Composite soilless lawn substrate material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite soilless lawn matrix material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of steel slag resource utilization. A composite soilless lawn matrix more suitable for plant cultivation can be obtained through modification treatment of a phosphoric acid solution on converter slag particles and the synergistic effect of double slag and mushroom residue fibers; the vertical stem density of the plants and the lawn coverage are effectively improved. In the prepared matrix material, sufficient supply of iron, magnesium and other elements in the converter slag particles and the blast furnace slag micro powder promotes development of chloroplasts and synthesis of chlorophyll. The composition of the converter slag particles, the blast furnace slag micro powder and the mushroom dreg fibers can preferentially promote the plants to grow underground parts so as to improve the water and nutrient absorption capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of steel slag resource utilization, and particularly relates to a composite soilless turf substrate material and its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Steel slag is a byproduct of steel production, containing large amounts of elements such as iron, silicon, and calcium. Traditional methods of steel slag disposal mainly involve landfilling or stockpiling, which not only wastes valuable resources but also poses potential environmental pollution risks. Mushroom residue, also known as spent mushroom substrate or mushroom bran, refers to the waste remaining after harvesting finished mushrooms during edible mushroom cultivation; it is a residue of the mushroom substrate. Although mushroom residue can be used as animal feed, field fertilizer, and recycled as raw material for edible mushrooms, most of it is currently discarded indiscriminately, leading to mold and rot. This wastes valuable resources, pollutes the environment, and affects the aesthetics.

[0003] Currently, the most common method used for urban greening and football field construction is laying turf, making turf production the most important part of the turf industry's development. Turf production is generally divided into two categories: traditional turf production and soilless turf production. Soilless turf production utilizes industrial and agricultural waste as a substrate to provide the soil structure and nutrients needed by the turfgrass, without damaging the soil, thus better aligning with the concept of protecting the natural environment and the needs of sustainable industrial development. Soilless turf refers to turf produced on a non-soil substrate. The substrate is a key factor in soilless turf production, consisting of both organic and inorganic matter. Organic matter provides nutrients to the turf, while inorganic matter provides fixation and support. The mixed use of organic and inorganic matter can optimize the coordination of water, air, and fertilizer. Commonly used organic materials include straw, mushroom compost, sawdust, and livestock manure, which have different characteristics in terms of air permeability, water retention, pH value, trace element content, and decomposition rate. Commonly used inorganic materials include sand, gravel, vermiculite, perlite, rock wool, and expanded clay. Steel slag, whose main component is silicon dioxide, can be used as a raw material for silicon fertilizer. Meanwhile, steel slag contains other elements such as calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, so steel slag can also be used to produce phosphate fertilizer and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.

[0004] my country produces a staggering amount of steel slag and mushroom residue as byproducts each year. Domestically, steel slag is typically recycled within enterprises, used in roadbed materials, steel slag bricks, or for wastewater treatment – ​​all low-value-added uses that are not only inefficient but also cause secondary pollution. For mushroom residue, a solid waste with excellent physical and nutritional structure, our existing resource utilization methods are limited.

[0005] Therefore, how to utilize waste steel slag and bacterial residue as raw materials for soilless turf substrates, and how to adjust and optimize the formula to meet the physical structure and nutrition requirements of the substrate for turf growth, and explore a high-value-added utilization path, has become a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a composite soilless turf substrate material, its preparation method and application, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art or achieve better technical effects.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the inventors, through practice and summarization, derived the technical solution of this invention. This invention discloses a composite soilless turf substrate material, with the following component amounts by mass percentage:

[0008] 4-6% phosphoric acid solution, 30-40% converter slag particles, 20-25% blast furnace slag powder and 30-40% mushroom residue fiber;

[0009] The blast furnace slag powder contains 36.5-38% CaO, 8.5-9.5% MgO, and 0.7-0.75% Fe2O3; the converter slag particles contain 42-45% CaO, 5.5-6.5% MgO, and 24-26% Fe2O3.

[0010] Furthermore, the blast furnace slag powder contains 37.02% CaO, 8.64% MgO, and 0.742% Fe2O3.

[0011] Furthermore, the converter slag particles contain 43.75% CaO, 5.81% MgO, and 24.17% Fe2O3.

[0012] Furthermore, the pH of the phosphoric acid solution is 5.0 to 5.5.

[0013] Furthermore, the mushroom residue fiber is oyster mushroom residue fiber, which is used after being composted and decomposed.

[0014] Furthermore, the composite soilless turf substrate material, by weight percentage, has the following component amounts:

[0015] 6% phosphoric acid solution, 30% converter slag particles, 24% blast furnace slag powder and 40% mushroom residue fiber.

[0016] Furthermore, the preparation method of any of the above-mentioned composite soilless turf substrate materials includes the following steps:

[0017] S1: Mix converter slag particles with phosphoric acid solution, and then use a high-speed mixer to stir at high speed to remove f-CaO on the surface of converter slag particles and reduce alkalinity, forming weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles for later use.

[0018] S2: The weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles obtained in S1 are further mixed with blast furnace slag powder and mushroom residue fiber under negative pressure and high speed to reduce alkalinity and polymerize and adsorb, forming an integrated composite soilless turf substrate with acid-base neutralization and nutrient activation.

[0019] Furthermore, in S1, the high-speed mixer rotates at a speed of 600~800 r / min and the stirring time is 30~45 min.

[0020] Furthermore, in S2, the negative pressure condition is -0.05MPa; the high-speed mixing condition is 1000r / min.

[0021] Furthermore, the application of any of the above-described composite soilless turf substrate materials in the cultivation of Bermuda grass plants.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] (1) The present invention can obtain a composite soilless turf substrate that is more suitable for cultivating plants by modifying converter slag particles with phosphoric acid solution and by the synergistic effect of the two slags and mushroom residue fibers, which can effectively improve the density of upright stems and turf coverage.

[0024] (2) In this invention, f-CaO is attached to the surface of converter slag particles (highly alkaline). Phosphoric acid solution (acidic) reacts with f-CaO to generate calcium phosphate and form pores in the converter slag particles. In the process of generating weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles, acid-base neutralization and surface pore formation are achieved.

[0025] (3) The surface of the weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles of the present invention has a porous structure. Under the action of negative pressure, blast furnace slag powder and mushroom residue fiber are adsorbed on its surface to form integrated particles, thereby realizing polymerization, adsorption and reconstruction. At the same time, the blast furnace slag powder is weakly alkaline and the mushroom residue fiber is acidic. The two are combined with the weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles, which can further reduce the alkalinity of the composite matrix.

[0026] (4) The matrix material prepared by this invention can also increase the total chlorophyll content and relative water content of the leaves. The sufficient supply of elements such as iron and magnesium in converter slag particles and blast furnace slag powder promotes the development of chloroplasts and the synthesis of chlorophyll. The composite of converter slag particles, blast furnace slag powder and mushroom residue fiber can preferentially promote the growth of underground parts of plants to increase their ability to absorb water and nutrients. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a process diagram for preparing the composite soilless turf substrate material of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0029] The blast furnace slag and converter slag used in this invention are both sourced from Zhongtian Iron and Steel Group (Nantong) Co., Ltd.

[0030] The main components of blast furnace slag powder are: CaO (37.02%), SiO2 (33.40%), Al2O3 (16.31%), MgO (8.64%), SO3 (1.61%), TiO2 (0.928%), Fe2O3 (0.742%), Na2O (0.558%), and others (0.792%). The fineness ranges from greater than 600 mesh to less than 500 mesh, with a percentage ranging from 20.0% to 25.0%.

[0031] The main components of converter slag particles are: CaO (43.75%), Fe2O3 (24.17%), SiO2 (13.97%), MgO (5.81%), P2O5 (3.53%), MnO (3.18%), Al2O3 (3.04%), TiO2 (1.10%), and others (1.45%). The particle size ranges from greater than 0.2 mm to less than 1.0 mm, accounting for 30.0% to 40.0% of the total particles.

[0032] In phosphoric acid solution, the pH is 5.0~5.5, and the proportion is 4.0~6.0%.

[0033] The mushroom residue fiber is from oyster mushroom residue, accounting for 30.0% to 40.0%. It is sourced from Luya (Jiangsu) Edible Fungus Co., Ltd., and is used after composting.

[0034] The testing methods used for each indicator in the following examples are as follows:

[0035] Physicochemical properties of the composite matrix:

[0036] 1. Bulk density and porosity:

[0037] Take a container with a known volume (V) and weigh it (W1). Fill it with the air-dried matrix to be tested and weigh it (W2). Immerse the container filled with matrix in water for 24 hours using double-layered gauze (the mass of the sealing gauze is negligible) and weigh it (W3). After taking it out, invert the container and drain the water by gravity, and weigh it (W4).

[0038] bulk density (g / cm³) 3W2 = (W1 - W2) / V; Total porosity = (W3 - W2) / V × 100%;

[0039] Ventilation pores = (W3-W4) / V×100%; Water-holding pores = (W4-W2) / V×100%.

[0040] 2. pH value and EC value:

[0041] The air-dried matrix (mass) and deionized water (volume) were mixed at a ratio of 1:5. After standing for 2 hours, the filtrate was collected and measured using a pH and EC analyzer.

[0042] Plant appearance quality and physiological and ecological indicators:

[0043] 1. Density of upright stems

[0044] Upright stem density refers to the total number of grass stems per unit area, which is the number of upright stems per square decimeter.

[0045] 2. Lawn grass coverage

[0046] Turf cover refers to the percentage of lawn area to substrate area, reflecting the growth rate and quality of the lawn. Turf cover values ​​were extracted using Photoshop.

[0047] 3. Completion speed

[0048] While observing the lawn coverage, record the number of days required for each treatment to reach 80% coverage.

[0049] 4. Evaluation of lawn color and uniformity

[0050] The color and uniformity of the lawn were evaluated by visual inspection. Each area was evaluated three times by three people. The evaluation criteria are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Observations were conducted every 10 days.

[0051] Table 1. Turfgrass uniformity scoring criteria

[0052]

[0053] Table 2. Turfgrass Color Scoring Criteria

[0054]

[0055] 5. Chlorophyll content of turfgrass

[0056] Take 0.2g of fresh Bermuda grass leaves from the lawn, place them in a 10mL centrifuge tube, add 8mL of dimethyl sulfoxide (CMOS), and store in the dark until the leaves turn white. Then, use a UV spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance of the liquid at wavelengths of 663nm and 645nm. Afterward, dry the leaves and measure their dry weight. Calculate the chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content using the formula.

[0057] 6. Relative water content of leaves

[0058] Ten mature Bermuda grass leaves were taken, weighed fresh, and placed in an oven. First, the leaves were blanched at 105℃, then the temperature was adjusted to 80℃ and dried to constant weight. The dry weight was then measured. The leaf moisture content was calculated using the formula. Each treatment was repeated three times.

[0059] A composite soilless turf substrate material, with the following component amounts by weight percentage:

[0060] 4-6% phosphoric acid solution, 30-40% converter slag particles, 20-25% blast furnace slag powder and 30-40% mushroom residue fiber;

[0061] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite soilless turf substrate material, such as Figure 1 As shown, the steps are as follows:

[0062] (1) The converter slag particles are mixed with phosphoric acid solution, and then stirred at a speed of 600~800r / min for 30~45min using a high-speed mixer to remove f-CaO on the surface of the converter slag particles and reduce the alkalinity, forming weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles for later use; f-CaO is attached to the surface of the converter slag particles (highly alkaline), and the phosphoric acid solution (acidic) reacts with f-CaO to generate calcium phosphate and form pores in the converter slag particles. In the process of generating weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles, acid-base neutralization and surface pore formation are achieved;

[0063] (2) The weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles obtained in step (1) are mixed with blast furnace slag powder and mushroom residue fiber under negative pressure (-0.05MPa) and high speed (1000r / min) (the core of negative pressure high speed mixing is that the high speed mixer is running in a vacuum drying box) to further reduce alkalinity and polymer adsorption reconstruction, forming an integrated composite soilless turf substrate with acid-base neutralization and nutrient activation;

[0064] The surface of the weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles has a porous structure. Under negative pressure, blast furnace slag powder and mushroom residue fiber are adsorbed on its surface to form integrated particles, thereby achieving polymerization, adsorption and reconstruction. At the same time, the blast furnace slag powder is weakly alkaline and the mushroom residue fiber is acidic. When the two are combined with the weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles, the alkalinity of the composite matrix can be further reduced.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] A composite soilless turf substrate material, with the following component amounts by weight percentage:

[0067] 4% phosphoric acid solution,

[0068] 40% converter slag particles,

[0069] 22% blast furnace slag powder,

[0070] 34% mushroom residue fiber;

[0071] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite soilless turf substrate material includes the following steps:

[0072] (1) Mix the converter slag particles with phosphoric acid solution (pH=5.5), and then stir at a speed of 600r / min for 30min using a high-speed mixer to remove f-CaO on the surface of the converter slag particles and reduce alkalinity, forming weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles for later use.

[0073] (2) The weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles obtained in step (1) are mixed with blast furnace slag powder and mushroom residue fiber under negative pressure (-0.05MPa) and high speed (1000r / min) to further reduce alkalinity and polymer adsorption reconstruction, forming an integrated composite soilless turf substrate with acid-base neutralization and nutrient activation.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] A composite soilless turf substrate material, with the following component amounts by weight percentage:

[0076] 6% phosphoric acid solution

[0077] 30% converter slag particles,

[0078] 24% blast furnace slag powder,

[0079] 40% mushroom residue fiber;

[0080] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite soilless turf substrate material includes the following steps:

[0081] (1) Mix the converter slag particles with phosphoric acid solution (pH=5.0), and then stir at a speed of 600r / min for 30min using a high-speed mixer to remove f-CaO on the surface of the converter slag particles and reduce alkalinity, forming weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles for later use.

[0082] (2) The weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles obtained in step (1) are mixed with blast furnace slag powder and mushroom residue fiber under negative pressure (-0.05MPa) and high speed (1000r / min) to further reduce alkalinity and polymer adsorption reconstruction, forming an integrated composite soilless turf substrate with acid-base neutralization and nutrient activation.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] A composite soilless turf substrate material, with the following component amounts by weight percentage:

[0085] 5% phosphoric acid solution,

[0086] 40% converter slag particles,

[0087] 25% blast furnace slag powder,

[0088] 30% mushroom residue fiber;

[0089] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite soilless turf substrate material includes the following steps:

[0090] (1) Mix the converter slag particles with phosphoric acid solution (pH=5.3), and then stir at a speed of 600r / min for 30min using a high-speed mixer to remove f-CaO on the surface of the converter slag particles and reduce alkalinity, forming weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles for later use.

[0091] (2) The weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles obtained in step (1) are mixed with blast furnace slag powder and mushroom residue fiber under negative pressure (-0.05MPa) and high speed (1000r / min) to further reduce alkalinity and polymer adsorption reconstruction, forming an integrated composite soilless turf substrate with acid-base neutralization and nutrient activation.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] A composite soilless turf substrate material, with the following component amounts by weight percentage:

[0094] 5.5% phosphoric acid solution,

[0095] 36% converter slag particles,

[0096] 20% blast furnace slag powder,

[0097] 38.5% mushroom residue fiber;

[0098] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite soilless turf substrate material includes the following steps:

[0099] (1) Mix the converter slag particles with phosphoric acid solution (pH=5.1), and then stir at a speed of 600r / min for 30min using a high-speed mixer to remove f-CaO on the surface of the converter slag particles and reduce alkalinity, forming weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles for later use.

[0100] (2) The weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles obtained in step (1) are mixed with blast furnace slag powder and mushroom residue fiber under negative pressure (-0.05MPa) and high speed (1000r / min) to further reduce alkalinity and polymer adsorption reconstruction, forming an integrated composite soilless turf substrate with acid-base neutralization and nutrient activation.

[0101] Example 5

[0102] A composite soilless turf substrate material, with the following component amounts by weight percentage:

[0103] 4.5% phosphoric acid solution,

[0104] 38% converter slag particles,

[0105] 21% blast furnace slag powder,

[0106] 36.5% mushroom residue fiber;

[0107] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite soilless turf substrate material includes the following steps:

[0108] (1) Mix the converter slag particles with phosphoric acid solution (pH=5.2), and then stir at a speed of 600r / min for 30min using a high-speed mixer to remove f-CaO on the surface of the converter slag particles and reduce alkalinity, forming weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles for later use.

[0109] (2) The weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles obtained in step (1) are mixed with blast furnace slag powder and mushroom residue fiber under negative pressure (-0.05MPa) and high speed (1000r / min) to further reduce alkalinity and polymer adsorption reconstruction, forming an integrated composite soilless turf substrate with acid-base neutralization and nutrient activation.

[0110] Comparative Example 1

[0111] A composite soilless turf substrate material, with the following component amounts by weight percentage:

[0112] Phosphoric acid solution (4.5%)

[0113] Blast furnace slag powder (59%)

[0114] Mushroom residue fiber (36.5%);

[0115] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite soilless turf substrate material includes the following steps:

[0116] Phosphoric acid solution (pH=5.2) is mixed with blast furnace slag powder and mushroom residue fiber under negative pressure (-0.05MPa) and high speed (1000r / min) to reduce alkalinity and polymerize and adsorb, forming an integrated composite soilless turf substrate with acid-base neutralization and nutrient activation.

[0117] Comparative Example 2

[0118] A composite soilless turf substrate material, with the following component amounts by weight percentage:

[0119] Phosphoric acid solution (4.5%)

[0120] Converter slag particles (59%)

[0121] Mushroom residue fiber (36.5%);

[0122] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite soilless turf substrate material includes the following steps:

[0123] (1) Stir the converter slag particles with phosphoric acid solution (pH=5.2) for 30 min to remove f-CaO on the surface of the converter slag particles and reduce alkalinity to form weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles.

[0124] (2) The weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles obtained in step (1) and mushroom residue fibers are subjected to negative pressure (-0.05MPa) and high-speed mixing (1000r / min) to further reduce alkalinity and polymer adsorption reconstruction, forming an integrated composite soilless turf substrate with acid-base neutralization and nutrient activation.

[0125] Comparative Example 3

[0126] A composite soilless turf substrate material, with the following component amounts by weight percentage:

[0127] Converter slag particles (38%)

[0128] Blast furnace slag powder (21%)

[0129] Mushroom residue fiber (41%)

[0130] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite soilless turf substrate material includes the following steps:

[0131] By mixing converter slag particles, blast furnace slag powder, and mushroom residue fiber under negative pressure (-0.05MPa) and high speed (1000r / min), the alkalinity is further reduced and polymer adsorption is reconstructed, forming an integrated composite soilless turf substrate with acid-base neutralization and nutrient activation.

[0132] Comparative Example 4

[0133] A composite soilless turf substrate material, with the following component amounts by weight percentage:

[0134] Phosphoric acid solution (4.5%)

[0135] Converter slag particles (38%)

[0136] Blast furnace slag powder (21%)

[0137] Mushroom residue fiber (36.5%);

[0138] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite soilless turf substrate material includes the following steps:

[0139] (1) Stir the converter slag particles with phosphoric acid solution (pH=5.2) for 30 min to remove f-CaO on the surface of the converter slag particles and reduce alkalinity to form weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles.

[0140] (2) Weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles, blast furnace slag powder, and mushroom residue particles are further reduced in alkalinity and polymerized and adsorbed under negative pressure (-0.05MPa) and high-speed mixing (1000r / min) to form an integrated composite soilless turf substrate with acid-base neutralization and nutrient activation.

[0141] Comparative Example 5

[0142] A conventional composite soilless turf substrate, with the following component dosages by weight percentage:

[0143] Yellow sand (63.5%)

[0144] Mushroom residue fiber (36.5%);

[0145] The preparation method of the above-mentioned conventional composite soilless turf substrate includes the following steps:

[0146] Yellow sand and mushroom residue particles are mixed at high speed (1000r / min) to form a conventional composite soilless turf substrate.

[0147] The matrix materials obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were respectively tested for bulk density (g / cm³). 3 The total porosity (%), aeration porosity (%), water-holding porosity (%), electrical conductivity (mS / cm), and pH value were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0148] Table 3. Test results of various physicochemical properties of the matrix materials obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5

[0149]

[0150] Table 3 shows the physicochemical performance test results, indicating significant differences in matrix properties between Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5, thus demonstrating the scientific validity of the composite matrix component combination and modification process of this invention. Regarding bulk density, the Example groups ranged from 0.81 to 1.16 g / cm³. 3 It meets the suitable range for lawn substrate. Comparative Example 2, due to its higher proportion of converter slag particles, has a bulk density of 1.45 g / cm³. 3 The results exceeded the suitable range. Regarding pore structure, the total porosity of the example group was 51.70%~54.95%, with a coordinated ratio of aeration and water retention pores, effectively balancing root respiration and water supply. Comparative Example 3, lacking the modification treatment of converter slag particles with phosphoric acid solution, had poor aeration porosity, further illustrating the synergistic effect of phosphoric acid solution modification and the dual-slag ratio. Comparative Example 4, by replacing mushroom residue fibers with granules, experienced adverse changes in pore structure, leading to a disruption of pore balance. Comparative Example 5, while exhibiting good water retention, suffered from poor aeration performance due to insufficient aeration pores in the yellow sand. The other comparative examples also showed pore structure imbalances, highlighting the crucial influence of the ternary composite system, phosphoric acid solution modification, and mushroom residue fiber morphology on pore structure.

[0151] Electrical conductivity and pH are the core indicators for regulating substrate fertility and acid-base environment. Examples 1 to 5 achieved precise control of these two indicators, with electrical conductivity ranging from 0.87 to 1.21 mS / cm and pH ranging from 7.97 to 8.49, both within suitable ranges. This combination of moderate fertility, no risk of salt damage, and stable acid-base environment is mainly due to the modification treatment of converter slag particles by phosphoric acid solution and the synergistic effect of dual slag and mushroom residue fiber. Each comparative example exhibited imbalances in two indicators or deterioration in a single indicator due to component or process defects: Comparative example 3 lacked phosphoric acid modification, resulting in poor aeration porosity and excessively high pH, ​​exceeding the requirements for turf growth; Comparative example 2 had a high proportion of converter slag particles, leading to excessive alkalinity and excessive pH, thus exacerbating the risk of growth inhibition; Comparative example 4 had abnormal pore structure due to the replacement of mushroom residue fiber with particles, which indirectly affected acid-base neutralization stability; Comparative example 5 had a suitable pH range, but its electrical conductivity was only 0.46 mS / cm, its fertility was insufficient, and the yellow sand had poor aeration, making it impossible to create a suitable environment for turfgrass growth.

[0152] After 50 days of bermudagrass cultivation using the substrates obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5, the physiological and ecological indicators of the plants under different substrates were compared, as shown in Table 4 below.

[0153] Table 4. Physiological and ecological indicators of plants in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5 under substrate.

[0154]

[0155] Analysis of Table 4 shows that the physiological and ecological indicators of the bermudagrass plants in Examples 1-5 are significantly better than those in the comparative examples. This indicates that the present invention can obtain a more suitable composite soilless turf substrate for cultivating plants through the modification treatment of converter slag particles by phosphoric acid solution and the synergistic effect of the two slags and mushroom residue fibers, effectively improving the upright stem density and turf coverage of the plants.

[0156] In addition, the matrix material prepared by this invention can also increase the total chlorophyll content and relative water content of the leaves. The ample supply of elements such as iron and magnesium in the converter slag particles and blast furnace slag powder promotes chloroplast development and chlorophyll synthesis. The composite of converter slag particles, blast furnace slag powder, and mushroom residue fiber can preferentially promote the growth of the underground parts of plants, thereby increasing their ability to absorb water and nutrients.

Claims

1. A composite soilless turf substrate material, characterized in that, The amounts of each component, by mass percentage, are as follows: 4-6% phosphoric acid solution, 30-40% converter slag particles, 20-25% blast furnace slag powder and 30-40% mushroom residue fiber; The blast furnace slag powder contains 36.5-38% CaO, 8.5-9.5% MgO, and 0.7-0.75% Fe2O3; the converter slag particles contain 42-45% CaO, 5.5-6.5% MgO, and 24-26% Fe2O3.

2. The composite soilless turf substrate material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blast furnace slag powder contains 37.02% CaO, 8.64% MgO, and 0.742% Fe2O3.

3. The composite soilless turf substrate material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The converter slag particles contain 43.75% CaO, 5.81% MgO, and 24.17% Fe2O3.

4. The composite soilless turf substrate material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH of the phosphoric acid solution is 5.0~5.

5.

5. The composite soilless turf substrate material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mushroom residue fiber is oyster mushroom residue fiber, which is used after being composted and decomposed.

6. The composite soilless turf substrate material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amounts of each component, by mass percentage, are as follows: 6% phosphoric acid solution, 30% converter slag particles, 24% blast furnace slag powder and 40% mushroom residue fiber.

7. A method for preparing a composite soilless turf substrate material as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: S1: Mix converter slag particles with phosphoric acid solution, and then use a high-speed mixer to stir at high speed to remove f-CaO on the surface of converter slag particles and reduce alkalinity, forming weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles for later use. S2: The weakly alkaline porous converter slag particles obtained in S1 are further mixed with blast furnace slag powder and mushroom residue fiber under negative pressure and high speed to reduce alkalinity and polymerize and adsorb, forming an integrated composite soilless turf substrate with acid-base neutralization and nutrient activation.

8. The method for preparing the composite soilless turf substrate material according to claim 7, characterized in that, In S1, the high-speed mixer rotates at a speed of 600-800 r / min and the mixing time is 30-45 min.

9. The method for preparing the composite soilless turf substrate material according to claim 7, characterized in that, In S2, the negative pressure condition is -0.05MPa; the high-speed mixing condition is 1000r / min.

10. The application of the composite soilless turf substrate material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the cultivation of bermudagrass plants.

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