Press-fit welding device and system for photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a press-fit welding device and system for a photovoltaic module. The press-fit welding device is used for welding a conductive part and a battery piece and comprises a driving structure, a multi-stage buffer support structure and a welding pickup structure, and the multi-stage buffer support structure can be driven by the driving structure to ascend and descend and comprises a pressing plate, a first buffer mechanism and a second buffer mechanism. The pressing plate is used for pressing the conductive piece when the conductive piece is welded with the battery piece; the first buffering mechanism is arranged above the pressing plate and used for providing primary buffering in the longitudinal direction; the welding pickup structure is arranged on the pressing plate and is used for picking up the conductive piece and welding the conductive piece with the battery piece; and the second buffer mechanism is connected with the pressing plate and the welding pick-up structure and is used for providing secondary buffer in the longitudinal direction, so that the hidden crack or fragmentation risk of the battery piece can be effectively reduced, and the problems of excursion and pseudo soldering of the conductive piece are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a pressure welding apparatus and system for photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] The manufacturing process of photovoltaic modules mainly includes: ribbon welding, lamination, busbar welding, lamination, and framing. Among these, ribbon welding and busbar welding require high precision and strength in the placement of the ribbons and busbars, as well as high welding reliability. In existing technologies, the ribbon welding and busbar welding processes are prone to problems such as microcracks or breakage of the cells due to pressure, or misalignment of the ribbons or busbars and incomplete welds due to placement deviations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a pressure welding apparatus and system for photovoltaic modules. The pressure welding apparatus can automatically weld conductive components (welding strips or busbars) for photovoltaic modules and can effectively solve the problems of welding strip or busbar misalignment and poor welding, as well as cell microcracks and breakage.

[0004] Specifically, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a pressure welding apparatus for photovoltaic modules, comprising: a driving structure, a multi-stage buffer support structure, and a welding pickup structure, wherein... The multi-stage buffer support structure is height-adjustable under the drive of the drive structure and includes a pressing plate, a first buffer mechanism, and a second buffer mechanism. The pressing plate is used to press the conductive component together when the conductive component is welded to the battery cell; The first buffer mechanism is disposed above the pressing plate and is used to provide a first-level buffer in the longitudinal direction; The welding pickup structure is disposed on the pressing plate and is used to pick up the conductive component and weld the conductive component to the battery cell; The second buffer mechanism connects the pressing plate and the welding pickup structure to provide secondary buffering in the longitudinal direction.

[0005] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a pressure welding system for photovoltaic modules, comprising: a pressing device and the pressure welding device provided in the first aspect embodiment, wherein... The pressing device includes: a base plate and a pressure plate. The surface of the base plate facing the pressure plate has an alternating first concave-convex structure; The surface of the pressure plate facing the base plate has an alternating second concave-convex structure, and the first concave-convex structure and the second concave-convex structure are complementary structures. The first concave-convex structure and the second concave-convex structure cooperate to press a conductive component placed between the base plate and the pressure plate to form a plurality of arched structures with intervals, wherein the welding position of the conductive component is located between two adjacent arched structures; The press-welding device is used to pick up the conductive component pressed by the pressing device and weld it to the battery cell.

[0006] The technical solution of the first aspect of the above invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects: The pressing and welding apparatus provided in this invention can buffer the driving force applied by the driving structure through a multi-level buffer support structure. The first and second buffer mechanisms buffer the pressing plate, thus buffering the driving force on the pressing plate in multiple stages. Simultaneously, the second buffer structure buffers the welding pickup structure, further buffering the driving force on the conductive components. This effectively avoids microcracks or fragmentation of the battery cells caused by the driving force of the driving structure. Furthermore, while the pressing plate stabilizes the conductive components and prevents displacement, the welding pickup structure welds the conductive components to the battery cells, achieving precise welding and reducing the risk of incomplete soldering and desoldering between the conductive components and the battery cells. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a front view of a pressure welding apparatus for conductive parts of a photovoltaic module provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a pressure welding device for conductive parts of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure and a partially enlarged view of the pressure welding device for conductive parts of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure and a partially enlarged view of the pressure welding device for conductive parts of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the relative positional relationship between the pressing plate, the support frame, the second elastic component, the third elastic component, the welding component, and the fixing component according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram illustrating the relative positional relationship between the support frame and the welded components according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the relative positional relationship between the pressure welding device for conductive parts of a photovoltaic module and the battery string, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8This is a top view of a pressing and welding apparatus placed on a battery string according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the relative relationship between the battery string and the insulating pad according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating pad with the first structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insulating pad with the second structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the pressing device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a planar structure and a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the pressing device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the relative positional relationship between the welding support plate and the battery string placed on it, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0008] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 10-Drive structure; 20-Multi-level buffer support structure; 21-Pressing plate; 211-Receiving cavity; 212-Support frame; 213-Plate body; 22-First buffer mechanism; 23-Second buffer mechanism; 221-First guide support plate; 222-Fixed support plate; 223-Guide rod; 224-First elastic component; 225-Second guide support plate; 226-L-shaped limiting component; 2261-Longitudinal assembly part; 2262-Transverse blocking part; 23-Second buffer mechanism; 231-Second elastic component; 232-Third elastic component; 70-Welding pickup structure; 71-Welding component; 72-Fixing component; 30-Pressing device; 31-Base plate; 311-Groove; 32-Pressing plate; 321-Protrusion; 40-Welding support plate; 41-Welding groove; C-Busbar; 50-Battery string; 60-Insulating gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0009] Whether using solder ribbons to connect solar cells or welding busbar C to the solder ribbons of the end cells in a solar cell string (specifically, placing busbar C on the back of the end cells), the welding machines used in existing photovoltaic module manufacturing processes directly apply pressure to the solar cells. This can easily cause microcracks or fragmentation of the solar cells, resulting in low yield rates for photovoltaic modules. Furthermore, uneven welding pressure can easily lead to incomplete welds and ineffective release of welding thermal stress, affecting weld strength. To address these problems in existing photovoltaic module manufacturing processes, this invention provides a pressure welding apparatus and system applicable to photovoltaic module manufacturing processes. Specifically, this pressure welding apparatus and system are suitable for the welding process of conductive components (solder ribbons or busbar C) in photovoltaic module manufacturing.

[0010] The conductive components of the photovoltaic modules involved in this invention can be solder ribbons for connecting cells in series to form a cell string, or busbars C connected to solder ribbons on the end cells of the cell string. The solder ribbons can be solder ribbons connected to the main grid of the cell or solder ribbons connected to the fine grid of the cell; the busbars C can be located on the back side of the end cells or in the extension direction of the cell string. Optionally, the pressing and welding device provided in this invention is mainly used to press the busbars C onto the back side of the end cells of the cell string and weld the busbars C to the solder ribbons of the end cells. It is worth noting that the front side of a structure (such as a cell, cell string, etc.) involved in this invention generally refers to the surface of the structure facing sunlight during the operation of the photovoltaic module, and the back side of a structure (such as a cell, cell string, etc.) generally refers to the surface of the structure facing away from sunlight during the operation of the photovoltaic module.

[0011] The buffer driving force or buffer pressure involved in the embodiments of the present invention generally refers to the fact that after the driving party (such as the multi-level buffer support structure 20) is subjected to the driving force applied by the driving structure 10, the driving party (such as the multi-level buffer support structure 20) releases the driving force continuously and slowly over a period of time due to the presence of elastic components, rather than releasing all the driving force received instantaneously. That is, compared with the instantaneous driving force output by the driving structure 10, the buffer pressure on the conductive component or battery cell is significantly reduced and can be sustained for a certain period of time. In other words, the multi-level buffer support structure 20 involved in the embodiments of the present invention stores the driving force by means of the elastic deformation of the elastic components. It can provide a smaller driving force to the conductive component and can release the driving force slowly (i.e., prolong the release time of the driving force), thereby reducing the pressure on the conductive component while maintaining the pressure on the conductive component for a certain period of time.

[0012] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" and "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. For example, the first guide support plate 221 generally refers to a support plate connected to the moving end of the drive structure 10 and capable of moving relative to the fixed support plate 222; the second guide support plate 225 generally serves a guiding and supporting function; the fixed support plate 222 generally refers to a support plate fixedly connected to the external fixed support frame and the fixed end of the drive structure 10 and kept fixed relative to the external fixed support frame, used in this application to fix and support the fixed end of the drive structure 10. For example, the first elastic component 224 generally refers to the elastic component located between the first guide support plate 221 and the pressing plate 21; the second elastic component 231 generally refers to the elastic component located between the fixed component 72 and the pressing plate 21; and the third elastic component 232 generally refers to the elastic component located between the welding component 71 and the pressing plate 21.

[0013] It is worth noting that, in the process of pressing and welding conductive components to battery cells or battery strings using a pressure welding device, the direction of the structure toward the battery cells or battery strings is considered downward, and the direction of the structure away from the battery cells or battery strings is considered upward, with reference to the battery cells or battery strings.

[0014] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the pressure welding device for photovoltaic modules provided in this embodiment of the invention may include: a driving structure 10, a multi-level buffer support structure 20, and a welding pickup structure 70.

[0015] More specifically, the drive structure 10 provides a driving force to displace certain components in the multi-stage buffer support structure 20. The drive structure 10 in this embodiment is generally a linear drive mechanism, converting pressure energy (pneumatic / hydraulic) into linear motion to displace certain components in the multi-stage buffer support structure 20. It also cooperates with the multi-stage buffer support structure 20 to apply buffer pressure in the longitudinal direction to conductive components placed on the battery cells or battery strings. Preferably, the drive structure 10 in this embodiment is a pneumatic drive structure, generally including a cylinder and a piston rod. By inputting compressed gas into the cylinder, the piston rod extends out of the cylinder to displace certain components of the multi-stage buffer support structure 20 (such as the pressing plate 21 and the first guide support plate 221 of the first buffer mechanism 22). The pneumatic drive structure including the cylinder and piston rod can generally be selected from existing gas drive structures as needed; its working principle will not be elaborated here.

[0016] More specifically, the multi-stage buffer support structure 20 can be raised and lowered under the drive of the drive structure 10, and the multi-stage buffer support structure 20 may include: a pressing plate 21, a first buffer mechanism 22, and a second buffer mechanism 23. The pressing plate 21 is used to press the conductive component when welding the conductive component to the battery cell. The first buffer mechanism 22 is disposed above the pressing plate 21 and is used to provide a first-level buffer in the longitudinal direction. Specifically, it is used to buffer the pressing plate 21 in the longitudinal direction when the pressing plate 21 presses the guide component. The welding pickup structure 70 is disposed on the pressing plate 21 and is used to pick up the conductive component and weld the conductive component to the battery cell. The second buffer mechanism 23 connects the pressing plate 21 and the welding pickup structure 70 and is used to provide a second-level buffer in the longitudinal direction. Specifically, it is used to buffer the conductive component in the longitudinal direction when picking up the conductive component, or to buffer the pressing plate 21 and the welding pickup structure 70 in the longitudinal direction when welding the conductive component to the battery cell, thereby buffering the conductive component and the battery cell in the longitudinal direction.

[0017] Specifically, for the pressing plate 21, a rubber layer can be provided on the side of the pressing plate 21 facing the conductive component to further buffer the pressure and reduce the risk of microcracks or cracks in the battery cell. Additionally, when the conductive component is a solder strip, the length of the pressing plate 21 is generally greater than or equal to the length of a section of the solder strip on a single battery cell. When the conductive component is a busbar C, the length of the pressing plate 21 is generally greater than or equal to the length of the busbar C.

[0018] Regarding the multi-level buffer support structure 20, the process of achieving multi-level buffering is as follows: the driving structure 10 applies a driving force to the multi-level buffer support structure 20 in the direction of the battery cell. During the process of driving the multi-level buffer support structure 20 to move in the direction of the battery cell, the first buffer mechanism 22 can provide a first-level buffer in the longitudinal direction, and the second buffer mechanism 23 can provide a second-level buffer in the longitudinal direction. Specifically, for the pressing plate 21, the first buffer mechanism 22 buffers the driving force transmitted to the pressing plate 21, that is, the first buffer mechanism 22 provides a first-level buffer for the pressing plate 21. When the pressing plate 21 is pressed onto the battery cell, the second buffer mechanism 23 applies a force to the pressing plate 21 away from the direction of the battery cell (that is, the direction of the force applied by the second buffer mechanism 23 to the pressing plate 21 is opposite to the direction of the driving force transmitted to the pressing plate 21), further reducing the driving force on the pressing plate 21. The second buffer mechanism 23 provides a second-level buffer for the pressing plate 21. Therefore, the first buffer mechanism 22 and the second buffer mechanism 23 cooperate to provide multi-level buffering for the pressing plate 21, thereby effectively buffering the pressure applied by the pressing plate 21 to the conductive parts and the battery cell. Furthermore, for the welding pickup structure 70, the first buffer mechanism 23 provides primary buffering to the pressing plate 21, indirectly reducing the pressure of the pressing plate 21 on the welding pickup structure 70, thus indirectly providing primary buffering for the welding pickup structure 70. The second buffer mechanism 23 connects the pressing plate 21 and the welding pickup structure 70, providing secondary buffering for the welding pickup structure 70. When the welding pickup structure 70 picks up the conductive component and welds the conductive component to the battery cell, it provides buffering in the longitudinal direction for the welding pickup structure 70, further reducing the pressure applied to the conductive component and the battery cell. Therefore, the first buffer mechanism 22 and the second buffer mechanism 23 can reduce the pressure on the battery cell and conductive component through multi-stage buffering, avoiding cell cracking and fragmentation.

[0019] It is worth noting that, when the conductive component is a solder strip, it is generally placed at the fine grid or main grid position of the battery cell. When the conductive component is a busbar C, it is generally placed in the extension direction of the battery string or on the back of the end battery cell of the battery string. For example, as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the conductive component is busbar C, which is placed on the back of the end cells of the battery string.

[0020] Therefore, the pressing and welding apparatus provided in this embodiment of the invention can buffer the driving force applied by the driving structure 10 through the multi-level buffer support structure 20, and buffer the pressing plate 21 and the welding pickup structure 70 through the first buffer mechanism 22 and the second buffer mechanism 23, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of microcracks or fragments of the battery cell caused by the driving force of the driving structure 10. Furthermore, while the pressing plate 21 can stabilize the conductive component and prevent the conductive component from shifting, the welding pickup structure 70 can weld the conductive component to the battery cell, achieving precise welding and reducing the risk of poor soldering and desoldering between the conductive component and the battery cell.

[0021] In addition, the pressing and welding device provided in this embodiment of the invention makes the process of welding conductive parts (welding strips or busbars C) into battery strings simple and reliable. The pressing and welding process can be operated on single or multiple battery strings, is stable and durable, and improves efficiency and reduces costs.

[0022] More specifically, in embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the first buffer mechanism 22 may include: a first guide support plate 221 and a plurality of first elastic components 224. The first guide support plate 221 is located above the pressing plate 21 and is connected to the output end of the drive structure 10. Each first elastic component 224 is arranged longitudinally and one end is fixedly connected to the first guide support plate 221, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressing plate 21. Driven by the driving force output by the driving structure 10, the first guide support plate 221 moves longitudinally (i.e., moves up and down) and transmits the driving force to the pressing plate 21 through each first elastic component 224. Each first elastic component 224 can buffer the driving force transmitted to the pressing plate 21. Compared with the driving force received by the first guide support plate 221 and the driving force transmitted by the first guide support plate 221 to each first elastic component 224, the driving force transmitted by each first elastic component 224 to the pressing plate 21 is buffered. That is, the instantaneous driving force transmitted by each first elastic component 224 to the pressing plate 21 is greatly reduced, and the time for the pressing plate 21 to receive a small driving force is extended. In other words, the first guide support plate 221 and multiple first elastic components 224 cooperate to make the pressing plate 21 receive a continuous and balanced small driving force. This allows the pressing plate 21 to apply a continuous and balanced small pressure to the conductive component and the battery cell, ensuring that the battery cell is subjected to balanced force, ensuring stable contact between the conductive component and the battery cell, and preventing displacement of the conductive component. The welding pickup structure 70 is connected to the pressure plate 21. The first elastic member 21 buffers the pressure on the pressure plate 21, which can indirectly buffer the pressure on the welding pickup structure 70. Specifically, the first guide support plate 221 extends in the same direction as the pressure plate 21, and a plurality of first elastic members 224 are arranged at intervals along the extending directions of the first guide support plate 221 and the pressure plate 21 to uniformly buffer the pressure on the pressure plate 21.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the first buffer mechanism 22 may further include: a fixed support plate 222 and a plurality of guide rods 223. The fixed support plate 222 is fixedly disposed above the first guide support plate 221, and the drive structure 10 is disposed on the fixed support plate 222. Each guide rod 223 is arranged longitudinally and is fixedly connected to the first guide support plate 221 and can be raised and lowered relative to the fixed support plate 222.

[0024] Specifically, by fixing the fixed support plate 222 to the external fixed support frame (not shown in the figure), the fixed support plate 222 can be relatively fixed and play a supporting role, thereby fixing the fixed end of the drive structure 10. During the output of driving force by the drive structure 10, the moving end of the drive structure 10 is displaced, thereby driving the first guide support plate 221 to move. The guide rod 223 moves with the first guide support plate 221. It can be understood that the guide rod 223 is mainly used to constrain the displacement direction of the first guide support plate 221, so that the first guide support plate 221 is evenly displaced along the length direction of the guide rod 223 in the extension direction, avoiding the shaking of the first guide support plate 221, so that the pressing plate 21 can accurately press the conductive parts to the specific position of the battery cell or battery string. By cooperating with the fixed support plate 222 and multiple guide rods 223, the displacement of the first guide support plate 221 can be effectively controlled, while guiding the first guide support plate 221 to move evenly along the longitudinal direction in the extension direction. This avoids lateral displacement and swaying of the first guide support plate 221 during the displacement process, thereby improving the reliability of the positioning of the conductive component on the battery cell. For example, if the drive structure 10 is a pneumatic drive structure, the cylinder end of the pneumatic drive structure can be fixedly connected to the fixed support plate 222; the piston rod end of the pneumatic drive structure can be fixedly connected to the first guide support plate 221.

[0025] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 7As shown, the first buffer structure 22 further includes: a second guide support plate 225, which is disposed above the fixed support plate 222; the lower end of each guide rod 223 is fixedly connected to the first guide support plate 221, and the upper end passes longitudinally through the fixed support plate 222 and is fixedly connected to the second guide support plate 225. It is worth noting that although the guide rods 223 pass through the fixed support plate 222, they can move relative to the fixed support plate 222. Through the cooperation of the second guide support plate 225 and each guide rod 223, the first guide support plate 221 can be further guided to move longitudinally, preventing the first guide support plate 221 from shifting or swaying laterally. In addition, the fixed end of the drive structure 10 can also contact the fixed support plate 222. It should be noted that although the fixed support plate 222 can move longitudinally relative to the fixed end of the drive structure 10 under the traction of the guide rod 223, the fixed support plate 222 provides support for the drive structure 10 through the contact between the fixed end of the drive structure 10 and the fixed support plate 222, further stabilizing and supporting the drive structure 10, ensuring the structural stability of the pressing and welding device, and reducing the risk of the drive structure 10 shaking.

[0026] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the first buffer mechanism 22 may further include an L-shaped limiting component 226. The L-shaped limiting component 226 includes a longitudinal assembly portion 2261 and a transverse blocking portion 2262. The transverse blocking portion 2262 is vertically connected to the longitudinal assembly portion 2261, thus forming an L-shape. The upper end of the longitudinal assembly portion 2261 is fixedly connected to the fixed support plate 222. The transverse blocking portion 2261 is located below the first guide support plate 221 and above the pressing plate 21, and is used to limit the downward movement space of the first guide support plate 221.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the longitudinal assembly portion 2261 is provided with a guide groove extending in the vertical direction. Any position of the guide groove can be fixedly connected to the fixed support plate 222 via an assembly fitting to adjust the distance between the transverse blocking portion 2262 and the fixed support plate 222. Specifically, as... Figure 1 The distance between the transverse blocking part 2262 and the fixed support plate 222 is marked as D1. In the original state, the distance between the first guide support plate 221 and the fixed support plate 222 is fixed. By adjusting the distance D1 between the transverse blocking part 2262 and the fixed support plate 222, the downward movement space D2 of the first guide support plate 221 is adjusted. Figure 2As shown, the longitudinal assembly portion 2261 of the L-shaped limiting component 226 is provided with two guide grooves extending in the vertical direction. The side of the fixed support plate 222 is provided with assembly holes corresponding to these guide grooves. By passing fittings (such as screws, pins, etc.) through the guide grooves and installing them into the assembly holes, the L-shaped limiting component 226 is fixed to the fixed support plate 222. By adjusting the assembly position of the longitudinal assembly portion 2261 and the fixed support plate 222, the L-shaped limiting component 226 moves downward, increasing the distance D1 between the transverse blocking portion 2262 and the fixed support plate 222, thereby increasing the downward movement space D2 of the first guide support plate 221. By adjusting the assembly position of the longitudinal assembly portion 2261 and the fixed support plate 222, the L-shaped limiting component 226 moves upward, decreasing the distance D1 between the transverse blocking portion 2262 and the fixed support plate 222, thereby decreasing the downward movement space D2 of the first guide support plate 221. The L-shaped limiting component 226 constrains the downward movement space of the first guide support plate 221, thereby constraining the downward movement space of the pressing plate 21. This constrains the buffer driving force applied by the pressing plate 21 to the conductive component, thereby further reducing the pressure on the battery cell and further reducing the risk of the battery cell cracking or microcracks.

[0028] Furthermore, based on the structure provided in any of the above embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the pressing plate 21 provided in this embodiment of the invention may include a plate body 213, at least one receiving cavity 211, and multiple support frames 212. The receiving cavity 211 extends vertically through the plate body 213. The length direction of the receiving cavity 211 is consistent with the length direction of the plate body 213, and the width direction of the receiving cavity 211 is consistent with the width direction of the plate body 213 and is smaller than the width of the plate body 213. Each support frame 212 is disposed on the body 213 and spans the receiving cavity 211. One end of the second buffer mechanism 23 is connected to the support frame 212, and the other end passes through the receiving cavity 211 and is connected to the welding pickup structure 70. When the second buffer mechanism 23 is not under force, the welding pickup structure 70 at least protrudes from the lower surface of the plate body 213. When the second buffer mechanism 23 is under force, the welding pickup structure 70 is at least partially located in the receiving cavity 211 so as to be flush with the lower surface of the plate body 213.

[0029] The extension of the welding pickup structure 70 out of the receiving cavity 211 generally refers to the following: when the second buffer mechanism 23 is not under force or under relatively small force, the welding pickup structure 70 extends out of the receiving cavity 211; when the second buffer mechanism 23 is under force and contracts, the welding pickup structure 70 can retract into its corresponding receiving cavity 211, and the pressing plate 21 contacts the conductive component, thereby making the buffer pressure on each position of the conductive component more uniform. That is, in the initial state, when the welding pickup structure 70 fixes the conductive component, the pressing plate 21 will not contact the conductive component, so that the welding pickup structure 70 can accurately position the conductive component and place it in a more precise position, and make it convenient for the user to observe the placement of the conductive component. Subsequently, as the buffer pressure increases, the welding pickup structure 70 retracts into the receiving cavity 211, so that the pressing plate 21 can apply a more balanced buffer pressure to each position of the conductive component, which is the basis for the reliable electrical connection between the conductive component (welding strip or busbar C) and the battery cell.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, there are generally multiple receiving cavities 211. Each receiving cavity 211 is spaced apart along the length of the pressing plate 21, and the connection position of the first elastic member 224 to the pressing plate 21 is located between two adjacent receiving cavities 211.

[0031] In addition, each support frame 212 is detachably connected to the main body 213, making the position of the support frame 211 adjustable. By adjusting the position of multiple support frames 211, the position of the support frames 211 can be adjusted according to the requirements of different types of solar cells, so that the pressing and welding device can meet the structural requirements of different types of solar cells.

[0032] More specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the welding pickup structure 70 may include multiple welding components 71 and multiple fixing components 72. The conductive element has a welding area and a fixing area. The welding components 71 correspond to the welding area, and the fixing components 72 correspond to the fixing area. Each fixing component 72 is used to fix and pick up the conductive element, and each welding component 71 is used to weld the conductive element. For example, when the conductive element is a solder strip, the welding area of ​​the conductive element generally corresponds to the welding position of the battery cell. This welding position can be a solder pad position, or it can be multiple positions distributed on each fine grid or each main grid of the battery cell. As another example, when the conductive element is a busbar C, the welding area of ​​the conductive element generally corresponds to the welding position of the busbar C in the battery string. This welding position of the busbar C is generally the position on each solder strip on the end battery cell of the battery string used for welding the busbar C.

[0033] The pressing and welding device provided in this embodiment of the invention can first move the conductive component placed in other positions to a specific position of the battery cell or battery string through the fixing component 72, and then drive the multi-level buffer support structure 20 through the driving structure 10 to move the pressing plate 21 towards the battery cell or battery string. The conductive component fixed by the welding pickup structure 70 first contacts the battery cell or battery string, and as the driving structure 10 drives the multi-level buffer support structure 20 to descend further, the buffer pressure increases, causing the fixing component 72 to retract into the receiving cavity 211, and the pressing plate 21 to contact the conductive component and uniformly apply buffer pressure to the conductive component. In this process, the multi-level buffer support structure 20 buffers the pressure on the battery cell and the conductive component, the welding pickup structure 70 fixes the relative position between the conductive component and the battery cell, and multiple welding components 71 weld the conductive component to the battery cell or battery string.

[0034] More specifically, based on the aforementioned welding pickup structure 70, which includes multiple welding components 71 and multiple fixing components 72, as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the second buffer mechanism 23 may include a second elastic component 231 and a third elastic component 232. One end of the second elastic component 231 is connected to the support frame 212, and the other end is connected to the fixing component 72. One end of the third elastic component 232 is connected to the support frame 212, and the other end is connected to the welding component 71. That is, during the movement of the pressing plate 21 toward the battery cell, the conductive component contacts the battery cell, and the welding component 71 and the fixing component 72 interact with the conductive component, causing the second elastic component 231 and the third elastic component 232 to contract. This causes the welding component 71 and the fixing component 72 to contract toward their corresponding receiving cavity 211 to absorb part of the impact energy, reducing the instantaneous pressure of the fixing component 72 on the conductive component and the instantaneous pressure of the welding component 71 on the battery cell. The upper ends of the second elastic component 231 and the third elastic component 232 are connected to the support frame 212. When they contract and deform upwards, they can provide an upward elastic force to the support frame 212, which in turn generates an upward elastic force on the plate 213, further reducing the pressure of the plate 213 on the battery cell. It is worth noting that the retraction of the welding component 71 into the receiving cavity 211 generally refers to the partial retraction of the welding component 23. The end of the welding component 71 that is close to the conductive element can always maintain contact with the conductive element and can embed the grid lines or solder strips of the battery cell into the groove structure of the welding component 71.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, the welding area has multiple welding sites, each welding site having two welding components 71. Each welding component 71 is connected to a third elastic component 232. Along the width of the receiving cavity 211, the two welding components 71 and the two third elastic components 232 are fixedly connected side-by-side to the same support frame 212. This structure, which allows two welding components 71 to correspond to a single welding position, improves the heat conduction efficiency of the welding process, provides more reliable welding for conductive components, reduces the problem of incomplete soldering, and increases the yield of photovoltaic modules.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the fixing area has multiple fixing points, each fixing point being provided with a fixing component 72. Exemplarily, there are two fixing points, located at opposite ends of the conductive component along its length. Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, along the length of the pressing plate 21, the support frames 211 at both ends are fixedly connected to one end of a second elastic member 231, so that the fixing members 72 are respectively disposed at both ends of the pressing plate 21 along its length.

[0037] Understandably, apart from the support frame 211 connected to the second elastic member 231, the other support frames 211 are fixedly connected to one end of the two side-by-side third elastic members 232.

[0038] More specifically, the end of the welding component 71 facing the conductive element has a lower surface that matches the shape of the solder strip, so that the lower end of the welding component 71 can wrap around the solder strip, thereby reliably welding the conductive element to the solder strip. For example, the end of the welding component 71 facing the conductive element is a groove structure. When the conductive element is a solder strip, the grid lines or pads of the battery cell are embedded in this groove structure, allowing the sides of the grid lines or pads to also form an electrical connection with the solder strip. When the conductive element is a busbar C, during the pressing process of the pressing plate 21, the solder strip of the battery cell connected to the busbar C is embedded in this groove structure, completely wrapping the solder strip, so that the busbar C and the solder strip form a reliable electrical connection, and reducing the pressure of the welding component 71 on the battery cell. Figure 6The diagram shows the case where the conductive component is a busbar C, and the groove structure at the lower end of the welding component 71 matches the solder strip perpendicular to the extension direction of the pressing plate 21. For the case where the conductive component is a solder strip, the welding component 71 needs to be rotated 90° so that the groove structure at the lower end of the welding component 71 matches the solder strip parallel to the extension direction of the pressing plate 21. The structure of the welding component 71 provided in this embodiment of the invention, and the structure of the elastic connection between the welding component 71 and the pressing plate 21, along with the fact that the end of the welding component 71 facing the conductive component has a lower surface that matches the shape of the solder strip, can effectively improve the reliability of the electrical connection and reduce the pressure of the welding component 71 on the battery cell, thereby further reducing the risk of battery cell cracking or microcracks. It is worth noting that the welding component 71 uses conventional welding methods to weld the conductive component to the battery cell; the welding process of the welding component 71 will not be described in detail here. It is also worth noting that, in addition to the elastic connection structure between the welding component 71 and the pressing plate 21 described above, the welding component 71 and the pressing plate 21 can also be fixedly connected.

[0039] The fixing component 72 can be a vacuum nozzle. When the vacuum nozzle comes into contact with the surface of the conductive component, most of the air between the vacuum nozzle and the surface of the conductive component is removed by a vacuum pump, so that the vacuum nozzle is adsorbed on the surface of the conductive component, thereby fixing the vacuum nozzle and the conductive component relatively.

[0040] It is worth noting that, Figures 1 to 8 An exemplary illustration shows a scenario where a pressure welding apparatus is used to weld a busbar C to a battery string. In this scenario, multiple fixing components 72 and multiple welding components 71 are generally arranged in the same row. Figures 1 to 5 and Figure 7 As exemplarily shown, there are two fixing components 72, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the pressing plate 21 along its length, for fixing both ends of the busbar C. More fixing components 72 can also be provided at other locations. Furthermore, for scenarios where the pressure welding device is used to weld the busbar C to the battery string, the pressure welding device can be used to weld the busbar C on the front side of the battery cell, or to fold the busbar C and weld it on the back side of the battery cell. It can be used for welding the busbar C to all solder strips of the same polarity, or for welding the busbar C to only a portion of the solder strips. For partial solder strip welding, i.e., welding only a portion of the solder strip to the busbar, deformation caused by excessively high temperatures of the busbar C can be avoided.

[0041] It should be noted that, for the scenario where the pressure welding device is used to weld the solder strip to the battery cell, the pressing plate 21 can cover the entire battery cell. Multiple fixing components 72 and multiple welding components 71 are arranged in multiple rows, with multiple fixing components 72 and multiple welding components 71 arranged simultaneously in each row. Preferably, in each row, fixing components 72 are arranged at both ends, and multiple welding components 71 are distributed between the fixing components 72 at both ends. The multiple rows of fixing components 72 and welding components 71 correspond one-to-one with the main grid or fine grid of the battery cell. Furthermore, the working principle of the pressure welding device is basically the same regardless of whether it is used for welding the solder strip to the battery cell or for welding the busbar C to the battery string. Therefore, the following explanation will mainly focus on the scenario where the pressure welding device is used for welding the busbar C to the battery string, to illustrate the structure and working principle of the pressure welding device. Based on this, those skilled in the art can understand the scenario where the pressure welding device is used for welding the solder strip to the battery cell.

[0042] The battery strings involved in the embodiments of the present invention can be battery strings formed by positive solar cells, battery strings formed by half-cells, or battery strings formed by multiple cells, etc.

[0043] In summary, the core of the multi-level buffering structure for the first buffer mechanism 22, which includes multiple first elastic components 224, and the second buffer mechanism 23, which includes multiple second elastic components 231 and multiple third elastic components 232, is that the multiple first elastic components 224 cooperate with the multiple second elastic components 231 and multiple third elastic components 232. That is, during the movement of the first guide support plate 221 toward the battery cell or battery string, the multiple first elastic components 224 are compressed, so that the driving force reaching the pressing plate 21 or the pressure on the pressing plate 21 is initially buffered. After the pressing plate 21 is buffered by the driving force, the multiple second elastic components 231 and multiple third elastic components 232 contract, further buffering the pressure applied to the battery cell. In addition, after the pressing plate 21 contacts the conductive element, while the pressing plate 21 applies a buffer driving force toward the conductive element towards the battery cell, the multiple contracted second elastic members 231 and multiple third elastic members 232 tend to return to their normal state, thus applying a force away from the battery cell direction to the pressing plate 21. This reduces the buffer driving force applied by the pressing plate 21 toward the battery cell direction, further reducing the pressure on the conductive element and thereby further reducing the risk of the battery cell cracking or microcracks.

[0044] It is worth noting that, for scenarios where the press-welding device is used to weld solder strips onto battery cells, the receiving cavity 211 can have multiple rows, with each row having multiple receiving cavities 211 spaced apart. The above description of the relative relationships between the receiving cavity 211, support frame 212, second elastic member 231, third elastic member 232, fixing member 72, and welding member 71 is based on a single row of multiple receiving cavities 211 spaced apart. Based on this, the arrangement of the support frame 212, second elastic member 231, third elastic member 232, fixing member 72, and welding member 71, and their relationships with each row of multiple receiving cavities 211, can be understood. For scenarios where the press-welding device is used to weld busbars C onto battery strings, the receiving cavity 211 generally has only one row.

[0045] The following example, using a press-welding device to press-weld busbar C to the back of the end cell of battery string 50, illustrates the working principle of the press-welding device in detail. Specifically, depending on the shape of the end cell, an insulating pad 60 of a certain shape can be placed on the back of the end cell, such as... Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, for bifacial solar cells, the insulating pad 60 can have a through groove; for back-contact solar cells, the structure of the insulating pad 60 can be as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the insulating pad 60 has through grooves extending through its thickness at the positions of the solder strips of the same polarity, allowing the busbar C to be welded to the solder strips on the end cell via these through grooves or slots in the insulating pad 60. Based on laying the insulating pad 60 on the back of the end cell, as... Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, after the fixing component 72 of the pressing and welding device fixes (e.g., adsorbs) the busbar C, the busbar C is placed above the insulating pad 60. The first guide support plate 221 of the multi-stage buffer support structure 20 is driven by the drive structure 10 to move towards the end battery cell. During this process, multiple guide rods 223 guide the first guide support plate 221 to move downward, and multiple first elastic components 224 buffer the pressure applied by the first guide support plate 221 to the pressing plate 21. This allows the pressing plate 21 to move downward while applying a relatively small and controllable pressure to the busbar C and the end battery cell. At the same time, the second elastic component 231 contracts, causing the fixing component 72 to contract, and the third elastic component 232 contracts, causing the welding component 71 to contract. This allows the pressing plate 21 to apply a relatively balanced pressure to various positions of the busbar C, avoiding pressure concentration. In addition, the second elastic component 231 and the third elastic component 232 can also apply a force away from the end battery cell to the pressing plate 21, further reducing the pressure applied by the pressing plate 21 to the end battery cell. Furthermore, during the pressing process of the pressing plate 21, the contraction process of the third elastic component 232 enables the welding component 71 to maintain contact with the welding strip C and the welding strip of the end battery cell, thereby welding the busbar C to the corresponding welding strip.

[0046] It is worth noting that the first elastic component 224, the second elastic component 231 and the third elastic component 232 mentioned above can be selected with guide rod springs to better limit and guide the extension and retraction direction.

[0047] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention provide a pressure welding system for photovoltaic modules, which may include: a pressing device 30 and a pressure welding device provided in any of the above embodiments, wherein, as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the pressing device 30 may include: a base plate 31 and a pressure plate 32. The surface of the base plate 31 facing the pressure plate 32 has alternating first concave-convex structures; the surface of the pressure plate 32 facing the base plate 31 has alternating second concave-convex structures, and the first and second concave-convex structures are complementary structures. The first and second concave-convex structures cooperate to press a conductive component placed between the base plate 31 and the pressure plate 32 to form a spaced arched structure, and the welding position of the conductive component is located between two adjacent arched structures. The pressing and welding device provided in any of the above embodiments is used to pick up the conductive component pressed by the pressing device 30 and weld it to the battery cell.

[0048] The alternating first concave-convex structure refers to the alternating arrangement of grooves 311 and protrusions in the extending direction of the base plate 31, such as the alternating sequence of groove 311-protrusion-groove 311-protrusion-… or the alternating sequence of protrusion-groove 311-protrusion-groove 311-…. Correspondingly, the alternating second concave-convex structure refers to the alternating arrangement of grooves and protrusions 321 in the extending direction of the pressure plate 32. If the alternating sequence of the first concave-convex structure is groove 311-protrusion-groove 311-protrusion-…, then the alternating sequence of the second concave-convex structure is protrusion 321-groove-protrusion 321-groove-…; if the alternating sequence of the first concave-convex structure is protrusion-groove 311-protrusion-groove 311-…, then the alternating sequence of the second concave-convex structure is groove-protrusion 321-groove-protrusion 321-…. That is, the grooves of the first concave-convex structure correspond to the protrusions of the second concave-convex structure, forming an intermittent arched structure on the conductive element. Understandably, the protrusions and grooves 311 of the first concave-convex structure are relative definitions. That is, the protrusions of the first concave-convex structure are relative to the grooves 311 on the base plate 31, while the grooves 311 are relative to the protrusions on the base plate 31. Correspondingly, the protrusions 321 and grooves of the second concave-convex structure are also relative definitions. That is, the protrusions 321 of the second concave-convex structure are relative to the grooves on the pressure plate 32, while the grooves are relative to the protrusions 321 on the pressure plate 32. The first concave-convex structure can be formed by spaced grooves 311 on a flat surface of the base plate 31, with the un-grooved areas being protrusions. Alternatively, the first concave-convex structure can be formed by spaced protrusions on a flat surface of the base plate 31, with the un-grooved areas being grooves 311. The same applies to the second concave-convex structure on the pressure plate 32, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0049] Generally, when conductive components (solder strips or busbars C) are welded to battery cells, they are prone to deformation due to thermal expansion and contraction during the high-temperature welding and cooling processes. This deformation generates shrinkage stress on the battery cell or the solder strips on the battery cell, which can easily cause the battery cell to warp or the solder strips to shift. In the system provided in this embodiment of the invention, the pressing device 30 can form an arched structure with intervals between the conductive components, so that the welding position of the conductive components is located between two adjacent arched structures. The arched structure provides a surplus for the shrinkage of the conductive components, so that the conductive components have a certain shrinkable space. Therefore, the arched structure can reduce the problem of battery cell warping or deformation caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the conductive components.

[0050] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned pressure welding system, such as Figure 14As shown, the pressure welding system may further include: a welding support plate 40 having a welding groove 41, the welding support plate 40 being used to place the battery string 50, wherein the welding strips or battery cell metal electrodes of the battery string 50 facing the welding support plate 40 are placed in the welding groove 41. For example, if the conductive element is a busbar C disposed on the back of the battery cell at the end of the battery string 50, then the welding strips of the battery string 50 facing the welding support plate 40 are the welding strips on the front of the battery string; or, for example, if the conductive element is a welding strip disposed on the front of the battery cell in the battery string 50, then the welding strips or battery cell metal electrodes of the battery string 50 facing the welding support plate 40 are the welding strips or battery cell metal electrodes on the back of the battery string 50; and if the conductive element is a welding strip disposed on the back of the battery cell in the battery string 50, then the welding strips or battery cell metal electrodes of the battery string 50 facing the welding support plate 40 are the welding strips or battery cell metal electrodes on the front of the battery string 50.

[0051] The welding support plate 40 cooperates with the above-mentioned pressing and welding device. When the pressing and welding device presses down on the conductive component, on the one hand, the reverse force generated by the part of the battery string 50 that contacts the conductive component can be evenly dispersed by the welding groove 41; on the other hand, it can eliminate the stress concentration caused by the welding strip or battery cell metal electrode of the battery string 50 facing the welding support plate 40.

[0052] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned pressure welding system, the pressure welding system may further include a vacuum adsorption device (not shown in the figure), wherein the vacuum adsorption device is used to grip the battery string 50 and suspend and fix the battery string 50. Therefore, the pressure welding system and pressure welding device for conductive parts of photovoltaic modules provided in this embodiment of the invention can be applied to suspended flexible welding, or it can be used in conjunction with the welding support plate 40 for base plate pressure equalization welding.

[0053] Specifically, for suspended flexible welding, the aforementioned pressure welding device can be used in conjunction with a vacuum adsorption device (not shown in the figure). The vacuum adsorption device grips the battery string 50, and multi-stage buffer pressure is performed while the battery string 50 is suspended to release welding stress. This vacuum adsorption device (not shown in the figure) can directly use the vacuum adsorption device commonly used in existing photovoltaic module manufacturing processes for gripping battery strings; the structure of the vacuum adsorption device is not limited here.

[0054] For pressure welding of the base plate, the aforementioned pressure welding device can be used with... Figure 14 The welding support plate 40 shown is used in conjunction with the welding groove 41 provided on the welding support plate 40 to disperse the reaction force of the battery cell on the conductive parts and eliminate the stress concentration caused by the welding strip or metal electrode of the battery cell facing the welding support plate 40 of the battery string 50.

[0055] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention provide a press-fit welding method for conductive components used in photovoltaic modules. This press-fit welding method may include: Step A1: Using the welding pick-up structure 70 of the pressing and welding apparatus provided in any of the above embodiments, place the conductive component at a specific position on the battery cell or battery string and secure the conductive component.

[0056] Step A2: The driving structure 10 of the pressing and welding device applies a buffer driving force toward the conductive component to the pressing plate 21 of the pressing and welding device, so that the pressing plate 21 presses the conductive component in a specific position.

[0057] Step A3: The conductive components are welded to the battery cells or battery strings using the welding pick-up structure 70 of the pressure welding device.

[0058] By welding conductive components to battery strings or cells using the aforementioned pressure welding device, the risk of microcracks or cracks in battery cells or strings can be reduced, while improving the yield of photovoltaic modules.

[0059] Furthermore, the conductive component has a spaced arched structure, and the welding position of the conductive component is located between two adjacent arched structures. This arched structure helps to offset the deformation stress of the conductive component caused by thermal expansion and contraction during the welding process, thereby avoiding problems such as cell warping and solder strip displacement.

[0060] The above steps are provided only to help understand the method, structure, and core ideas of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A pressure welding apparatus for photovoltaic modules, used for welding conductive components to solar cells, characterized in that, include: The drive structure (10), the multi-stage buffer support structure (20), and the welding pickup structure (70) are, among which, The multi-level buffer support structure (20) is liftable under the drive of the drive structure (10) and includes a pressing plate (21), a first buffer mechanism (22) and a second buffer mechanism (23). The pressing plate (21) is used to press the conductive element together when the conductive element is welded to the battery cell; The first buffer mechanism (22) is disposed above the pressing plate (21) and is used to provide a first-level buffer in the longitudinal direction; The welding pickup structure (70) is disposed on the pressing plate (21) for picking up the conductive component and welding the conductive component to the battery cell; The second buffer mechanism (23) connects the pressing plate (21) and the welding pick-up structure (70) to provide secondary buffering in the longitudinal direction.

2. The pressure welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first buffer mechanism (22) includes: a first guide support plate (221) and a plurality of first elastic components (224). The first guide support plate (221) is located above the pressing plate (21) and is connected to the output end of the drive structure (10); Each of the first elastic components (224) is arranged longitudinally and one end is fixedly connected to the first guide support plate (221), and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressing plate (21).

3. The pressure welding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first buffer mechanism (22) further includes: a fixed support plate (222) and a plurality of guide rods (223). The fixed support plate (222) is fixedly disposed above the first guide support plate (221), and the driving structure (10) is disposed on the fixed support plate (222); Each of the guide rods (223) is arranged longitudinally and is fixedly connected to the first guide support plate (221) and can be raised and lowered relative to the fixed support plate (222).

4. The pressure welding apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first buffer structure (22) further includes: a second guide support plate (225). The second guide support plate (225) is disposed above the fixed support plate (222); The lower end of each guide rod (223) is fixedly connected to the first guide support plate (221), and the upper end passes longitudinally through the fixed support plate (222) and is fixedly connected to the second guide support plate (225).

5. The pressure welding apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The first buffer mechanism (22) further includes an L-shaped limiting component (226). The L-shaped limiting component (226) includes a longitudinal assembly part (2261) and a transverse blocking part (2262). The upper end of the longitudinal assembly part (2261) is fixedly connected to the fixed support plate (222). The transverse blocking part (2261) is located below the first guide support plate (221) and above the pressing plate (21), and is used to limit the downward movement space of the first guide support plate (221). Optionally, the longitudinal assembly part (2261) is provided with a guide groove extending in the vertical direction. Any position of the guide groove can be fixedly connected to the fixed support plate (222) by an assembly fitting to adjust the distance between the transverse blocking part (2262) and the fixed support plate (222).

6. The pressure welding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The pressing plate (21) includes a plate body (213), at least one receiving cavity (211), and multiple support frames (212). The receiving cavity (211) extends vertically through the plate (213). The length direction of the receiving cavity (211) is consistent with the length direction of the plate (213), and the width direction of the receiving cavity (211) is consistent with the width direction of the plate (213) and smaller than the width of the plate (213). Each of the support frames (212) is disposed on the body (213) and spans the receiving cavity (211); One end of the second buffer mechanism (23) is connected to the support frame (212), and the other end passes through the receiving cavity (211) and is connected to the welding pickup structure (70). When the second buffer mechanism (23) is not under stress, the welding pickup structure (70) protrudes at least from the lower surface of the plate (213). When the second buffer mechanism (23) is under stress, the welding pickup structure (70) is at least partially located in the receiving cavity (211) and is flush with the lower surface of the plate (213).

7. The pressure welding apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The welding pickup structure (70) includes multiple welding components (71) and multiple fixing components (72). The conductive element has a welding area and a fixing area. The multiple welding components (71) correspond to the welding area, and the multiple fixing components (72) correspond to the fixing area. Each of the fixing components (72) is used to fix and pick up the conductive element, and each of the welding components (71) is used to weld the conductive element.

8. The pressure welding apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second buffer mechanism (23) includes a second elastic component (231) and a third elastic component (232). One end of the second elastic component (231) is connected to the support frame (212), and the other end is connected to the fixing component (72); One end of the third elastic component (232) is connected to the support frame (212), and the other end is connected to the welding component (71). Optionally, the welding area has multiple welding positions, each welding position is provided with two welding components (71), each welding component (71) is connected to a third elastic component (232), and in the width direction of the receiving cavity (211), the two welding components (71) and the two third elastic components (232) are fixedly connected side by side to the same support frame (212); Optionally, the fixing area has multiple fixing parts, and each fixing part is provided with a fixing component (72).

9. The pressure welding apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The end of the welding component (71) facing the conductive element has a lower surface that matches the shape of the welding strip; And / or, The fixing component (72) is a vacuum nozzle.

10. A pressure welding system for photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, include: The pressing device (30) and the pressing welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The pressing device (30) includes a base plate (31) and a pressure plate (32). The surface of the base plate (31) facing the pressure plate (32) has an alternating first concave-convex structure; The surface of the pressure plate (32) facing the base plate (31) has an alternating second concave-convex structure, and the first concave-convex structure and the second concave-convex structure are complementary structures; The first concave-convex structure and the second concave-convex structure cooperate to press the conductive component placed between the base plate (31) and the pressure plate (32) to form a plurality of arched structures with intervals, and the welding position of the conductive component is located between two adjacent arched structures; The press-welding device is used to pick up the conductive part pressed by the pressing device (30) and weld it to the battery cell.

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