Soft positioning device of automatic pneumoelectric docking system for tractor and trailer

Abstract

The invention relates to a tractor and trailer pneumoelectric automatic docking system soft positioning device, which comprises a main vehicle docking device, and the main vehicle docking device is arranged on a saddle and is provided with a male end connector assembly; the trailer docking device is provided with a female end connector assembly. The male end connector assembly is in butt joint with the female end connector assembly. The male end connector assembly comprises a support assembly for performing X-direction soft positioning on the male end connector assembly; the Z-around soft positioning assembly is used for carrying out rotary soft positioning on the male end connector shell around the Z axis; the X-around soft positioning assembly is used for carrying out rotary soft positioning on the male end connector assembly around the X axis; the Z-direction soft positioning assembly is used for carrying out Z-direction soft positioning on the male end connector assembly; four-degree-of-freedom soft positioning of the male end connector assembly is achieved through the four soft positioning assemblies, it is ensured that a main vehicle and a trailer are automatically and smoothly butted, reliable connection of a gas circuit can be kept when the main vehicle and the trailer move relatively, and damage to a tractor connector caused by collision is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of commercial vehicle technology, and in particular to a soft positioning device for an automatic pneumatic-electric docking system between a tractor and a trailer. Background Technology

[0002] The trailer is connected by the towing saddle of the tractor unit and the towing pin of the trailer, and is widely used in production plant workshops to connect products. When the tractor unit and trailer are docked, their pneumatic and electrical systems need to be connected. Before this connection, the male connector assembly of the tractor unit's docking device must be held in a defined initial docking position (zero position), preventing geometric movement under small external forces, so that the trailer docking device can connect with the tractor unit. Furthermore, during the docking process, the male connector assembly needs to adapt to the movement of the female docking assembly. Also, during vehicle operation, there is relative movement between the tractor unit and trailer (turning, tilting, pitching, etc.), and the male connector assembly will move with the trailer docking assembly. Therefore, the male connector assembly also needs to have a high degree of freedom of movement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a soft positioning device for an automatic pneumatic-electric docking system between a tractor and a trailer.

[0004] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0005] A soft positioning device for an automatic pneumatic-electric docking system between a tractor and a trailer, comprising:

[0006] The main vehicle docking device is located on the saddle and is equipped with a male connector assembly.

[0007] A trailer docking device, wherein the trailer docking device is provided with a female connector; the male connector assembly docks with the female connector.

[0008] The male connector assembly includes:

[0009] Support assembly: Performs X-axis soft positioning on the male connector assembly;

[0010] Z-axis soft positioning component: Performs soft positioning of the male connector housing around the Z-axis;

[0011] X-axis soft positioning assembly: Performs soft rotational positioning of the male connector assembly around the X-axis;

[0012] Z-axis soft positioning component: performs Z-axis soft positioning on the male connector assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the male connector assembly further includes a male connector housing and a U-shaped block, wherein the male connector housing is connected to the U-shaped block.

[0014] The U-shaped block is connected to the support assembly, and an X-axis soft positioning component is provided between the U-shaped block and the support assembly; one end of the U-shaped block is connected to the support assembly, and the other end of the U-shaped block is connected to the male connector housing; the U-shaped block is provided with a Z-axis soft positioning component, and the male connector housing is connected to the Z-axis soft positioning component.

[0015] Preferably, the support assembly includes a support compression spring, a tie rod, a conical disc, a support body, and a bracket conical surface; the support body is connected to the U-shaped block via the tie rod, the tie rod is sleeved on the support compression spring, the support body has a bracket conical surface, the tie rod passes sequentially through the conical disc, the bracket conical surface, and the support compression spring to connect with the U-shaped block, the conical disc and the bracket conical surface are correspondingly arranged, and the X-shaped soft positioning assembly is arranged on both sides of the tie rod.

[0016] Preferably, the Z-shaped soft positioning assembly includes an adjustable compression spring, a preload adjustment block, an adjusting bolt, a rocker arm, a roller, a mounting base, a pin, and a rotating shaft. The mounting base is connected to the male connector housing. One end of the rocker arm is connected to the mounting base via a pin, and the other end of the rocker arm is provided with a roller located at the V-groove of the U-shaped block. The upper end of the preload adjustment block is connected to the rocker arm via an adjusting bolt, and the lower end of the preload adjustment block is connected to the male connector housing via an adjusting pin. The adjusting pin is fitted with the adjustable compression spring, which is located between the preload adjustment block and the male connector housing. The rotating shaft is located at the lower end of the U-shaped block and below the male connector housing.

[0017] Preferably, the X-shaped soft positioning component includes a U-shaped ball socket and two pre-tensioned unidirectional compression components. The two pre-tensioned unidirectional compression components are respectively disposed on both sides of the pull rod. One end of the pre-tensioned unidirectional compression component is connected to the U-shaped block, and the other end of the pre-tensioned unidirectional compression component is connected to the U-shaped ball socket.

[0018] Preferably, the pre-tensioned unidirectional compression assembly includes an X-shaped compression spring, an X-shaped telescopic rod, a cylinder, and a spring plug. The cylinder contains the X-shaped compression spring and the X-shaped telescopic rod. One end of the X-shaped telescopic rod passes through the cylinder and abuts against the U-shaped ball socket. One end of the X-shaped compression spring abuts against the X-shaped telescopic rod. The other end of the X-shaped compression spring is limited by the spring plug.

[0019] Preferably, the Z-axis soft positioning component includes a pre-tensioned unidirectional tension component, the upper end of which is provided with an upper lifting point, and the lower end of which is provided with a lower lifting point. The upper lifting point is connected to the saddle via a hinge, and the lower lifting point is connected to the U-shaped block via a hinge.

[0020] Preferably, the pre-tensioned unidirectional tension assembly includes a Z-direction compression spring, a Z-direction telescopic rod, a sleeve, and a sleeve cap.

[0021] The upper end of the sleeve is provided with the upper lifting point, and the lower end of the sleeve is provided with an opening, and the opening is provided with a sleeve cover; the upper end of the Z-direction telescopic rod is fitted with the Z-direction compression spring, the upper end of the Z-direction telescopic rod is located inside the sleeve, the lower end of the Z-direction telescopic rod is provided with the lower lifting point, the lower end of the Z-direction telescopic rod passes through the through, and the lower lifting point is connected to the U-shaped block.

[0022] Preferably, the lower suspension point has an elongated hole structure.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] The support assembly is used for X-axis soft positioning of the male connector assembly; the Z-axis soft positioning assembly is used for Z-axis rotational soft positioning of the male connector housing; the X-axis soft positioning assembly is used for X-axis rotational soft positioning of the male connector assembly; and the Z-axis soft positioning assembly is used for Z-axis soft positioning of the male connector assembly. These four soft positioning assemblies work together to achieve soft positioning of the male connector assembly in all four degrees of freedom, ensuring smooth automatic docking between the tractor and trailer, maintaining reliable air and electrical connections during relative movement of the tractor and trailer, and reducing damage to the tractor connector caused by collisions. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main vehicle docking device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis soft positioning component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the X-axis soft positioning component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pre-tightening unidirectional compression assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis soft positioning component of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-tensioned unidirectional tension assembly of the present invention.

[0033] Figure Labels

[0034] 1. Trailer docking device; 2. Main vehicle docking device; 3. Saddle; 4. Male connector housing; 5. Z-axis soft positioning assembly; 6. Z-axis soft positioning assembly; 7. Support body; 8. Support assembly; 9. X-axis soft positioning assembly; 10. U-block; 11. Adjustable compression spring; 12. Mounting base; 13. Pin; 14. Adjusting bolt; 15. Roller; 16. V-groove; 17. Rocker arm; 18. Preload adjusting block; 19. Rotary... 20. Shaft; 21. Support cone surface; 22. Conical disc; 23. Tie rod; 24. Support compression spring; 25. U-shaped ball socket; 26. One-way compression assembly with preload; 27. X-direction telescopic rod; 28. Cylinder; 29. ​​X-shaped compression spring; 30. Spring plug; 31. Upper lifting point; 32. One-way tension assembly with preload; 33. Sleeve; 34. Z-direction telescopic rod; 35. Z-direction compression spring; 36. Cylinder cover; 37. Lower lifting point. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0036] A soft positioning device for an automatic pneumatic-electric docking system between a tractor and a trailer, comprising:

[0037] Main vehicle docking device 2, the main vehicle docking device 2 is located on the saddle 3, and the main vehicle docking device 2 is equipped with a male connector assembly;

[0038] Trailer docking device 1, which is equipped with a female connector; the male connector assembly docks with the female connector.

[0039] The male connector assembly includes:

[0040] Support assembly 8: Performs X-axis soft positioning on the male connector assembly;

[0041] Z-axis soft positioning component 5: Performs soft positioning of the male connector housing around the Z-axis;

[0042] X-axis soft positioning component 9: Performs soft rotational positioning of the male connector assembly around the X-axis;

[0043] Z-axis soft positioning component 6: Performs Z-axis soft positioning on the male connector assembly.

[0044] The support assembly 8 is used for X-axis soft positioning of the male connector assembly; the Z-axis soft positioning assembly 5 is used for Z-axis rotational soft positioning of the male connector housing; the X-axis soft positioning assembly 9 is used for X-axis rotational soft positioning of the male connector assembly; and the Z-axis soft positioning assembly 6 is used for Z-axis soft positioning of the male connector assembly. The four soft positioning assemblies work together to achieve soft positioning of the male connector assembly in four degrees of freedom, ensuring smooth automatic docking of the tractor and trailer, maintaining reliable connection of the pneumatic circuit during relative movement of the tractor and trailer, and reducing damage to the tractor connector caused by collisions.

[0045] The male connector assembly also includes a male connector housing 4 and a U-shaped block 10, with the male connector housing 4 connected to the U-shaped block 10.

[0046] The U-shaped block 10 is connected to the support assembly 8, and an X-axis soft positioning component 9 is provided between the U-shaped block 10 and the support assembly 8; one end of the U-shaped block 10 is connected to the support assembly 8, and the other end of the U-shaped block 10 is connected to the male connector housing 4; the U-shaped block 10 is provided with a Z-axis soft positioning component 6, and the male connector housing 4 is connected to the Z-axis soft positioning component 5.

[0047] The support assembly 8 includes a support compression spring 23, a tie rod 22, a conical disc 21, a support body 7, and a bracket conical surface 20. The support body 7 is connected to the U-shaped block 10 via the tie rod 22. The tie rod 22 is fitted with the support compression spring 23. The support body 7 is provided with a bracket conical surface 20. The tie rod 22 passes through the conical disc 21, the bracket conical surface 20, and the support compression spring 23 in sequence and is connected to the U-shaped block 10. The conical disc 21 and the bracket conical surface 20 are correspondingly arranged. The X-shaped soft positioning assembly 9 is arranged on both sides of the tie rod 22.

[0048] Before docking, the conical disc 21 engages with the conical surface 20 of the bracket, and the support compression spring 23 is in a pre-compressed state. This pre-compression force is borne by the tie rod 22 and is kept in the X-direction set position (i.e., zero position). When the main vehicle docking device 2 and the trailer docking device 1 dock, the pre-tightening force of the support compression spring 23 is overcome, and the support assembly 8 is further compressed to ensure good docking of the main vehicle docking device 2 and the trailer docking device 1, and to release the male connector assembly's degree of freedom of movement in the X-direction.

[0049] The Z-shaped soft positioning assembly 5 includes an adjustable compression spring 11, a preload adjustment block 18, an adjustment bolt 14, a rocker arm 17, a roller 15, a mounting base 12, a pin 13, and a rotating shaft 19. The mounting base 12 is connected to the male connector housing 4. One end of the rocker arm 17 is connected to the mounting base 12 via the pin 13, and the other end of the rocker arm 17 is provided with a roller 15, which is located at the V-groove 16 provided in the U-shaped block 10. The upper end of the preload adjustment block 18 is connected to the rocker arm 17 via the adjustment bolt 14, and the lower end of the preload adjustment block 18 is connected to the male connector housing 4 via the adjustment pin. The adjustment pin is fitted with the adjustable compression spring 11, and the adjustable compression spring 11 is located between the preload adjustment block 18 and the male connector housing 4. The rotating shaft 19 is located at the lower end of the U-shaped block 10 and below the male connector housing 4.

[0050] The rocker arm 17 and the preload adjustment block 18 can rotate around the pin 13. Under the action of the adjustable compression spring 11, the rocker arm 17 generates an upward rotational torque around the pin 13. The rotational torque can be adjusted by the preload adjustment block 18 (changing the preload of the adjustable compression spring 11). The roller 15 is installed at the end of the rocker arm 17 and is held in the V-groove 16 under the action of the adjustable compression spring 11, realizing the soft positioning of the male connector housing 4 around the rotation axis 19. The positioning torque corresponds to the preload of the adjustable compression spring 11. When the rotational torque is less than a certain value, the rocker arm 17 will not rotate around the pin 13 if the pressure of the adjustable compression spring 11 is not overcome, that is, the male connector housing 4 will not rotate around the rotation axis 19. When the rotational torque is greater than the critical value and overcomes the preload of the adjustable compression spring 11, the rocker arm 17 rotates and swings downward around the pin 13, releasing the rotational freedom of the male connector housing 4 around the rotation axis 19.

[0051] The X-shaped soft positioning component 9 includes a U-shaped ball socket 24 and two pre-tensioned one-way compression components 25. The two pre-tensioned one-way compression components 25 are respectively located on both sides of the pull rod 22. One end of the pre-tensioned one-way compression component 25 is connected to the U-shaped block 10, and the other end of the pre-tensioned one-way compression component 25 is connected to the U-shaped ball socket 24.

[0052] Before docking, the male connector assembly does not rotate around the X-axis under the action of the pre-tightening unidirectional compression assembly 25, ensuring smooth docking between the trailer docking device 1 and the main vehicle docking device 2.

[0053] The pre-tensioned one-way compression assembly 25 includes an X-shaped compression spring 28, an X-shaped telescopic rod 26, a cylinder 27, and a spring plug 29. The cylinder 27 is provided with the X-shaped compression spring 28 and the X-shaped telescopic rod 26. One end of the X-shaped telescopic rod 26 passes through the cylinder 27 and abuts against the U-shaped ball socket 24. One end of the X-shaped compression spring 28 abuts against the X-shaped telescopic rod 26. The other end of the X-shaped compression spring 28 is limited by the spring plug 29.

[0054] Under the action of the X-axis compression spring 28 in a pre-compressed state, the X-axis telescopic rod 26 is axially pressed against the inner step of the cylinder 27, so that the X-axis telescopic rod 26 has a pre-tightening force in the compression direction. Before docking, the circular head of the X-axis telescopic rod 26 is in the U-shaped ball socket 24, which restricts the male connector assembly from rotating around the X-axis and assists the conical disk 21 in restricting the male connector assembly from rotating around the Z-axis. After the male connector assembly and the trailer docking device 1 are docked, the X-axis telescopic rod 26 is compressed. Under the action of external force, it overcomes the force of the X-axis compression spring 28 and releases the rotational degrees of freedom around the X-axis and Z-axis.

[0055] Z-direction soft positioning component 6 includes a pre-tensioned unidirectional tension component 31. The upper end of the pre-tensioned unidirectional tension component 31 is provided with an upper suspension point 30, and the lower end of the pre-tensioned unidirectional tension component 31 is provided with a lower suspension point 36. The upper suspension point 30 is connected to the saddle 3 by a hinge, and the lower suspension point 36 is connected to the U-shaped block 10 by a hinge.

[0056] The pre-tensioned unidirectional tension assembly 31 includes a Z-direction compression spring 34, a Z-direction telescopic rod 33, a sleeve 32, and a sleeve cap 35.

[0057] The upper end of the sleeve 32 is provided with an upper lifting point 30, and the lower end of the sleeve 32 is provided with an opening, and a sleeve cover 35 is provided at the opening; the upper end of the Z-direction telescopic rod 33 is fitted with a Z-direction compression spring 34, the upper end of the Z-direction telescopic rod 33 is located inside the sleeve 32, the lower end of the Z-direction telescopic rod 33 is provided with a lower lifting point 36, the lower end of the Z-direction telescopic rod 33 passes through the sleeve cover 35, and the lower lifting point 36 is connected to the U-shaped block 10.

[0058] The pre-tensioned unidirectional tensioning assembly 31 has a pre-tension in the tension direction, which can support the weight of the male connector assembly. After the male connector assembly and the trailer docking device 1 are docked, the male connector assembly moves upward by stretching the pre-tensioned unidirectional tensioning assembly 31 or along the elongated hole of the lower suspension point 36 to adapt to the movement of the female docking device. The male connector assembly is suspended on the saddle 3 body by the Z-direction soft positioning assembly 6. The Z-direction soft positioning assembly 6 has a pre-tension in the tension direction under the action of the Z-direction compression spring 34, but cannot be compressed. Before docking, the force of the weight of the male connector assembly acting on the Z-direction telescopic rod 33 is less than the pressure of the Z-direction compression spring 34, so the Z-direction telescopic rod 33 will not extend, and the male connector assembly remains in the Z-direction zero position before docking. When the male connector assembly is docked and after docking is completed, the male connector assembly undergoes Z-direction displacement, the compression force of the Z-direction compression spring 34 is overcome, the Z-direction telescopic rod 33 extends, so that the male connector assembly adapts to the trailer docking device.

[0059] The lower suspension point 36 has an elongated hole structure.

Claims

1. A soft positioning device for an automatic pneumatic-electric docking system between a tractor and a trailer, characterized in that, include: The main vehicle docking device (2) is located on the saddle (3) and is equipped with a male connector assembly. Trailer docking device (1), wherein the trailer docking device (1) is provided with a female connector; the male connector assembly docks with the female connector; The male connector assembly includes: Support assembly (8): Performs X-axis soft positioning on the male connector assembly; Z-axis soft positioning component (5): Performs soft positioning of the male connector housing around the Z-axis; X-axis soft positioning component (9): Performs rotational soft positioning of the male connector assembly around the X-axis; Z-direction soft positioning component (6): performs Z-direction soft positioning on the male connector assembly.

2. The soft positioning device for the pneumatic-electric automatic docking system between the tractor and trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The male connector assembly further includes a male connector housing (4) and a U-shaped block (10), wherein the male connector housing (4) is connected to the U-shaped block (10): The U-shaped block (10) is connected to the support assembly (8), and an X-axis soft positioning assembly (9) is provided between the U-shaped block (10) and the support assembly (8); one end of the U-shaped block (10) is connected to the support assembly (8), and the other end of the U-shaped block (10) is connected to the male connector housing (4); the U-shaped block (10) is provided with a Z-axis soft positioning assembly (6), and the male connector housing (4) is connected to the Z-axis soft positioning assembly (5).

3. The soft positioning device for the pneumatic-electric automatic docking system between the tractor and trailer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support assembly (8) includes a support compression spring (23), a pull rod (22), a conical disc (21), a support body (7), and a bracket conical surface (20). The support body (7) is connected to the U-shaped block (10) through the pull rod (22). The pull rod (22) is fitted with the support compression spring (23). The support body (7) is provided with a bracket conical surface (20). The pull rod (22) passes through the conical disc (21), the bracket conical surface (20), and the support compression spring (23) in sequence and is connected to the U-shaped block (10). The conical disc (21) is correspondingly arranged with the bracket conical surface (20). The X-axis soft positioning assembly (9) is located on both sides of the pull rod (22).

4. The soft positioning device for the pneumatic-electric automatic docking system between the tractor and trailer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Z-shaped soft positioning assembly (5) includes an adjustable compression spring (11), a preload adjustment block (18), an adjustment bolt (14), a rocker arm (17), a roller (15), a mounting base (12), a pin (13), and a rotating shaft (19). The mounting base (12) is connected to the male connector housing (4). One end of the rocker arm (17) is connected to the mounting base (12) via the pin (13), and the other end of the rocker arm (17) is provided with a roller (15). The roller (15) is located in the V-shape provided by the U-shaped block (10). At the slot (16), the upper end of the preload adjustment block (18) is connected to the rocker arm (17) via the adjusting bolt (14), and the lower end of the preload adjustment block (18) is connected to the male connector housing (4) via the adjusting pin. The adjusting pin is fitted with the adjustable compression spring (11), and the adjustable compression spring (11) is located between the preload adjustment block (18) and the male connector housing (4). The rotating shaft (19) is located at the lower end of the U-shaped block (10) and below the male connector housing (4).

5. The soft positioning device for the pneumatic-electric automatic docking system between the tractor and trailer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The X-shaped soft positioning component (9) includes a U-shaped ball socket (24) and two pre-tensioned one-way compression components (25). The two pre-tensioned one-way compression components (25) are respectively located on both sides of the pull rod (22). One end of the pre-tensioned one-way compression component (25) is connected to the U-shaped block (10), and the other end of the pre-tensioned one-way compression component (25) is connected to the U-shaped ball socket (24).

6. The soft positioning device for the pneumatic-electric automatic docking system between the tractor and trailer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pre-tensioned unidirectional compression assembly (25) includes an X-shaped compression spring (28), an X-direction telescopic rod (26), a cylinder (27), and a spring plug (29). The cylinder (27) contains the X-shaped compression spring (28) and the X-direction telescopic rod (26). One end of the X-direction telescopic rod (26) passes through the cylinder (27) and abuts against the U-shaped ball socket (24). One end of the X-shaped compression spring (28) abuts against the X-direction telescopic rod (26). The other end of the X-shaped compression spring (28) is limited by the spring plug (29).

7. The soft positioning device for the pneumatic-electric automatic docking system between the tractor and trailer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Z-direction soft positioning component (6) includes a pre-tensioned unidirectional tension component (31). The pre-tensioned unidirectional tension component (31) has an upper lifting point (30) at its upper end and a lower lifting point (36) at its lower end. The upper lifting point (30) is connected to the saddle (3) via a hinge, and the lower lifting point (36) is connected to the U-shaped block (10) via a hinge.

8. The soft positioning device for the pneumatic-electric automatic docking system between the tractor and trailer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pre-tensioned unidirectional tension assembly (31) includes a Z-direction compression spring (34), a Z-direction telescopic rod (33), a sleeve (32), and a sleeve cap (35). The upper end of the sleeve (32) is provided with the upper lifting point (30), the lower end of the sleeve (32) is provided with an opening, and the opening is provided with a cylinder cover (35); the upper end of the Z-direction telescopic rod (33) is fitted with the Z-direction compression spring (34), the upper end of the Z-direction telescopic rod (33) is located inside the sleeve (32), the lower end of the Z-direction telescopic rod (33) is provided with the lower lifting point (36), the lower end of the Z-direction telescopic rod (33) passes through the cylinder cover (35), and the lower lifting point (36) is connected to the U-shaped block (10).

9. The soft positioning device for the pneumatic-electric automatic docking system between the tractor and trailer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lower suspension point (36) has an elongated hole structure.

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