Device for controlling flow by adjusting outlet area of prewhirl nozzle

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for controlling flow by adjusting the outlet area of a prewhirl nozzle, which comprises a gear driven disc, an adjusting disc, a mounting disc, a shielding device, an adjusting rod and the prewhirl nozzle, and is characterized in that the gear driven disc and the adjusting disc are assembled and matched through the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the gear driven disc and the adjusting disc and are mounted on the mounting disc; the prewhirl nozzle is installed on the side edge of the adjusting disc through the nozzle installation edge and fixed through a radial bolt, and the shielding device is installed on the periphery of the prewhirl nozzle and fixed to the adjusting disc. The adjusting rod is mounted on the gear driven disc, and the adjusting rod rotates the gear driven disc to control the adjusting disc to adjust the position of the shielding device, so that the area of the pre-swirl nozzle is adjusted to control the air inlet flow. And the shielding device, the pre-swirl nozzle and the air outlet are communicated to form an air flow path. The air inlet shielding device is reasonably arranged, the gear driven disc is adjusted and controlled through the adjusting rod, then the circumferential position of the adjusting disc and the circumferential position of the shielding device are controlled, the air inlet area of the pre-rotation nozzle is adjusted, the air inlet flow is effectively controlled, and adjustment is achieved.

Description

A device for controlling flow rate by adjusting the outlet area of ​​a pre-swirl nozzle. Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air system cooling temperature and flow control technology, and in particular to a device for controlling flow by adjusting the outlet area of ​​a pre-rotating nozzle. Background Technology

[0002] The new generation of heavy-duty gas turbines has a combustor outlet temperature exceeding 1600℃ and a simple cycle efficiency greater than 41%. These high combustor outlet temperatures and high single-unit efficiency place new demands on the air supply temperature and flow rate of the air system. On the one hand, higher combustor outlet temperatures require more cooling air or lower cold air temperatures, while higher single-unit efficiency means less cooling air. On the other hand, lower cold air temperatures are not always better; excessively low temperatures result in higher temperature differences between components, reducing component lifespan and reliability. Reasonable cooling air temperature and appropriate cooling air flow distribution are key to solving these problems, ensuring controllable and adjustable cooling air volume while minimizing unnecessary air leakage. Whether the cold air temperature is reasonable and the cold air flow distribution is appropriate requires not only design analysis but also operational adjustment and verification. Therefore, driven by the aforementioned requirements for cold air flow distribution and temperature control, research on cold air temperature and flow control technology for key components of the air system, combined with the characteristics of the cold air flow path in the new generation of heavy-duty gas turbines, is urgently needed.

[0003] Secondary cooling air enters the pre-swirling nozzle flow channel through an external stationary pipeline for flow regulation, and then enters high-temperature components such as blades to achieve cooling. During its flow, the secondary air gradually heats up due to heat exchange with the high-temperature components along the path, resulting in a decrease in quality. Once the geometry of the main throttling elements inside the gas turbine (such as the pre-swirling nozzle) is determined, the induced draft flow rate of the secondary cooling air will only be related to the operating point. The geometry of these throttling elements is often designed and matched to the most stringent design operating point to ensure the service life of the gas turbine. This leads to a significant waste of cooling air during the gas turbine's start-up phase or low-load operation, resulting in increased operating costs. To improve cooling air quality, it is crucial to achieve online control of the cooling air flow rate without shutting down the turbine, ensuring full utilization of the cooling airflow under any operating condition. Therefore, designing a stable and reliable nozzle area adjustment actuator that has minimal impact on the pre-swirling nozzle's flow temperature drop function is essential. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: To address the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention provides a device for controlling flow rate by adjusting the outlet area of ​​a pre-swirl nozzle.

[0005] Technical solution: To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A device for controlling flow rate by adjusting the outlet area of ​​a pre-swirl nozzle includes a lower mounting ring, an upper mounting ring fixed to the outer circumferential edge of the lower mounting ring, a blocking device, an adjusting rod, a gear driven disc, an adjusting disc, a mounting disc, a pre-swirl nozzle, and a nozzle mounting edge. A cavity is formed between the lower mounting ring, the upper mounting ring, and the mounting disc. An air outlet is provided on the circumferential surface of the lower mounting ring, communicating with the cavity and the outside. The blocking device, the pre-swirl nozzle, and the air outlet on the lower mounting ring communicate to form an airflow path. The pre-swirl nozzle is located at the outer edge of the mounting disc and the outer edge of the upper mounting ring. Between the nozzle mounting edge and the outer side of the pre-rotating nozzle, the pre-rotating nozzle is fixed between the outer edge of the mounting plate, the outer edge of the upper mounting ring, and the nozzle mounting edge. The adjusting plate is coaxially connected to one side wall of the mounting plate. The gear driven plate is located outside the shielding device and the adjusting plate and is fixed to the shielding device. The lower mounting ring is coaxially fixed to the mounting plate. The shielding device covers the outer edge of the pre-rotating nozzle. The position of the adjusting plate and the shielding device in the circumferential direction is controlled by adjusting the gear driven plate through the adjusting rod to adjust the area of ​​the shielding device covering the outlet of the pre-rotating nozzle.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer surface of the gear driven disc has an arc-shaped rack, and the adjusting rod is a worm gear. The adjusting rod and the gear driven disc are connected by a worm gear transmission to adjust the movement of the gear driven disc along the circumference of the adjusting disc.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner radius of the shielding device is larger than the outer radius of the mounting plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner radius of the upper mounting ring is larger than the outer radius of the lower mounting ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper and lower mounting rings are coaxially fitted with the mounting plate, the outer bracket is fixed to the right side of the mounting plate, the shielding device is circumferentially fitted with the nozzle circumferential surface, and each level of the plate is assembled axially in sequence.

[0011] Furthermore, the highest radial point of the nozzle is higher than the outer diameter of the mounting plate and lower than the inner diameter of the shielding device.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper mounting ring rests on top of the lower mounting ring and is close to the outer side of the mounting plate, with the screw holes on both sides aligned and axially fixed with bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, the cross-section of the air outlet of the lower mounting ring can be any one of a circle, an ellipse, a square, or a polygon.

[0014] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the significant advantage of this invention is that by rationally exploring the influence of the pre-swirl nozzle blocking method on the overall flow resistance and temperature drop performance of the pre-swirl system, the optimal nozzle area blocking is designed, and a stable and reliable nozzle area adjustment actuator with minimal impact on the flow temperature drop function of the pre-swirl nozzle is rationally designed to stably and reliably regulate the intake flow. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the flow control and regulation device of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the shielding device of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the pre-swirl nozzle structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 is a side view of the assembly structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of nozzle installation and shielding supplement of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the airflow path in this invention;

[0021] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the shielding device and the pre-rotating nozzle in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] As shown in Figure 1, a device for controlling flow rate by adjusting the outlet area of ​​a pre-swirl nozzle in this embodiment includes a lower mounting ring 1, an upper mounting ring 2, a blocking device 3, an adjusting rod 4, a gear driven disc 5, an outer support 6, an adjusting disc 7, a mounting disc 8, a pre-swirl nozzle 9, and a nozzle mounting edge 10. The lower mounting ring 1 has air outlets 11 on its circumferential surface. The blocking device 3, the pre-swirl nozzle 9, and the air outlets on the lower mounting ring 1 are connected to form an airflow path (the airflow path can be seen from the arrow direction in Figure 6). The number of air outlets 11 on the lower mounting ring 1 should be greater than 4.

[0023] The outer bracket 6 rests against the right side wall circumference of the mounting plate 8 and is fixed with axial bolts. The adjusting plate 7 rests against the upper right side wall of the mounting plate 8. As shown in Figure 5, the pre-rotating nozzle 9 is mounted on the nozzle mounting edge 10 and fixed with radial bolts. The gear driven plate 5 is mounted on the right side of the blocking device 3 and the adjusting plate 7. The lower mounting ring 1 is close to the left side wall of the mounting plate 8. The upper mounting ring 2 is above the lower mounting ring 1. The lower mounting ring 1 has an air outlet 11 on its circumferential surface. The blocking device 3, the pre-rotating nozzle 9, the nozzle mounting edge 10, and the air outlet on the lower mounting ring 1 are connected to form an airflow passage. The adjustment rod 4 controls the adjustment of the gear driven plate 5, thereby controlling the rotation of the adjusting plate 7 and adjusting the circumferential position of the blocking device 3 to adjust the air intake area of ​​the pre-rotating nozzle 9, thus effectively controlling the air intake flow rate and achieving adjustment. The positional relationship between the blocking device 3 and the pre-rotating nozzle 9 can be seen in Figure 7. The blocking device 3 can completely or partially block the air outlet area of ​​the pre-rotating nozzle 9 by moving the pre-rotating nozzle 9 circumferentially.

[0024] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the blocking device 3. The nozzle blocking plate is a structure that adjusts the total flow area of ​​the pre-swirling nozzle. By adjusting the circumferential position of the blocking device 3, the inlet area of ​​the pre-swirling nozzle is blocked to achieve flow control adjustment. The nozzle blocking plates, i.e., the blocking devices 3, are distributed on the adjusting disc 7. They are assembled circumferentially and can rotate around the axis at a certain angle to achieve the blocking and release of the nozzle flow area.

[0025] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the inlet and outlet channels of the pre-swirling nozzle 9 have a certain angle. The influence of the nozzle pre-swirling angle on the nozzle flow resistance characteristics was studied through simulation and experiment, and the design of the pre-swirling nozzle was finally determined. Figure 4 is a side view of the assembly. The various disks are tightly connected together through axial, radial and circumferential directions. During the machining process, the fit, error and relative roughness of the inner and outer diameters between the disks must be reasonably controlled. The inner radius of the shielding device is larger than the outer radius of the mounting plate; the inner radius of the upper mounting ring 2 is larger than the outer radius of the lower mounting ring 1. The upper mounting ring 2 and the lower mounting ring 1 are coaxially fitted with the mounting plate 8. The outer bracket 6 is fixed to the right side of the mounting plate 8. The shielding device 3 is circumferentially fitted with the nozzle circumferential surface, and each level of the plate is assembled axially in sequence. The highest radial point of the nozzle is higher than the outer diameter of the mounting plate and lower than the inner diameter of the shielding device 3. The upper mounting ring 2 rests on the upper part of the lower mounting ring 1 and is close to the left side of the mounting plate 8. The screw holes on both sides are aligned and axially fixed with bolts. The adjusting rod 4 is fitted with the gear in the gear driven plate 5. The upper mounting ring 2, the lower mounting ring 1, the mounting plate 8, the adjusting plate 7, the gear driven plate 5 and the outer bracket 6 are coaxially fitted. The shielding device 3 is provided with an air hole, and the lower mounting ring 1 is provided with an air outlet. By adjusting the gear driven plate 5 through the adjusting rod 4, the circumferential position of the adjusting plate 7 and the shielding device 3 is controlled, thereby adjusting the air intake area of ​​the pre-rotating nozzle 9 and effectively controlling the air intake flow rate to achieve adjustment.

Claims

1. A device for controlling flow rate by adjusting the outlet area of ​​a pre-swirling nozzle, characterized in that, Includes a lower mounting ring (1), an upper mounting ring (2) fixed to the outer circumferential edge of the lower mounting ring (1), a shielding device (3), an adjusting rod (4), a gear driven disc (5), an adjusting disc (7), a mounting disc (8), a pre-rotating nozzle (9), and a nozzle mounting edge (10); a cavity is formed between the lower mounting ring (1), the upper mounting ring (2), and the mounting disc (8), and an air outlet (11) is provided on the circumferential surface of the lower mounting ring (1) to connect with the cavity and the outside world. The shielding device (3), the pre-rotating nozzle (9), and the air outlet (11) on the lower mounting ring (1) are connected to form an airflow path; the pre-rotating nozzle (9) is located between the outer edge of the mounting disc (8) and the outer edge of the upper mounting ring (2), and the nozzle mounting edge (10) is located between the outer edge of the mounting disc (8) and the outer edge of the upper mounting ring (2), and the nozzle mounting edge (10) is located between the outer edge of the mounting disc (8) and the outer edge of the upper mounting ring (2), and the nozzle mounting edge (10) is located between the outer edge of the mounting disc (8) and the outer edge of the upper mounting ring (2), and the gear driven disc (5), the adjusting disc (7), the mounting disc (8), the gear driven disc (9), the gear driven disc (10), the gear driven disc (11), the gear driven disc (2), the gear driven disc (3), the gear driven disc (4), ... gear driven disc (7), the gear driven disc (8), the gear driven disc (9), the gear driven disc (10), the gear driven disc (11), the gear driven disc (2), the gear driven disc (9), the gear driven 0) Cover the outside of the pre-rotating nozzle (9) to fix the pre-rotating nozzle (9) between the outer edge of the mounting plate (8), the outer edge of the upper mounting ring (2) and the nozzle mounting edge (10); the adjusting plate (7) is coaxially connected to one side wall of the mounting plate (8), the gear driven plate (5) is located outside the shielding device (3) and the adjusting plate (7) and is fixed to the shielding device (3), the lower mounting ring (1) is coaxially fixed to the mounting plate (8), the shielding device (3) covers the outer edge of the pre-rotating nozzle (9), and the adjusting rod (4) adjusts the gear driven plate (5) to control the position of the adjusting plate (7) and the shielding device (3) in the circumferential direction to adjust the area of ​​the shielding device (3) covering the outlet of the pre-rotating nozzle (9).

2. The device for controlling flow rate by adjusting the outlet area of ​​the pre-swirl nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the gear driven disk (5) has an arc-shaped rack, and the adjusting rod (4) is a worm gear. The adjusting rod (4) and the gear driven disk (5) are driven by the worm gear to adjust the movement of the gear driven disk (5) along the circumference of the adjusting disk (7).

3. The device for controlling flow rate by adjusting the outlet area of ​​the pre-swirl nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner radius of the shielding device (3) is greater than the outer radius of the mounting plate (8).

4. The device for controlling flow rate by adjusting the outlet area of ​​the pre-swirl nozzle as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The inner radius of the upper mounting ring (2) is greater than the outer radius of the lower mounting ring (1).

5. The device for controlling flow rate by adjusting the outlet area of ​​the pre-swirl nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper mounting ring (2) and the lower mounting ring (1) are coaxially fitted with the mounting plate (8), the outer bracket (6) is fixed on the right side of the mounting plate (8), the shielding device (3) is circumferentially fitted with the circumferential surface of the nozzle (9), and each level of plate is assembled axially in sequence.

6. The device for controlling flow rate by adjusting the outlet area of ​​the pre-swirl nozzle as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The highest point of the nozzle (9) is higher than the outer diameter of the mounting plate (8) and lower than the inner diameter of the shielding device (3).

7. The device for controlling flow rate by adjusting the outlet area of ​​the pre-swirl nozzle as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The upper mounting ring (2) rests on top of the lower mounting ring (1) and is close to the outer side of the mounting plate. The screw holes on both sides are aligned and axially fixed with bolts.

8. The device for controlling flow rate by adjusting the outlet area of ​​the pre-swirl nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the air outlet of the lower mounting ring (1) is any one of the following: circular, elliptical, square, or polygonal.

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