: Determine the rate of concentration change based on gas concentration;

[0064] 03: Determine the degree of abnormality of battery module 300 based on gas concentration and the rate of concentration change. The degree of abnormality includes multiple abnormality levels.

[0065] This application provides an anomaly detection module 100 for a battery assembly 300. The anomaly detection module 100 includes a hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 and a controller 130. The hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is configured to acquire the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the internal environment of the battery assembly 300. The controller 130 is communicatively connected to the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 and is configured to determine the rate of change of concentration based on the gas concentration, and to determine the degree of abnormality of the battery assembly 300 based on the gas concentration and the rate of change of concentration. The degree of abnormality includes multiple anomaly levels.

[0066] This application provides an electronic device including one or more processors and a memory. The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the processor. The processor can be used to obtain the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the internal environment of a battery assembly 300; and to determine the rate of change of concentration based on the gas concentration; and can also be used to determine the degree of abnormality of the battery assembly 300 based on the gas concentration and the rate of change of concentration, wherein the degree of abnormality includes multiple abnormality levels.

[0067] This application provides an anomaly detection device for a battery module 300. The anomaly detection device includes an acquisition module, a first determination module, and a second determination module. The acquisition module is used to acquire the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the internal environment of the battery module 300; the first determination module is used to determine the rate of change of concentration based on the gas concentration; and the second determination module is used to determine the degree of anomaly in the battery module 300 based on the gas concentration and the rate of change of concentration, whereby the degree of anomaly includes multiple anomaly levels.

[0068] Specifically, the battery module 300 includes multiple batteries 310, which can be sulfide solid-state batteries. When a sulfide solid-state battery is damaged due to corrosion, rupture, welding failure, compression, foreign object puncture, or impact, it can lead to leakage, exposing the sulfide electrolyte to the air. Alternatively, in the event of thermal runaway, the sulfides in battery 310 may also come into direct contact with the air. During normal operation of the battery module 300, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the battery module 300 is low; however, when a sulfide solid-state battery is damaged, the sulfides in battery 310 will come into contact with moisture in the air, rapidly generating a large amount of hydrogen sulfide gas. Therefore, the concentration and rate of change of hydrogen sulfide gas can be used to determine whether a sulfide battery has leaked or experienced thermal runaway.

[0069] This application embodiment obtains the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the battery assembly 300 by setting a hydrogen sulfide sensor 110, and then calculates the concentration based on the currently obtained gas concentration C. i The previous gas concentration C obtained last time i-1 Determine the rate of concentration change V, and Among them, t is the interval time between the i-th acquisition of the gas concentration and the (i - 1)-th acquisition of the gas concentration. The controller 130 can determine the degree of abnormal state of the battery assembly 300 according to the comparison results of the gas concentration, the concentration change rate, and the set threshold. The degree of abnormal state includes multiple abnormal levels. For example, the abnormal levels include the first leakage, the second leakage, the first thermal runaway, and the second thermal runaway. According to different situations of the gas concentration and the concentration change rate, it can be determined whether the current battery assembly 300 is abnormal and the abnormal level when it is abnormal. The comprehensive judgment combining the two dimensions of the gas concentration and the concentration change rate is more accurate and can greatly reduce the false alarm probability caused by the failure of the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110, environmental interference, etc.

[0070] Since the propagation speed of the gas signal is faster than that of the voltage signal and the temperature signal, and when the battery 310 is abnormal, hydrogen sulfide gas is generated earlier than the voltage change and the temperature change. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is used to detect hydrogen sulfide gas, which can be detected at the beginning of the generation of hydrogen sulfide gas, with higher sensitivity, and can identify the leakage of the solid-state battery that only generates a small amount of hydrogen sulfide, so that the controller 130 can detect it at the initial stage of the leakage or thermal runaway of the battery 310 and give an alarm in time to avoid harm.

[0071] In one embodiment, the set threshold includes the first concentration threshold C1 and the first speed threshold V1. When the gas concentration C < C1 and the concentration change rate V < V1, the controller 130 determines that the battery assembly 300 has not experienced abnormal conditions such as leakage or thermal runaway. When the gas concentration C ≥ C1 or the concentration change rate V ≥ V1, the controller 130 determines that the battery assembly 300 is abnormal and can further determine the abnormal level of the battery assembly 300 according to the gas concentration and the concentration change rate. Among them, when leakage occurs, the sulfide electrolyte in the battery 310 reacts with moisture to generate hydrogen sulfide gas, but the generation rate is slow and the total amount of hydrogen sulfide gas generated is small. Therefore, the gas concentration will increase by a certain amount at this time, but the concentration change rate is small. When thermal runaway occurs, a large amount of gas is violently generated inside the battery 310 and explodes, and more sulfide electrolyte contacts the air, generating a large amount of hydrogen sulfide gas, resulting in a large increase in the gas concentration and a large concentration change rate.

[0072] Among them, the controller 130 can be a battery control system (Battery Management System, BMS), or other components that can perform signal processing and control, such as a microcontroller unit (Microcontroller Unit, MCU), etc., which are not limited here.

[0073] The hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas and transmit the signal to the controller 130. The controller 130 converts the received signal into a gas concentration C through a preset algorithm to obtain the gas concentration. The hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 can be one or more of the following types, including but not limited to metal oxide semiconductor, electrochemical, photoionization gas, and non-dispersive infrared gas types.

[0074] The battery module 300 can be a cylindrical battery 310, a prismatic battery 310, a pouch battery 310, etc., and there are no restrictions here. The battery system 310 of the battery module 300 can be a lithium battery 310, a sodium battery 310, a potassium battery 310, etc., and there are no restrictions here.

[0075] Thus, in the anomaly detection method, anomaly detection module 100, battery pack 1000, electronic device, vehicle, and computer-readable storage medium of this application, a hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is set to detect the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas and output a collection signal, and a controller 130 is set to determine whether there is an abnormality in the battery 310 based on the collection signal, which can realize the monitoring of abnormalities such as leakage or thermal runaway of the battery 310. Furthermore, the anomaly level of the battery 310 can be determined based on the gas concentration and the rate of concentration change, so as to carry out targeted treatment of the battery 310. By monitoring the abnormal state of the battery pack 300, anomalies such as leakage and thermal runaway of the battery pack 300 can be detected in a timely and accurate manner, which not only avoids safety accidents of the battery 310 system and reduces environmental pollution, but also safely and reliably protects the personal safety of users.

[0076] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, step 03 (determining the degree of abnormality of the battery assembly 300 based on gas concentration and the rate of concentration change) includes:

[0077] 031: If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, or the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold, it is determined that the battery module 300 is abnormal;

[0078] 032: Determine the anomaly level of battery module 300 based on gas concentration, concentration change rate, first concentration threshold, and first speed threshold.

[0079] In some implementations, if the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold, or the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a first speed threshold, the controller 130 is configured to determine that there is an anomaly in the battery assembly 300, and to determine the anomaly level of the battery assembly 300 based on the gas concentration, the rate of change of concentration, the first concentration threshold, and the first speed threshold.

[0080] In some implementations, the processor can be used to determine that the battery assembly 300 is abnormal when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold, or the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a first speed threshold, and to determine the abnormality level of the battery assembly 300 based on the gas concentration, the rate of change of concentration, the first concentration threshold, and the first speed threshold.

[0081] In some embodiments, the second determining module includes a first determining submodule and a second determining submodule. The first determining submodule can be used to determine that the battery assembly 300 is abnormal when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold, or the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to a first speed threshold. The second determining submodule can be used to determine the abnormality level of the battery assembly 300 based on the gas concentration, the rate of concentration change, the first concentration threshold, and the first speed threshold.

[0082] Specifically, when the gas concentration C ≥ C1, or the rate of change of concentration V ≥ V1, the controller 130 determines that the battery module 300 has malfunctioned. When the gas concentration C ≥ C1, there is a high amount of hydrogen sulfide gas in the battery module 300. In this case, the sulfide battery in the battery module 300 may rupture, leading to the generation of a large amount of hydrogen sulfide gas. When the rate of change of concentration V ≥ V1, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the battery module 300 rises rapidly. This can be considered as the rupture of the sulfide battery in the battery module 300, causing the sulfide electrolyte to come into contact with air, rapidly generating hydrogen sulfide gas, resulting in a rapid change in the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the battery module 300. Therefore, when the gas concentration C ≥ C1, or the rate of change of concentration V ≥ V1, the controller 130 can determine that the battery module 300 has malfunctioned.

[0083] Furthermore, since the controller 130 will employ different response strategies depending on the degree of abnormality in the battery 310, when it is determined that the battery 310 is abnormal, the abnormality level of the battery assembly 300 can be further determined so that the controller 130 can adopt the corresponding response strategy. These response strategies that the controller 130 can adopt include sending fault information to the backend or the user, issuing an alarm to prompt the vehicle owner to move away from the vehicle or pull over, and activating active safety devices.

[0084] Thus, when the gas concentration is high or the concentration changes rapidly, it can be determined that the battery module 300 is abnormal, and the abnormality level of the battery module 300 can be further determined based on the comparison results of the gas concentration and the rate of concentration change with the threshold, so that the controller 130 can make a corresponding response.

[0085] Please see Figure 4In some embodiments, the anomaly level includes a Level 1 leak, and step 032 (determining the anomaly level of the battery assembly 300 based on gas concentration, rate of concentration change, a first concentration threshold, and a first rate threshold) includes:

[0086] 0321: If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than the first speed threshold, or if the gas concentration is less than the first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first speed threshold, it is determined that the battery module 300 has a first-level leakage.

[0087] In some implementations, the anomaly level includes a Level 1 leak, where the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than a first speed threshold, or where the gas concentration is less than the first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first speed threshold, and the controller 130 is configured to determine that a Level 1 leak exists in the battery assembly 300.

[0088] In some implementations, the processor can be used to determine that there is a Level 1 leak in the battery assembly 300 when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than a first speed threshold, or when the gas concentration is less than the first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first speed threshold.

[0089] In some embodiments, the second determining submodule includes a first determining unit. The first determining unit can be used to determine that the battery assembly 300 has a first-level leak when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than a first speed threshold, or when the gas concentration is less than the first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first speed threshold.

[0090] Specifically, the first concentration threshold is a pre-set gas concentration value, and the second speed threshold is a pre-set gas concentration change rate value. The first concentration threshold and the first speed threshold can be set based on empirical values, or they can be the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration value and concentration change rate value obtained in a pre-test when the battery module 300 experiences a severe leak, or they can be calculated based on the composition and content of the sulfide solid electrolyte contained in a single battery 310. No restrictions are imposed here.

[0091] When the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and the concentration change rate is less than the first speed threshold, that is, when C≥C1 and V<V1, the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration in the battery assembly 300 is relatively high at this time, but the concentration change rate of the hydrogen sulfide gas is relatively slow. It can be considered that the sulfide battery in the battery assembly 300 is damaged, resulting in the leakage of the sulfide electrolyte, and there is a reaction between the sulfide and the moisture in the air to generate hydrogen sulfide gas, increasing the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration in the battery assembly 300. However, the degree of damage to the battery assembly 300 is small at this time, so that not much sulfide electrolyte leaks to rapidly generate hydrogen sulfide gas, resulting in a relatively small concentration change rate. Therefore, when C≥C1 and V<V1, it can be determined that the battery assembly 300 has a slight leakage, but the leakage degree is low. At this time, the abnormal level of the abnormal state of the battery assembly 300 is a first-level leakage.

[0092] When the gas concentration is less than the first concentration threshold and the concentration change rate is greater than or equal to the first speed threshold, that is, when C<C1 and V≥V1, the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration in the battery assembly 300 is relatively low at this time, but the concentration change rate of the hydrogen sulfide gas is relatively fast. It can be considered that the sulfide battery in the battery assembly 300 has just been damaged, resulting in the leakage of the sulfide electrolyte, and there is a reaction between the sulfide and the moisture in the air to generate hydrogen sulfide gas, rapidly increasing the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration in the battery assembly 300. However, due to the just-occurred damage, the gas concentration in the battery assembly 300 has not risen to the first concentration threshold. Therefore, when C<C1 and V≥V1, it can be determined that the battery assembly 300 starts to leak. At this time, the abnormal level of the abnormal state of the battery assembly 300 is a first-level leakage.

[0093] In this way, when one of the two conditions that the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and the concentration change rate is greater than or equal to the first speed threshold is satisfied, it is determined that the battery assembly 300 has a first-level leakage. At this time, the battery 310 of the battery assembly 300 has a slight leakage, so that the controller 130 can make a response strategy for the first-level leakage.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 5 , in some embodiments, the abnormal level includes a second-level leakage. Step 032 (determining the abnormal level of the battery assembly 300 according to the gas concentration, the concentration change rate, the first concentration threshold, and the first speed threshold) includes:

[0095] 0322: When the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, less than the second concentration threshold, and the concentration change rate is greater than or equal to the first speed threshold, it is determined that the battery assembly 300 has a second-level leakage. The abnormal degree of the second-level leakage is higher than that of the first-level leakage. The second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold.

[0096] In some implementations, the anomaly level includes a secondary leak. When the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold and less than a second concentration threshold, and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold, the controller 130 is configured to determine that a secondary leak exists in the battery assembly 300. The degree of anomaly of the secondary leak is higher than that of the primary leak, and the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold.

[0097] In some implementations, the processor can be used to determine that there is a secondary leak in the battery assembly 300 when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold and less than a second concentration threshold, and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold, wherein the degree of abnormality of the secondary leak is higher than that of the primary leak, and the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold.

[0098] In some embodiments, the second determining submodule includes a second determining unit. The second determining unit can be used to determine that the battery assembly 300 has a secondary leak when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold and less than a second concentration threshold, and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold. The degree of abnormality of the secondary leak is higher than that of the primary leak, and the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold.

[0099] Specifically, the second concentration threshold is a pre-set gas concentration value, and the second concentration threshold is greater than the first concentration threshold. The second concentration threshold can be set based on empirical values, or it can be the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration value obtained in a pre-test when the battery module 300 experiences a severe leak, or it can be calculated based on the composition and content of the sulfide solid electrolyte contained in a single battery 310; there are no restrictions on this.

[0100] When the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and less than the second concentration threshold, and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold, then C2≥C≥C1 and V≥V1. The hydrogen sulfide concentration in the battery module 300 has risen to a certain level and is still rising rapidly. At this point, it can be determined that the battery 310 of the battery module 300 has suffered severe damage, resulting in a significant leakage of sulfides and the rapid generation of a large amount of hydrogen sulfide gas. Therefore, the controller 130 determines the abnormal state of the battery module 300 as a level two leakage.

[0101] The anomaly level of a secondary leak is higher than that of a primary leak. Upon confirmation of a secondary leak, the controller 130 will employ stricter safety measures to prevent a severe leak in the battery assembly 300 from causing excessive hydrogen sulfide gas that could threaten user health.

[0102] Thus, when the gas concentration has already increased to a certain extent and is still rising rapidly, it is determined that a secondary leak has occurred in the battery module 300, so that the controller 130 can formulate a response strategy for the secondary leak.

[0103] Please see Figure 6 In some embodiments, the anomaly level includes Level 1 thermal runaway, and step 032 (determining the anomaly level of the battery assembly 300 based on gas concentration, rate of concentration change, a first concentration threshold, and a first rate threshold) includes:

[0104] 0323: When the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the second concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold and less than the second rate threshold, it is determined that the battery module 300 has a first-level thermal runaway, the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, and the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold.

[0105] In some implementations, the anomaly level includes Level 1 thermal runaway. If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold and the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold and less than the second rate threshold, the controller 130 is configured to determine that Level 1 thermal runaway exists in the battery assembly 300, the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, and the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold.

[0106] In some implementations, the processor can be used to determine that the battery assembly 300 has a first-level thermal runaway when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold and the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold and less than the second rate threshold, wherein the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold.

[0107] In some embodiments, the second determining submodule includes a third determining unit. The third determining unit can be used to determine that the battery assembly 300 has a first-level thermal runaway when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold and less than the second rate threshold, wherein the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold.

[0108] Specifically, the second speed threshold is a pre-set gas concentration change rate value, and the second speed threshold is greater than the first speed threshold. The second speed threshold can be set based on empirical values, or it can be obtained by statistical analysis of the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration change rate value obtained in the pre-test during the initial stage of thermal runaway of the battery module 300, or it can be calculated based on the composition and content of the sulfide solid electrolyte contained in a single battery 310. There are no restrictions on this.

[0109] During thermal runaway, battery 310 generates a large amount of hydrogen sulfide gas. The amount of hydrogen sulfide gas generated at this time is greater than that generated during primary or secondary leaks in battery module 300, and the gas generation rate is also faster. Furthermore, the temperature and voltage of battery module 300 only show significant changes after hydrogen sulfide is generated. Therefore, determining whether thermal runaway has occurred based on hydrogen sulfide gas concentration is faster than determining it based on temperature or voltage, allowing for detection in the early stages of thermal runaway.

[0110] When the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the second concentration threshold, and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold and less than the second rate threshold, C≥C2 and V2>V≥V1, the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration in the battery assembly 300 rises to a high concentration and is continuing to rise at a relatively rapid rate. Then the controller 130 determines that a battery 310 is in the early stage of thermal runaway and determines that the battery assembly 300 has experienced a first-level thermal runaway, so that the controller 130 can make a response strategy for the first-level thermal runaway.

[0111] Thus, when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the battery module 300 rises to a high level and continues to rise rapidly, it is determined that the battery module 300 has experienced a first-order thermal runaway.

[0112] Please see Figure 7 In some embodiments, the anomaly level includes secondary thermal runaway, and step 032 (determining the anomaly level of the battery assembly 300 based on gas concentration, rate of concentration change, a first concentration threshold, and a first rate threshold) includes:

[0113] 0324: When the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the second concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the second rate threshold, it is determined that the battery module 300 has a secondary thermal runaway. The second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold, and the degree of abnormality of the secondary thermal runaway is higher than that of the primary thermal runaway.

[0114] In some implementations, the anomaly level includes a second-level thermal runaway. When the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold and the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a second rate threshold, the controller 130 is configured to determine that the battery assembly 300 has a second-level thermal runaway, the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold, the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold, and the degree of anomaly of the second-level thermal runaway is higher than that of the first-level thermal runaway.

[0115] In some implementations, the processor can be used to determine that the battery assembly 300 has a secondary thermal runaway when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold and the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a second rate threshold, wherein the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold, the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold, and the degree of abnormality of the secondary thermal runaway is higher than the degree of abnormality of the primary thermal runaway.

[0116] In some embodiments, the second determining submodule includes a fourth determining unit. The fourth determining unit can be used to determine that the battery assembly 300 has a secondary thermal runaway when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to a second rate threshold, wherein the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold, the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold, and the degree of abnormality of the secondary thermal runaway is higher than the degree of abnormality of the primary thermal runaway.

[0117] Specifically, when the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the second concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the second rate threshold, C≥C2 and V≥V2, the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration inside the battery module 300 is rising rapidly and has reached a high level. At this time, the battery 310 may experience severe thermal runaway or even thermal diffusion to other batteries 310. Then the controller 130 determines that the battery module 300 has experienced secondary thermal runaway.

[0118] Thus, when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the battery module 300 rises to a high level and continues to rise rapidly, it is determined that the battery module 300 has experienced a secondary thermal runaway, so that the controller 130 can formulate a response strategy for the secondary thermal runaway.

[0119] Please see Figure 8 In some embodiments, step 03 (determining the abnormal state of the battery assembly 300 based on gas concentration, rate of concentration change, and a set threshold) includes:

[0120] 033: If the gas concentration is less than the first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than the first rate threshold, it is determined that there is no abnormality in the battery module 300.

[0121] In some implementations, when the gas concentration is less than a first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than a first speed threshold, the controller 130 is configured to determine that there is no abnormality in the battery assembly 300.

[0122] In some implementations, the processor can be used to determine that there is no abnormality in the battery assembly 300 when the gas concentration is less than a first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than a first speed threshold.

[0123] In some embodiments, the second determination module further includes a third determination sub-module. The third determination sub-module can be used to determine that there is no abnormality in the battery assembly 300 when the gas concentration is less than the first concentration threshold and the concentration change rate is less than the first rate threshold.

[0124] Specifically, when there is no leakage and thermal runaway in the battery assembly 300, almost no hydrogen sulfide is generated inside the battery assembly 300. Therefore, under normal circumstances, the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration is low and stable. Thus, when the gas concentration is less than the first concentration threshold and the concentration change rate is less than the first rate threshold, at this time C < C1 and V < V1, the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration inside the battery assembly 300 is extremely low and remains stable without significant change. Then the controller 130 can determine that the battery 310 inside the battery assembly 300 is in a normal state and no abnormality has occurred.

[0125] In this way, according to the gas concentration, the concentration change rate, the first concentration threshold, and the second concentration threshold, the abnormal state of the battery 310 can be determined, and when the gas concentration is low and the concentration change rate is also slow, it can be determined that no abnormality has occurred in the battery 310.

[0126] In some embodiments, the battery assembly 300 includes multiple batteries 310, and the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is disposed inside the battery assembly 300 and is disposed close to the battery 310.

[0127] Specifically, disposing the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 inside the battery assembly 300 and close to the battery 310 enables the hydrogen sulfide gas to be detected by the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 without time for diffusion when the battery 310 in the battery assembly 300 leaks or undergoes thermal runaway, causing the sulfide electrolyte to come into direct contact with air and generating hydrogen sulfide gas. Thus, the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 can quickly and accurately collect the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration inside the current battery assembly 300, enabling the controller 130 to quickly detect the abnormal state of the battery assembly 300.

[0128] Moreover, since the volume of the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is relatively small, disposing it inside the battery assembly 300 can achieve timely monitoring of the leakage and thermal runaway of the battery assembly 300 without substantially increasing the volume and complexity of the battery assembly 300, thereby greatly reducing the safety accidents of solid-state batteries, enhancing the use safety, and reducing the concerns of users.

[0129] In addition, the controller 130 can be disposed outside the battery assembly 300, and the controller 130 and the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 are connected by a communication line to avoid the increase in the volume of the battery assembly 300 due to the excessive volume of the controller 130.

[0130] Thus, by placing the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 inside the battery assembly 300 and close to the battery 310, it is possible to monitor whether the battery assembly 300 is leaking or thermally runaway in a timely and comprehensive manner without increasing the size of the battery assembly 300, thereby greatly improving the safety of use.

[0131] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the anomaly detection module 100 further includes a collector 150, which is communicatively connected to the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 and the controller 130. The collector 150 is configured to output a target signal based on the gas concentration, and the controller 130 is configured to determine the gas concentration based on the target signal.

[0132] Specifically, the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is communicatively connected to the data acquisition unit 150, and the data acquisition unit 150 is communicatively connected to the controller 130. That is, the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 communicates with the controller 130 through the data acquisition unit 150. The hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 outputs the concentration signal of the hydrogen sulfide gas within the battery assembly 300 to the data acquisition unit 150. The data acquisition unit 150 outputs a target signal to the controller 130 based on the gas concentration signal. The controller 130 processes the target signal according to a preset algorithm to determine the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration within the battery assembly 300.

[0133] The collector 150 can be a Battery Information Collector (BIC). The battery information collector 150 is positioned close to the battery 310 to collect the status information of the battery 310, including the battery 310 voltage, battery 310 temperature, etc. The BIC may also be equipped with a temperature sensor 190 and a voltage sensor 170 to detect the corresponding status information.

[0134] Furthermore, since the BIC also needs to collect other state information of the battery 310, setting the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 to communicate with the controller 130 through the BIC can reduce the communication lines connecting the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 and the controller 130, thus reducing the impact of communication line failures on the detection of abnormal states of the battery module 300. Based on the existing BIC and BMS, this application only requires the addition of the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 to achieve the detection of abnormal states of the battery module 300, without the need for additional sensors. The structure is simple, hardly increasing the size and complexity of the battery module 300, and has almost no impact on the energy density of the battery module 300.

[0135] In one embodiment, the data acquisition unit 150 is a BIC (Body Integrated Circuit), the controller 130 is a BMS (Body Management System), and the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is mounted on the BIC. The hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 transmits the concentration signal of the acquired hydrogen sulfide gas to the BIC. The BIC outputs a target signal to the BMS based on the concentration signal. The BMS processes the target signal to obtain the gas concentration C of hydrogen sulfide gas and the rate of change of concentration ΔC.

[0136] In this way, the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is connected to the controller 130 via the collector 150, which eliminates the need for a direct communication line between the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 and the controller 130, reducing the impact of communication line failure on the detection of abnormal states of the battery assembly 300.

[0137] In some embodiments, the collector 150 is located inside the battery assembly 300, and the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is located close to the collector 150.

[0138] Specifically, the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is positioned close to the collector 150, for example, it can be directly mounted on the collector 150, thus eliminating the need for an additional wiring harness to connect the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 and the collector 150. This avoids signal transmission failure due to wiring harness malfunction and also prevents the installation of a wiring harness from increasing the size of the battery assembly 300.

[0139] In some embodiments, the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is connected to the collector 150 via a connector, or the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is mounted on the collector 150 via surface mounting.

[0140] By placing the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 close to the collector 150 and placing both inside the battery assembly 300, the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 can quickly and accurately collect the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas inside the battery assembly 300. This avoids the need for a wiring harness connection between the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 and the collector 150, which would occupy internal space in the battery assembly 300 and thus prevent an increase in the size of the battery assembly 300.

[0141] In some embodiments, the battery assembly 300 includes multiple battery assemblies, each of which is provided with at least one hydrogen sulfide sensor 110. The controller 130 is configured to determine the current concentration change rate based on the current gas concentration collected by the current hydrogen sulfide sensor 110, and to determine the abnormal state of the current battery assembly 300 based on the current gas concentration and the current concentration change rate. The current hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is located inside the current battery assembly 300.

[0142] Specifically, when there are multiple battery modules 300, the controller 130 can locate each battery module 300 based on the gas concentration transmitted by each hydrogen sulfide sensor 110. If the current gas concentration obtained by the current hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is too high, or the rate of change of the current concentration is too rapid, the controller determines that the current battery module 300 has malfunctioned, thus enabling the location of the malfunctioning battery module 300. The current hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is located inside the current battery module 300. The controller 130 can pinpoint the exact location of the malfunctioning battery module 300 based on the location of the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 corresponding to the malfunctioning current gas concentration, facilitating fault diagnosis and anomaly analysis.

[0143] Thus, when there are multiple battery modules 300, each battery module 300 can be located based on the gas concentration transmitted by multiple hydrogen sulfide sensors 110, and the abnormal state of the current battery module 300 where the current hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is located can be determined based on the current gas concentration and the current concentration change rate corresponding to the current hydrogen sulfide sensor 110, so as to achieve targeted monitoring of multiple battery modules 300.

[0144] In some embodiments, a battery assembly 300 is provided with a plurality of hydrogen sulfide sensors 110, and the controller 130 is configured to perform anomaly determination on the current gas concentration collected by the plurality of hydrogen sulfide sensors 110 of the current battery assembly 300 respectively. If it is determined that all current gas concentrations are abnormal, or if it is determined that at least one current gas concentration is abnormal, the controller 130 is configured to determine that the current battery assembly 300 is abnormal.

[0145] Specifically, a battery assembly 300 may be equipped with multiple hydrogen sulfide sensors 110, and the controller 130 shall determine any anomalies in the current gas concentration collected by each hydrogen sulfide sensor 110. In the battery assembly 300, multiple batteries 310 may be arranged along a predetermined direction. The multiple hydrogen sulfide sensors 110 are also evenly arranged along the predetermined direction near the ends of the batteries 310, so that hydrogen sulfide gas generated by batteries 310 at different locations can be collected in a timely manner.

[0146] Specifically, if the current gas concentration is greater than the first concentration threshold, or if the rate of change of concentration determined based on the current gas concentration is greater than the first rate threshold, then it is determined that the current gas concentration is abnormal.

[0147] The conditions for determining an abnormal state of the battery assembly 300 can be set according to requirements. For example, an abnormality in the current battery assembly 300 can be determined when the current gas concentration collected by one of the hydrogen sulfide sensors 110 in the current battery assembly 300 is abnormal, so that the battery assembly 300 can be checked in case of potential leakage. Alternatively, an abnormality in the current battery assembly 300 can be determined only when the current gas concentration collected by all hydrogen sulfide sensors 110 in the current battery assembly 300 is abnormal, in order to avoid false detections caused by malfunction of the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110.

[0148] Thus, by incorporating multiple hydrogen sulfide sensors 110 within the battery assembly 300, hydrogen sulfide gas generated by batteries 310 at different locations can be collected in a timely manner. An anomaly in the battery assembly 300 is only determined when all current gas concentrations are abnormal, thus avoiding inaccurate gas concentration readings due to the malfunction of a single hydrogen sulfide sensor 110. Furthermore, an anomaly in the battery assembly 300 is determined only when at least one current gas concentration is abnormal, enabling a timely response to potential battery 310 malfunctions and effectively mitigating adverse effects caused by battery assembly 300 anomalies.

[0149] In some embodiments, within the battery assembly 300, the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is disposed near the end of the battery 310.

[0150] Specifically, since leakage in battery 310 is generally caused by damage to the end of battery 310, and thermal runaway gas in solid-state batteries typically escapes from the explosion-proof valve at the end of battery 310, hydrogen sulfide gas is most likely to be generated at the end of battery 310. Placing the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 close to the end of battery 310 allows it to quickly detect hydrogen sulfide gas generated at the end of battery 310, further shortening the time it takes for hydrogen sulfide gas to diffuse to the sensor 110. This enables the controller 130 to quickly detect leakage or thermal runaway in battery assembly 300.

[0151] By placing the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 close to the end of the battery 310, the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 can quickly detect the hydrogen sulfide gas generated at the end of the battery 310, thereby enabling the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 to detect the hydrogen sulfide gas generated when the battery 310 is abnormal more quickly.

[0152] In some embodiments, a hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is provided in a battery assembly 300. The battery assembly 300 includes a plurality of batteries 310 arranged in a predetermined direction. The hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is located close to a first battery 311, which is the battery 310 arranged in the middle position among the plurality of battery assemblies 300.

[0153] Specifically, when a hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is installed in a battery assembly 300, in order to ensure that the hydrogen sulfide gas generated by all batteries 310 can be detected as soon as possible, the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is positioned in the center, that is, the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is positioned close to the battery 310 that is arranged in the middle among the multiple battery assemblies 300, so that the hydrogen sulfide gas generated when the batteries 310 arranged at both ends malfunction can also be detected in a timely manner.

[0154] like Figure 2 As shown, when a battery assembly 300 includes an even number of batteries 310, there are two first batteries 311, and the hydrogen sulfide sensor is positioned in the middle of the two first batteries 311. When a battery assembly 300 includes an odd number of batteries 310, there is only one first battery 311, and the hydrogen sulfide sensor is aligned with the first battery 311.

[0155] Thus, by placing the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 close to the battery 310 located in the middle of the multiple battery modules 300, the average monitoring effect of the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 on all batteries 310 within the battery module 300 can be maximized.

[0156] In some embodiments, a gas passage is provided on the side wall of the battery assembly 300, the gas passage having a first opening near the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 and a second opening away from the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110, the gas passage being configured to deliver hydrogen sulfide gas.

[0157] Specifically, the battery assembly 300 includes at least one air passage. The air passage is disposed on the side wall of the battery assembly 300 and has a structure that is open at both ends and closed on all sides. The air passage includes a first opening and a second opening. The first opening is disposed at the end near the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110, and the second opening is disposed at the end away from the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110, so that hydrogen sulfide gas generated by the battery 310 away from the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 can be delivered to the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 through the air passage.

[0158] Thus, by setting up the gas channel, the hydrogen sulfide gas generated by the battery 310 of the battery assembly 300 can diffuse to the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110, thereby enabling the controller 130 to accurately and timely monitor abnormal situations such as leakage and thermal runaway of the battery assembly 300.

[0159] Please see Figure 9 In some embodiments, the housing of the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 is provided with at least one vent 111, through which hydrogen sulfide gas can reach the detection area of ​​the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110.

[0160] In this way, the gas can pass through the vent 111 through the housing of the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110 and reach the detection area of ​​the hydrogen sulfide sensor 110.

[0161] Please see Figure 10 This application provides a battery pack 1000, which includes at least one battery component 300 and an anomaly detection module 100 as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0162] Specifically, the battery pack 1000 also includes a support member 500 and a cover 700. The battery assembly 300 and the anomaly detection module 100 are both mounted on the support member 500, and multiple batteries 310 in the battery assembly 300 are fixed to the support member at intervals. The cover 700 and the support member 500 are matched in size so that the cover can cover the support member 500 and other components.

[0163] This application provides a vehicle that includes an anomaly detection module 100 as described in any of the above embodiments, a battery pack 1000 as described in the above embodiments, or an electronic device as described in the above embodiments.

[0164] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the anomaly detection method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0165] It is understood that a computer program includes computer program code. Computer program code can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or some intermediate form. Computer-readable storage media can include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, external hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), and software distribution media, etc.

[0166] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with an embodiment or example that are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as features of different embodiments or examples.

[0167] Furthermore, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can include fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; it can include direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and it can also include internal communication between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0168] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0169] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order according to the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0170] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting anomalies in a battery assembly, characterized in that, The anomaly detection method includes: Obtain the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the internal environment of the battery assembly; The rate of concentration change is determined based on the gas concentration. The degree of abnormality of the battery assembly is determined based on the gas concentration and the rate of change of the concentration, and the degree of abnormality includes multiple abnormality levels.

2. The anomaly detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the degree of abnormality of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration and the rate of concentration change includes: If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold, or the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold, it is determined that the battery assembly is abnormal. The anomaly level of the battery assembly is determined based on the gas concentration, the rate of concentration change, the first concentration threshold, and the first rate threshold.

3. The anomaly detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anomaly level includes a level one leak. Determining the anomaly level of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration, the rate of concentration change, the first concentration threshold, and the first rate threshold includes: If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than the first rate threshold, or if the gas concentration is less than the first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold, it is determined that the battery assembly has a level one leak.

4. The anomaly detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anomaly level includes a level two leak. Determining the anomaly level of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration, the rate of concentration change, the first concentration threshold, and the first rate threshold includes: If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and less than the second concentration threshold, and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold, it is determined that the battery assembly has a secondary leak. The degree of abnormality of the secondary leak is higher than that of the primary leak, and the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold.

5. The anomaly detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anomaly level includes Level 1 thermal runaway. Determining the anomaly level of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration, the rate of concentration change, the first concentration threshold, and the first rate threshold includes: If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold, and the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold and less than a second rate threshold, it is determined that the battery assembly has a first-level thermal runaway, wherein the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, and the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold.

6. The anomaly detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anomaly level includes level two thermal runaway. Determining the anomaly level of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration, the rate of concentration change, the first concentration threshold, and the first rate threshold includes: If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold and the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a second rate threshold, it is determined that the battery module has a secondary thermal runaway. The second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold, and the degree of abnormality of the secondary thermal runaway is higher than the degree of abnormality of the primary thermal runaway.

7. The anomaly detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the degree of abnormality of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration and the rate of concentration change includes: If the gas concentration is less than a first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than a first rate threshold, it is determined that the battery assembly is not abnormal.

8. An anomaly detection module for a battery assembly, characterized in that, The anomaly detection module includes: A hydrogen sulfide sensor, configured to acquire the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the internal environment of the battery assembly; A controller is communicatively connected to the hydrogen sulfide sensor. The controller is configured to determine the rate of change of the gas concentration based on the gas concentration, and to determine the degree of abnormality of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration and the rate of change of the concentration. The degree of abnormality includes multiple abnormality levels.

9. The anomaly detection module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The battery assembly includes multiple batteries, and the hydrogen sulfide sensor is disposed inside the battery assembly and close to the batteries.

10. The anomaly detection module according to claim 9, characterized in that, Within the battery assembly, the hydrogen sulfide sensor is positioned near the end of the battery.

11. The anomaly detection module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The anomaly detection module also includes a collector, which is communicatively connected to the hydrogen sulfide sensor and the controller. The collector is configured to output a target signal based on the gas concentration, and the controller is configured to determine the gas concentration based on the target signal.

12. The anomaly detection module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The collector is located inside the battery assembly, and the hydrogen sulfide sensor is located close to the collector.

13. The anomaly detection module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The hydrogen sulfide sensor is connected to the collector via a connector, or the hydrogen sulfide sensor is mounted on the collector via surface mounting.

14. The anomaly detection module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The battery assembly includes multiple components, and each battery assembly is equipped with at least one hydrogen sulfide sensor. The controller is configured to determine the current concentration change rate based on the current gas concentration collected by the current hydrogen sulfide sensor, and to determine the abnormal state of the current battery assembly based on the current gas concentration and the current concentration change rate. The current hydrogen sulfide sensor is located inside the current battery assembly.

15. The anomaly detection module according to claim 8, characterized in that, A battery assembly is provided with multiple hydrogen sulfide sensors. The controller is configured to determine anomalies in the current gas concentrations collected by the multiple hydrogen sulfide sensors of the current battery assembly. If it is determined that all the current gas concentrations are abnormal, or if it is determined that at least one of the current gas concentrations is abnormal, the controller is configured to determine that the current battery assembly is abnormal.

16. The anomaly detection module according to claim 8, characterized in that, A hydrogen sulfide sensor is disposed within one of the battery assemblies. The battery assemblies include a plurality of batteries arranged in a predetermined direction. The hydrogen sulfide sensor is disposed close to a first battery, which is the battery arranged in the middle position among the plurality of batteries.

17. The anomaly detection module according to claim 8, characterized in that, A gas passage is provided on the side wall of the battery assembly. The gas passage has a first opening near the hydrogen sulfide sensor and a second opening away from the hydrogen sulfide sensor. The gas passage is configured to deliver the hydrogen sulfide gas.

18. The anomaly detection module according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least one vent is provided on the housing of the hydrogen sulfide sensor, through which the hydrogen sulfide gas can reach the detection area of ​​the hydrogen sulfide sensor.

19. The anomaly detection module according to claim 8, characterized in that, If the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a first concentration threshold, or the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a first speed threshold, the controller is configured to determine that the battery assembly is abnormal, and to determine the abnormality level of the battery assembly based on the gas concentration, the rate of change of concentration, the first concentration threshold, and the first speed threshold.

20. The anomaly detection module according to claim 19, characterized in that, The anomaly level includes a Level 1 leak, where the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and the rate of change of the concentration is less than the first rate threshold, or where the gas concentration is less than the first concentration threshold and the rate of change of the concentration is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold, in which case the controller is configured to determine that there is a Level 1 leak in the battery assembly.

21. The anomaly detection module according to claim 19, characterized in that, The anomaly level includes a secondary leak. When the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold and less than the second concentration threshold, and the rate of concentration change is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold, the controller is configured to determine that the battery assembly has a secondary leak. The anomaly level of the secondary leak is higher than that of the primary leak, and the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold.

22. The anomaly detection module according to claim 19, characterized in that, The anomaly level includes Level 1 thermal runaway. When the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold and the rate of change of concentration is greater than or equal to a first rate threshold and less than a second rate threshold, the controller is configured to determine that the battery assembly has Level 1 thermal runaway, the second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, and the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold.

23. The anomaly detection module according to claim 19, characterized in that, The anomaly level includes a second-level thermal runaway. When the gas concentration is greater than or equal to a second concentration threshold and the rate of change of the concentration is greater than or equal to a second rate threshold, the controller is configured to determine that the battery assembly has a second-level thermal runaway. The second concentration threshold is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, and the second rate threshold is greater than or equal to the first rate threshold. The anomaly level of the second-level thermal runaway is higher than that of the first-level thermal runaway.

24. The anomaly detection module according to claim 8, characterized in that, If the gas concentration is less than a first concentration threshold and the rate of concentration change is less than a first rate threshold, the controller is configured to determine that there is no abnormality in the battery assembly.

25. A battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack includes at least one battery component and an anomaly detection module as described in any one of claims 8-24.

26. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes one or more processors and a memory, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the anomaly detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

27. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes an anomaly detection module as described in any one of claims 8 to 24, a battery pack as described in claim 25, or an electronic device as described in claim 26.

28. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the anomaly detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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