Thermal insulation intermediate material for interior and exterior walls of building and preparation method of thermal insulation intermediate material

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls and a preparation method thereof. The silicon-based composite material is prepared by synthesizing a silicon-based material and an inorganic material and is in a regular porous shape. The intermediate material has the advantages of high temperature resistance (more than 1000 DEG C), light weight (160 Kg / m < 3 >), heat conductivity coefficient of 0.027-0.038 w / mk, good heat insulation performance and fireproof performance, excellent film-forming property, easiness in blade coating and convenience in construction, and is widely applied to heat insulation scenes of inner and outer walls of buildings.

Description

A thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls and its preparation method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal insulation materials technology, specifically to a thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the global energy crisis and the deterioration of the ecological environment, building energy conservation has attracted great attention in my country's industry, and people are putting forward increasingly higher requirements for building materials and thermal insulation technology for interior and exterior walls.

[0003] Currently, wall insulation primarily uses organic polymer foam boards, such as polystyrene foam boards, extruded polystyrene foam boards, and powdered polystyrene foam boards, or insulating mortar materials. These are typically composite structures combining a thermal insulation layer and a decorative protective layer. While these boards are lightweight and offer good insulation, they suffer from poor fire resistance, are easily ignited by open flames, and produce toxic and harmful gases when burning. In addition, the most commonly used exterior wall insulation boards on the market are rock wool boards, mineral wool boards, or calcium silicate boards. These are primarily made from rock wool, mineral wool, or other glass fibers as the base material, with the addition of binders and other additives, and are processed to form insulation boards or fireproof insulation boards. Although these fireproof insulation boards offer relatively good fire resistance and insulation, their high price or high bulk density significantly limits their production and practical use.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop green and environmentally friendly building insulation materials with high safety performance, good fire resistance and flame retardancy, and good thermal insulation effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide an intermediate material for thermal insulation of building interior and exterior walls, which has good thermal insulation and fire resistance properties, and solves the long-standing contradiction in the field of building energy conservation that is difficult to balance thermal insulation and fire resistance. Moreover, the preparation process is simple, the film-forming properties are good, the construction is convenient, and it can be mass-produced to meet the energy conservation and safety requirements of building envelopes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls, comprising, by weight, the following raw materials: 150-350 parts of silicone-based resin, 100-300 parts of hollow glass microspheres with a D50 of 65 micrometers, 30-150 parts of hollow glass microspheres with a D50 of 80 micrometers, 50-150 parts of chlorovinylidene fluoride fire-retardant emulsion, 5-15 parts of thickener, 1-10 parts of silica aerogel, 1-3 parts of surfactant, 10-50 parts of humectant, and composite flame-retardant fibers (1-9...). 1-3 parts of (mm) and 1-10 parts of defoamer, wherein the silicone resin is potassium silicate resin or sodium silicate resin; the thickener is cellulose thickener, preferably hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC); the surfactant is polycarboxylate dispersant; the humectant is propylene glycol; the composite flame-retardant fiber is flame-retardant polypropylene fiber; and the defoamer is a mineral oil polysiloxane composite defoamer.

[0007] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing a thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls, comprising the following steps: Step 1, adding silicone resin and deionized water to a reaction vessel under low-speed stirring, and stirring for 30-60 minutes to obtain a uniform and stable silicone resin base material; Step 2, adding chloropyroxene fire retardant emulsion to another dispersion vessel, and sequentially adding surfactant, humectant, and half the amount of defoamer under low-speed stirring, and stirring evenly to obtain an emulsion mixture; Step 3, slowly adding the emulsion mixture obtained in Step 2 to the silicone resin base material obtained in Step 1, and stirring at low speed to mix evenly to form a composite base material; Step 4, slowly adding to the composite base material obtained in Step 2 under low-speed stirring. Add silica aerogel, composite flame-retardant fiber, and other powder fillers, and stir until uniform and free of dry powder. Increase the speed to medium (800~1200 rpm) and disperse for 15~20 minutes to fully disperse the aerogel and fiber, obtaining a dispersion emulsion. Step 5: Reduce the speed to the minimum (300-500 rpm) and slowly add hollow glass microspheres with a D50 of 65 micrometers and hollow glass microspheres with a D50 of 80 micrometers to the dispersion emulsion obtained in step 4. Use a paddle stirrer to gently stir for 10~15 minutes until the microspheres are evenly distributed. Step 6: Slowly add thickener and the remaining defoamer, stir at low speed for 10~20 minutes to defoam, and obtain a thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages: The thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls provided by this invention is synthesized from silicon-based materials and inorganic materials. Through modification and other processes, the inorganic materials are stacked to create cavities. Upon heating, especially at temperatures above 1000℃, a third material forms between the various materials, for example, decomposing into substances such as carbon and lithium to undergo a strong vitrification reaction. After the formation of the third material, the material exhibits long-lasting ultra-high temperature resistance, becoming more stable at higher temperatures. This intermediate material has good fire resistance, flame retardancy, and thermal insulation properties, low thermal conductivity (0.027-0.035 w / m∙k), high temperature resistance (>1000℃), excellent film-forming properties, is easy to apply, convenient to construct, and can be mass-produced, making it widely applicable in thermal insulation applications for building interior and exterior walls.

[0009] The thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls provided by this invention combines multiple advantages such as "Class A fire resistance, high-efficiency thermal insulation, durability, convenient construction, and green environmental protection", which solves the long-standing contradiction of "thermal insulation and fire prevention" in the field of building energy conservation and provides a better solution for energy conservation and safety of building envelope. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The following embodiments are provided to better understand the present invention and are not limited to the preferred embodiments described. They do not constitute a limitation on the content and scope of protection of the present invention. Any product that is the same as or similar to the present invention, derived by any person under the guidance of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior art, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0011] Where specific experimental steps or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the literature in this field. All raw materials or instruments used are commercially available conventional products, including but not limited to those used in the embodiments of this application.

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing wall insulation materials, such as poor fire resistance and flame retardancy, flammability, high cost, complicated process, and difficulty in on-site construction, which cannot meet the requirements of production and actual use.

[0013] Therefore, this invention provides a thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls and its preparation method. The basic principle is as follows: composed of silicon-based materials and inorganic materials, the inorganic materials are modified to form a cavitation cavity. Upon heating, especially at temperatures above 1000°C, a third material forms between the materials, for example, decomposing into substances such as carbon and lithium for a strong vitrification reaction. After the formation of this third material, the thermal insulation intermediate material exhibits long-lasting ultra-high temperature resistance, becoming more stable at higher temperatures. This intermediate material has excellent thermal insulation and fire resistance properties, good film-forming properties, and is easy to apply, allowing for mass production.

[0014] This invention provides a thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls. By weight, the raw materials include: 150-350 parts of silicone resin, 100-300 parts of hollow glass microspheres with a D50 of 65 micrometers, 30-150 parts of hollow glass microspheres with a D50 of 80 micrometers, 50-150 parts of chloro-vinylidene fluoride fire retardant emulsion, 5-15 parts of thickener, 1-10 parts of silica aerogel, 1-3 parts of surfactant, 10-50 parts of humectant, 1-3 parts of composite flame retardant fiber (1-9 mm), and 1-10 parts of defoamer.

[0015] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, the silicone-based resin is potassium silicate resin or sodium silicate resin; the thickener is a cellulose thickener, preferably hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC); the surfactant is a polycarboxylate dispersant; the humectant is propylene glycol; the composite flame-retardant fiber is flame-retardant polypropylene fiber; and the defoamer is a mineral oil polysiloxane composite defoamer.

[0016] The preparation method of the thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls provided in this embodiment includes: Step 1, adding silicone resin and deionized water to a reaction vessel under low-speed stirring, stirring for 30-60 minutes to obtain a uniform and stable silicone resin base material; Step 2, adding chloropyroxene fire retardant emulsion to another dispersion vessel, and sequentially adding surfactant, humectant and half of the amount of defoamer under low-speed stirring, stirring evenly to obtain an emulsion mixture; Step 3, slowly adding the emulsion mixture obtained in Step 2 to the silicone resin base material obtained in Step 1, stirring at low speed to mix evenly to form a composite base material; Step 4, slowly adding silica gas to the composite base material obtained in Step 2 under low-speed stirring. The aerogel, composite flame-retardant fiber, and other powder fillers are stirred until uniform and free of dry powder. The speed is increased to medium (800~1200 rpm) and dispersed for 15~20 minutes to fully disperse the aerogel and fiber, resulting in a dispersion emulsion. In step 5, the speed is reduced to the minimum (300-500 rpm), and hollow glass microspheres with a D50 of 65 micrometers and D50 of 80 micrometers are slowly added to the dispersion emulsion obtained in step 4. Using a paddle stirrer, the mixture is gently stirred for 10~15 minutes until the microspheres are evenly distributed. In step 6, the thickener and the remaining defoamer are slowly added, and the mixture is stirred at low speed for 10~20 minutes to remove bubbles, resulting in a thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls.

[0017] The experimental examples test the key indicators and performance of the thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls prepared according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] 1. Dry density test reference standard: GB / T 5486-2008 "Test Methods for Inorganic Rigid Thermal Insulation Products" Test steps: Specimen preparation: Pour the well-stirred slurry into a metal mold with dimensions of 100mm×100mm×100mm, and gently vibrate and level it; Standard curing: Place the specimen under standard test conditions of (23±2)℃ and (50±5)% relative humidity for 28 days; Drying to constant weight: Place the cured specimen in a forced-air drying oven at (105±5)℃. Weigh it every 24 hours until the mass change between two weighings is no greater than 0.2%, which is considered constant weight; Weighing and calculation: Weigh the dry mass of the specimen (m, unit kg) using an electronic balance, accurately measure the dimensions of the specimen using vernier calipers, and calculate its volume (V, unit m³). The dry density is calculated using the formula ρ = m / V, and the result is in kg / m³.

[0019] 2. Thermal conductivity test reference standard: GB / T 10294-2008 "Determination of Steady-State Thermal Resistance and Related Properties of Insulation Materials - Protective Hot Plate Method" Test steps: Specimen preparation and conditioning: Prepare two sets of flat thin plate specimens of 300mm×300mm×30mm and condition them to constant mass in an environment of (23±2)℃ and (50±5)% relative humidity; Specimen installation: Install the specimens symmetrically between the hot and cold plates of the protective hot plate thermal conductivity meter to ensure good contact; Setting and balancing: Set the average test temperature (usually 25℃) and the temperature difference between the hot and cold plates (e.g., 10℃ or 20℃), start the equipment, and heat until the system reaches a thermally stable state (i.e., the temperature fluctuation at the measuring point is continuously less than the specified value multiple times); Data acquisition: Under steady-state conditions, the instrument directly measures and records the heat flux density and temperature gradient through the specimen, and automatically calculates the thermal conductivity of the material, in units of W / (m·K).

[0020] 3. Compressive and tensile strength tests refer to the standard: JGJ / T 70-2009 "Standard for Test Methods of Basic Performance of Building Mortar". Compressive strength: Prepare cubic specimens of 70.7mm×70.7mm×70.7mm and cure for 28 days according to standard. Take the specimens out of the curing room and apply epoxy resin or other high-strength leveling agent to the pressure surface to ensure that the pressure surface is flat. Place the treated specimens in the center of the lower platen of the pressure testing machine and apply pressure at a rate of (1.0±0.1)kN / s until the specimen fails. Record the failure load (P, unit N). The compressive strength is calculated according to the formula fc = P / A, where A is the pressure area of ​​the specimen (unit mm²). The result is retained to 0.01MPa.

[0021] Tensile bond strength (tensile strength): A 40mm×40mm metal tensile joint is bonded to the surface of the cured specimen coating using a high-strength adhesive; the prepared specimen is installed on a tensile testing machine, and the tensile joint is clamped by the fixture; a tensile force is applied at a rate of (5±1)mm / min until the specimen fails due to adhesion; the failure load (P, unit N) is recorded, and the tensile strength is calculated according to the formula ft = P / A, where A is the bond area (unit mm²), and the result is retained to 0.01MPa.

[0022] 4. Volumetric water absorption rate test reference standard: GB / T 5486-2008 "Test Methods for Inorganic Rigid Thermal Insulation Products" Test procedure: Weigh the specimen dried to constant weight according to the dry density test requirements and record its dry mass m1; Immerse the specimen completely in a water bath at a temperature of (20±5)℃, keeping the water depth approximately 25mm above the upper surface of the specimen. The soaking time is 2 hours (or 48 hours as required). After the specified time, immediately remove the specimen and gently wipe away the water adhering to the surface of the specimen with a wrung-out damp towel (note that the operation must be quick and completed within 1 minute); Weigh the specimen after water absorption m2; The volumetric water absorption rate is calculated using the formula Wv = [(m2- m1) / V] × 100%, where V is the volume of the specimen (unit cm³), and the result is expressed as a percentage.

[0023] 5. Combustion performance rating test reference standard: GB 8624-2012 "Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products" Test steps: This is a comprehensive classification test, requiring a series of combined tests: Non-combustibility test (refer to GB / T 5464): Place a specimen of a specific size into a furnace at (750±5)℃ and observe its temperature rise, continuous combustion time, and mass loss to determine whether it meets the basic requirements of Class A non-combustible materials; Combustion calorific value test (refer to GB / T 14402): Use an oxygen bomb calorimeter to determine the total calorific value (PCS) of the material; Individual combustion test (SBI, refer to GB / T 20284): Install the specimen in a large combustion device and use a 30kW propane gas burner to attack its edges, comprehensively evaluating its combustion growth rate (FIGRA), total heat release (THR), and smoke generation rate (SMOGRA) and other parameters; Classification determination: Based on the results of all the above tests, compare with GB The grading criteria table in the 8624-2012 standard ultimately determines the flammability rating of materials (e.g., A2).

[0024] 6. Construction Performance Test Reference Standard: JGJ / T 70-2009 "Standard for Test Methods of Basic Performance of Building Mortar" Manual Evaluation Method Test Procedure: Two or more experienced inspectors take about 1.5 kg of mixed mortar and use a steel trowel to manually apply it to the concrete substrate, with a thickness of about 2-3 mm, mainly by feel; Observation and Evaluation: Workability: Whether the mortar is easy to mix evenly, whether the texture is fine, and whether there are obvious rough particles or clumps; Cohesiveness and Water Retention: Whether the mortar is easy to smooth, whether it adheres tightly to the base layer without dripping or sagging; Observe whether the surface of the scraped mortar is moist and glossy, and whether there is any bleeding or rapid absorption of water by the base layer (water loss).

[0025] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0026] Table 1. Key indicators and performance test results of the thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls prepared in the examples.

[0027] As shown in Table 1, the thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls provided by this invention has a low thermal conductivity, achieves a Class A fire rating, and has good fire resistance, flame retardancy, and thermal insulation properties, as well as excellent film-forming properties.

[0028] In summary, this invention achieves its goal through innovative principle: by combining silicon-based materials and inorganic materials and modifying them to create a cavity through a process, the inorganic materials accumulate. Upon heating, especially at temperatures above 1000°C, a third material forms between the materials, such as carbon and lithium, undergoing a strong vitrification reaction. This third material exhibits durable, ultra-high temperature resistance, becoming more stable at higher temperatures, thus perfectly unifying the seemingly contradictory properties of "Class A fire resistance" and "high-efficiency thermal insulation." The thermal insulation intermediate material provided by this invention for building interior and exterior walls has a low thermal conductivity, achieving a Class A fire resistance rating. It possesses excellent fire-retardant and thermal insulation properties, while also exhibiting superior workability, safety, and durability, providing a superior solution for energy conservation and safety in building envelopes.

[0029] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls, characterized in that, By weight, the raw materials include: 150-350 parts of silicone resin, 100-300 parts of hollow glass microspheres with a D50 of 65 micrometers, 30-150 parts of hollow glass microspheres with a D50 of 80 micrometers, 50-150 parts of chlorovinylidene fluoride fire-retardant emulsion, 5-15 parts of thickener, 1-10 parts of silica aerogel, 1-3 parts of surfactant, 10-50 parts of humectant, 1-3 parts of composite flame-retardant fiber (1-9 mm), and 1-10 parts of defoamer. The silicone resin is potassium silicate resin or sodium silicate resin; the thickener is a cellulose thickener, preferably hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC); the surfactant is a polycarboxylate dispersant; the humectant is propylene glycol; the composite flame-retardant fiber is flame-retardant polypropylene fiber; and the defoamer is a mineral oil polysiloxane composite defoamer.

2. The method for preparing the thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Under low-speed stirring, add silicone resin and deionized water to a reaction vessel and stir for 30-60 minutes to obtain a homogeneous and stable silicone resin base material. Step 2: In another dispersion vessel, add chlorovinylidene fluoride fire retardant emulsion, and under low-speed stirring, sequentially add surfactant, humectant, and half the amount of defoamer, stirring until homogeneous to obtain an emulsion mixture. Step 3: Slowly add the emulsion mixture obtained in Step 2 to the silicone resin base material obtained in Step 1, stirring at low speed until homogeneous to form a composite base material. Step 4: Under low-speed stirring, slowly add silica aerogel, composite flame-retardant fibers, and other powder fillers to the composite base material obtained in Step 2. Step 4: Stir the material until it is uniform and free of dry powder. Increase the speed to medium (800~1200 rpm) and disperse for 15~20 minutes to fully disperse the aerogel and fibers, obtaining a dispersion emulsion. Step 5: Reduce the speed to the lowest (300-500 rpm) and slowly add hollow glass microspheres with a D50 of 65 micrometers and hollow glass microspheres with a D50 of 80 micrometers to the dispersion emulsion obtained in step 4. Use a paddle stirrer to gently stir for 10~15 minutes until the microspheres are evenly distributed. Step 6: Slowly add the thickener and the remaining defoamer, stir at low speed for 10~20 minutes to defoam, and obtain the thermal insulation intermediate material for building interior and exterior walls.

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