Intelligent monitoring and safety pre-warning system for super-long cantilever formwork support and implementation method of intelligent monitoring and safety pre-warning system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building structure monitoring, in particular to an intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system and implementation method for an ultra-long cantilever formwork support, and the system comprises an energy transition recognition module, a delay analysis module, a risk area division module, a risk area analysis module and a real-time early warning module. According to the method, three response data of stress, displacement and vibration are collected in real time and subjected to normalization processing and weighted fusion, the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork support is obtained through calculation, dynamic capture of transient response of the structure is achieved, the defect of traditional regular collection of static data is overcome, the overall energy value is compared with a reference base value, and the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork support is obtained. According to the method, the energy transition moment of the structure state can be identified, an accurate time reference is provided for analyzing a dynamic event, further, the energy transfer delay condition is quantified by analyzing the time difference of the transition moment between different parts, and the energy transfer path and efficiency in the structure can be revealed in the mode.

Description

Intelligent Monitoring and Safety Early Warning System for Ultra-Long Cantilever Formwork Supports and its Implementation Method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure monitoring technology, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system and implementation method for ultra-long cantilever formwork supports. Background Technology

[0002] The field of building structure monitoring technology is an important branch of building engineering safety management. It mainly studies the technical system for real-time monitoring and data analysis of structural stress state, deformation characteristics and safety risks during the construction and operation of building structures.

[0003] Among them, the intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork supports refers to the system that, during the construction of ultra-long cantilever formwork support structures, uses devices such as strain gauges, displacement gauges and tilt sensors on key load-bearing components to periodically collect physical quantities such as structural deformation, load distribution and tilt angle, and records them centrally using a wired data acquisition terminal.

[0004] Current technologies primarily rely on periodic acquisition of physical quantities such as strain, displacement, and tilt angle. This approach struggles to capture the instantaneous response of a structure under sudden loads, as information on transient structural changes occurring between acquisition intervals is completely lost. Furthermore, the focus on gradually changing indicators such as tilt and deformation neglects vibration response, a crucial data point reflecting the dynamic characteristics of a structure. This results in insufficient ability to identify early damage caused by impact or resonance. In addition, current technologies often process monitoring data at the level of recording values ​​at independent measurement points, lacking in-depth analysis of the spatiotemporal correlation of the data. This fails to reveal the energy transfer characteristics within the structure or identify energy transfer anomalies or interruptions caused by localized damage. Therefore, this monitoring method can only reflect localized, static risk characteristics, making it difficult to grasp the overall evolution path and dynamic development trend of risks, leading to delayed early warnings or an inability to accurately pinpoint potential hazardous areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system and implementation method for ultra-long cantilevered formwork supports. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, an intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork supports is provided. This system includes:

[0007] The energy transition identification module collects stress, displacement and vibration response values ​​of each part of the cantilever formwork in real time, performs normalization and weighted fusion, calculates the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork, compares it with the energy reference value, and determines the energy transition moment.

[0008] The delay analysis module analyzes the energy transfer delay between each part of the cantilever formwork based on the energy transition time and generates energy transfer delay information.

[0009] The risk area division module divides the area according to each part of the cantilever formwork, calculates the variance of the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork in each area, compares it with the preset variance threshold, filters out risk areas, and obtains risk area marking information.

[0010] The risk area analysis module, based on the risk area marking information, determines the risk distribution changes between adjacent parts of each risk area, identifies potential dangerous sections of the cantilevered formwork, and generates risk zone information;

[0011] The real-time early warning module extracts the energy transfer delay information between each part of the cantilevered formwork in the risk zone information, sets the risk level, maps the risk level to the preset cantilevered formwork BIM model, provides real-time monitoring and early warning, and obtains monitoring and early warning results.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention, the results of the energy transition identification module are specifically energy value, energy reference value, and energy transition time; the results of the delay analysis module are specifically energy transfer delay information; the results of the risk area division module are specifically risk area marking information and risk area; the results of the risk area analysis module are specifically risk zone information, potential dangerous sections, and risk distribution changes; and the results of the real-time early warning module are specifically monitoring and early warning results, risk level, and BIM model mapping information.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention, the energy transition identification module includes:

[0014] The data fusion calculation submodule collects stress, displacement and vibration response values ​​of each part of the cantilever formwork in real time, normalizes the three response data respectively, and performs weighted fusion calculation on the normalized data according to the weight coefficient of each part to obtain the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork.

[0015] The energy change analysis submodule obtains a preset energy reference base value, compares the real-time overall energy value of the cantilever formwork with the energy reference base value to quantify the energy factor, and tracks the energy amplitude change trend of the cantilever formwork based on multiple energy factors in a continuous time series.

[0016] The energy transition determination submodule obtains the preset energy transition response threshold and energy transition confirmation threshold, determines whether the energy amplitude change trend of the cantilever support frame continuously crosses the energy transition response threshold and energy transition confirmation threshold, and counts the number of crossings. When the counted number of crossings exceeds the preset number threshold, the energy transition time is obtained.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention, the process of comparing the real-time overall energy value of the cantilevered formwork with the energy reference base value to quantify the energy factor includes:

[0018] Calculate the numerical difference between the overall energy value of the cantilevered formwork support and the energy reference base value;

[0019] The energy factor is obtained by dividing the numerical difference by the energy reference base value.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention, the delay analysis module includes:

[0021] The time difference calculation submodule extracts the time point of the transition of each monitoring part in the cantilever support frame according to the energy transition time, calculates the time difference between any two parts, characterizes the energy transfer delay between parts, and obtains the energy transfer delay value between parts.

[0022] The discontinuity judgment submodule calls the energy transfer delay value between the parts, compares and analyzes the degree of delay difference of multiple parts combinations, judges whether there is discontinuity in energy transfer based on the preset delay difference threshold, and marks the parts combination with the difference exceeding the delay difference threshold as an unstable region, and obtains the potential nonlinear response region.

[0023] The delay information generation submodule, based on the energy transfer delay value between the parts and the potential nonlinear response region, integrates all time delay quantification data between each part of the cantilever support frame and the location markers of unstable regions to generate energy transfer delay information.

[0024] As a further aspect of the present invention, the risk area division module includes:

[0025] The regional energy variance calculation submodule divides the cantilever formwork into regions based on each part of the formwork and obtains the stress, displacement and vibration response values ​​of each region. Based on the three response data in each region, it performs variance analysis to calculate the energy fluctuation variance of each region.

[0026] The risk area screening submodule obtains a preset variance threshold, compares the energy fluctuation variance of each region with the preset variance threshold one by one, filters all regions whose energy fluctuation exceeds the variance threshold, and establishes a risk area list.

[0027] The risk labeling generation submodule divides the risk areas into risk levels according to the risk area list, and reorders each risk area according to the risk level to generate risk area labeling information.

[0028] As a further aspect of the present invention, the process of classifying risk levels according to the risk area list includes:

[0029] Obtain the energy fluctuation variance for each region in the risk region list;

[0030] Calculate the extent by which the energy fluctuation variance of each region exceeds the preset variance threshold;

[0031] Multiple risk level ranges are set, the magnitude is mapped to the multiple risk level ranges, and the risk level of each risk region is determined.

[0032] As a further aspect of the present invention, the risk area analysis module includes:

[0033] The risk difference analysis submodule extracts the risk level of the marked area based on the risk area marking information, analyzes the risk distribution changes between each risk area and adjacent parts, calculates the risk level difference between adjacent parts, and quantifies the risk fluctuation difference to obtain risk distribution difference information.

[0034] The dangerous section identification submodule obtains a preset risk fluctuation difference threshold, marks the adjacent parts in the risk distribution difference information that exceed the risk fluctuation difference threshold, identifies the areas with risks on the cantilever formwork, and establishes potential dangerous sections.

[0035] The risk zone information generation submodule integrates and structurally summarizes the location information of all potentially dangerous sections on the cantilevered formwork to generate risk zone information.

[0036] As a further aspect of the present invention, the real-time early warning module includes:

[0037] The risk level adjustment submodule extracts the risk level of each region in the risk zone information and analyzes the energy transfer situation between corresponding regions in the energy transfer delay information. Based on the degree of energy transfer delay, it dynamically adjusts the risk level of the region to generate the comprehensive risk level of the cantilever formwork.

[0038] The risk model mapping submodule establishes a BIM model with the geometry of the cantilever formwork, the stress and connection relationships of each part, and maps the comprehensive risk level of the cantilever formwork to the corresponding structural part in the cantilever formwork BIM model, thus establishing spatial distribution information of risk level.

[0039] The real-time early warning generation submodule divides the risk level into multiple early warning levels based on the spatial distribution information, and configures a corresponding warning label for each early warning level to obtain the monitoring and early warning results.

[0040] On the other hand, the method for implementing intelligent monitoring and safety early warning of ultra-long cantilever formwork supports, which is based on the aforementioned intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork supports, includes the following steps:

[0041] S1: Real-time acquisition of stress, displacement and vibration response values ​​of each part of the cantilever formwork, normalization and weighted fusion, calculation of the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork, comparison with the energy reference value, and determination of the energy transition moment;

[0042] S2: Based on the energy transition time, analyze the energy transfer delay between each part of the cantilever support frame and generate energy transfer delay information;

[0043] S3: Divide the cantilevered formwork into regions based on each part of the cantilevered formwork, calculate the variance of the overall energy value of the cantilevered formwork in each region, compare it with the preset variance threshold, screen out risk areas, and obtain risk area marking information;

[0044] S4: Based on the risk area marking information, determine the risk distribution changes between adjacent parts of each risk area, identify potential dangerous sections of the cantilevered formwork, and generate risk zone information;

[0045] S5: Extract the energy transfer delay information between each part of the cantilever formwork in the risk zone information, set the risk level, map the risk level to the preset cantilever formwork BIM model, provide real-time monitoring and early warning, and obtain monitoring and early warning results.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0047] By collecting real-time stress, displacement, and vibration response data, and performing normalization and weighted fusion, the overall energy value of the cantilevered formwork is calculated, achieving dynamic capture of the structural transient response. This overcomes the shortcomings of traditional periodic static data collection. By comparing the overall energy value with a reference base value, the energy transition moments of the structural state can be identified, providing a precise time benchmark for analyzing dynamic events. Furthermore, by analyzing the time differences of transition moments in different locations, the energy transfer delay is quantified. This method reveals the energy transfer path and efficiency within the structure, effectively identifying discontinuous energy transfer areas caused by local damage or connection failures, eliminating reliance on isolated measurement point data. Simultaneously, the calculation of regional energy fluctuation variance is introduced to assess regional stability from a fluctuation perspective. Combined with the risk distribution change analysis between adjacent areas, potential dangerous sections with rapidly changing risk levels are accurately identified, outlining the overall risk zone information of the structure. Finally, the risk zone information is combined with energy transfer delay information to dynamically adjust and generate a comprehensive risk level. This level is then mapped to the BIM model, providing intuitive and precisely located monitoring and early warning results, greatly improving the timeliness and accuracy of early warnings. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork support provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the system framework of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the energy transition identification module in this invention;

[0052] Figure 4 is a flowchart of the delay analysis module in this invention;

[0053] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the risk area division module in this invention;

[0054] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the risk area analysis module in this invention;

[0055] Figure 7 is a flowchart of the real-time early warning module in this invention;

[0056] Figure 8 is a flowchart of the implementation method of intelligent monitoring and safety early warning for ultra-long cantilever formwork support provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] In embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily," "for example," etc., are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or either one.

[0059] In the embodiments of this invention, the terms "image" and "picture" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing the distinction between them, they convey the same meaning. Similarly, the terms "of," "corresponding (relevant)," and "corresponding" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing the distinction between them, they convey the same meaning.

[0060] In this embodiment of the invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be written in a non-subscript form such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meaning they express is the same.

[0061] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0062] This invention provides an intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilevered formwork supports, as shown in Figure 1. The system includes:

[0063] The energy transition identification module collects stress, displacement and vibration response values ​​of each part of the cantilever formwork in real time, performs normalization and weighted fusion, calculates the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork, compares it with the energy reference value, and determines the energy transition moment.

[0064] The delay analysis module analyzes the energy transfer delay between each part of the cantilever formwork based on the energy transition time and generates energy transfer delay information.

[0065] The risk area division module divides the area according to each part of the cantilever formwork, calculates the variance of the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork in each area, compares it with the preset variance threshold, filters out risk areas, and obtains risk area marking information.

[0066] The risk area analysis module, based on the risk area marking information, determines the risk distribution changes between adjacent parts of each risk area, identifies potential dangerous sections of the cantilevered formwork, and generates risk zone information;

[0067] The real-time early warning module extracts the energy transfer delay information between each part of the cantilevered formwork in the risk zone information, sets the risk level, maps the risk level to the preset cantilevered formwork BIM model, provides real-time monitoring and early warning, and obtains the monitoring and early warning results;

[0068] The results of the energy transition identification module are specifically energy value, energy reference value, and energy transition time; the results of the delay analysis module are specifically energy transfer delay information; the results of the risk area division module are specifically risk area marking information and risk area; the results of the risk area analysis module are specifically risk zone information, potential dangerous sections, and changes in risk distribution; and the results of the real-time early warning module are specifically monitoring and early warning results, risk level, and BIM model mapping information.

[0069] Please refer to Figures 2 and 3. The energy transition identification module includes:

[0070] The data fusion calculation submodule collects stress, displacement and vibration response values ​​of each part of the cantilever formwork in real time, normalizes the three response data respectively, and performs weighted fusion calculation on the normalized data according to the weight coefficient of each part to obtain the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork.

[0071] Firstly, real-time response data is collected by sensors deployed at key nodes of the cantilever formwork structure, such as the root, middle, and end of the cantilever beam, and the connection points between the tie rods and the main structure. These sensors include stress gauges, displacement gauges, and high-frequency vibration accelerometers, used to obtain the stress, displacement, and vibration response values ​​of specific monitoring locations at the current moment. Taking points A (root of the cantilever beam), B (middle of the cantilever beam), and C (end of the cantilever beam) of the cantilever formwork as examples, the raw data collected at a certain time T0 are: point A: stress 50MPa, displacement 2mm, vibration response value 0.5m / s²; point B: stress 30MPa, displacement 4mm, vibration response value 0.8m / s²; point C: stress 15MPa, displacement 6mm, vibration response value 1.2m / s².

[0072] Subsequently, the three collected response data were normalized. The purpose of normalization was to eliminate the influence of differences in physical dimensions and numerical ranges. The maximum and minimum values ​​used for normalization were obtained through loading failure experiments on similar cantilevered formwork supports within the design load range. In the experiments, stress, displacement, and vibration response data were recorded throughout the entire process from the initial state to structural failure, and the maximum and minimum values ​​over the entire life cycle were selected as the normalization benchmarks. For example, through experimental verification on 100 groups of similar structures, the stress value range was determined to be 0-150MPa, the displacement value range to be 0-20mm, and the vibration response value range to be 0-5m / s². Then, the normalized stress value at point A is (50-0) / (150-0) = 0.33, the normalized displacement value is (2-0) / (20-0) = 0.1, and the normalized vibration response value is (0.5-0) / (5-0) = 0.1. Similarly, the normalized values ​​for the three data points at point B are 0.2, 0.2, and 0.16; the normalized values ​​for the three data points at point C are 0.1, 0.3, and 0.24.

[0073] Next, a weighted fusion operation is performed on the normalized data according to the weight coefficient of each part. The weight coefficients are set based on the degree of influence of each monitored part on the overall structural stability, which is determined through finite element simulation analysis. In the finite element model, unit perturbations are applied to different parts, and the resulting changes in the overall structural strain energy are observed. Parts with more drastic changes are assigned higher weights. Through simulation analysis of 20 different working conditions, the weight coefficients for points A, B, and C are determined to be 0.6, 0.3, and 0.1, respectively. This weight coefficient setting process has undergone repeated simulation verification. A series of working conditions under different combinations of wind loads and construction loads were selected, virtual forces were applied to each part, and the changes in strain energy of the overall structure were recorded. The changes in strain energy caused by each part were sorted and normalized, and the above weight allocation scheme was finally determined, ensuring the rationality and stability of the weight coefficients. During the weighted fusion calculation, the fusion energy value of each monitoring point is first calculated: the fusion energy value of point A is the sum of the three normalized values ​​(0.33 + 0.1 + 0.1) divided by 3, resulting in 0.177; the fusion energy value of point B is the sum of the three normalized values ​​(0.2 + 0.2 + 0.16) divided by 3, resulting in 0.187; and the fusion energy value of point C is the sum of the three normalized values ​​(0.1 + 0.3 + 0.24) divided by 3, resulting in 0.213. Then, the fusion energy value of each point is multiplied by its corresponding weight coefficient and summed, i.e., (0.177 multiplied by 0.6) plus (0.187 multiplied by 0.3) plus (0.213 multiplied by 0.1), finally yielding the overall energy value of the cantilevered formwork at time T0, which is 0.1836.

[0074] The energy change analysis submodule obtains a preset energy reference base value, compares the real-time overall energy value of the cantilever formwork with the energy reference base value to quantify the energy factor, and tracks the energy amplitude change trend of the cantilever formwork based on multiple energy factors in a continuous time series.

[0075] The process of comparing the real-time overall energy value of the cantilevered formwork with the energy reference base value to quantify the energy factor includes:

[0076] Calculate the numerical difference between the overall energy value of the cantilevered formwork support and the energy reference value;

[0077] Divide the numerical difference by the energy reference base value to obtain the energy factor;

[0078] A preset energy reference baseline value is obtained. This energy reference baseline value is set by continuously collecting three response data points from various monitoring points for 72 hours in a quiet environment with no wind or light breeze, after the cantilevered formwork is erected but before it begins to bear load. Following the calculation process of the data fusion calculation submodule, over ten thousand overall energy values ​​are calculated. After removing the maximum and minimum values, the arithmetic mean of all remaining overall energy values ​​is calculated, and this average is used as the energy reference baseline value. This process ensures that the baseline value accurately reflects the foundation energy consumption level of the structure under static stability. For example, after the above measurements and calculations, the energy reference baseline value is set to 0.1200. Subsequently, the real-time overall energy value of 0.1836 calculated by the data fusion calculation submodule is compared with the energy reference baseline value of 0.1200. The comparison process first calculates the numerical difference between the overall energy value of the cantilevered formwork and the energy reference baseline value, i.e., 0.1836 minus 0.1200, resulting in a numerical difference of 0.0636. Then, dividing the numerical difference of 0.0636 by the energy reference base value of 0.1200 yields an energy factor of 0.53. This energy factor is a dimensionless relative value. By calculating the energy factor over a continuous time series, for example, every second, a series of energy factor values ​​can be obtained. For instance, the energy factors at three consecutive times T0, T1, and T2 are 0.53, 0.65, and 0.82, respectively. By tracking these energy factor values ​​over the continuous time series, the trend of energy amplitude variation of the cantilevered formwork can be established.

[0079] The energy transition determination submodule obtains the preset energy transition response threshold and energy transition confirmation threshold, determines whether the energy amplitude change trend of the cantilever support frame continuously crosses the energy transition response threshold and energy transition confirmation threshold, and counts the number of crossings. When the counted number of crossings exceeds the preset number threshold, the energy transition time is obtained.

[0080] Preset energy transition response thresholds and energy transition confirmation thresholds are obtained. These thresholds are set based on extensive structural loading experimental data. In the experiments, loads are gradually applied to the cantilevered formwork while monitoring changes in the energy factor. When the structure exhibits its first observable inelastic deformation (e.g., a small slippage at a weld point), the energy factor value at that time is recorded. Statistical analysis of these energy factor values ​​recorded in 50 independent experiments is performed, and the 30th percentile of the statistical distribution is taken as the lower limit of the energy transition response threshold, and the 50th percentile as the upper limit, forming an interval. Similarly, when the structure exhibits significant and irreversible plastic deformation, the energy factor value at that time is recorded, and the 70th percentile of the statistical distribution of these energy factor values ​​in 50 experiments is taken as the lower limit of the energy transition confirmation threshold, and the 90th percentile as the upper limit. For example, after experimental verification, the energy transition response threshold is set to [0.60, 0.70], and the energy transition confirmation threshold is set to [0.80, 0.90]. The judgment process involves checking a continuous sequence of energy factors. Taking the aforementioned sequence [0.53, 0.65, 0.82] as an example, 0.53 at time T0 does not enter any threshold; 0.65 at time T1 enters the energy transition response threshold; and 0.82 at time T2 enters the energy transition confirmation threshold. This process completes one continuous leap. The submodule continuously counts the number of such continuous leaps from the response threshold to the confirmation threshold. Simultaneously, a preset threshold number is obtained, for example, 3 times. This threshold is set to exclude misjudgments caused by a single gust of wind or instantaneous impact. By analyzing energy fluctuation patterns caused by real risk events and environmental disturbances in historical monitoring data, it is found that energy leaps in real risks are usually continuous, and three or more consecutive leaps are a reliable indicator of risk accumulation. When the number of leaps counted exceeds three within the set time window (e.g., within 10 seconds), the time point when the last energy factor value enters the energy transition confirmation threshold, i.e., time T2, is determined as the energy leap moment.

[0081] Please refer to Figures 2 and 4. The delay analysis module includes:

[0082] The time difference calculation submodule extracts the time point of the transition of each monitoring part in the cantilever support frame according to the energy transition time, calculates the time difference between any two parts, characterizes the energy transfer delay between parts, and obtains the energy transfer delay value between parts.

[0083] Based on the energy transition time obtained by the energy transition identification module, such as time T2, further backtracking analysis is performed. In practice, instead of directly using the overall time T2, the analysis extracts the time point within a very short time window before and after time T2 (e.g., 0.5 seconds before and after), where each independent monitoring point in the cantilevered formwork experiences a local energy transition. A local energy transition refers to the time point when the fused energy value of each monitoring point (calculated in the data fusion calculation submodule) first exceeds a locally set threshold for each point. This local threshold is also based on experimental data and reflects the energy level at which a single point enters an unstable state. For example, the fused energy values ​​of points A, B, and C are 0.177, 0.187, and 0.213, respectively. Assuming the local transition threshold for points A, B, and C is 0.190, then when the overall transition occurs, point A has not yet transitioned, while points B and C have. High-precision clock recordings revealed that the fusion energy value at point B reached 0.191 at T2-0.3 seconds, and the fusion energy value at point C reached 0.213 at T2-0.1 seconds. Therefore, the extracted transition time points at point B and C were T2-0.1 seconds. Next, the time difference between any two transition points was calculated. In this example, the time difference between point C and point B was calculated as (T2-0.1 seconds) minus (T2-0.3 seconds), resulting in 0.2 seconds. This 0.2-second difference represents the energy transfer delay between point B and point C, characterizing the time consumed for energy to transfer from point B to point C. By performing pairwise calculations on all monitoring point pairs that have experienced transitions, a complete list of energy transfer delay values ​​between locations was obtained.

[0084] The discontinuity judgment submodule calls the energy transfer delay value between parts, compares and analyzes the degree of delay difference of multiple parts combinations, judges whether there is discontinuity in energy transfer based on the preset delay difference threshold, and marks the parts combination with the difference exceeding the delay difference threshold as unstable region, and obtains potential nonlinear response region.

[0085] The submodule generates energy transfer delay values ​​between locations using the time difference calculation submodule, for example, the delay from point B to point C is 0.2 seconds. This submodule compares and analyzes the degree of delay difference between multiple location combinations. The analysis object here is a combination of monitoring points with physical continuity in the structure. For example, points A, B, and C are arranged sequentially on a cantilever beam. In a stable structure, the energy transfer speed should be relatively uniform, meaning the delay from A to B should be approximately the same as the delay from B to C within a reasonable range. For comparison, a preset time delay difference threshold is needed. This threshold is set through physical model experiments and computer simulations under ideal conditions. In the simulation model, a standard impact load is applied to point A, and the time required for the energy wave to travel to points B and C is recorded, for example, 0.08 seconds and 0.15 seconds respectively. Therefore, the theoretical delay from A to B is 0.08 seconds, and the theoretical delay from B to C is 0.07 seconds. Considering the uncertainties and material non-uniformity in actual construction, 30% of the theoretical delay value is taken as the allowable fluctuation range. Therefore, the time delay difference threshold from B to C is set to 0.07 seconds multiplied by 1.3, which is 0.091 seconds. Returning to the example, the calculated actual time delay from B to C is 0.2 seconds. This 0.2 seconds is compared to the time delay difference threshold of 0.091 seconds. Since 0.2 seconds clearly exceeds 0.091 seconds, it is determined that there is a discontinuity in energy transfer between points B and C. Subsequently, the combination of points B and C is marked as an unstable region. By traversing the time delay values ​​of all adjacent combinations and comparing them with their respective thresholds, all marked regions are finally obtained, forming a set of potential nonlinear response regions.

[0086] The delay information generation submodule, based on the energy transfer delay value between parts and the potential nonlinear response region, integrates all time delay quantification data between each part of the cantilever support frame and the location markers of unstable areas to generate energy transfer delay information.

[0087] Based on the time difference calculation submodule, the energy transfer delay values ​​between all parts output by the submodule, and the potential nonlinear response regions marked by the discontinuity judgment submodule, the information is integrated and structured. The integration process first gathers the time delay quantification data between all parts, forming a time delay matrix or list, which records detailed information pairs such as "from point B to point C, delay 0.2 seconds". Simultaneously, the location information of all regions marked as "unstable" is extracted, such as "part combination (B, C)". Then, these two types of information are structured and summarized to generate an energy transfer delay information report. This report not only includes the specific numerical values ​​of the energy transfer rate between any two monitoring points on the cantilever formwork, but also clearly indicates the structural locations where energy transfer anomalies occur, potentially indicating loose connections or material damage. For example, the generated delay information will clearly indicate that there is a significant delay in the energy transfer process from the middle section (point B) to the end (point C) of the cantilever beam, with a delay time of 0.2 seconds, exceeding the normal range; this section is marked as a potential nonlinear response region.

[0088] Please refer to Figures 2 and 5. The risk area delineation module includes:

[0089] The regional energy variance calculation submodule divides the cantilever formwork into regions based on each part of the formwork and obtains the stress, displacement and vibration response values ​​of each region. Based on the three response data in each region, it performs variance analysis to calculate the energy fluctuation variance of each region.

[0090] First, based on the structural layout of the cantilever formwork and the distribution of monitoring points, the area is divided into regions. The principle of division is to group monitoring points that are physically adjacent and have similar structural functions into one region. For example, point A at the root of the cantilever beam is divided into the "root region," point B in the middle and another adjacent monitoring point B' are divided into the "middle region," and points C and C' at the ends are divided into the "end region." After division, continuous data sequences of stress, displacement, and vibration response values ​​for each region are obtained within a preset time window (e.g., the most recent 5 minutes). Taking the "middle region" as an example, stress, displacement, and vibration response values ​​for points B and B' are obtained, collected once per second over the past 300 seconds, resulting in three time series containing 300 data points for each measuring point. Next, based on the three response data for each region, variance analysis is performed. The specific calculation process is as follows: for the stress data of the "middle region," the stress data sequences of points B and B' are first merged to form a set containing 600 data points. Calculate the arithmetic mean of this set, for example, the average stress is 35 MPa. Then, iterate through each data point in the set and calculate the square of the difference between that data point and the average value of 35 MPa. Finally, calculate the average of all 600 squared differences; this result is the stress fluctuation variance for the "central region". Calculate the displacement fluctuation variance and vibration fluctuation variance using the same method. Finally, sum these three variance values ​​with weights (the weights can be set according to the risk indication of different response types, for example, vibration has a higher weight than displacement) to obtain the regional energy fluctuation variance for the "central region". Repeat this process to calculate the energy fluctuation variance for all regions.

[0091] The risk area screening submodule obtains a preset variance threshold, compares the energy fluctuation variance of each area with the preset variance threshold one by one, filters all areas whose energy fluctuation exceeds the variance threshold, and establishes a risk area list.

[0092] A preset variance threshold value is obtained. This threshold value is determined through analysis of a large amount of historical monitoring data. The data sources include two types: monitoring data from multiple long-term stable cantilevered formwork structures of the same type, and monitoring data from structures that eventually fail due to instability. Comparative analysis reveals that under normal operating conditions, the energy fluctuation variance of stable structures in each region typically remains at a low level. The 95th percentile of the statistical distribution of stable structure variance data is selected as a benchmark. For example, through analysis of 2 million data sets from 100 stable construction sites, this value is determined to be 0.005. To allow for a safety margin, the variance threshold value is set to 1.2 times this benchmark value, i.e., 0.006. This variance threshold value setting process underwent rigorous data statistics and risk assessment to ensure the reliability of the selection criteria. Subsequently, the energy fluctuation variance of each region calculated by the regional energy variance calculation submodule is compared one by one with the preset variance threshold value of 0.006. Assume the calculated variances are 0.004 for the "root region," 0.009 for the "middle region," and 0.012 for the "end region." When comparing, the variance of the "root region" (0.004) is less than 0.006 and is not filtered; the variance of the "middle region" (0.009) is greater than 0.006 and is filtered; the variance of the "end region" (0.012) is also greater than 0.006 and is filtered. All filtered regions whose energy fluctuations exceed the variance thresholds—namely, the "middle region" and the "end region"—are included to create a risk area list.

[0093] The risk labeling generation submodule divides the risk areas into risk levels based on the risk area list, and reorders each risk area according to the risk level to generate risk area labeling information;

[0094] The process of classifying risk levels based on the list of risk areas includes:

[0095] Obtain the energy fluctuation variance for each region in the risk region list;

[0096] Calculate the extent to which the energy fluctuation variance in each region exceeds the preset variance threshold;

[0097] Multiple risk level ranges are set, and the magnitude is mapped to multiple risk level ranges to determine the risk level of each risk area;

[0098] Based on the risk area list established by the risk area screening submodule, the areas in the list are classified into risk levels. The classification process first involves obtaining the energy fluctuation variance for each area in the risk area list; for example, the variance for the "central area" is 0.009, and the variance for the "end area" is 0.012. Then, the extent to which the energy fluctuation variance of each area exceeds the preset variance threshold of 0.006 is calculated. Specifically, the variance value of the area is subtracted from the variance threshold. For example, the overshoot of the "central area" is 0.009 minus 0.006, resulting in 0.003; the overshoot of the "end area" is 0.012 minus 0.006, resulting in 0.006. Next, multiple risk level intervals are set. These intervals are determined based on the analysis of historical failure cases, correlating different degrees of variance overshoot with the actual observed structural risk status. For example, risk level ranges are defined as follows: overshoot between 0.001 and 0.003 is defined as "Level 1 Risk"; overshoot between 0.003 and 0.005 is defined as "Level 2 Risk"; and overshoot exceeding 0.005 is defined as "Level 3 Risk". The calculated overshoots are mapped to these risk level ranges. The overshoot of 0.003 in the "Middle Region" falls exactly at the upper limit of "Level 1 Risk", or according to rules (e.g., including the upper limit), it is classified as "Level 2 Risk" (here, we assume it's Level 2). The overshoot of 0.006 in the "End Region" is greater than 0.005 and is determined as "Level 3 Risk". After determining the risk level of each risk region, the risk region list is reordered in descending order of risk level, resulting in the sorted list: [("End Region", "Level 3 Risk"), ("Middle Region", "Level 2 Risk")]. This sorted list is the final generated risk region labeling information.

[0099] Please refer to Figures 2 and 6. The risk area analysis module includes:

[0100] The risk difference analysis submodule extracts the risk level of the marked area based on the risk area marking information, analyzes the risk distribution changes between each risk area and its adjacent parts, calculates the risk level difference between adjacent parts, and quantifies the risk fluctuation difference to obtain risk distribution difference information.

[0101] Based on the risk area marking information generated by the risk area division module, the risk level of the marked areas is extracted. For example, the risk level of the "end area" is extracted as "Level 3," and the risk level of the "middle area" is "Level 2." For areas not appearing in the risk area marking information, such as the "root area," the risk level is defaulted to "Level 0." Next, the risk distribution changes between each risk area and its physically adjacent parts are analyzed. On the cantilevered formwork, the "root area," "middle area," and "end area" are sequentially adjacent. During the analysis, the risk level difference between adjacent parts is calculated. First, the "middle area" and the "root area" are analyzed; the risk level difference is "Level 2" minus "Level 0," resulting in a difference of 2. Then, the "end area" and the "middle area" are analyzed; the risk level difference is "Level 3" minus "Level 2," resulting in a difference of 1. In this way, the abstract risk level is transformed into a quantifiable risk fluctuation difference. The resulting risk distribution difference information is a series of data pairs describing the degree of risk level jumps between adjacent areas, for example: [("root-middle", 2), ("middle-end", 1)].

[0102] The hazardous section identification submodule obtains a preset risk fluctuation difference threshold, marks adjacent parts that exceed the risk fluctuation difference threshold in the risk distribution difference information, identifies areas with risks on the cantilevered formwork, and establishes potential hazardous sections.

[0103] A preset risk fluctuation difference threshold is obtained. This threshold is set based on structural safety management standards and expert experience. Typically, the transmission and evolution of structural risks is a gradual process, and the risk levels of adjacent areas should not change drastically. Dramatic changes often indicate a concentration or abrupt change in risk. A retrospective analysis of 20 cantilevered formwork cases that have failed revealed that in over 85% of these cases, the risk level difference between the adjacent areas of the final failure point exceeded 1 before failure. Therefore, the risk fluctuation difference threshold is set to 2. This means that any risk level difference between adjacent areas reaching or exceeding 2 is considered an abnormal signal requiring high attention. Next, the adjacent parts exceeding the risk fluctuation difference threshold in the risk distribution difference information obtained from the risk difference analysis submodule are labeled. In the example [("root-middle", 2), ("middle-end", 1)], each difference is compared to the threshold 2. The difference between "root-middle" is 2, reaching the threshold; therefore, the connecting section between "root" and "middle" is labeled. The difference between the "middle" and "end" sections is 1, which is less than the threshold and therefore no action is taken. This process identifies areas on the cantilevered formwork where the risk level changes abruptly, and these areas are grouped together as potentially hazardous sections. In this example, the potentially hazardous section refers to the boundary between the "root area" and the "middle area."

[0104] The risk zone information generation submodule integrates the location information of all potentially dangerous sections on the cantilevered formwork and performs structured summarization to generate risk zone information.

[0105] The location information of all potential hazardous sections established by the hazardous section identification submodule is integrated and structurally summarized. The integration process involves arranging all marked sections in an orderly manner according to their physical location on the cantilevered formwork. For example, if other areas, such as the "stay-main structure connection section" in addition to the "root-middle" boundary, are also marked as potentially hazardous sections, the submodule will collect both of these location information. Structural summarization refers to transforming this discrete location information into a report with a macroscopic descriptive meaning of the overall structural risk distribution. This report clearly depicts one or more "risk zones" connected by high-risk areas and sections with drastic risk changes. For example, the summarized information might state: There is a risk zone on the cantilevered formwork that begins at the boundary between the "root area" and the "middle area" and runs through the entire "middle area" and "end area." This risk zone information visually presents the weakest and most likely continuous path in the structure to cause a chain reaction.

[0106] Please refer to Figures 2 and 7. The real-time early warning module includes:

[0107] The risk level adjustment submodule extracts the risk level of each area in the risk zone information and analyzes the energy transfer between corresponding areas in the energy transfer delay information. Based on the degree of energy transfer delay, it dynamically adjusts the risk level of the area to generate the comprehensive risk level of the cantilever formwork.

[0108] The risk zone information generation submodule extracts the risk level of each region from the risk zone information, for example, the "central region" is "Level 2 risk" and the "end region" is "Level 3 risk". Simultaneously, it analyzes the energy transfer delay information generated by the delay analysis module to determine the energy transfer between corresponding regions. For example, the delay information shows that "the energy transfer delay from point B (located in the central region) to point C (located in the end region) is 0.2 seconds, indicating a discontinuity". The adjustment process dynamically adjusts the risk level of each region based on the degree of energy transfer delay. The adjustment rule base is established based on experiments and simulations, defining gain coefficients for different delay levels on the risk level. For example, the rule stipulates that if two adjacent regions are both in a risk state and there is a discontinuity in energy transfer between them (i.e., the delay exceeds a threshold), the risk level of the region with the lower risk level is increased by one level, and the risk level of the region with the higher risk level is also increased by one level to reflect the trend of risk diffusion and aggravation. In this example, the "central region" is Level 2, the "end region" is Level 3, and there is a discontinuity in the transfer between them. According to the rules, the risk level of the "central area" is upgraded from level two to level three, and the risk level of the "end area" is upgraded from level three to level four (assuming a higher level exists). Through this dynamic adjustment, a comprehensive risk level of the cantilevered formwork is generated, which more comprehensively reflects the current state of the structure.

[0109] The risk model mapping submodule establishes a BIM model with the geometry of the cantilever formwork, the stress and connection relationships of each part, and maps the comprehensive risk level of the cantilever formwork to the corresponding structural part in the cantilever formwork BIM model, thus establishing the spatial distribution information of the risk level.

[0110] First, a Building Information Model (BIM) is created, showing the geometry of the cantilevered formwork, the stress distribution of each component, and the connection relationships. This BIM model is a three-dimensional, visualized digital twin containing the precise dimensions, material properties (such as elastic modulus and yield strength), and spatial location information of each member and connection node that makes up the cantilevered formwork. The model is built during the project design phase and updated in real-time as construction progresses. The mapping process involves accurately assigning the comprehensive risk level of the cantilevered formwork, generated by the risk level adjustment submodule, to the corresponding structural components in the BIM model. For example, the adjusted "Level 3 Risk" level for the "Middle Area" is added as a new attribute to all beam elements and node objects representing the middle section of the cantilever beam in the BIM model. Similarly, the "Level 4 Risk" level for the "End Area" is added to the relevant model objects representing the ends of the cantilever beam and point C. By traversing the comprehensive risk levels of all areas and writing this level information into the attributes of the corresponding model components, a complete spatial distribution of risk levels is established. This information makes risk no longer an abstract number, but directly related to specific, visualized three-dimensional structural parts.

[0111] The real-time early warning generation submodule divides the risk level into multiple early warning levels based on the spatial distribution information of the risk level, and configures a corresponding warning tag for each early warning level to obtain the monitoring and early warning results;

[0112] Based on the spatial distribution information of risk levels established by the risk model mapping submodule, different risk levels are divided into multiple warning levels. This classification standard is pre-configured in the warning system and is usually aligned with industry safety production standards. For example: Level 0 risk corresponds to "Normal" (green); Level 1 and Level 2 risks correspond to "Attention" (blue); Level 3 risk corresponds to "Warning" (yellow); and Level 4 and above risks correspond to "Danger" (red). Next, a corresponding warning label is configured for each warning level. The warning label is not only a color but can also include different flashing frequencies, sound alarms, etc. For example, the "Warning" level is highlighted in yellow on the corresponding component in the BIM model, while the "Danger" level is highlighted in red with high-frequency flashing. The specific action for generating warning results is that the system automatically renders the BIM model, queries the warning level configuration table according to the risk level attribute assigned to each component, finds the corresponding warning label, and applies the label to the model. For example, since the components in the "central area" are assigned "Level 3 risk," they will turn yellow in the BIM model on the monitoring screen; while the components in the "end area" are assigned "Level 4 risk," they will turn into high-frequency flashing red. Ultimately, what the monitoring personnel see is a 3D model of the cantilevered formwork with different colors and dynamic effects, which intuitively shows the location, level, and severity of the risk. This visualized model is the final output of the monitoring and early warning results.

[0113] Please refer to Figure 8 for the implementation method of intelligent monitoring and safety early warning for ultra-long cantilever formwork supports. This method is based on the aforementioned intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork supports and includes the following steps:

[0114] S1: Real-time acquisition of stress, displacement and vibration response values ​​of each part of the cantilever formwork, normalization and weighted fusion, calculation of the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork, comparison with the energy reference value, and determination of the energy transition moment;

[0115] S2: Based on the energy transition time, analyze the energy transfer delay between each part of the cantilever support frame and generate energy transfer delay information;

[0116] S3: Divide the cantilevered formwork into regions based on each part of the cantilevered formwork, calculate the variance of the overall energy value of the cantilevered formwork in each region, compare it with the preset variance threshold, screen out risk areas, and obtain risk area marking information;

[0117] S4: Based on the risk area marking information, determine the risk distribution changes between adjacent parts of each risk area, identify potential dangerous sections of the cantilevered formwork, and generate risk zone information;

[0118] S5: Extract the energy transfer delay information between each part of the cantilever formwork in the risk zone information, set the risk level, map the risk level to the preset cantilever formwork BIM model, provide real-time monitoring and early warning, and obtain monitoring and early warning results.

[0119] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork supports, characterized in that: The system includes: an energy transition identification module, which collects stress, displacement, and vibration response values ​​of each part of the cantilever formwork in real time, performs normalization and weighted fusion, calculates the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork, compares it with the energy reference value, and determines the energy transition time; a delay analysis module, which analyzes the energy transfer delay between each part of the cantilever formwork based on the energy transition time and generates energy transfer delay information; a risk area division module, which divides each part of the cantilever formwork into areas, calculates the variance of the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork in each area, compares it with a preset variance threshold, filters risk areas, and obtains risk area marking information; a risk area analysis module, which judges the risk distribution changes between adjacent parts of each risk area based on the risk area marking information, identifies potential dangerous sections of the cantilever formwork, and generates risk zone information; and a real-time early warning module, which extracts the energy transfer delay information between each part of the cantilever formwork from the risk zone information, sets a risk level, maps the risk level to a preset cantilever formwork BIM model, provides real-time monitoring and early warning, and obtains monitoring and early warning results.

2. The intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The results of the energy transition identification module are specifically energy value, energy reference value, and energy transition time; the results of the delay analysis module are specifically energy transfer delay information; the results of the risk area division module are specifically risk area marking information and risk area; the results of the risk area analysis module are specifically risk zone information, potential dangerous sections, and risk distribution changes; and the results of the real-time early warning module are specifically monitoring and early warning results, risk level, and BIM model mapping information.

3. The intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The energy transition identification module includes: a data fusion calculation submodule, which collects stress, displacement, and vibration response values ​​of each part of the cantilever formwork in real time, normalizes the three response data, and performs weighted fusion calculation on the normalized data according to the weight coefficient of each part to obtain the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork; an energy change analysis submodule, which obtains a preset energy reference base value, compares the real-time overall energy value of the cantilever formwork with the energy reference base value to quantify energy factors, and tracks the energy amplitude change trend of the cantilever formwork based on multiple energy factors in a continuous time series; and an energy transition determination submodule, which obtains a preset energy transition response threshold and an energy transition confirmation threshold, determines whether the energy amplitude change trend of the cantilever formwork continuously crosses the energy transition response threshold and the energy transition confirmation threshold, and counts the number of crossings. When the counted number of crossings exceeds a preset threshold, the energy transition time is obtained.

4. The intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The process of comparing the real-time overall energy value of the cantilevered formwork support with the energy reference base value to quantify the energy factor includes: calculating the numerical difference between the overall energy value of the cantilevered formwork support and the energy reference base value; and dividing the numerical difference by the energy reference base value to obtain the energy factor.

5. The intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The delay analysis module includes: a time difference calculation submodule, which extracts the time point of transition of each monitoring part in the cantilever formwork based on the energy transition time, calculates the time difference between any two parts to characterize the energy transfer delay between parts, and obtains the energy transfer delay value between parts; a transmission discontinuity judgment submodule, which calls the energy transfer delay value between parts, compares and analyzes the degree of delay difference of multiple parts combinations, judges whether there is discontinuity in energy transfer based on a preset delay difference threshold, and marks the parts combination with differences exceeding the delay difference threshold as unstable regions to obtain potential nonlinear response regions; and a delay information generation submodule, which integrates all time delay quantification data between each part of the cantilever formwork and the location markers of unstable regions based on the energy transfer delay value between parts and the potential nonlinear response regions to generate energy transfer delay information.

6. The intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The risk area division module includes: a regional energy variance calculation submodule, which divides the area according to each part of the cantilevered formwork and obtains the stress, displacement and vibration response values ​​of each area. Based on the three response data in each area, it performs variance analysis to calculate the energy fluctuation variance of each area; a risk area screening submodule, which obtains a preset variance threshold value, compares the energy fluctuation variance of each area with the preset variance threshold value one by one, and filters all areas whose energy fluctuation exceeds the variance threshold value to establish a risk area list; and a risk label generation submodule, which divides the risk level according to the risk area list, re-sorts each risk area according to the risk level, and generates risk area label information.

7. The intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The process of classifying risk levels according to the risk area list includes: obtaining the energy fluctuation variance of each area in the risk area list; calculating the magnitude by which the energy fluctuation variance of each area exceeds the preset variance threshold; setting multiple risk level intervals, mapping the magnitude to the multiple risk level intervals, and determining the risk level of each risk area.

8. The intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The risk area analysis module includes: a risk difference analysis submodule, which extracts the risk level of the marked area based on the risk area marking information, analyzes the risk distribution changes between each risk area and adjacent parts, calculates the risk level difference between adjacent parts, and quantifies the risk fluctuation difference to obtain risk distribution difference information; a dangerous section identification submodule, which obtains a preset risk fluctuation difference threshold, marks adjacent parts in the risk distribution difference information that exceed the risk fluctuation difference threshold, identifies areas with risks on the cantilever formwork, and establishes potential dangerous sections; and a risk zone information generation submodule, which integrates the location information of all potential dangerous sections on the cantilever formwork, performs structured summarization, and generates risk zone information.

9. The intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time early warning module includes: a risk level adjustment submodule, which extracts the risk level of each area in the risk zone information and analyzes the energy transfer between corresponding areas in the energy transfer delay information, dynamically adjusts the risk level of the area according to the degree of energy transfer delay, and generates a comprehensive risk level for the cantilever formwork; a risk model mapping submodule, which establishes a BIM model with the geometry of the cantilever formwork, the stress and connection relationships of each part, and maps the comprehensive risk level of the cantilever formwork to the corresponding structural parts in the cantilever formwork BIM model, establishing spatial distribution information of risk levels; and a real-time early warning generation submodule, which divides the risk level into multiple early warning levels according to the spatial distribution information of risk levels, configures a corresponding warning mark for each early warning level, and obtains monitoring and early warning results.

10. A method for intelligent monitoring and safety early warning of ultra-long cantilever formwork supports, characterized in that, The intelligent monitoring and safety early warning system for ultra-long cantilever formwork supports as described in any one of claims 1-9 shall be implemented. Includes the following steps: S1: Real-time acquisition of stress, displacement, and vibration response values ​​of each part of the cantilever formwork, normalization, and weighted fusion; calculation of the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork; comparison with the energy reference value; determination of the energy transition moment; S2: Analysis of the energy transfer delay between each part of the cantilever formwork based on the energy transition moment; generation of energy transfer delay information; S3: Division of each part of the cantilever formwork into regions; calculation of the variance of the overall energy value of the cantilever formwork in each region; comparison with a preset variance threshold; screening of risk regions; obtaining risk region marking information; S4: Based on the risk area marking information, determine the risk distribution changes between adjacent parts of each risk area, identify potential dangerous sections of the cantilevered formwork, and generate risk zone information; S5: Extract the energy transfer delay information between each part of the cantilever formwork in the risk zone information, set the risk level, map the risk level to the preset cantilever formwork BIM model, provide real-time monitoring and early warning, and obtain monitoring and early warning results.

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