DCS (Distributed Control System) for blend oil production process

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of blend oil production, in particular to a blend oil production process DCS (Distributed Control System) decentralized control system, which comprises a blend oil production process module used for executing production and processing of blend oil; the DCS control system module is used for performing decentralized control on each blend oil production process module; the DCS control system module comprises a central control module and a plurality of sub-control modules, the sub-control modules are used for independently controlling all the blend oil production process modules, and the central control module directly completes configuration with all the sub-control modules based on stored structured HAZOP deviation analysis records and LOPA grading results. The DCS control system adopts a distributed structure, a plurality of system components are distributed on an open redundant communication network, and the system components are provided with independent function processors, have maintenance and self-diagnosis functions, and can perform early warning to ensure the safe work of the blend oil production process.

Description

A DCS decentralized control system for blended oil production process Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blended oil production, specifically a DCS decentralized control system for blended oil production processes. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of blended oil production, with the continuous improvement of requirements for product quality, production safety, and environmental protection, the adoption of distributed control systems (DCS) for automated monitoring of production processes has become an industry trend. Through its advantages of decentralized control and centralized management, DCS systems can effectively monitor, regulate, and interlock various stages of the blended oil production process, including unloading, blending, circulation, detection, and storage.

[0003] Traditional DCS systems primarily focus on basic monitoring, control, and alarm functions, lacking the ability to intelligently diagnose and predict the health status of the control system itself. This means that the system struggles to detect performance degradation or potential failure risks of control components in a timely manner, making early warning maintenance impossible. Instead, it can only react passively after a failure occurs, impacting the continuity and safety of production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a DCS decentralized control system for blended oil production processes to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A distributed control system (DCS) for blended oil production includes a blended oil production process module, which executes the production and processing of blended oil and stores the processed blended oil in a finished oil tank; it also includes:

[0007] The DCS control system module is connected to the blended oil production process module and is used to perform decentralized control of each blended oil production process module in order to realize process monitoring, regulation, control, early warning and interlocking of the entire device.

[0008] The DCS control system module includes a central control module and multiple sub-control modules corresponding to the process units.

[0009] The central control module is used to store structured HAZOP deviation analysis records and LOPA grading results, and based on the records and results, automatically generates control configuration information corresponding to each sub-control module.

[0010] The sub-control module is used to independently control the corresponding process unit according to the control configuration information;

[0011] The sub-control module includes:

[0012] The processor module is used to control the operation of the blended oil production process module and process information.

[0013] A monitoring module, connected to the processor module, is used to collect operating data of the process unit;

[0014] A UPS power supply, connected to the processor module, is used to provide uninterrupted power.

[0015] The intelligent diagnostic module, connected to the processor module, is used to identify potential fault control data based on the operating data through a pre-trained fault prediction model, and to perform root cause analysis on the control data faults that have occurred.

[0016] The prediction module, connected to the intelligent diagnostic module and the processor module, generates prediction data and data logs based on diagnostic information from potential fault control data.

[0017] A storage module, connected to the prediction module, is used to store the data logs generated by the prediction module;

[0018] The early warning module is connected to the prediction module and issues early warnings based on the data predicted by the prediction module.

[0019] Preferably, the blended oil production process module includes a blending tank, on which a circulation pump is installed. The circulation pump is used to circulate and blend the blended oil inside the blending tank; it also includes:

[0020] An oil unloading pump adds each basic component of the oil product into the corresponding blending tank according to a calculated ratio.

[0021] A drain pump is installed on the drain pipe of the oil mixing tank. An infrared analyzer, a temperature monitoring probe, and a pressure monitoring probe are installed sequentially on the drain pipe on one side of the drain pump.

[0022] The infrared analyzer is used to accurately analyze the chemical composition and physical properties of the blended oil. The blended oil that meets the requirements is monitored for temperature and pressure by temperature and pressure monitoring probes. The blended oil that meets the requirements is transported to the finished oil tank for storage through pipelines.

[0023] Substandard blended oil is re-added to the blending tank through a circulation pipeline for adjustment and re-blending.

[0024] Preferably, an oil level detector is installed on the pipeline between the unloading pump and the oil mixing tank.

[0025] Preferably, a solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline of the drainage pump.

[0026] Preferably, an oil and gas recovery module is also installed on the oil drain pipe located on the pressure monitoring probe;

[0027] The oil and gas recovery module includes an oil and gas discharge module, a primary condensation module, a secondary condensation module, a tertiary condensation module, and an activated carbon adsorption module;

[0028] The oil and gas discharge module sequentially discharges oil and gas into the primary condensation module, the secondary condensation module, the tertiary condensation module, and the activated carbon adsorption module for oil and gas recovery before discharge.

[0029] Preferably, the central control module includes a security analysis database module, a rule engine module, an automated configuration generation module, and an engineering interface module;

[0030] A safety analysis database is used to store structured HAZOP deviation analysis records and LOPA rating results, where each record is associated with at least one process deviation, cause, consequence, risk level, and safety measures assigned to the DCS;

[0031] The rules engine module is communicatively connected to the security analysis database and has a pre-built mapping rule library that converts the security measures into DCS configuration elements.

[0032] An automated configuration generation module, connected to the rule engine module, is used to automatically generate executable control logic files, early warning configuration files, and interlock configuration files that conform to the DCS configuration specifications based on the mapping rules.

[0033] The engineering interface module is used to import the control logic file, early warning configuration file, and interlock configuration file into the engineering configuration software of the corresponding target DCS to complete the configuration.

[0034] The preferred method for producing blended oils includes the following specific steps:

[0035] S1. The oil unloading pump and oil quantity detector are used to add the basic components of each oil product into the oil mixing tank according to the calculated ratio, and the oil products in the oil mixing tank are mixed by the circulation pump.

[0036] S2. The mixed blended oil is drained through a drain pump and a solenoid valve, and the chemical composition and physical properties of the blended oil are accurately analyzed by an infrared analyzer.

[0037] S3. Based on the analysis results of S2 above, if the quality standards are not met, the blended oil will be re-added into the blending tank through the circulation pipeline for re-blending.

[0038] S4. Based on the analysis results of S2 above, if the quality standards are met, the temperature of the blending oil can be monitored in real time using a temperature monitoring probe, and the pressure of the oil drain pipe can be monitored using a pressure monitoring probe.

[0039] S5. Based on the temperature and pressure monitored in S4 above, if they exceed the specified limits, the oil and gas will be discharged into the oil and gas recovery module. The oil and gas will be condensed and adsorbed and recovered by the primary condensation module, the secondary condensation module, the tertiary condensation module and the activated carbon adsorption module before being discharged.

[0040] S6. Based on the temperature and pressure monitored in S4 above, if they do not exceed the specified limits, the blended oil is discharged into the finished oil tank for storage, and the liquid level inside the finished oil tank is monitored through the liquid level detection module.

[0041] The preferred method for the DCS control system includes the following specific steps:

[0042] S1. The central control module generates configuration standards based on the stored structured HAZOP deviation analysis records and LOPA grading results. The configuration is then imported into the engineering configuration software of the corresponding target DCS through the engineering interface module to complete the configuration.

[0043] S2. The processor module, in conjunction with the UPS power supply, enables decentralized control of various equipment in the blended oil production process.

[0044] S3, together with the monitoring module and the feedback data of each monitoring device, transmits the data to the processor module, works with the intelligent diagnostic module to perform fault diagnosis on the data, and works with the prediction module to generate prediction data;

[0045] S4. The early warning module issues early warnings based on the data predicted by the prediction module.

[0046] Preferably, the method for storing structured HAZOP deviation analysis records includes the following steps:

[0047] S1. Create a machine-readable data structure for storing HAZOP analysis records. This data structure includes:

[0048] Process node entities are used to identify the process units being analyzed;

[0049] The deviation entity, associated with the process node entity, is used to store a deviation description consisting of a guide word and process parameters;

[0050] A causal chain entity, associated with the deviation entity, is used to store at least one cause and at least one corresponding consequence;

[0051] A security measure entity, associated with the causal chain entity, stores security measures proposed to block a specific cause-and-effect chain and includes a system identifier indicating that the measure is executed by a distributed control system.

[0052] S2. The security measures stored in the security measure entity are expressed as quasi-execution logic consisting of logical operators and parameterized process variables;

[0053] S3. Parse and map the HAZOP analysis records in natural language form into the data structure to generate a structured HAZOP analysis database;

[0054] S4. Persist the structured HAZOP analysis database in a non-volatile storage medium for subsequent DCS configuration automation process calls.

[0055] Preferably, the method for obtaining the LOPA rating result includes the following steps:

[0056] The method further includes a step of performing a protection layer analysis and classification on the causal chain entity, specifically including:

[0057] Receive one or more independent layers of protection and their risk reduction factors assigned to a specific cause and effect in the causal chain entity;

[0058] Based on the risk reduction factor, calculate the residual risk of the cause-effect pair;

[0059] The residual risk is compared with the risk acceptance criteria;

[0060] When the residual risk is determined to be unacceptable, a Safety Integrity Level (SIL) requirement is generated that must be borne by the Safety Instrumented System (SIS).

[0061] When the residual risk is deemed acceptable, the allocated independent protection layer implemented by the distributed control system is associated with and marked with the corresponding record in the security measure entity to indicate that it is a core security measure.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0063] This invention employs a DCS distributed control system for centralized management and decentralized control. All major process parameters are introduced into the DCS control system to achieve process monitoring, adjustment, control, alarm, and interlocking of the entire device.

[0064] This invention, based on the stored structured HAZOP deviation analysis records and LOPA rating results, enables direct configuration with each sub-control module, realizing an automated bridge from security analysis to security implementation, and significantly improving efficiency, accuracy and consistency.

[0065] This invention employs a DCS distributed control system for centralized control, enabling the display of key process parameters in the device from the control room and the implementation of remote control to meet process control requirements. It also provides alarms for important parameters and interlocks them with the power supply to ensure the safety of the entire device.

[0066] The DCS distributed control system of this invention adopts a distributed structure, forming an organic whole through the division of labor between an independent central control module and multiple sub-control modules;

[0067] This invention utilizes intelligent detection and prediction modules to ensure that the DCS distributed control system has maintenance and self-diagnosis functions, and provides early warnings to guarantee the safe operation of the blended oil production process. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Figure 1 is an overall diagram of a DCS decentralized control system for a blended oil production process provided by the present invention.

[0069] Figure 2 is a system diagram of a DCS decentralized control system for a blended oil production process provided by the present invention.

[0070] Figure 3 is a system diagram of a sub-control module in a DCS distributed control system for blended oil production process provided by the present invention.

[0071] Figure 4 is a system diagram of the oil and gas recovery module in a DCS decentralized control system for blended oil production process provided by the present invention.

[0072] Figure 5 is a system diagram of the central control module in a DCS distributed control system for blended oil production process provided by the present invention.

[0073] Figure label:

[0074] 1. Blended oil production process module;

[0075] 10. Oil mixing tank;

[0076] 11. Circulation pump; 12. Unloading pump; 13. Oil level detector; 14. Drain pump; 15. Solenoid valve; 16. Infrared analyzer; 17. Temperature monitoring probe; 18. Pressure monitoring probe;

[0077] 19. Oil and gas recovery module; 191. Oil and gas discharge module; 192. Primary condensation module; 193. Secondary condensation module; 194. Tertiary condensation module; 195. Activated carbon adsorption module;

[0078] 20. Finished oil tanks;

[0079] 3. DCS control system module;

[0080] 31. Central Control Module; 311. Security Analysis Database; 312. Rule Engine Module; 313. Automated Configuration Generation Module; 314. Engineering Interface Module;

[0081] 32. Sub-control module; 321. Processor module; 322. Monitoring module; 323. UPS power supply; 324. Intelligent diagnostic module; 325. Prediction module; 326. Storage module; 327. Early warning module. Detailed Implementation

[0082] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0083] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been presented in the various embodiments of the present invention to facilitate a better understanding of this application. However, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0084] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0085] Referring to Figures 1-5, in this embodiment of the invention, a DCS distributed control system for blended oil production includes a blended oil production process module 1, which is used to perform the production and processing of blended oil and to store the processed blended oil through a finished oil tank 20; characterized in that it further includes:

[0086] DCS control system module 3 is signal-connected to the blended oil production process module 1 and is used to perform decentralized control of each blended oil production process module 1 in order to realize process monitoring, regulation, control, early warning and interlocking of the entire device.

[0087] The DCS control system module 3 includes a central control module 31 and multiple sub-control modules 32 corresponding to the process unit.

[0088] The central control module 31 is used to store structured HAZOP deviation analysis records and LOPA rating results, and automatically generate control configuration information corresponding to each sub-control module 32 based on the records and results.

[0089] The sub-control module 32 is used to independently control the corresponding process unit according to the control configuration information;

[0090] The sub-control module 32 includes:

[0091] Processor module 321 is used to implement the operation and information processing of the control and blending oil production process module 1;

[0092] The monitoring module 322 is connected to the processor module 321 and is used to collect the operating data of the process unit;

[0093] The UPS power supply 323 is connected to the processor module 321 and is used to provide uninterrupted power.

[0094] The intelligent diagnostic module 324, connected to the processor module 321, is used to identify potential fault control data based on the running data through a pre-trained fault prediction model, and to perform root cause analysis on the control data faults that have occurred.

[0095] The prediction module 325, connected to the intelligent diagnosis module 324 and the processor module 321, generates prediction data and data logs based on the diagnostic information of the potential fault control data.

[0096] Storage module 326, connected to prediction module 325, is used to store data logs generated by prediction module 325;

[0097] The early warning module 327 is connected to the prediction module 325 and provides early warning based on the data predicted by the prediction module 325.

[0098] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, in one embodiment of the present invention, the blended oil production process module 1 includes an oil blending tank 10, on which a circulation pump 11 is installed. The circulation pump 11 is used to circulate and blend the blended oil inside the oil blending tank 10; it also includes:

[0099] Oil unloading pump 12, which adds each basic component of the oil product into the corresponding blending tank 10 according to a calculated ratio;

[0100] A drain pump 14 is installed on the drain pipe of the oil mixing tank 10. An infrared analyzer 16, a temperature monitoring probe 17 and a pressure monitoring probe 18 are installed sequentially on the drain pipe on one side of the drain pump 14.

[0101] The temperature monitoring probe 17 of the present invention is an armored resistance thermometer, and the junction box is made of stainless steel; the local temperature indication is a pull-out type, universal type stainless steel bimetallic thermometer.

[0102] The pressure monitoring probe 18 of this invention uses a remote diaphragm pressure (differential pressure) transmitter. The local pressure gauge is a full stainless steel bellows pressure gauge, and the pump outlet uses a shock-resistant pressure gauge.

[0103] The infrared analyzer 16 is used to accurately analyze the chemical composition and physical properties of the blended oil. The blended oil that meets the requirements is monitored for temperature and pressure by the temperature monitoring probe 17 and the pressure monitoring probe 18. The blended oil that meets the requirements is transported to the finished oil tank 20 for storage through pipeline.

[0104] The non-compliant blended oil is re-added into the blending tank 10 through the circulation pipeline for adjustment and re-blending.

[0105] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, in one embodiment of the present invention, an oil level detector 13 is provided on the pipeline between the unloading pump 12 and the oil mixing tank 10. The oil level detector 13 is provided to control the oil level in the oil mixing tank 10 and avoid static electricity or liquid splashing caused by excessively rapid feeding.

[0106] The oil quantity detector 13 of the present invention is a vortex flow meter.

[0107] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, in one embodiment of the present invention, a solenoid valve 15 is installed on the pipeline of the discharge pump 14. The solenoid valve 15 is configured to discharge the blending oil in the pipeline.

[0108] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, in one embodiment of the present invention, an oil and gas recovery module 19 is also provided on the oil drain pipe located on the pressure monitoring probe 18;

[0109] The oil and gas recovery module 19 includes an oil and gas discharge module 191, a primary condensation module 192, a secondary condensation module 193, a tertiary condensation module 194, and an activated carbon adsorption module 195. The oil and gas discharge module 191 sequentially discharges oil and gas into the primary condensation module 192, the secondary condensation module 193, the tertiary condensation module 194, and the activated carbon adsorption module 195 for oil and gas recovery before discharge, preventing air pollution caused by oil and gas volatilization, eliminating safety hazards, and reducing economic losses by improving energy utilization.

[0110] The primary condensation module 192, secondary condensation module 193, and tertiary condensation module 194 of this invention operate at temperatures of 15°C, 5°C, and -25°C, respectively. Most of the hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas are liquefied, and the remaining oil and gas are then deeply adsorbed and recovered using highly efficient activated carbon to ensure compliance with standards. The system design incorporates heat exchange between the condensed oil and gas and the intake air in a pre-cooling box, allowing the temperature to rise back to near room temperature.

[0111] Referring to Figures 2 and 4, in one embodiment of the present invention, the central control module 31 includes a security analysis database module 311, a rule engine module 312, an automated configuration generation module 313, and an engineering interface module 314.

[0112] Safety analysis database 311 is used to store structured HAZOP deviation analysis records and LOPA rating results, where each record is associated with at least one process deviation, cause, consequence, risk level, and safety measures assigned to the DCS;

[0113] The rule engine module 312 is communicatively connected to the security analysis database 311, and has a pre-built mapping rule library that converts the security measures into DCS configuration elements.

[0114] The automated configuration generation module 313 is connected to the rule engine module and is used to automatically generate executable control logic files, early warning configuration files and chain configuration files that conform to the DCS configuration specifications based on the mapping rules.

[0115] The engineering interface module 314 is used to import the control logic file, early warning configuration file and interlock configuration file into the engineering configuration software of the corresponding target DCS to complete the configuration.

[0116] Referring to Figures 1-3, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for producing blended oil includes the following specific steps:

[0117] S1. The oil unloading pump 12 and the oil quantity detector 13 are used to add the basic components of each oil product into the oil mixing tank 10 according to the calculated ratio, and the oil products in the oil mixing tank 10 are mixed by the circulation pump 11.

[0118] S2. The mixed blended oil is drained through the drain pump 14 and the solenoid valve 15, and the chemical composition and physical properties of the blended oil are accurately analyzed by the infrared analyzer 16.

[0119] S3. Based on the analysis results of S2 above, if the quality standards are not met, the blended oil will be re-added into the blending tank 10 through the circulation pipeline for re-blending.

[0120] S4. Based on the analysis results of S2 above, if the quality standards are met, the temperature of the blending oil can be monitored in real time through the temperature monitoring probe 17, and the pressure of the oil discharge pipeline can be monitored in conjunction with the pressure monitoring probe 18.

[0121] S5. Based on the temperature and pressure monitored in S4 above, if they exceed the specified limits, the oil and gas will be discharged into the oil and gas recovery module 19. The oil and gas will be condensed and adsorbed and recovered by the primary condensation module 192, the secondary condensation module 193, the tertiary condensation module 194 and the activated carbon adsorption module 195 before being discharged.

[0122] S6. Based on the temperature and pressure monitored in S4 above, if they do not exceed the specified limits, the blended oil is discharged into the finished oil tank 20 for storage, and the liquid level inside the finished oil tank 20 is monitored through the liquid level detection module.

[0123] The liquid level detection module of this invention uses a magnetic float liquid level gauge or a radar liquid level gauge for real-time liquid level monitoring.

[0124] Referring to Figures 1-4, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method of the DCS distributed control system includes the following specific steps:

[0125] S1, the central control module 31 generates a configuration standard based on the stored structured HAZOP deviation analysis records and LOPA grading results, and imports the configuration into the engineering configuration software of the corresponding target DCS through the engineering interface module 314 to complete the configuration;

[0126] S2. The processor module 321, in conjunction with the UPS power supply 323, enables decentralized control of various equipment in the blended oil production process.

[0127] S3. The feedback data from the monitoring module 322 and various monitoring devices is transmitted to the processor module 321, which works with the intelligent diagnostic module 324 to perform fault diagnosis on the data, and works with the prediction module 325 to generate prediction data.

[0128] S4. The early warning module 327 issues an early warning based on the data predicted by the prediction module 325.

[0129] Referring to Figures 1-4, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for storing structured HAZOP deviation analysis records includes the following steps:

[0130] S1. Create a machine-readable data structure for storing HAZOP analysis records. This data structure includes:

[0131] Process node entities are used to identify the process units being analyzed;

[0132] The deviation entity, associated with the process node entity, is used to store a deviation description consisting of a guide word and process parameters;

[0133] A causal chain entity, associated with the deviation entity, is used to store at least one cause and at least one corresponding consequence;

[0134] A security measure entity, associated with the causal chain entity, stores security measures proposed to block a specific cause-and-effect chain and includes a system identifier indicating that the measure is executed by a distributed control system.

[0135] S2. The security measures stored in the security measure entity are expressed as quasi-execution logic consisting of logical operators and parameterized process variables;

[0136] S3. Parse and map the HAZOP analysis records in natural language form into the data structure to generate a structured HAZOP analysis database;

[0137] S4. Persist the structured HAZOP analysis database in a non-volatile storage medium for subsequent DCS configuration automation process calls.

[0138] In this invention, quasi-execution logic refers to logical statements composed of logical operators such as IF / THEN and AND / OR, and procedural variables, which are easily parsed by the rule engine.

[0139] Referring to Figures 1-4, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for determining the LOPA rating result includes the following steps:

[0140] The method further includes a step of performing a protection layer analysis and classification on the causal chain entity, specifically including:

[0141] Receive one or more independent layers of protection and their risk reduction factors assigned to a specific cause and effect in the causal chain entity;

[0142] Based on the risk reduction factor, calculate the residual risk of the cause-effect pair; compare the residual risk with the risk acceptable standard;

[0143] When the residual risk is determined to be unacceptable, a Safety Integrity Level (SIL) requirement is generated that must be borne by the Safety Instrumented System (SIS).

[0144] When the residual risk is deemed acceptable, the allocated independent protection layer implemented by the distributed control system is associated with and marked with the corresponding record in the security measure entity to indicate that it is a core security measure.

[0145] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A DCS decentralized control system for blended oil production process, comprising a blended oil production process module (1), wherein the blended oil production process module (1) is used to perform the production and processing of blended oil, and to store the processed blended oil through a finished oil tank (20); characterized in that, Also includes: The DCS control system module (3) is signal-connected to the blended oil production process module (1) and is used to perform decentralized control of each blended oil production process module (1) to achieve process monitoring, regulation, control, early warning, and interlocking of the entire unit. The DCS control system module (3) includes a central control module (31) and multiple sub-control modules (32) corresponding to the process units. The central control module (31) is used to store structured HAZOP deviation analysis records and LOPA grading results, and automatically generate control configuration information corresponding to each sub-control module (32) based on the records and results. The sub-control modules (32) are used to independently control the corresponding process units according to the control configuration information. The sub-control module (32) includes: a processor module (321) for implementing the operation of the control blended oil production process module (1) and information processing; The monitoring module (322), connected to the processor module (321), is used to collect the operating data of the process unit; the UPS power supply (323), connected to the processor module (321), is used to provide uninterrupted power; the intelligent diagnostic module (324), connected to the processor module (321), is used to identify potential fault control data based on the operating data through a pre-trained fault prediction model, and to perform root cause analysis on the control data faults that have occurred; the prediction module (325), connected to the intelligent diagnostic module (324) and the processor module (321), generates prediction data based on the diagnostic information of the potential fault control data, and generates data logs; the storage module (326), connected to the prediction module (325), is used to store the data logs generated by the prediction module (325); the early warning module (327), connected to the prediction module (325), provides early warnings based on the data predicted by the prediction module (325).

2. The DCS decentralized control system for blended oil production process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blended oil production process module (1) includes an oil blending tank (10), on which a circulation pump (11) is installed. The circulation pump (11) is used to circulate and blend the blended oil inside the oil blending tank (10). It also includes an unloading pump (12), which adds each basic oil component to the corresponding oil blending tank (10) according to a calculated ratio. A drain pump (14) is installed on the drain pipe of the oil blending tank (10), and infrared sensors are installed sequentially on the drain pipe on one side of the drain pump (14). The infrared analyzer (16), temperature monitoring probe (17), and pressure monitoring probe (18) are used to accurately analyze the chemical composition and physical properties of the blended oil. The blended oil that meets the requirements is monitored for temperature and pressure by the temperature monitoring probe (17) and pressure monitoring probe (18). The blended oil that meets the requirements is transported to the finished oil tank (20) for storage through pipelines. The blended oil that does not meet the requirements is added back into the blending tank (10) through the circulation pipeline for adjustment and re-blending.

3. The DCS decentralized control system for blended oil production process according to claim 2, characterized in that, An oil quantity detector (13) is installed on the pipeline between the unloading pump (12) and the oil mixing tank (10).

4. The DCS decentralized control system for blended oil production process according to claim 2, characterized in that, A solenoid valve (15) is installed on the pipeline of the discharge pump (14).

5. The DCS decentralized control system for blended oil production process according to claim 2, characterized in that, An oil and gas recovery module (19) is also installed on the oil drain pipe located on the pressure monitoring probe (18); the oil and gas recovery module (19) includes an oil and gas discharge module (191), a primary condensation module (192), a secondary condensation module (193), a tertiary condensation module (194) and an activated carbon adsorption module (195); the oil and gas discharge module (191) discharges oil and gas sequentially into the primary condensation module (192), the secondary condensation module (193), the tertiary condensation module (194) and the activated carbon adsorption module (195) for oil and gas recovery before discharge.

6. The DCS decentralized control system for blended oil production process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control module (31) includes a safety analysis database module (311), a rule engine module (312), an automated configuration generation module (313), and an engineering interface module (314). The safety analysis database (311) is used to store structured HAZOP deviation analysis records and LOPA rating results, wherein each record is associated with at least one process deviation, cause, consequence, risk level, and safety measures assigned to the DCS. The rule engine module (312) is communicatively connected to the safety analysis database (311) and has a pre-built mapping rule library that converts the safety measures into DCS configuration elements. An automated configuration generation module (313), connected to the rule engine module, is used to automatically generate executable control logic files, early warning configuration files, and interlock configuration files that conform to the DCS configuration specifications based on the mapping rules. The engineering interface module (314) is used to import the control logic file, early warning configuration file and interlock configuration file into the engineering configuration software of the corresponding target DCS to complete the configuration.

7. The method for producing blended oil according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: S1. Using an oil unloading pump (12) and an oil quantity detector (13), the basic components of each oil product are added to the blending tank (10) according to the calculated ratio. The oil products inside the blending tank (10) are mixed using a circulation pump (11). S2. The mixed blended oil is drained using a drain pump (14) and a solenoid valve (15). The chemical composition and physical properties of the blended oil are accurately analyzed using an infrared analyzer (16). S3. Based on the analysis results of S2, if the quality standards are not met, the blended oil is re-added to the blending tank (10) through a circulation pipeline for re-blending. S4. Based on the analysis results of S2, if the quality standards are met, the blended oil is re-added to the blending tank (10) through a circulation pipeline for re-blending. Temperature monitoring probe (17) enables real-time monitoring of the temperature of blended oil, and pressure monitoring probe (18) enables monitoring of the pressure of the oil discharge pipeline; S5, based on the temperature and pressure monitored in S4 above, if the temperature and pressure exceed the limit, the oil and gas are discharged into the oil and gas recovery module (19), and the oil and gas are condensed, adsorbed and recovered by the first-stage condensation module (192), the second-stage condensation module (193), the third-stage condensation module (194) and the activated carbon adsorption module (195) before being discharged; S6, based on the temperature and pressure monitored in S4 above, if the temperature and pressure do not exceed the limit, the blended oil is discharged into the finished oil tank (20) for storage, and the liquid level inside the finished oil tank (20) is monitored by the liquid level detection module.

8. The method for a DCS distributed control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: S1. The central control module (31) generates a configuration standard based on the stored structured HAZOP deviation analysis records and LOPA grading results, and imports the configuration into the engineering configuration software of the corresponding target DCS through the engineering interface module (314) to complete the configuration; S2. The processor module (321) works with the UPS power supply (323) to realize the decentralized control of each equipment in the blended oil production process; S3. The processor module (321) and the feedback data of each monitoring device are transmitted to the processor module (321) in conjunction with the intelligent diagnosis module (324) to realize the fault diagnosis of the data, and the prediction module (325) generates prediction data in conjunction with the prediction module (325); S4. The early warning module (327) gives an early warning based on the data predicted by the prediction module (325).

9. The method for storing structured HAZOP deviation analysis records according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Create a machine-readable data structure to store HAZOP analysis records. This data structure includes: a process node entity for identifying the analyzed process unit; a deviation entity associated with the process node entity for storing a deviation description consisting of a guide word and process parameters; a causal chain entity associated with the deviation entity for storing at least one cause and at least one corresponding consequence; and a safety measure entity associated with the causal chain entity for storing safety measures proposed to block a specific cause-and-effect chain, and including a system identifier to indicate that the measure is executed by a distributed control system. S2. The safety measures stored in the safety measure entity are expressed as quasi-execution logic consisting of logical operators and parameterized process variables. S3. Parse and map the HAZOP analysis records in natural language form into the data structure to generate a structured HAZOP analysis database. S4. Persist the structured HAZOP analysis database in a non-volatile storage medium for subsequent DCS configuration automation process calls.

10. The method for obtaining the LOPA rating result according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The method further includes a step of performing protection layer analysis and rating on the causal chain entity, specifically including: receiving one or more independent protection layers and their risk reduction factors assigned to a specific cause and effect in the causal chain entity; Based on the risk reduction factor, the residual risk of the cause and effect pair is calculated; the residual risk is compared with the risk acceptable standard; when the residual risk is determined to be unacceptable, a Safety Integrity Level (SIL) requirement to be undertaken by the Safety Instrumented System (SIS) is generated; when the residual risk is determined to be acceptable, the allocated independent protection layer implemented by the distributed control system is associated with and marked with the corresponding record in the safety measure entity to indicate that it is a core safety measure.

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