Magnetic stirring autoclave

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic stirring, and discloses a magnetic stirring autoclave which comprises an autoclave body, a connecting seat is mounted at the top of the autoclave body, an isolation sleeve is arranged at the top of the connecting seat, a motor mechanism is mounted at the top of the isolation sleeve and provides original power for the autoclave, a stirring shaft is mounted at the output end of the motor mechanism, and the stirring shaft is connected with the motor mechanism. A stirring shaft is arranged in the kettle body, one end of the stirring shaft extends into the kettle body and is connected with a stirrer structure, the stirrer structure stirs materials in the kettle body under the action of magnetic force, inner magnetic steel is arranged in the kettle body and is connected with the stirring shaft, and a cooling system is arranged in the kettle body. The state change of the magnetorheological fluid in the stirrer is controlled by using the magnetic field, and the telescopic shell is driven to transversely extend, so that the stirring range can be dynamically and reversibly adjusted along with the magnetic field intensity (rotating speed). The stirring volume is effectively increased, the mixing dead angle on the inner edge of the kettle is eliminated, and the process requirements of materials with different viscosities are automatically met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetic stirring technology, specifically to a magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in the fields of chemical, pharmaceutical, and materials synthesis, the performance of magnetically stirred autoclaves directly affects reaction efficiency, product quality, and energy consumption. Traditional magnetically stirred autoclaves typically achieve contactless power transmission through magnetic couplers, solving the fundamental problem of shaft seal leakage and ensuring operational safety under high-pressure environments.

[0003] However, in long-term practical applications, existing technologies still have several bottleneck problems that urgently need to be solved: Firstly, in terms of mixing, the structure and dimensions of traditional agitator blades are often fixed. This means that in the same reaction process, when the viscosity of the material changes from low to high as the reaction progresses, or when the process requires a change in mixing intensity, the fixed agitator cannot make adaptive adjustments, resulting in decreased mixing efficiency and the appearance of mixing dead zones.

[0004] Secondly, regarding temperature control, current mainstream jacketed or coil-type cooling systems suffer from significant thermal hysteresis and low heat transfer efficiency. They rely on the passive flow of the cooling medium within the channels, primarily engaging in laminar or weakly turbulent heat exchange, resulting in a thick heat transfer boundary layer and high thermal resistance. This leads to slow system response, insufficient temperature control precision, and the need to maintain high medium flow rates and volumes to achieve the desired cooling effect, resulting in high energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor, which solves the problem that a fixed stirrer cannot make adaptive adjustments when the mixing intensity is changed according to process requirements.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor, comprising a reactor body, a connecting seat mounted on the top of the reactor body, an isolation sleeve mounted on the top of the connecting seat, a motor mechanism mounted on the top of the isolation sleeve, which provides the primary power for the high-pressure reactor, a stirring shaft mounted on the output end of the motor mechanism, one end of the stirring shaft extending into the reactor body and connected to a stirring substructure, which stirs the material in the reactor body under the action of magnetic force, an internal magnet mounted inside the reactor body connected to the stirring shaft, and a cooling system mounted inside the reactor body for cooling the material inside the reactor body.

[0007] Preferably, the motor mechanism includes a motor, which is mounted on the top of the isolation sleeve, and an external magnet is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor.

[0008] Preferably, the stirring substructure includes a connecting shaft, one end of which is installed on one side of the outer wall of the stirring shaft, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a stirring body. The stirring body has an internal cavity filled with a magnetorheological fluid. A sliding groove is formed on one side of the outer wall of the internal cavity. One end of an extension plate is slidably connected to the sliding groove. The other end of the extension plate is fixedly connected to a double plate. One end of the double plate passes through the stirring body and is fixedly connected to a telescopic shell.

[0009] Preferably, the vessel body is provided with an external insulation layer and an internal isolation layer, and the cooling system is located between the insulation layer and the isolation layer. The cooling system includes a bonding plate, which is installed on the outer wall of the isolation layer. The bonding plate has a surrounding channel inside, the input end of the surrounding channel is connected to the output end of a water pump, and the output end of the surrounding channel is connected to the input end of a water pump. The water pump is located outside the vessel body.

[0010] Preferably, the interior of the surrounding channel has multiple longitudinal channels, and the interior of each longitudinal channel is rotatably connected to a auger.

[0011] Preferably, the bonding plate is made of either silicon carbide or boron nitride.

[0012] Preferably, the corners of the connecting shaft, the stirring body, and the telescopic shell are all chamfered.

[0013] Preferably, one end of a spring is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the extension plate, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the stirring body. A slope is provided on one side of the outer wall of the extension plate.

[0014] Preferably, the transverse area of ​​the built-in cavity changes from small to large from top to bottom, and the edge of the sliding groove is provided with a soft membrane that isolates the magnetorheological fluid from the extension plate. The soft membrane is made of one of polyurethane, silicone rubber, and natural rubber.

[0015] Working Principle: The core innovation of the magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor provided by this invention lies in its adaptive stirring and efficient cooling synergistic working mechanism. When the motor at the top starts, it drives the external magnet to rotate, and the resulting rotating magnetic field preferentially acts on the stirring substructure below. Under the sensing of the alternating magnetic field, the magnetic particles inside the magnetorheological fluid of the stirring substructure align in a specific direction, which not only increases the apparent viscosity of the fluid but also induces a magnetostrictive volume expansion effect. Due to the unique structure of the internal cavity containing the magnetorheological fluid with a cross-sectional area increasing from top to bottom, the expansion pressure driven by the magnetic field is mainly concentrated at the top of the cavity, thereby generating a continuous upward thrust on the components connected to the extension plates.

[0016] The thrust overcomes the preload of the built-in spring, pushing the extension plate to slide horizontally outward along the sliding groove. The carefully designed ramp structure on the extension plate cleverly and efficiently converts the vertical thrust into a horizontal component, which in turn pushes the telescopic shell outward through the double-plate assembly, ultimately achieving an intelligent increase in the working diameter of the stirrer. Thus, while the magnetic field strengthens and the rotational speed increases, the stirring range expands simultaneously, significantly increasing the effective volume of the stirred material and improving mixing efficiency. Furthermore, it brings material from the edge of the vessel into the stirring range, eliminating dead zones. When the magnetic field weakens or disappears, the magnetorheological fluid quickly returns to a fluid state, and the spring's restoring force pulls the extension plate and telescopic shell back, restoring the stirrer to its initial diameter.

[0017] To ensure the reliability of this dynamic process, the edges of the sliding groove are dynamically sealed with a polyurethane soft membrane that is highly elastic, wear-resistant, and oil-resistant, effectively isolating the magnetorheological fluid. Meanwhile, all edges and corners of the stirrer are chamfered, which reduces stress concentration, extends fatigue life, lowers fluid resistance, and prevents material adhesion.

[0018] In terms of temperature control, the autoclave employs a jacketed cooling system. Located between the outer insulation layer and the inner isolation layer, the core of this system is a laminated plate made of high thermal conductivity silicon carbide, with embedded surrounding channels. When a water pump drives cooling water to circulate within these channels, the heat generated by the reaction is rapidly and evenly absorbed by the silicon carbide laminated plate through the isolation layer and transferred to the cooling water. A key performance improvement of this system lies in the multiple longitudinal channels within the surrounding channels and the internal auger. The flow of cooling water naturally drives the auger to rotate, effectively disrupting the thermal boundary layer of the tube wall, promoting vigorous mixing and heat exchange between the hot and cold fluids, and inducing strong turbulence even at low flow rates, thus improving heat transfer efficiency. Notably, the system utilizes the flow energy generated by the downward flow of cooling water in the longitudinal channels due to gravity to drive the auger's tumbling, achieving effective utilization of gravitational potential energy, thereby improving cooling performance while reducing additional energy consumption.

[0019] This invention provides a magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention utilizes a magnetic field to control the state changes of the magnetorheological fluid inside the stirrer, driving the telescopic shell to extend laterally. This allows the stirring range to be dynamically and reversibly adjusted according to the magnetic field strength (rotation speed). This not only effectively increases the stirring volume and eliminates dead zones in the mixing process at the edges of the vessel, but also automatically adapts to the process requirements of materials with different viscosities, achieving a leap from "fixed stirring" to "intelligent stirring," thus improving mixing efficiency and effectiveness.

[0020] 2. The cooling system of this invention integrates a flow channel structure made of high thermal conductivity material with a built-in rotating auger. It utilizes the fluid's own flow to drive the auger's rotation, actively disrupting the thermal boundary layer and inducing strong turbulence, overcoming the lag and unevenness problems of traditional jacketed cooling. Simultaneously, the system cleverly utilizes the energy released by the gravity of the cooling medium to drive the auger, converting potential energy into hybrid power, maximizing heat exchange efficiency while reducing the system's additional energy consumption.

[0021] 3. The telescopic structure of the stirrer in this invention uses a high-performance elastomer soft membrane for dynamic sealing, ensuring the long-term sealing reliability of the magnetorheological fluid under frequent operation. Simultaneously, all critical edges of the fluid contact components are chamfered. This design effectively reduces stress concentration and fluid resistance, not only preventing material adhesion but also significantly improving the fatigue resistance of the stirring structure under alternating loads, ensuring the long lifespan and high reliability of the equipment under complex operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the stirring substructure of the magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor in this invention; Figure 5 This is a flow diagram of the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling system of the magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor in this invention; Figure 7 In this invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating the cooling system of the magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor in this invention.

[0023] The components are as follows: 1. Kettle body; 2. Connecting seat; 3. Isolation sleeve; 4. Motor mechanism; 41. Motor; 42. External magnet; 5. Stirring shaft; 6. Stirring substructure; 61. Connecting shaft; 62. Stirring body; 63. Internal cavity; 64. Magnetorheological fluid; 65. Sliding groove; 651. Soft membrane; 66. Extension plate; 661. Spring; 662. Inclined slope; 67. Double plate; 68. Telescopic shell; 7. Internal magnet; 8. Cooling system; 81. Adhesive plate; 82. Circular channel; 821. Longitudinal channel; 822. Tilting auger; 83. Water pump; 11. Insulation layer; 12. Isolation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 8 This invention provides a magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor, comprising a reactor body 1, a connecting seat 2 mounted on the top of the reactor body 1, an isolation sleeve 3 mounted on the top of the connecting seat 2, a motor mechanism 4 mounted on the top of the isolation sleeve 3, which provides the primary power for the high-pressure reactor, a stirring shaft 5 mounted on the output end of the motor mechanism 4, one end of the stirring shaft 5 extending into the interior of the reactor body 1 and connected to a stirring substructure 6, which stirs the material in the reactor body 1 under the action of magnetic force, an internal magnet 7 provided inside the reactor body 1, which is connected to the stirring shaft 5, and a cooling system 8 provided inside the reactor body 1, which is used to cool the material inside the reactor body 1.

[0026] The motor mechanism 4 includes a motor 41, which is mounted on the top of the isolation sleeve 3. An external magnet 42 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 41.

[0027] The stirring substructure 6 includes a connecting shaft 61. One end of the connecting shaft 61 is installed on one side of the outer wall of the stirring shaft 5, and the other end of the connecting shaft 61 is fixedly connected to the stirring body 62. The stirring body 62 has an internal cavity 63, which is filled with magnetorheological fluid 64. A sliding groove 65 is provided on one side of the outer wall of the internal cavity 63. One end of an extension plate 66 is slidably connected to the sliding groove 65. The other end of the extension plate 66 is fixedly connected to a double plate 67. One end of the double plate 67 passes through the stirring body 62 and is fixedly connected to a telescopic shell 68.

[0028] The corners of the connecting shaft 61, the stirring body 62, and the telescopic shell 68 are all chamfered.

[0029] One end of a spring 661 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the extension plate 66, and the other end of the spring 661 is fixedly connected to the inside of the stirring body 62. A ramp 662 is provided on one side of the outer wall of the extension plate 66.

[0030] The cross-sectional area of ​​the built-in cavity 63 increases from top to bottom. The edge of the sliding groove 65 is provided with a soft membrane 651, which isolates the magnetorheological fluid 64 from the extension plate 66. The soft membrane 651 is made of polyurethane.

[0031] Specifically, when the motor mechanism 4 drives the stirring shaft 5 to rotate, the outer magnet 42 connected to the stirring shaft 5 rotates synchronously. It should be noted that the vertical distance between the stirring substructure 6 and the outer magnet 42 is less than the vertical distance between the stirring substructure 6 and the inner magnet 7. Therefore, the stirring substructure 6 is preferentially acted upon by the magnetic field generated by the outer magnet 42. This rotating magnetic field is sensed by the magnetorheological fluid 64 inside the stirring body 62. Under the action of the alternating magnetic field, the magnetic particles inside the magnetorheological fluid 64 will continuously adjust their direction, generating complex fluid dynamic effects. More importantly, the magnetic field will induce an increase in the apparent viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid 64 and a slight magnetostrictive volume expansion effect. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the built-in cavity 63 is designed to increase from top to bottom, and the external magnet 42 is located at the top of the stirring substructure 6, the expansion pressure and viscosity increase effect of the magnetorheological fluid 64 generated in the magnetic field will move upward due to the magnetic force, mainly acting on the area with a smaller cross-sectional area at the top of the built-in cavity 63, thereby generating a continuous upward thrust on the extension plate 66. This thrust overcomes the preload of the spring 661 and pushes the extension plate 66 to slide outward along the sliding groove 65. The ramp 662 on one side of the outer wall of the extension plate 66 can more effectively convert the vertical thrust applied by the magnetorheological fluid 64 into a horizontal outward component force of the extension plate 66. This component force is then converted into the driving force of the double plates 67 under the action of the fixed connection, thus optimizing the transmission efficiency. One end of the telescopic shell 68 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring body 62, and the other end is pushed outward horizontally by the driving force of the double plates 67, thus completing the horizontal extension of the stirring substructure 6. Compared with the existing fixed-length stirring substructure, the stirring substructure 6 provided in this embodiment extends the length of the stirring substructure 6 simultaneously under the conditions of enhanced magnetic force and increased rotation speed, effectively increasing the volume of the stirred material inside the vessel 1, accelerating the working efficiency, and driving the stirring of the material at the edge inside the vessel 1 under the extension of the stirring substructure 6, thereby enhancing the stirring effect.

[0032] Furthermore, the design of the internal cavity 63 with its cross-sectional area increasing from top to bottom effectively reduces the volume of magnetorheological fluid 64 required to drive the extension plate 62, thus reducing material consumption.

[0033] In addition, the polyurethane soft membrane 651 set at the edge of the sliding groove 65 is a key sealing component. It has good elasticity, wear resistance and oil resistance, and can effectively seal the magnetorheological fluid 64 in the built-in cavity 63, while allowing the extension plate 66 to slide freely, thus achieving dynamic sealing.

[0034] When the magnetic field weakens or disappears, the magnetorheological fluid 64 quickly reverts to a low-viscosity Newtonian fluid, and the resulting expansion pressure and thrust also disappear. At this time, the compressed spring 661 releases its elastic force, pulling the extension plate 66 back inward, which in turn drives the telescopic shell 68 to retract, and the stir bar returns to its minimum diameter state.

[0035] The corners of the connecting shaft 61, the stirring body 62, and the telescopic shell 68 are all chamfered. This design reduces stress concentration, improves the fatigue life of the structure, and reduces fluid flow resistance, preventing material from accumulating at sharp corners.

[0036] The vessel body 1 is provided with an external insulation layer 11 and an internal isolation layer 12 on both sides. The cooling system 8 is located in the middle of the insulation layer 11 and the isolation layer 12. The cooling system 8 includes a bonding plate 81, which is installed on the outer wall of the isolation layer 12. The bonding plate 81 has a surrounding channel 82 inside. The input end of the surrounding channel 82 is connected to the output end of the water pump 83, and the output end of the surrounding channel 82 is connected to the input end of the water pump 83. The water pump 83 is located outside the vessel body 1.

[0037] Multiple longitudinal channels 821 are opened inside the surrounding channel 82, and a rotating auger 822 is rotatably connected inside the longitudinal channel 821.

[0038] The material of the bonding board 81 is silicon carbide.

[0039] Specifically, the water pump 83 is started, driving the cooling medium (water in this embodiment) to circulate in a closed loop. The cooling medium flows out from the outlet of the water pump 83 and enters the surrounding channel 82 located between the insulation layer 11 and the inner isolation layer 12. The heat generated during the reaction is first conducted to its outer wall through the inner isolation layer 12. Since the bonding plate 81 is made of silicon carbide material with high thermal conductivity, it can absorb the heat from the isolation layer 12 extremely quickly and evenly. The most critical performance improvement of this system lies in the rotating auger 822 inside the longitudinal channel 821. When the cooling medium flows through the longitudinal channel 821, it drives the rotating auger 822 to rotate. The rotating auger acts like a static mixer, which can fully mix the fluid with a lower temperature at the center of the pipe with the fluid with a higher temperature near the pipe wall, reducing the radial temperature gradient. Even if the medium flow rate is not high, the rotation of the auger can induce strong turbulence in the flow channel, which greatly enhances the convective heat transfer coefficient between the fluid and the pipe wall. The cooling medium flowing through the surrounding channel 82 exchanges heat with the high-temperature bonding plate 81, and the temperature of the cooling medium rises, thereby continuously carrying away the heat of the material in the vessel to achieve the cooling purpose.

[0040] It is worth mentioning that, due to the opening of the longitudinal channel 821, the cooling medium (water) flows to the bottom of the bonding plate 81 due to gravity. During the process of completing the medium circulation, this part of the gravity is converted into the tumbling force of the auger 822, which effectively reduces energy consumption.

[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A magnetically stirred high-pressure vessel, comprising a vessel body (1), characterized in that, The top of the vessel body (1) is equipped with a connecting seat (2), the top of the connecting seat (2) is provided with an isolation sleeve (3), the top of the isolation sleeve (3) is equipped with a motor mechanism (4), which provides the original power of the high pressure vessel, the output end of the motor mechanism (4) is equipped with a stirring shaft (5), one end of the stirring shaft (5) extends into the interior of the vessel body (1) and is connected to a stirring substructure (6), which stirs the material in the vessel body (1) under the action of magnetic force, the interior of the vessel body (1) is provided with an internal magnet (7), which is connected to the stirring shaft (5), and the interior of the vessel body (1) is provided with a cooling system (8) for cooling the material inside the vessel body (1).

2. The magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor mechanism (4) includes a motor (41), which is mounted on the top of the isolation sleeve (3), and an external magnet (42) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (41).

3. The magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring substructure (6) includes a connecting shaft (61), one end of which is installed on the outer wall of the stirring shaft (5), and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a stirring body (62). The stirring body (62) has an internal cavity (63) inside, which is filled with magnetorheological fluid (64). A sliding groove (65) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the internal cavity (63). One end of an extension plate (66) is slidably connected inside the sliding groove (65). The other end of the extension plate (66) is fixedly connected to a double plate (67). One end of the double plate (67) passes through the stirring body (62) and is fixedly connected to a telescopic shell (68).

4. The magnetically stirred high-pressure reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vessel body (1) is provided with an external insulation layer (11) and an internal isolation layer (12). The cooling system (8) is located between the insulation layer (11) and the isolation layer (12). The cooling system (8) includes a bonding plate (81). The bonding plate (81) is installed on the outer wall of the isolation layer (12). The bonding plate (81) has a surrounding channel (82) inside. The input end of the surrounding channel (82) is connected to the output end of the water pump (83). The output end of the surrounding channel (82) is connected to the input end of the water pump (83). The water pump (83) is located outside the vessel body (1).

5. A magnetically stirred autoclave according to claim 4, characterized in that, The interior of the surrounding channel (82) has multiple longitudinal channels (821), and the interior of the longitudinal channels (821) is rotatably connected to a rotating auger (822).

6. The magnetically stirred autoclave according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bonding plate (81) is made of either silicon carbide or boron nitride.

7. A magnetically stirred autoclave according to claim 3, characterized in that, The corners of the connecting shaft (61), the stirring body (62), and the telescopic shell (68) are all chamfered.

8. A magnetically stirred autoclave according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of a spring (661) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the extension plate (66), and the other end of the spring (661) is fixedly connected to the inside of the stirring body (62). A ramp (662) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the extension plate (66).

9. A magnetically stirred autoclave according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the built-in cavity (63) increases from top to bottom. The edge of the sliding groove (65) is provided with a soft membrane (651), which isolates the magnetorheological fluid (64) from the extension plate (66). The soft membrane (651) is made of polyurethane, silicone rubber and natural rubber.

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