Animal individual information sensing system and method

Abstract

The invention provides an animal individual information sensing system, and relates to the field of sensing and monitoring of animal individuals. The animal individual information sensing system comprises an ear tag node which is arranged on an animal individual to be sensed, and the ear tag node comprises a plurality of temperature sensors, a dynamic acquisition unit and a processing unit; wherein the plurality of temperature sensors are used for collecting temperature data of an animal individual, the dynamic collection unit is used for collecting motion state data of the animal individual, and the processing unit is used for determining actual body temperature and physiological information of the animal individual according to the temperature data and the motion state data. The invention further provides an animal individual information sensing method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the technical field, and more particularly to an animal individual information perception system and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern animal husbandry towards intensification and large-scale operations, the number and density of animals raised are constantly increasing, which places higher demands on the precision of breeding management. Through continuous monitoring of the physiological state and behavioral characteristics of individual animals, farmers can promptly grasp the health status, estrus cycle, and stress response of their animals, thereby providing scientific data-driven decision-making basis for precision feeding, disease prevention and control, and reproductive management.

[0003] However, most existing animal ear tags on the market have limited functionality. The most widely used RFID ear tags can only provide identification and cannot acquire real-time physiological indicators of the animal. Even some smart ear tags with integrated sensors mainly focus on single-dimensional monitoring, exhibiting several significant technical bottlenecks: First, the accuracy of body temperature measurement is easily affected by the environment. Traditional ear tags typically have only one temperature probe; when the animal moves, causing the ear tag to loosen or making poor contact with the skin, the measured temperature is often the ambient temperature rather than the actual body temperature, leading to data distortion. Second, there is a lack of physiological state recognition capabilities. Existing ear tag products rarely monitor key vital signs such as heart rate and respiration simultaneously, making it impossible to assess cardiopulmonary function in resting animals, thus hindering the detection of early respiratory diseases or cardiac abnormalities. Third, there is insufficient multi-source data fusion capability; existing devices cannot combine movement posture with environmental parameters to comprehensively judge the animal's true state, resulting in frequent false alarms and missed alarms. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, embodiments of this disclosure provide an animal individual information perception system and method.

[0005] One aspect of this disclosure provides an animal individual information sensing system, including: an ear tag node, the ear tag node being disposed on the animal individual to be sensed, the ear tag node including multiple temperature sensors, a dynamic acquisition unit, and a processing unit; wherein, the multiple temperature sensors are used to collect temperature data of the animal individual, the dynamic acquisition unit is used to collect motion state data of the animal individual, and the processing unit is used to determine the actual body temperature and physiological information of the animal individual based on the temperature data and motion state data, respectively.

[0006] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the temperature data includes the target body temperature of an individual animal, the surface temperature of an individual animal, and the peritoneal temperature of an individual animal. The multiple temperature sensors include: a first temperature sensor for collecting the target body temperature; a second temperature sensor for collecting the surface temperature of an individual animal; and a third temperature sensor for collecting the peritoneal temperature of an individual animal.

[0007] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the processing unit determines the actual body temperature of an individual animal by: when the difference between the target body temperature and the body surface temperature is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, determining the actual body temperature based on the body surface temperature, the body periphery temperature, and the ambient temperature, wherein the ambient temperature characterizes the air temperature of the environment in which the individual animal is located.

[0008] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the processing unit determines the actual body temperature of an individual animal, and further includes: calculating the heat diffusion rate based on the ratio between the target body temperature, body surface temperature, body periphery temperature and ambient temperature; and determining that the individual animal has an abnormal body temperature when the heat diffusion rate is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold.

[0009] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the motion state data includes acceleration data and angular velocity data, and the dynamic acquisition unit includes: an acceleration unit for acquiring acceleration data; and a gyroscope for acquiring angular velocity data.

[0010] According to embodiments of this disclosure, physiological information includes the heart rate and respiratory rate of an individual animal. The processing unit determines the physiological information of an individual animal by: determining the animal's motion state based on acceleration data, where the motion state includes an active state and a resting state; when the animal is in a resting state, determining the animal's body posture type based on angular velocity data; determining the filtering method corresponding to the body posture type, and filtering the acceleration data according to the filtering method to obtain the animal's cardiac vibration signal and respiratory signal; and determining the heart rate and respiratory rate based on the cardiac vibration signal and respiratory signal.

[0011] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the dynamic acquisition unit is further configured to: acquire motion state data at a first sampling rate when the animal is in a quiet state; and acquire motion state data at a second sampling rate, where the second sampling rate is lower than the first sampling rate, when the animal is in an active state.

[0012] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the processing unit determines the physiological information of an individual animal, and further includes: accumulating the heart rate and respiratory rate within a preset time window to obtain a heart rate sequence and a respiratory rate sequence; determining the degree of variation of the individual animal based on the heart rate sequence and respiratory rate sequence; and determining that the individual animal has cardiopulmonary rhythm abnormalities when the degree of variation is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold.

[0013] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the animal individual information sensing system further includes: multiple target gateways for communicating with ear tag nodes; a management platform for communicating with the multiple target gateways to receive actual body temperature and physiological information, and for controlling the animal individual based on the actual body temperature and physiological information; the ear tag node further includes: a radio frequency identification unit for providing identification for the animal individual.

[0014] Another aspect of this disclosure provides a method for sensing individual animal information, comprising: collecting temperature data and movement status data of an individual animal to be sensed using an ear tag node, wherein the ear tag node is set on the individual animal to be sensed, and the ear tag node includes multiple temperature sensors, a dynamic acquisition unit, and a processing unit; and determining the actual body temperature and physiological information of the individual animal based on the temperature data and movement status data.

[0015] This disclosure, by integrating multiple temperature sensors and motion sensing units and introducing temperature compensation algorithms and cardiopulmonary rhythm analysis models, can effectively solve the technical problems of existing ear tags having limited functions, body temperature measurement accuracy being easily affected by the environment, and lacking physiological state monitoring capabilities, thereby achieving comprehensive and accurate perception of the individual animal's state. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The foregoing contents, as well as other objects, features, and advantages of this disclosure, will become clearer from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an animal individual information sensing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an ear tag node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0019] Figure 3 This schematically illustrates the deployment structure of a target gateway according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating an animal individual information perception method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown schematically. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0022] It should be noted that similar or identical parts are referred to by the same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings or description. The technical features of the various embodiments exemplified in the specification can be freely combined to form new solutions without conflict. Furthermore, each claim can stand alone as an embodiment, or the technical features in the various claims can be combined to form new embodiments. In the drawings, the shape or thickness of the embodiments may be enlarged and indicated in a simplified or convenient manner. Moreover, elements or implementations not shown or described in the drawings are those known to those skilled in the art. Additionally, although this document provides examples of parameters containing specific values, it should be understood that the parameters need not be exactly equal to the corresponding values, but can approximate the corresponding values ​​within acceptable error tolerances or design constraints.

[0023] Unless there are technical obstacles or contradictions, the various embodiments described above in this disclosure can be freely combined to form other embodiments, all of which are within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0024] Although this disclosure has been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the embodiments disclosed in the drawings are intended to illustrate preferred embodiments of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the disclosure. The dimensions in the drawings are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the disclosure.

[0025] While some embodiments of the general concept of this disclosure have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the general concept of this disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an animal individual information sensing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of this disclosure provides an animal individual information sensing system, including: an ear tag node 100, which is disposed on the animal individual to be sensed. The ear tag node 100 includes multiple temperature sensors 110, a dynamic acquisition unit 120, and a processing unit 130. The multiple temperature sensors 110 are used to collect temperature data of the animal individual, the dynamic acquisition unit 120 is used to collect motion state data of the animal individual, and the processing unit 130 is used to determine the actual body temperature and physiological information of the animal individual based on the temperature data and motion state data.

[0028] In some embodiments, the animal individual information sensing system further includes: a plurality of target gateways 101 for communicating with ear tag nodes; a management platform 102 for communicating with the plurality of target gateways to receive actual body temperature and physiological information, and for controlling the animal individual based on the actual body temperature and physiological information; the ear tag node further includes: a radio frequency identification unit 150 for providing identification for the animal individual, and a Bluetooth unit 140 for communicating with the management platform 102.

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ear tag node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the deployment structure of a target gateway according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] The external structure of the ear tag node is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the circuit consists of an upper circuit board housing 201, a lower circuit board housing 202, a standard contact housing 203, a standard pin 204, a first temperature probe 205, and a second temperature probe 206. The upper and lower circuit board housings 201 and 202 are used to secure the circuit board. The outer surface of the standard pin 204 is a metal contact layer. The upper end of the standard pin 204 is connected to the first temperature sensor 111 on the circuit board, used to monitor the temperature inside the animal's ear. The first temperature probe 205 contacts the ear surface, and the standard contact surface of the standard contact housing 203 ensures a tight contact between the first temperature probe 205 and the ear. The second temperature probe 206 measures the ambient temperature around the ear.

[0031] The deployment of the target gateway is as follows Figure 3 As shown, in a certain animal husbandry scenario, the husbandry scenario includes: an animal enclosure rest area 300, an individual animal feeding trough 301, an ear tag recognition gate 302, and an animal activity area 303. The target gateway 101 is deployed in both the animal activity area 303 and the animal enclosure rest area 300. When an individual animal passes through the ear tag recognition gate 302, the gate automatically identifies the animal's identity information and uploads this information to the management platform 102.

[0032] In some embodiments, the temperature data includes the target body temperature of the animal, the surface temperature of the animal, and the peritoneal temperature of the animal. The plurality of temperature sensors 110 include: a first temperature sensor 111 for collecting the target body temperature; a second temperature sensor 112 for collecting the surface temperature; and a third temperature sensor 113 for collecting the peritoneal temperature.

[0033] In some embodiments, the ear tag node 100 can be set on the ear of an individual animal. The sampling rate of multiple temperature sensors 110 can be 5Hz, and the temperature is collected synchronously and further processed in the processing unit 130. The collected temperatures can be filtered by a point-by-point sliding window to ensure the robustness of each collected temperature. In this embodiment, the target body temperature can be the inner ear temperature, the body surface temperature can be the ear surface temperature, and the body periphery temperature can be the temperature of the environment around the ear.

[0034] In some embodiments, the processing unit determines the actual body temperature of an individual animal by: when the difference between the target body temperature and the body surface temperature is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, determining the actual body temperature based on the body surface temperature, the body peritoneum temperature, and the ambient temperature, wherein the ambient temperature characterizes the air temperature of the environment in which the individual animal is located.

[0035] In some embodiments, the standard pin 204 is in complete contact with the animal's ear in the initial stage, and the measured temperature is the target body temperature. This is achieved by collecting the ear temperature and body surface temperature. Peripheral temperature and ambient temperature measured from the environment or issued by the management platform 102 Data samples were used to establish a mapping model. When the target body temperature and peripheral body temperature are close to and within the threshold TH1, it indicates that the standard probe and the ear are in a suspended state, and the measured temperature is the peripheral body temperature. At this time, the actual body temperature decreases in a stepwise manner due to heat diffusion, with the surface temperature being higher than the peripheral body temperature, and the peripheral body temperature being higher than the ambient temperature. The actual body temperature at this point... It can be calculated according to formula (1).

[0036] = (1)

[0037] in , , , , This represents the coefficients learned from the data samples.

[0038] In some embodiments, the processing unit determines the actual body temperature of an individual animal, and further includes: calculating the heat diffusion rate based on the ratio between the target body temperature, body surface temperature, body periphery temperature and ambient temperature; and determining that the individual animal has an abnormal body temperature when the heat diffusion rate is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold.

[0039] In some embodiments, the heat loss from the target body temperature to the ambient temperature will reach an equilibrium state, and the heat loss of each individual animal is different. Therefore, the heat loss process of each location can be derived based on the temperature collected at each location. Based on the heat loss diffusion rate, the abnormal temperature of the individual animal and its surroundings can be well identified. The calculation of the heat loss diffusion rate is shown in equation (2):

[0040] (2)

[0041] in, Let be the heat loss diffusion rate, when the heat loss diffusion rate When the value is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the animal is considered to have experienced an abnormal event. , , This is the diffusion ratio factor.

[0042] According to embodiments of this disclosure, motion state data includes acceleration data and angular velocity data, and the dynamic acquisition unit includes: an acceleration unit 121 for acquiring acceleration data; and a gyroscope 122 for acquiring angular velocity data.

[0043] According to embodiments of this disclosure, physiological information includes the heart rate and respiratory rate of an individual animal. The processing unit determines the physiological information of an individual animal by: determining the animal's motion state based on acceleration data, where the motion state includes an active state and a resting state; when the animal is in a resting state, determining the animal's body posture type based on angular velocity data; determining the filtering method corresponding to the body posture type, and filtering the acceleration data according to the filtering method to obtain the animal's cardiac vibration signal and respiratory signal; and determining the heart rate and respiratory rate based on the cardiac vibration signal and respiratory signal.

[0044] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the dynamic acquisition unit is further configured to: acquire motion state data at a first sampling rate when the animal is in a quiet state; and acquire motion state data at a second sampling rate, where the second sampling rate is lower than the first sampling rate, when the animal is in an active state.

[0045] In some embodiments, the location and state of an individual animal can be detected by fusing the target gateway 101 and the ear tag node 100. When the distance the individual animal moves remains constant and the change in acceleration data is within a small range, it is determined that the individual animal is in a resting, quiet state.

[0046] When the target gateway 101 or the ear tag recognition gate 302 detects an animal entering the activity area, the ear tag node 100 receives instructions from the platform to enter the activity mode. In the activity mode, the target location and activity level of the animal are calculated at a lower data sampling rate. When an animal is detected entering the rest area and it is determined that the animal is in a quiet state, data is acquired from the accelerometer 121 and gyroscope 122 at a higher data sampling rate.

[0047] After collecting acceleration and angular velocity data of an individual animal in a resting state, they are represented as follows: , The roll angle is obtained by attitude calculation based on the angular velocity data acquired by gyroscope 122. Pitch angle Yaw angle By judging information from three angles, and considering different threshold judgment conditions for each angle, the animal can be identified in various states, including standing, left lateral recumbent, right lateral recumbent, prone, and supine. Different frequency band filters are used to filter the acceleration data under different animal postures to obtain the cardiac vibration signal S, and the respiratory signal is processed... and The difference is obtained. Specific acceleration data are obtained by calculating the resultant acceleration as shown in equations (3) and (4):

[0048] (3)

[0049] (4)

[0050] Among them This is a list of frequency matrices, indicating the use of different frequency bands for filtering. This indicates different pose types.

[0051] Specifically, the filter can be a wavelet filter or a Hilbert transform, etc. A specific frequency matrix list can be [0.8,2,1.2,3,3,8,4,18,9,20].

[0052] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the processing unit determines the physiological information of an individual animal, and further includes: accumulating the heart rate and respiratory rate within a preset time window to obtain a heart rate sequence and a respiratory rate sequence; determining the degree of variation of the individual animal based on the heart rate sequence and respiratory rate sequence; and determining that the individual animal has cardiopulmonary rhythm abnormalities when the degree of variation is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold.

[0053] In some embodiments, heart rate and respiratory rate can be transformed into heart rate time-frequency graphs and respiratory time-frequency graphs, respectively. The time T1 corresponding to the energy maximum position of the heart rate time-frequency graph is extracted, and the time T2 corresponding to the energy minimum position is extracted. The time T3 corresponding to the energy maximum position of the respiratory time-frequency graph is extracted, and the time T4 corresponding to the energy minimum position is extracted. Based on these time intervals, the heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) rhythms are calculated, as shown in equations (4) and (5):

[0054] (4)

[0055] (5)

[0056] Animal abnormalities are identified based on the degree of variability in heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) rhythms. The heart rate and respiratory rate within the cumulative time window Tc constitute a heart rate sequence. and respiratory rate sequence Based on heart rate sequence and respiratory rate sequence Calculate the degree of variation; if the degree of variation is greater than the third preset threshold... If so, it is considered that the physiological rhythm of the individual animal has become abnormal, as shown in equation (6):

[0057] (6)

[0058] In addition, if heart rate sequence and respiratory rate sequence The average value is greater than the fourth preset threshold. Alternatively, it can be considered that the physiological rhythm of this individual animal has become abnormal, as shown in equation (7):

[0059] (7)

[0060] Based on the animal individual information sensing system disclosed in the above embodiments, the present invention also provides an animal individual information sensing method, which will be described below in conjunction with... Figure 4 The method is described in detail.

[0061] This disclosure also provides a method for sensing individual animal information, including operations S410 to S420.

[0062] In operation S410, the ear tag node is used to collect temperature data and movement status data of the individual animal to be sensed. The ear tag node is set on the individual animal to be sensed and includes multiple temperature sensors, a dynamic acquisition unit and a processing unit.

[0063] When operating S420, the actual body temperature and physiological information of an individual animal are determined based on temperature data and movement status data.

[0064] It should be noted that the details not covered in the method embodiment section are similar to those in the system embodiment section. Please refer to the system embodiment section for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0065] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process may be rearranged without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The appended method claims provide elements of various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to limit the scope to a specific order or hierarchy.

[0066] It should also be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Throughout the drawings, the same elements are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted when they may cause confusion in understanding this disclosure. Furthermore, the shapes, sizes, and positional relationships of the components in the drawings do not reflect their actual size, scale, or actual positional relationships.

[0067] In the detailed description above, various features are combined together in a single embodiment to simplify this disclosure. This approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are explicitly stated in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the appended claims, this disclosure is in a state of having fewer features than all of the features of the single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby explicitly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim representing a separate preferred embodiment of this disclosure.

[0068] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly specified. The term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims is interpreted in a manner similar to the term "including," as "including" is used as a conjunction in the claims. The use of any term "or" in the specification or claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or."

[0069] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this disclosure. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An animal individual information perception system, characterized in that, include: An ear tag node is attached to the individual animal to be sensed. The ear tag node includes multiple temperature sensors, a dynamic acquisition unit, and a processing unit. The system includes multiple temperature sensors for collecting temperature data of the individual animal, a dynamic acquisition unit for collecting movement data of the individual animal, and a processing unit for determining the actual body temperature and physiological information of the individual animal based on the temperature data and the movement data.

2. The animal individual information sensing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature data includes the target body temperature of the animal, the surface temperature of the animal, and the peritoneal temperature of the animal. The plurality of temperature sensors include: A first temperature sensor is used to collect the target's body temperature; A second temperature sensor is used to collect the body surface temperature; The third temperature sensor is used to collect the body periphery temperature.

3. The animal individual information sensing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The processing unit determines the actual body temperature of the individual animal, including: When the difference between the target body temperature and the body surface temperature is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, the actual body temperature is determined based on the body surface temperature, the body peritoneum temperature, and the ambient temperature, where the ambient temperature represents the air temperature of the environment in which the animal individual is located.

4. The animal individual information sensing system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The processing unit determines the actual body temperature of the individual animal and also includes: The heat diffusion rate is calculated based on the ratio between the target body temperature, the body surface temperature, the body peritoneum temperature, and the ambient temperature. When the heat diffusion rate is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, it is determined that the individual animal has an abnormal body temperature.

5. The animal individual information perception system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motion state data includes acceleration data and angular velocity data, and the dynamic acquisition unit includes: An acceleration unit is used to collect the acceleration data; A gyroscope is used to collect the angular velocity data.

6. The animal individual information sensing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The physiological information includes the animal's heart rate and respiratory rate, and the processing unit determines the animal's physiological information by including: Based on the acceleration data, the motion state of the individual animal is determined, including an active state and a resting state; When the animal is in a resting state, the body type of the animal is determined based on the angular velocity data; Determine the filtering method corresponding to the body type, and filter the acceleration data according to the filtering method to obtain the heart vibration signal and respiratory signal of the individual animal; The heart rate and the respiratory rate are determined based on the cardiac vibration signal and the respiratory signal.

7. The animal individual information sensing system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dynamic acquisition unit is also used for: When the animal is in the quiet state, the motion state data is collected at a first sampling rate; When the animal is in the active state, the motion state data is collected at a second sampling rate, which is lower than the first sampling rate.

8. The animal individual information sensing system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The processing unit determines the physiological information of the individual animal, and further includes: The heart rate and respiratory rate within a preset time window are accumulated respectively to obtain a heart rate sequence and a respiratory rate sequence; The degree of variability in the individual animal is determined based on the heart rate and respiratory rate sequences. When the degree of variation is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold, it is determined that the individual animal has cardiopulmonary rhythm abnormalities.

9. The animal individual information sensing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The animal individual information perception system also includes: Multiple target gateways are used to communicate with the ear tag nodes; A management platform is used to communicate with the multiple target gateways to receive the actual body temperature and the physiological information, and to manage the individual animal based on the actual body temperature and the physiological information; The earmark node also includes: Radio frequency identification (RFID) unit is used to provide identification for the individual animal.

10. A method for perceiving individual animal information, characterized in that, include: The ear tag node is used to collect temperature data and movement status data of the individual animal to be sensed. The ear tag node is set on the individual animal to be sensed and includes multiple temperature sensors, a dynamic acquisition unit and a processing unit. Based on the temperature data and the movement status data, the actual body temperature and physiological information of the individual animal are determined.

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