Porous slow-release fungus brick for biological treatment of forebay of pump station and preparation process of porous slow-release fungus brick

Abstract

The invention discloses a porous slow-release bacterial brick for biological treatment of a forebay of a pump station and a preparation process of the porous slow-release bacterial brick, and belongs to the technical field of ecological treatment of water environments, the bacterial brick comprises a fiber-reinforced microelectrolysis framework and slow-release oxygen-release biological gel filled in pores of the framework; the framework raw materials comprise Portland cement, porous ceramsite, Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler, modified polypropylene fiber and the like; the gel is prepared from the following raw materials: compound microorganism bacterium powder, stearic acid modified calcium peroxide, biochar powder and the like. According to the method, the anti-scouring capacity is remarkably improved through the fiber-reinforced framework, long-acting slow release of dissolved oxygen is achieved through the double mechanisms of hydrophobic modification and gel embedding, microbial metabolism is activated through the micro-electrolysis filler, and the problems that in pump station forebay treatment, microbial agents are prone to loss, the oxygen release period is short, and the microbial activity is low are effectively solved.

Description

A porous slow-release bacterial brick for biological treatment of pump station forebay and its preparation process Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water environment ecological governance technology, specifically relating to a porous slow-release bacterial brick for biological treatment of pump station forebay and its preparation process. Background Technology

[0002] The forebay of a pumping station is a critical node in the urban drainage system. Due to its unique hydraulic operation mode (low water level and static sedimentation during the dry season, and high water level and strong transport during the rainy season), a large amount of organic pollutants easily accumulate at the bottom of the forebay. These sediments undergo anaerobic fermentation during the static period, resulting in black and smelly water and the release of malodorous gases such as hydrogen sulfide.

[0003] Existing technologies typically employ the addition of microbial agents for treatment. However, given the specific operating conditions of the pump station forebay, existing technologies have the following significant drawbacks: (1) Poor resistance to hydraulic scouring: When the pump station is turned on, the water flow in the forebay is rapid and extremely velocities are extremely high. Directly added microbial agents or ordinary strength microbial bricks are easily dispersed, broken, and washed away by the water flow, resulting in an unsustainable treatment effect.

[0004] (2) Anaerobic conditions at the bottom lead to bacterial death: The sediment at the bottom of the forepond has a high oxygen consumption and is in a strongly anaerobic state (ORP < -200mV). After the added aerobic or facultative anaerobic microorganisms enter the bottom, they are quickly inactivated or die due to the lack of dissolved oxygen (electron acceptor). Although there are existing technologies that use oxygen-releasing agents such as calcium peroxide, ordinary calcium peroxide is released too quickly in the water (burst release) and is consumed within a few days, which cannot meet the long-term oxygen requirements of microorganisms.

[0005] (3) Low microbial metabolic activity: Under low temperature or high pollution load, the metabolic rate of microorganisms is slow. It is difficult to eliminate black and odorous substances in a short time by relying solely on the degradation ability of microorganisms themselves.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of composite bacterial brick that can resist strong hydraulic shear, has a long-term controllable oxygen release capability, and can significantly activate the metabolic activity of microorganisms. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to solve the technical problems of weak erosion resistance, short oxygen release cycle, and low microbial activity in the prior art of mycelium bricks, and provides a porous slow-release mycelium brick for biological treatment of pump station forebay and its preparation process.

[0008] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a porous slow-release bacterial brick for biological treatment of a pump station forebay, comprising a fiber-reinforced micro-electrolysis framework and a slow-release oxygen-releasing biogel filling the pores of the framework; the raw materials of the fiber-reinforced micro-electrolysis framework include: silicate cement, porous ceramsite, Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler, modified polypropylene fiber, pore-forming agent, and water; the raw materials of the slow-release oxygen-releasing biogel include: composite microbial powder, stearic acid-modified calcium peroxide, biochar powder, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, crosslinking agent, and water.

[0009] Furthermore, the weight proportions of each raw material in the fiber-reinforced micro-electrolysis skeleton are as follows: 45-55 parts silicate cement, 25-35 parts porous ceramsite, 8-12 parts Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler, 0.2-0.5 parts modified polypropylene fiber, 1-2 parts pore-forming agent, and 22-28 parts water.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation method of the Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler is as follows: reduced iron powder is placed in a copper sulfate solution with a mass fraction of 5% for displacement reaction, and after filtration, washing, and drying, it is mixed evenly with powdered activated carbon at a mass ratio of (1-2):1; wherein, the amount ratio of reduced iron powder to copper sulfate solution is 1g:5mL.

[0011] Furthermore, the preparation method of the stearic acid modified calcium peroxide is as follows: dissolve stearic acid in anhydrous ethanol, then add calcium peroxide powder to it, stir and evaporate the solvent at 40-50°C until the powder is dry; wherein, the mass ratio of stearic acid to calcium peroxide powder is (0.05-0.1):1.

[0012] Furthermore, the slow-release oxygen-releasing biogel contains, per 100 mL of water: 2.5–3.5 g sodium alginate, 1.5–2.5 g polyvinyl alcohol, 2–4 g stearic acid-modified calcium peroxide, 1–2 g biochar powder, and 1–2 g compound microbial powder.

[0013] Furthermore, a preparation process for porous slow-release bacterial bricks for biological treatment of pump station forebays includes the following steps: Step S1: Preparing Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler and stearic acid-modified calcium peroxide; Step S2: Dry-mixing silicate cement, porous ceramsite, Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler, modified polypropylene fiber, and pore-forming agent evenly, adding water, stirring, and molding, and curing for 28 days to obtain a skeleton with interconnected pores; Step S3: Dissolving polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate in 95℃ hot water. After cooling, add stearic acid-modified calcium peroxide, biochar powder, and composite microbial powder, and stir evenly to obtain a gel mixture; Step S4: Place the skeleton obtained in step S2 into a vacuum container, inject the gel mixture obtained in step S3, maintain negative pressure for 10-20 minutes, restore normal pressure, and obtain the injected skeleton; Step S5: Immerse the injected skeleton in a calcium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 3%-5% for 4-8 hours, take it out and air dry naturally to obtain the finished porous slow-release bacterial brick.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the length of the modified polypropylene fiber is 6-12 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the pore-forming agent is ammonium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate, with a particle size of 2-4 mm.

[0016] The present invention has the following significant advantages over the prior art: (1) Excellent mechanical properties and resistance to hydraulic scouring, solving the problem of bacterial agent loss in the rapid flow environment of the pumping station: According to the test results in Table 1, the compressive strength of the bacterial brick prepared in Example 2 is as high as 14.8 MPa, and the mass loss rate after continuous scouring at a flow rate of 1.5 m / s for 72 hours is only 1.2%. In contrast, the compressive strength of Comparative Example 3 without modified polypropylene fiber drops sharply to 8.2 MPa, and the mass loss rate is as high as 12.5%. Principle analysis: The present invention introduces modified polypropylene fiber into the skeleton, and the fiber forms a three-dimensional randomly distributed mesh support structure in the cement matrix. When the bacterial brick is subjected to water flow shear force or external load, the fiber can effectively bear tensile stress, hinder the propagation of microcracks, and play a significant role in "reinforcing" and toughening. This high-strength skeleton structure can effectively protect the internally filled biogel from being washed away by the water flow, ensuring the structural integrity and long-term retention rate of the bacterial brick under the rapid flow conditions of the pumping station forebay.

[0017] (2) The dual sustained-release mechanism of "hydrophobic modification + gel encapsulation" achieves long-term controllable release of dissolved oxygen: According to the data in Table 1, the dissolved oxygen (DO) in Example 2 was maintained for up to 28 days, while that in Comparative Example 2 using unmodified calcium peroxide was maintained for only 5 days. Due to the difference in oxygen supply cycle, the COD removal rate (58.2%) and ammonia nitrogen removal rate (60.1%) of Comparative Example 2 on day 30 were much lower than those of Example 2 (COD 91.2%, ammonia nitrogen 93.5%). Principle analysis: Calcium peroxide in the prior art is prone to "explosive release" when it comes into contact with water, causing oxygen to be depleted in a short time. This invention employs a dual slow-release strategy: First, stearic acid is used to hydrophobically modify the surface of calcium peroxide, forming a hydrophobic film on the surface of the calcium peroxide particles. This physically blocks the rapid penetration of water molecules, significantly reducing the reaction rate. Second, the modified oxygen-releasing agent is embedded in a polymeric gel network formed by the cross-linking of sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol. The three-dimensional network structure of the gel further restricts the entry of water molecules and the escape and diffusion of oxygen. This dual mechanism extends the oxygen release cycle from a few days to about a month, matching the long-term oxygen requirements of microorganisms in the treatment of black and odorous sediment, and avoiding microbial death and treatment failure due to later-stage hypoxia.

[0018] (3) The synergistic effect of the micro-electrolysis system and microorganisms significantly improves the degradation efficiency of pollutants: Comparing the data of Example 2 and Comparative Example 1, although the DO maintenance time of the two is similar (28 days and 27 days respectively), indicating that the oxygen supply conditions are basically the same, the COD removal rate (65.4%) and ammonia nitrogen removal rate (68.7%) of Comparative Example 1 (without Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler) are significantly lower than those of Example 2 (COD 91.2%, ammonia nitrogen 93.5%). Principle analysis: This fully demonstrates that simply supplying oxygen and adding bacteria cannot achieve the best treatment effect. The Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler introduced in this invention forms countless tiny galvanic cell systems in the water. The synergistic effect is achieved through two mechanisms: firstly, the micro-electric field environment stimulates the cell membranes of microorganisms, increasing membrane permeability and significantly activating enzyme activity and metabolic rate; secondly, the active hydrogen [H] and ferrous ions (Fe2+) generated by the micro-electrolysis reaction possess strong reducing and catalytic properties, capable of breaking down recalcitrant macromolecular organic matter into smaller molecules, thus improving the biodegradability of wastewater and providing microorganisms with more readily absorbed nutrients. Furthermore, iron ions, as an essential trace element for microbial growth, further promote the growth and reproduction of the bacterial community. This "micro-electrolysis-biology" coupling technology effectively overcomes the shortcomings of low microbial activity under low temperature and high pollution load conditions in the pump station forebay.

[0019] In summary, this invention ensures physical stability through a fiber-reinforced skeleton, guarantees a long-lasting aerobic environment through dual slow-release technology, and activates biological metabolism through micro-electrolysis filler. The synergistic effect of these three elements effectively solves the key technical bottlenecks in the biological treatment of pump station forebays. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. At the same time, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents or devices used in the following embodiments can be obtained from conventional commercial channels or by existing known methods. Some of the raw materials are as follows: Silicate cement: PO 42.5 grade, commercially available; Porous ceramsite: particle size ~10mm, bulk density 400kg / m3; Reduced iron powder: 100 mesh, industrial grade; Copper sulfate: copper sulfate pentahydrate, analytical grade; Powdered activated carbon: 200 mesh, wood-based; Modified polypropylene fiber: length 6-12mm, diameter 30μm, surface hydrophilic treatment; Pore-forming agent: ammonium bicarbonate, particle size 2-4mm; Calcium peroxide: powder, purity 75%; Stearic acid: chemically pure; Biochar powder: rice husk charcoal, 100 mesh; Sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 1799), Anhydrous calcium chloride: Industrial grade; Compound microbial powder: Bacillus subtilis, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, and the viable count of Bacillus subtilis, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria is 1×10¹⁰ CFU / g.

[0021] Example 1: Preparation of porous slow-release bacterial bricks for biological treatment of pump station forebay: (1) Preparation of Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis packing: Weigh 100g of reduced iron powder, add it to 500mL of 5% copper sulfate solution, stir and react for 10 minutes, filter, wash with water, and dry to obtain copper-plated iron powder. Mix the copper-plated iron powder with 50g of powdered activated carbon evenly for later use to obtain Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis packing.

[0022] (2) Preparation of stearic acid modified calcium peroxide: Dissolve 2.5g stearic acid in 100mL anhydrous ethanol, add 50g calcium peroxide powder, stir in a 40℃ water bath until the ethanol evaporates completely, and obtain hydrophobic modified calcium peroxide powder, namely stearic acid modified calcium peroxide.

[0023] (3) Preparation of fiber-reinforced skeleton: Weigh 450g of silicate cement, 250g of porous ceramsite, 80g of Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler, 2g of modified polypropylene fiber, and 10g of ammonium bicarbonate. After dry mixing evenly, add 220g of water and stir to form bricks of 200×100×50mm. Standard curing for 28 days yields a fiber-reinforced skeleton with interconnected pores.

[0024] (4) Preparation of gel mixture: Dissolve 2.5g sodium alginate and 1.5g polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) in 100mL hot water (95℃), cool to 35℃, add 2g stearic acid modified calcium peroxide, 1g biochar powder and 1g composite microbial powder, stir evenly to obtain gel mixture.

[0025] (5) Composite and curing: Place the fiber-reinforced skeleton in a vacuum autoclave, inject the gel mixture, evacuate to -0.09 MPa and maintain for 10 minutes, then restore to normal pressure. Remove the injected fiber-reinforced skeleton and immerse it in a 3% calcium chloride solution for curing for 4 hours. After air drying, the porous slow-release bacterial brick is obtained.

[0026] Example 2: Preparation of porous slow-release bacterial bricks for biological treatment of pump station forebay: (1) Preparation of Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis packing: Weigh 100g of reduced iron powder and add it to 500mL of 5% copper sulfate solution. Stir and react for 20 minutes, filter, wash with water, and dry to obtain copper-plated iron powder. Mix the copper-plated iron powder with 75g of powdered activated carbon evenly for later use to obtain Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis packing.

[0027] (2) Preparation of stearic acid modified calcium peroxide: Dissolve 4g of stearic acid in 100mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 50g of calcium peroxide powder, stir in a water bath at 45℃ until the ethanol evaporates completely, and obtain hydrophobic modified calcium peroxide powder, namely stearic acid modified calcium peroxide.

[0028] (3) Preparation of fiber-reinforced skeleton: Weigh 500g of silicate cement, 300g of porous ceramsite, 100g of Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler, 3g of modified polypropylene fiber, and 15g of ammonium bicarbonate. After dry mixing evenly, add 250g of water and stir to form bricks of 200×100×50mm. Standard curing for 28 days yields a fiber-reinforced skeleton with interconnected pores.

[0029] (4) Preparation of gel mixture: Dissolve 3g sodium alginate and 2g polyvinyl alcohol (PVA1799) in 100mL hot water (95℃), cool to 35℃, add 3g stearic acid modified calcium peroxide, 1.5g biochar powder and 1.5g composite microbial powder, stir evenly to obtain gel mixture.

[0030] (5) Composite and curing: Place the fiber-reinforced skeleton in a vacuum autoclave, inject the gel mixture, evacuate to -0.09 MPa and maintain for 15 minutes, then restore to normal pressure. Remove the injected fiber-reinforced skeleton and immerse it in a 4% calcium chloride solution for curing for 6 hours. After air drying, the porous slow-release bacterial brick is obtained.

[0031] Example 3: Preparation of porous slow-release bacterial bricks for biological treatment of pump station forebay: (1) Preparation of Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis packing: Weigh 100g of reduced iron powder and add it to 500mL of 5% copper sulfate solution. Stir and react for 20 minutes, filter, wash with water, and dry to obtain copper-plated iron powder. Mix the copper-plated iron powder with 100g of powdered activated carbon evenly for later use to obtain Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis packing.

[0032] (2) Preparation of stearic acid modified calcium peroxide: Dissolve 5g of stearic acid in 100mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 50g of calcium peroxide powder, stir in a 50℃ water bath until the ethanol evaporates completely, and obtain hydrophobic modified calcium peroxide powder, namely stearic acid modified calcium peroxide.

[0033] (3) Preparation of fiber-reinforced skeleton: Weigh 550g of silicate cement, 350g of porous ceramsite, 120g of Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler, 5g of modified polypropylene fiber, and 20g of ammonium bicarbonate. After dry mixing evenly, add 280g of water and stir to form bricks of 200×100×50mm. Standard curing for 28 days yields a fiber-reinforced skeleton with interconnected pores.

[0034] (4) Preparation of gel mixture: Dissolve 3.5g sodium alginate and 2.5g polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 1799) in 100mL hot water (95℃), cool to 35℃, add 4g stearic acid modified calcium peroxide, 2g biochar powder and 2g composite microbial powder, stir evenly to obtain gel mixture.

[0035] (5) Composite and curing: Place the fiber-reinforced skeleton in a vacuum autoclave, inject the gel mixture, evacuate to -0.09 MPa and maintain for 20 minutes, then restore to normal pressure. Remove the injected fiber-reinforced skeleton and immerse it in a 5% calcium chloride solution for curing for 8 hours. After air drying, a porous slow-release mycelium brick is obtained.

[0036] Comparative Example 1 served as the control group for Example 2. In the preparation of the fiber-reinforced skeleton, Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler was not added; instead, it was replaced with an equal mass of ordinary quartz sand (with a particle size similar to that of the micro-electrolysis filler). The remaining raw materials and steps were completely consistent with those in Example 2, and the resulting mushroom bricks were obtained.

[0037] Comparative Example 2 served as the control group for Example 2. In preparing the gel mixture, an equal mass of unmodified ordinary calcium peroxide powder was used instead of stearic acid-modified calcium peroxide. The remaining raw materials and steps were completely consistent with those in Example 2, and the resulting mushroom bricks were obtained.

[0038] Comparative Example 3 served as the control group for Example 2. No modified polypropylene fiber was added during the preparation of the fiber-reinforced skeleton. The remaining raw materials and steps were completely consistent with those in Example 2, and the mushroom bricks were finally obtained.

[0039] Test Example 1: The performance of the fungal bricks prepared by Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was tested. The performance test process is as follows, and the test results are shown in Table 1: (1) Compressive strength (MPa): The compressive strength of the test block was tested after curing for 28 days in accordance with GB / T 50081 "Standard for Test Methods of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete".

[0040] (2) Mass loss rate (%) [erosion resistance]: The cured mushroom bricks were weighed and recorded as W0 (dry weight). They were fixed at the bottom of a simulated water tank, and the water pump was turned on to achieve a flow rate of 1.5 m / s (simulating strong erosion by a pumping station). After continuous erosion for 72 hours, they were removed, dried, and weighed, and recorded as W1. Calculation formula: [(W0−W1) / W0]×100%.

[0041] (3) Dissolved oxygen (DO) maintenance time (days): In a static water body (with bottom mud laid to simulate an anaerobic environment), mushroom bricks were put in and the dissolved oxygen concentration at the mud-water interface was monitored daily using a DO meter. The number of days the DO concentration was maintained above 2.0 mg / L was recorded.

[0042] (4) COD removal rate (%): On the 30th day of the simulated wastewater experiment, the COD value of the supernatant was measured and the removal rate relative to the initial wastewater was calculated.

[0043] (5) Ammonia nitrogen removal rate (%): On the 30th day of the simulated wastewater experiment, the supernatant was taken to measure the ammonia nitrogen value and the removal rate relative to the initial wastewater was calculated.

[0044] Table 1 Test Results

[0045] Analysis of the data in Table 1: (1) Analysis of erosion resistance (Example 2 vs Comparative Example 3): The compressive strength of Example 2 is 14.8 MPa and the mass loss rate is only 1.2%; while the compressive strength of Comparative Example 3 without added fiber drops sharply to 8.2 MPa and the mass loss rate is as high as 12.5%.

[0046] Conclusion: Modified polypropylene fibers play a significant reinforcing role in the skeleton, effectively preventing the mushroom bricks from breaking and peeling off under strong water flow, thus solving the problem of erosion and loss in the prior art.

[0047] (2) Analysis of long-term oxygen release performance (Example 2 vs. Comparative Example 2): The DO retention time of Example 2 was as long as 28 days, while that of Comparative Example 2, which used unmodified calcium peroxide, was only 5 days. The COD and ammonia nitrogen removal rates of Comparative Example 2 on day 30 (58.2%, 60.1%) were significantly lower than those of Example 2 (91.2%, 93.5%).

[0048] Conclusion: This is because unmodified calcium peroxide undergoes an initial "explosive release," rapidly depleting oxygen and leading to decreased activity or even death of microorganisms due to hypoxia in the later stages. The "stearic acid hydrophobic modification + gel encapsulation" dual sustained-release technology of this invention successfully achieves the slow release of oxygen, ensuring the long-term aerobic metabolic needs of microorganisms.

[0049] (3) Analysis of the effect of micro-electrolysis on microbial activity (Example 2 vs Comparative Example 1): Comparative Example 1 removed the Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis packing material. Although its DO maintenance time (27 days) was similar to that of Example 2 (indicating sufficient oxygen supply), its COD removal rate (65.4%) and ammonia nitrogen removal rate (68.7%) were much lower than those of Example 2.

[0050] Conclusion: This fully demonstrates that simply supplying oxygen is insufficient to achieve the best treatment effect. The micro-electric field and trace iron ions generated by the Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis packing significantly activate the enzyme activity of microorganisms and may break down long-chain organic matter through micro-electrolysis, thereby improving the biodegradability of wastewater and significantly enhancing purification efficiency.

[0051] (4) Comprehensive Analysis: Example 2 demonstrates excellent and balanced performance across all indicators. Although Example 3 has a slightly higher DO retention time and removal rate, the improvement is limited considering the increased cost and raw material usage, making it less cost-effective than Example 2. Example 1 has slightly inferior long-lasting effect due to its lower concentration of active ingredients. In summary, this invention, through structural and material innovation, synergistically solves three major challenges: erosion resistance, long-lasting oxygen release, and microbial activation.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0053] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A porous slow-release bacterial brick for biological treatment of pump station forebays, characterized in that, The invention comprises a fiber-reinforced microelectrolysis framework and a slow-release oxygen-releasing biogel filling the pores of the framework; the raw materials of the fiber-reinforced microelectrolysis framework include: silicate cement, porous ceramsite, Fe-Cu-C ternary microelectrolysis filler, modified polypropylene fiber, pore-forming agent, and water; the raw materials of the slow-release oxygen-releasing biogel include: composite microbial powder, stearic acid-modified calcium peroxide, biochar powder, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, crosslinking agent, and water.

2. The porous slow-release bacterial brick for biological treatment of pump station forebay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight proportions of each raw material in the fiber-reinforced micro-electrolysis skeleton are as follows: 45-55 parts silicate cement, 25-35 parts porous ceramsite, 8-12 parts Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler, 0.2-0.5 parts modified polypropylene fiber, 1-2 parts pore-forming agent, and 22-28 parts water.

3. The porous slow-release bacterial brick for biological treatment of pump station forebay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler is as follows: reduced iron powder is placed in a copper sulfate solution with a mass fraction of 5% for displacement reaction, filtered, washed, dried and then mixed with powdered activated carbon at a mass ratio of (1~2):1; wherein, the amount ratio of reduced iron powder to copper sulfate solution is 1g:5mL.

4. The porous slow-release bacterial brick for biological treatment of pump station forebay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing stearic acid modified calcium peroxide is as follows: stearic acid is dissolved in anhydrous ethanol, and then calcium peroxide powder is added to it. The solvent is evaporated by stirring at 40-50°C until the powder is dry. The mass ratio of stearic acid to calcium peroxide powder is (0.05-0.1):

1.

5. A porous slow-release bacterial brick for biological treatment of a pump station forebay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slow-release oxygen-releasing biogel contains, per 100 mL of water: 2.5–3.5 g sodium alginate, 1.5–2.5 g polyvinyl alcohol, 2–4 g stearic acid-modified calcium peroxide, 1–2 g biochar powder, and 1–2 g compound microbial powder.

6. The preparation process of a porous slow-release bacterial brick for biological treatment of a pump station forebay according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: Step S1: Prepare Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler and stearic acid modified calcium peroxide; Step S2: Dry mix silicate cement, porous ceramsite, Fe-Cu-C ternary micro-electrolysis filler, modified polypropylene fiber and pore-forming agent evenly, add water and stir to form a mold, cure for 28 days to obtain a skeleton with interconnected pores; Step S3: Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate in 95℃ hot water, cool and add stearic acid modified calcium peroxide, biochar powder and composite microbial powder, stir evenly to obtain a gel mixture; Step S4: Place the skeleton obtained in Step S2 in a vacuum container, inject the gel mixture obtained in Step S3, maintain negative pressure for 10-20 minutes, restore normal pressure to obtain the injected skeleton; Step S5: Immerse the injected skeleton in a 3%-5% calcium chloride solution for 4-8 hours, take it out and air dry naturally to obtain the finished porous slow-release bacterial brick.

7. The preparation process of a porous slow-release bacterial brick for biological treatment of a pump station forebay according to claim 6, characterized in that, The modified polypropylene fiber has a length of 6–12 mm.

8. The preparation process of a porous slow-release bacterial brick for biological treatment of a pump station forebay according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pore-forming agent is ammonium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate, with a particle size of 2-4 mm.

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