Design method of wireless laser communication antenna system

Abstract

The invention discloses a wireless laser communication antenna system design method, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, designing a double-axis adaptive alignment module which integrates an MEMS micro-mirror assembly and a visual positioning unit, and dynamically adjusting the deflection angle of an MEMS micro-mirror through the real-time collection of the position information of a laser spot, high-precision alignment of the transmitting end and the receiving end is realized; s2, a composite anti-interference optical filtering structure is designed, a narrow-band optical filter, a polarization optical filter and an optical isolator are sequentially overlaid on the structure, and interference of environmental stray light and backscattered light is inhibited; s3, designing an intelligent power regulation unit; and S4, designing an integrated heat dissipation and packaging structure. According to the design method disclosed by the invention, aiming at the pain point in the prior art, through multi-module collaborative innovation, the alignment precision is remarkably improved.

Description

A Design Method for Wireless Laser Communication Antenna System Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antennas, and more specifically to a design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless laser communication (FSO) is widely used in emergency communications, satellite communications, and metropolitan area backbone networks due to its advantages such as high speed, no spectrum licensing, and resistance to electromagnetic interference. However, existing wireless laser communication antenna systems have the following key technical defects: Insufficient alignment accuracy: The laser beam divergence angle is small (usually on the order of milliradians), making it susceptible to beam deviation caused by equipment vibration and atmospheric turbulence. Traditional manual or semi-automatic alignment methods have slow response (≥50ms) and large alignment deviation (≥5μm), which seriously affects the stability of the communication link.

[0003] Weak anti-interference capability: It relies solely on a single narrowband filter to suppress ambient light interference, which cannot effectively filter broadband interference such as stray sunlight and industrial lighting, resulting in a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of less than 20dB at the receiver and an increased bit error rate.

[0004] Poor environmental adaptability: The laser emission power is fixed, which can easily cause device overload during short-range communication. At long distances (≥5km) or in strong turbulent environments, the signal attenuation is severe, and the communication interruption rate is high.

[0005] Structural and heat dissipation defects: The transmitting, receiving and control modules are scattered and bulky (volume ≥ 0.05m³), and most of them use passive heat dissipation. The long-term operating temperature of the devices is ≥ 60℃, and the lifespan is shortened by more than 30%.

[0006] Insufficient vibration resistance: In mobile scenarios (such as vehicle-mounted and ship-mounted), equipment vibration can easily cause optical components to shift, further aggravating alignment deviations.

[0007] The aforementioned shortcomings limit the scenario adaptability and long-term reliability of wireless laser communication antenna systems, and there is an urgent need for a design method that takes into account high-precision alignment, strong anti-interference, and wide adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the problems mentioned in the background art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0009] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system, comprising the following steps: S1: designing a dual-axis adaptive alignment module, wherein the module integrates a MEMS micromirror assembly and a visual positioning unit, and dynamically adjusts the deflection angle of the MEMS micromirror by real-time acquisition of laser spot position information to achieve high-precision alignment between the transmitter and receiver.

[0010] S2: Design a composite anti-interference optical filter structure, in which a narrowband filter, a polarizing filter and an optical isolator are stacked in sequence to suppress interference from ambient stray light and backscattered light.

[0011] S3: Design an intelligent power adjustment unit that dynamically adjusts the laser emission power based on real-time distance detection data from the laser communication link and atmospheric turbulence intensity monitoring results.

[0012] S4: Design an integrated heat dissipation and packaging structure, integrating the transmitting component, receiving component and control module on the heat dissipation substrate, and combining passive heat dissipation fins and miniature active cooling fans to form a composite heat dissipation system, thus completing the miniaturized packaging of the antenna system.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, the visual positioning unit uses a CMOS image sensor with a sampling frequency of not less than 100Hz, and the deflection accuracy of the MEMS micromirror is ±0.1μrad.

[0014] Preferably, in step S2, the center wavelength of the narrowband filter deviates from the laser emission wavelength by ≤±5nm, and the bandwidth is ≤10nm; the extinction ratio of the polarizing filter is ≥30dB.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the intelligent power adjustment unit detects the link distance through a fiber optic grating sensor, collects the refractive index structure constant Cn² through an atmospheric turbulence sensor, and dynamically matches the transmission power based on a PID algorithm.

[0016] Preferably, in step S4, the heat dissipation substrate is made of aluminum nitride ceramic material, the surface area of ​​the heat dissipation fins is ≥50cm², and the speed adjustment range of the micro active cooling fan is 2000-5000rpm.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a vibration-resistant reinforcement design step: an elastic damping buffer layer is set between the MEMS micromirror assembly and the heat dissipation substrate, the buffer layer having an elastic modulus of 1-5MPa and a thickness of 0.5-1mm.

[0018] Preferably, in step S1, the dual-axis adaptive alignment module integrates a closed-loop feedback control unit, which generates a control signal to drive the MEMS micromirror to adjust by comparing the deviation between the actual spot position and the preset reference position, with an alignment deviation ≤1μm.

[0019] Preferably, in step S2, the isolation of the optical isolator is ≥40dB, which is used to suppress the interference of backscattered light from the receiver to the laser source at the transmitter.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes a multi-wavelength compatible design step: the composite anti-interference optical filter structure adopts a switchable filter component to support rapid switching of three laser communication wavelengths: 850nm, 1310nm, and 1550nm.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes an adaptive modulation and coding design step: based on the link quality data collected by the intelligent power adjustment unit, dynamically switch between QPSK / 8PSK / 16QAM modulation mode, adopt LDPC code and adaptively adjust between 1 / 2-3 / 4 code rate.

[0022] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Addressing the pain points of existing technologies, this invention achieves the following technical effects through multi-module collaborative innovation: Significantly improved alignment accuracy: The dual-axis adaptive alignment module has a response time ≤10ms, an alignment deviation ≤1μm, and can maintain stable alignment even under vibration and turbulence environments, increasing link connectivity to over 99.5%; Significantly enhanced anti-interference capability: The composite filtering structure achieves an ambient light interference suppression rate of 80%, increases the signal-to-noise ratio at the receiver to over 35dB, and reduces the bit error rate to 10⁻⁻⁴. 6 The following features are included: Wide environmental adaptability: Supports dynamic adaptation for communication distances of 0.5-10km, power adjustment range of 10mW-500mW, and normal operation in environments with strong turbulence (Cn²=10⁻¹³m⁻² / ³) and high temperature (≤45℃); Compact structure and efficient heat dissipation: The integrated packaging design reduces the volume by 30% (≤0.035m³), and the composite heat dissipation system controls the device operating temperature below 45℃, extending the service life by 50%; Strong scene adaptability: Compatible with fixed / mobile scenarios, supports multi-wavelength switching and adaptive modulation coding, and can meet diverse needs such as emergency communication and satellite-ground links. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiments

[0025] Referring to Figure 1, a design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system includes the following steps: S1: Design a dual-axis adaptive alignment module. The module integrates a MEMS micromirror assembly and a visual positioning unit. By collecting laser spot position information in real time, the deflection angle of the MEMS micromirror is dynamically adjusted to achieve high-precision alignment between the transmitter and receiver.

[0026] S2: Design a composite anti-interference optical filter structure, which consists of a narrowband filter, a polarizing filter and an optical isolator stacked sequentially to suppress interference from ambient stray light and backscattered light.

[0027] S3: Design an intelligent power adjustment unit that dynamically adjusts the laser emission power based on real-time distance detection data from the laser communication link and atmospheric turbulence intensity monitoring results.

[0028] S4: Design an integrated heat dissipation and packaging structure, integrating the transmitting component, receiving component and control module on the heat dissipation substrate, and combining passive heat dissipation fins and miniature active cooling fans to form a composite heat dissipation system, thus completing the miniaturized packaging of the antenna system.

[0029] In step S1, the visual positioning unit uses a CMOS image sensor with a sampling frequency of not less than 100Hz, and the deflection accuracy of the MEMS micromirror is ±0.1μrad.

[0030] In step S2, the center wavelength of the narrowband filter deviates from the laser emission wavelength by ≤ ±5nm, and the bandwidth is ≤ 10nm; the extinction ratio of the polarization filter is ≥ 30dB.

[0031] In step S3, the intelligent power adjustment unit detects the link distance using a fiber optic grating sensor, collects the refractive index structure constant Cn² using an atmospheric turbulence sensor, and dynamically matches the transmit power based on a PID algorithm.

[0032] In step S4, the heat dissipation substrate is made of aluminum nitride ceramic material, the surface area of ​​the heat dissipation fins is ≥50cm², and the speed adjustment range of the micro active cooling fan is 2000-5000rpm.

[0033] This also includes vibration-resistant reinforcement design steps: setting an elastic damping buffer layer between the MEMS micromirror assembly and the heat dissipation substrate, with an elastic modulus of 1-5 MPa and a thickness of 0.5-1 mm.

[0034] In step S1, the dual-axis adaptive alignment module integrates a closed-loop feedback control unit. By comparing the deviation between the actual spot position and the preset reference position, it generates a control signal to drive the MEMS micromirror to adjust, with an alignment deviation ≤1μm.

[0035] In step S2, the isolation of the optical isolator is ≥40dB, which is used to suppress the interference of backscattered light from the receiver to the laser source at the transmitter.

[0036] This also includes a multi-wavelength compatible design step: the composite anti-interference optical filter structure adopts a switchable filter component to support rapid switching of three laser communication wavelengths: 850nm, 1310nm, and 1550nm.

[0037] This also includes an adaptive modulation and coding design step: based on the link quality data collected by the intelligent power adjustment unit, dynamically switch between QPSK / 8PSK / 16QAM modulation modes, use LDPC code, and adaptively adjust between 1 / 2-3 / 4 code rates.

[0038] This invention addresses the pain points of existing technologies by achieving the following technical effects through multi-module collaborative innovation: Significantly improved alignment accuracy: The dual-axis adaptive alignment module has a response time ≤10ms and an alignment deviation ≤1μm, maintaining stable alignment even under vibration and turbulence environments, with link connectivity increased to over 99.5%; Significantly enhanced anti-interference capability: The composite filtering structure achieves an ambient light interference suppression rate of 80%, increasing the receiver signal-to-noise ratio to over 35dB and reducing the bit error rate to 10⁻⁻⁴. 6 The following features are included: Wide environmental adaptability: Supports dynamic adaptation for communication distances of 0.5-10km, power adjustment range of 10mW-500mW, and normal operation in environments with strong turbulence (Cn²=10⁻¹³m⁻² / ³) and high temperature (≤45℃); Compact structure and efficient heat dissipation: The integrated packaging design reduces the volume by 30% (≤0.035m³), and the composite heat dissipation system controls the device operating temperature below 45℃, extending the service life by 50%; Strong scene adaptability: Compatible with fixed / mobile scenarios, supports multi-wavelength switching and adaptive modulation coding, and can meet diverse needs such as emergency communication and satellite-ground links.

[0039] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Design a dual-axis adaptive alignment module, which integrates a MEMS micromirror assembly and a visual positioning unit. By dynamically adjusting the deflection angle of the MEMS micromirror through real-time acquisition of laser spot position information, high-precision alignment between the transmitter and receiver is achieved. S2: Design a composite anti-interference optical filter structure, which sequentially stacks a narrowband filter, a polarizing filter, and an optical isolator to suppress interference from ambient stray light and backscattered light. S3: Design an intelligent power adjustment unit, which dynamically adjusts the laser emission power based on real-time distance detection data from the laser communication link and atmospheric turbulence intensity monitoring results. S4: Design an integrated heat dissipation and packaging structure, integrating the transmitter assembly, receiver assembly, and control module onto a heat dissipation substrate. This, combined with passive heat dissipation fins and a miniature active cooling fan, forms a composite heat dissipation system, achieving miniaturized packaging of the antenna system.

2. The design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the visual positioning unit uses a CMOS image sensor with a sampling frequency of not less than 100Hz, and the deflection accuracy of the MEMS micromirror is ±0.1μrad.

3. The design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the center wavelength of the narrowband filter deviates from the laser emission wavelength by ≤ ±5nm, and the bandwidth is ≤ 10nm; the extinction ratio of the polarization filter is ≥ 30dB.

4. The design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the intelligent power adjustment unit detects the link distance through a fiber optic grating sensor, collects the refractive index structure constant Cn² through an atmospheric turbulence sensor, and dynamically matches the transmission power based on a PID algorithm.

5. The design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the heat dissipation substrate is made of aluminum nitride ceramic material, the surface area of ​​the heat dissipation fins is ≥50cm², and the speed adjustment range of the micro active cooling fan is 2000-5000rpm.

6. The design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes vibration-resistant reinforcement design steps: an elastic damping buffer layer is set between the MEMS micromirror assembly and the heat dissipation substrate, with an elastic modulus of 1-5MPa and a thickness of 0.5-1mm.

7. The design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the dual-axis adaptive alignment module integrates a closed-loop feedback control unit. By comparing the deviation between the actual spot position and the preset reference position, it generates a control signal to drive the MEMS micromirror to adjust, with an alignment deviation ≤1μm.

8. The design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the isolation of the optical isolator is ≥40dB, which is used to suppress the interference of backscattered light from the receiver to the laser source at the transmitter.

9. The design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a multi-wavelength compatible design step: the composite anti-interference optical filter structure adopts a switchable filter component, which supports rapid switching of three laser communication wavelengths: 850nm, 1310nm, and 1550nm.

10. A design method for a wireless laser communication antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an adaptive modulation and coding design step: based on the link quality data collected by the intelligent power adjustment unit, dynamically switch between QPSK / 8PSK / 16QAM modulation modes, use LDPC code and adaptively adjust between 1 / 2-3 / 4 code rate.

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