Safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system and method for salt mine geological disasters
By combining multi-source data acquisition and cloud platform analysis with distributed fiber optic sensing and microseismic detection, the problem of real-time monitoring and early warning of geological disasters in underground spaces of salt mines has been solved. This has enabled high-precision, multi-dimensional data acquisition and analysis, improved the early warning capability and system stability of geological disasters, and promoted the intelligent transformation of mine management.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GENERAL PROSPECTING INSTITUTE OF CHINA NATIONAL ADMINISTRATION OF COAL GEOLOGY
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
In underground salt mining, existing technologies are unable to grasp the formation, expansion and evolution characteristics of solution cavities in real time, resulting in insufficient geological disaster prediction capabilities. Sensors are easily corroded in high-salt and high-humidity environments, and the reliability of monitoring data is poor. The lack of a unified data fusion platform makes it impossible to achieve comprehensive assessment that is spatially multidimensional and temporally continuous, leading to a lag in risk identification and early warning.
A multi-source data acquisition module, including a GNSS receiver, inclinometer, crack gauge, distributed fiber optic sensing unit, and microseismic detector, is used to construct a three-dimensional model of the mining area by combining UAV oblique photography and 3D seismic wave data. Data processing is performed through edge computing and cloud platform to establish a hierarchical early warning mechanism and provide a visualization platform for monitoring and management.
It has achieved high-precision, multi-dimensional real-time monitoring of underground space in salt mines, improved the timeliness of geological disaster early warning and system integration, enhanced the stability and management convenience of equipment in complex environments, supported multi-channel early warning response, and improved the digitalization and intelligence level of mine safety management.
Smart Images
Figure CN121967482A_ABST
Abstract
Description
A safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system and method for geological hazards in salt mines Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine safety monitoring technology, specifically to a safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system and method for geological disasters in salt mines. Background Technology
[0002] In underground salt mining, water-soluble extraction has become the mainstream technology due to its advantages such as high efficiency, low cost, and environmental friendliness. This method involves injecting fresh water into underground strata to dissolve salt rock and form brine, which is then pumped to the surface for treatment and utilization. This eliminates the need for personnel to enter the mine, significantly improving operational safety and efficiency. However, this method also presents significant technical limitations: the lack of direct observation and contact with underground cavities makes it difficult to monitor their formation, expansion, and evolution in real time. Traditional manual inspections and visual checks are completely ineffective, and it is impossible to dynamically control changes in the geological structure of the mining area.
[0003] During long-term water-soluble mining, the continuous erosion of salt rock by groundwater will cause the solution cavity to expand continuously, thereby weakening the stability of the overlying rock strata. This can easily trigger geological disasters such as roof collapse, surface subsidence, and local collapse, which not only threaten the infrastructure and safety of workers in the mining area, but may also cause irreversible damage to the surrounding ecological environment and land use.
[0004] Currently, monitoring of geological hazards in salt mines still relies mainly on manual inspections, fixed-point measurements, and periodic observations, which suffers from problems such as long monitoring cycles, numerous spatial blind spots, and fragmented information. Furthermore, the harsh working conditions of high salinity and humidity in underground salt mines easily lead to sensor corrosion, short circuits, and performance degradation, severely impacting the reliability of monitoring data and the long-term stable operation of equipment. More critically, existing monitoring is mostly deployed at single points, lacking a unified data fusion platform, making it impossible to achieve comprehensive assessments that are spatially multidimensional, temporally continuous, and with coordinated responses, significantly hindering the improvement of risk identification and early warning capabilities.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to build a safety monitoring and disaster early warning technology system adapted to the characteristics of salt mining, integrating multi-dimensional sensing methods, adapting to complex environments, and realizing real-time data collection and intelligent prediction, so as to comprehensively improve the geological disaster prevention and control capabilities and inherent safety level of mining areas. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an innovative integrated system and method for monitoring and intelligently warning of geological disasters in underground salt mines, which solves key problems such as the difficulty in perceiving changes in spatial structure during underground salt mining, the difficulty in predicting the evolution of geological disasters, and the lag in early warning response. It also overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies in terms of information acquisition accuracy, disaster prediction capability, early warning timeliness, and system integration.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0008] A safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system for geological hazards in salt mines includes: a data initialization and deployment module for constructing a three-dimensional surface model and an underground three-dimensional geological structure map of the mining area, and deploying a monitoring network and data processing nodes; a multi-source data acquisition module for collecting multi-dimensional data on surface deformation, rock stress, and microseismic activity; a data transmission module that adopts a layered transmission architecture to upload the collected data to a cloud platform through a local data center; a data processing and intelligent analysis module deployed in the cloud for real-time monitoring, anomaly identification, risk assessment, and trend prediction, and for establishing a tiered early warning mechanism; and a visualization platform module that provides a web-based interface for visualizing the mining area's status, querying and analyzing data, and pushing early warning information.
[0009] Furthermore, the data initialization and deployment module includes: a 3D surface model reconstruction unit, which generates a high-resolution 3D surface model of the mining area based on UAV oblique photography and GNSS high-precision positioning results; an underground structure modeling unit, which integrates borehole data and 3D seismic wave data to clarify the spatial distribution of rock salt layers, solution cavities, and fault structures; a monitoring network layout unit, which deploys multi-source sensing devices and communication nodes in conjunction with geological disaster-prone areas, high-risk mining sections, and historical subsidence sensitive zones; and a local data center deployment unit, which sets up a data server at the surface monitoring station to realize data caching, preprocessing, local disaster recovery, and remote maintenance support.
[0010] Furthermore, the multi-source data acquisition module includes: a surface deformation monitoring unit, comprising a GNSS receiver, inclinometer, and fracture gauge, employing RTK technology to achieve millimeter-level accuracy monitoring of surface subsidence, fracture development, and local collapse; a distributed optical fiber sensing unit, using metal-sheathed optical cables deployed along the well wall, cavity boundaries, and key monitoring areas, acquiring strain, temperature, and vibration data through optical signal response; and a rock mass stress and microseismic monitoring unit, deploying microseismic detectors to monitor minute rock fractures in real time.
[0011] Furthermore, each monitoring unit has a self-checking function for its operating status, and reports data on power consumption, signal strength, and operating temperature in real time, supporting remote diagnosis and maintenance.
[0012] Furthermore, the optical cable of the distributed optical fiber sensing unit is laid out using a grouting fixation method.
[0013] Furthermore, the data acquisition module transmits data to the local data center via a dedicated communication line, and the local data center uploads the data to the cloud platform via a 4G / 5G network or satellite link.
[0014] Furthermore, the data processing and intelligent analysis module includes: a real-time preprocessing unit, which completes data denoising, format standardization, and initial anomaly screening through an edge computing module; a data storage and encryption unit, which stores monitoring data, equipment status, and maintenance records in chronological order, with key data protected by blockchain encryption; a risk assessment and prediction unit, which integrates geological, structural, and historical data to establish a risk assessment model and achieve disaster risk classification and trend prediction; and a graded early warning unit, which sets up a three-level early warning mechanism for minor anomalies, medium risks, and high risks, corresponding to different response methods and notification channels.
[0015] Furthermore, the response methods of the tiered early warning unit include: automatically recording logs when there is a minor anomaly; notifying relevant personnel via SMS or email when there is a medium risk; and simultaneously sending SMS and APP reminders and making phone calls to initiate the emergency response process when there is a high risk.
[0016] Furthermore, the visualization platform module supports multi-role account login, provides 2D / 3D map visualization, device distribution query, real-time / historical data chart display, and abnormal warning information push functions; it also reserves a mobile APP interface to realize alarm push and remote device viewing.
[0017] A method for safety monitoring and intelligent early warning of geological disasters in salt mines based on the above system includes the following steps: S1: Constructing a three-dimensional model of the surface and underground of the mining area; S2: Deploying multi-source monitoring modules to construct a three-dimensional monitoring network; S3: Real-time collection of multi-source monitoring data and preprocessing through edge computing; S4: Uploading the data to a cloud platform for intelligent analysis and risk assessment; S5: Triggering graded early warnings based on the analysis results and displaying and managing them through a visualization platform.
[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: high real-time performance and accuracy: by adopting high-frequency data acquisition and data stream processing technology, combined with various precision monitoring methods such as distributed fiber optic sensing, microseismic detection, and surface deformation monitoring, high-precision dynamic monitoring of key parts such as brine wells, the surface, and rock masses can be achieved. Through a multi-level data processing mechanism, the speed and accuracy of data interpretation are improved, ensuring rapid identification and response to geological anomalies.
[0019] Comprehensive Perception Dimensions: Constructing an integrated surface-subsurface, multi-parameter collaborative three-dimensional monitoring network to simultaneously acquire multi-dimensional data such as stratum deformation, stress field changes, temperature disturbances, and microseismic activity in mining areas. This breaks through the limitations of traditional "single-point, single-parameter" observations, achieving a unity of temporal continuity and spatial coverage, and providing complete data support for the dynamic evolution of complex geological processes.
[0020] The system boasts strong operational stability: Targeting the complex geological conditions of high salinity, high humidity, and strong corrosiveness in salt mining areas, high-protection-level sensing equipment is selected, supplemented by engineering measures such as metal sheathing and grouting fixation to ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment; various monitoring terminals have self-testing and status reporting functions, combined with local caching and disaster recovery mechanisms, ensuring that data is not lost or interrupted even if communication is interrupted, thus enhancing the system's reliability and adaptability.
[0021] Non-contact deployment is convenient: most sensing units are deployed on the ground, minimizing interference with mining operations; distributed optical fibers, microseismic detectors and other equipment can be installed in boreholes or on existing infrastructure, facilitating the systematic transformation of old mining areas and the rapid construction of new mining areas, with good engineering adaptability and scalability.
[0022] Highly efficient and reliable early warning response: A tiered early warning mechanism is constructed, and geological disaster risks can be promptly classified and handled through abnormal event identification and multi-model cross-validation; it supports multi-channel linkage notification via SMS, email, telephone, and APP, and the early warning response process can be integrated with the emergency system, significantly improving the efficiency of risk response and providing highly operable and comprehensive disaster prevention and control measures.
[0023] The platform boasts high integration and convenient management: Through a web-based visual platform, it integrates functions such as multi-user role management, map visualization, chart display, and historical data backtracking, supporting remote monitoring and on-site data linkage; users can view the mine status without location restrictions, and the system supports multi-role permission-based access, possessing high integration, visualization, and ease of operation, providing mine operation and maintenance personnel with efficient information management and decision support tools, and assisting in intelligent mine management. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of system deployment; Figure 2 is a flowchart of the overall system; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of system initialization and deployment; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the multi-source acquisition module; Figure 5 is a data transmission architecture diagram; Figure 6 is a flowchart of data processing and early warning; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the visualization platform interface. Detailed Description of Embodiments The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0025] Embodiments of the present invention: The integrated multi-dimensional monitoring and intelligent early warning system for mine safety provided by the present invention is applicable to complex underground environments in water-soluble mining scenarios such as salt mines. By integrating multiple high-precision sensing methods and intelligent analysis mechanisms, it realizes full-process, multi-level, and full-space monitoring and early warning of potential geological hazards such as underground cavity expansion process, rock mass mechanical response, and surface subsidence and deformation.
[0026] As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system for geological disasters in salt mines includes: (1) a data initialization and deployment module, which is used to construct a three-dimensional surface model of the mining area and a three-dimensional underground geological structure map, and to complete the deployment of the monitoring network and data processing nodes.
[0027] The data initialization and deployment module includes a three-dimensional surface model reconstruction unit, which generates a high-resolution three-dimensional surface model of the mining area based on UAV oblique photography and GNSS high-precision positioning results, accurately restores the topographic features, and is used for surface subsidence identification, equipment deployment planning, and intuitive display of abnormal deformation.
[0028] The underground structure modeling unit integrates borehole data and 3D seismic wave data to establish a 3D geological structure map of the mining area, clarifying the spatial distribution characteristics of key units such as rock salt layers, solution cavities, and fault structures, and providing a spatial benchmark for solution cavity evolution assessment and disaster analysis.
[0029] The monitoring network layout unit, combined with areas prone to geological disasters, high-risk mining sections, and historical subsidence sensitive zones, deploys multi-source sensing devices and communication nodes to construct a three-dimensional monitoring network with high coverage and multi-dimensional perception.
[0030] The local data center deployment unit sets up a data server at the surface monitoring station to serve as a local data center, enhancing system stability and on-site responsiveness. It performs data caching and preprocessing, including data denoising, format standardization, and initial anomaly screening; and ensures complete local data preservation and continuity in the event of communication interruptions or external network outages.
[0031] (2) Multi-source data acquisition module, used to collect multi-dimensional data such as surface deformation, rock stress and microseismic activity. Ensure full coverage monitoring of geological changes at different depths, dimensions and types, provide basic data support for data analysis and early warning, and support the access and unified management of multiple sensor devices.
[0032] The multi-source data acquisition module specifically includes: a surface deformation monitoring unit, which includes a GNSS receiver, inclinometer, and crack gauge, and uses RTK technology to achieve millimeter-level accuracy in monitoring surface subsidence, crack development, and local collapse.
[0033] Surface deformation monitoring points are deployed on the ground surface. GNSS receivers receive signals from multiple satellites, and RTK technology is used to calculate the high-precision three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring points in real time for real-time monitoring of surface subsidence. Inclinometers and crack gauges are deployed in areas such as buildings and roads for real-time monitoring of crack development. This enables spatiotemporal evolution monitoring of surface subsidence rate, crack development trend, and local collapse characteristics.
[0034] Distributed fiber optic sensing units: Based on the characteristics of the salt mine environment, distributed optical fibers with high salt and humidity resistance are deployed around the cavities, in the wellbore, and in key strata areas. Deployed along the well walls, cavity boundaries, and key monitoring areas, they are protected with grouting fixation and metal sheathing to ensure long-term stable operation in highly corrosive and humid environments. They acquire strain, temperature, and vibration data through optical signal response to identify surrounding rock deformation and cavity boundary expansion; monitor geothermal changes to assist in identifying water infiltration or abnormal heat sources; and capture the initial vibration response of sudden events such as micro-seismic events and roof falls.
[0035] Rock mass stress and microseismic monitoring unit: Deploy microseismic detectors to monitor small rock mass fractures (such as microseismic events and microcrack propagation) in real time, accurately locate the source depth, intensity and mechanism of microseismic events, identify potential instability areas, and provide technical support for predicting disasters such as roof falls and collapses.
[0036] Equipment self-check: Each monitoring unit has a self-check function for operating status, and reports data on health indicators such as power consumption, signal strength, and operating temperature in real time. If communication abnormalities or functional failures occur, the system will automatically issue an early warning and support remote diagnosis and maintenance scheduling.
[0037] (3) Data transmission module adopts a layered transmission architecture to upload the collected data to the cloud platform through the local data center.
[0038] The data acquisition module transmits data to the local data center via a dedicated communication line, and the local data center uploads the data to the cloud platform via a 4G / 5G network or satellite link.
[0039] (4) Data processing and intelligent analysis module, deployed in the cloud, is used for real-time monitoring, anomaly identification, risk assessment and trend prediction, and establishes a hierarchical early warning mechanism.
[0040] The data processing and intelligent analysis module includes: a real-time preprocessing unit, which performs data denoising, format standardization, and initial anomaly screening through an edge computing module; the system can process data uploaded by sensors within seconds, and quickly identify anomalies such as excessively rapid ground subsidence and sudden temperature changes by combining built-in rules and artificial intelligence models; a data storage and encryption unit, which stores monitoring data in chronological order, while also saving equipment status, user permissions, and maintenance records. Key data is protected by blockchain encryption to prevent tampering; a risk assessment and prediction unit, which integrates geological, structural, and historical data to establish a risk assessment model and achieve disaster risk classification and trend prediction; and a graded early warning unit, which sets up a three-level early warning mechanism for minor anomalies, medium risk, and high risk, corresponding to different response methods and notification channels.
[0041] In cases of minor anomalies, the system automatically logs the information; in cases of medium risk, it notifies relevant personnel via SMS or email; in cases of high risk, it simultaneously sends SMS and app alerts, makes phone calls, and initiates the emergency response process. This allows for immediate problem detection and early warning, ensuring the safe operation of the mine.
[0042] (5) Visualization platform module: This module provides a web-based interface, allowing users to access and manage the system without installing dedicated software, simply through a browser. The visualization platform module supports login for multiple roles, including administrators, technicians, and maintenance personnel, enabling them to view and operate relevant data as needed. The homepage displays information such as equipment operation status, alarm records, and project overview. It displays the distribution of mining areas and monitoring equipment in 2D or 3D map format, supporting switching between satellite images, topographic maps, and other views. It provides graphical displays of real-time and historical data (such as line graphs and heat maps) and supports comparative analysis of manually recorded and automatically collected data.
[0043] A mobile app interface is reserved to enable alarm push notifications and remote device viewing and maintenance support, making it convenient for on-site operators to use.
[0044] A method for safety monitoring and intelligent early warning of geological disasters in salt mines based on the above system includes the following steps: S1: Constructing a three-dimensional model of the surface and underground of the mining area; S2: Deploying multi-source monitoring modules to construct a three-dimensional monitoring network; S3: Real-time collection of multi-source monitoring data and preprocessing through edge computing; S4: Uploading the data to a cloud platform for intelligent analysis and risk assessment; S5: Triggering graded early warnings based on the analysis results and displaying and managing them through a visualization platform.
[0045] The present invention provides a safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system for geological disasters in salt mines, which has the following advantages: (1) Enhances the ability to perceive underground space: By integrating monitoring equipment suitable for the special environment of salt mines, such as distributed optical fiber and microseismic detector, the system can realize real-time monitoring of key geological indicators such as rock deformation and rock stress, and comprehensively improve the accuracy and timeliness of the perception of the underground space status.
[0046] (2) Realize data integration and collaborative analysis: The system integrates various deformation monitoring methods such as surface deformation, tiltmeter, and crack meter to realize real-time perception of surface subsidence and improve the ability to dynamically control the evolution process of geological disasters.
[0047] (3) Construct an intelligent early warning and risk control system: Construct a distributed data processing system based on the integration of edge computing and cloud platform to realize real-time collection, unified management and rapid analysis of multi-source heterogeneous data, support second-level anomaly identification and multi-level response early warning mechanism, and significantly improve the early warning timeliness and emergency decision-making efficiency of sudden geological disasters in mining areas.
[0048] (4) Improve the system's operational stability in complex environments: The system is designed with equipment self-inspection and health perception capabilities, automatically identify abnormal states such as sensor performance degradation and communication interruption, support remote maintenance and local disaster recovery, and enhance the long-term stability and reliability of the system.
[0049] (5) Promote the digital and intelligent transformation of mine safety management: By building a visualization operation platform, realize functions such as three-dimensional map display of the mining area, intuitive perception of equipment status, analysis and comparison of historical data, and mobile terminal information push, improve the ability of managers to perceive, analyze and make decisions on the status of the mining area, and promote the development of traditional mine management model towards digitalization, networking and intelligence.
[0050] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other.
[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0052] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0053] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system for geological disasters in salt mines, characterized in that, include: The data initialization and deployment module is used to construct a three-dimensional surface model and an underground three-dimensional geological structure map of the mining area, and to complete the deployment of the monitoring network and data processing nodes; The multi-source data acquisition module is used to collect multi-dimensional data on surface deformation, rock stress, and microseismic activity. The data transmission module adopts a layered transmission architecture, uploading the collected data to the cloud platform through the local data center; the data processing and intelligent analysis module is deployed in the cloud for real-time monitoring, anomaly identification, risk assessment and trend prediction, and establishes a hierarchical early warning mechanism. The visualization platform module provides a web-based interface to visualize the mining area's status, perform data query and analysis, and push early warning information.
2. The safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system for geological disasters in salt mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data initialization and deployment module includes: a 3D surface model reconstruction unit, which generates a high-resolution 3D surface model of the mining area based on UAV oblique photography and GNSS high-precision positioning results; an underground structure modeling unit, which integrates borehole data and 3D seismic wave data to clarify the spatial distribution of rock salt layers, solution cavities, and fault structures; a monitoring network layout unit, which deploys multi-source sensing devices and communication nodes in conjunction with geological disaster-prone areas, high-risk mining sections, and historical subsidence sensitive zones; and a local data center deployment unit, which sets up a data server at the surface monitoring station to realize data caching, preprocessing, local disaster recovery, and remote maintenance support.
3. The safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system for geological disasters in salt mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-source data acquisition module includes: a surface deformation monitoring unit, comprising a GNSS receiver, inclinometer, and fracture gauge, employing RTK technology to achieve millimeter-level accuracy monitoring of surface subsidence, fracture development, and local collapse; a distributed fiber optic sensing unit, using metal-sheathed optical cables deployed along the well wall, cavity boundaries, and key monitoring areas, acquiring strain, temperature, and vibration data through optical signal response; and a rock mass stress and microseismic monitoring unit, deploying microseismic detectors to monitor minute rock fractures in real time.
4. The safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system for geological disasters in salt mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each monitoring unit has a self-checking function for operating status, and reports data on power consumption, signal strength, and operating temperature in real time, supporting remote diagnosis and maintenance.
5. The safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system for geological disasters in salt mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical cable of the distributed optical fiber sensing unit is laid out using a grouting fixation method.
6. The safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system for geological disasters in salt mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module transmits data to the local data center via a dedicated communication line, and the local data center uploads the data to the cloud platform via a 4G / 5G network or satellite link.
7. The safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system for geological disasters in salt mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing and intelligent analysis module includes: a real-time preprocessing unit, which performs data denoising, format standardization, and initial anomaly screening through an edge computing module; a data storage and encryption unit, which stores monitoring data, equipment status, and maintenance records in chronological order, with key data protected by blockchain encryption; a risk assessment and prediction unit, which integrates geological, structural, and historical data to establish a risk assessment model and achieve disaster risk classification and trend prediction; and a graded early warning unit, which sets up a three-level early warning mechanism for minor anomalies, medium risks, and high risks, corresponding to different response methods and notification channels.
8. The safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system for geological disasters in salt mines according to claim 7, characterized in that: The response methods of the graded early warning unit include: automatic logging when there is a minor anomaly; notification of relevant personnel via SMS or email when there is a medium risk; and simultaneous SMS and APP reminders and phone calls to initiate the emergency response process when there is a high risk.
9. The safety monitoring and intelligent early warning system for geological disasters in salt mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visualization platform module supports multi-role account login, and provides 2D / 3D map visualization, device distribution query, real-time / historical data chart display, and abnormal warning information push functions; it also reserves a mobile APP interface to realize alarm push and remote device viewing.
10. A method for safety monitoring and intelligent early warning of geological disasters in salt mines based on the system described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Construct a three-dimensional model of the surface and underground of the mining area; S2: Deploy multi-source monitoring modules to build a three-dimensional monitoring network; S3: Collect multi-source monitoring data in real time and preprocess it through edge computing; S4: Upload the data to the cloud platform for intelligent analysis and risk assessment; S5: Triggers tiered early warnings based on analysis results, and displays and manages them through a visualization platform.