Drill hole deflection self-correcting raise boring machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of raise boring machines, and discloses a drill hole deflection self-correcting raise boring machine which comprises a drilling machine platform, a drill hole deflection self-correcting device and a drill hole deflection self-correcting device. The drill rods are arranged on the drilling machine platform, the drill rods are provided with a plurality of sections, the uppermost drill rod is connected with the driving part, and the driving part provides driving force for the drill rods; the first reverse thrust component is arranged on the connecting shaft, and the liquid inlet component, the piston ring, the wedge-shaped piece and the lower pressing table are matched to form intermittent high-pressure liquid pulses, so that hydraulic pressure can be periodically converted into radial extension action of the first contact roller; therefore, the lowest section of drill rod is limited in time at the initial stage of drilling and when the connecting shaft tends to deflect, and initial deflection caused by upper reverse thrust transmission lag is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reverse drilling rig technology, specifically to a reverse drilling rig with self-correcting borehole deviation. Background Technology

[0002] Raised shaft drilling is widely used in the construction of mine ventilation shafts, ore passes, and connecting passages. It typically involves placing a drilling rig at the top to create a pilot hole, followed by reaming to complete the well. As well depth increases and formation hardness varies, the accuracy of the pilot hole trajectory has a more significant impact on subsequent reaming quality, the risk of stuck drill bit, and well completion efficiency.

[0003] Current pilot hole control relies heavily on drill pipe stiffness, centralizer configuration, and fixed-point inclination measurement. When deviation occurs, it is corrected by stopping drilling, adjusting drilling parameters, or applying intermittent corrective forces. These corrective actions are often performed far from the cutting edge at the front end. Once the drill bit enters the rock and forms a stable cutting constraint, the lateral forces are easily converted into bending deformation and frictional dissipation in the long drill pipe section.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies are unable to effectively transfer the correction force to the vicinity of the drill bit and form a stable correction effect under intermittent correction conditions, which leads to the easy accumulation of pilot hole deviation and an increased risk of hole deviation exceeding tolerance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a self-correcting reverse drilling rig for borehole deviation, aiming to alleviate the aforementioned problems to at least some extent.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A borehole deviation self-correcting reverse drilling rig includes:

[0008] Drilling rig platform, wherein the drilling rig platform is equipped with a drive unit;

[0009] The drill rod is mounted on the drilling platform. The drill rod has multiple sections, and the uppermost drill rod is connected to the drive unit, which provides driving force to the drill rod.

[0010] A reverse drilling platform is located at the bottom of the drilling platform. A connecting shaft is connected to the top of the reverse drilling platform. The connecting shaft is connected to the lowest drill rod. The reverse drilling platform is equipped with multiple drill bits.

[0011] A fluid inlet component located between the drilling platform and the drill rod is used to supply fluid to the drill rod, the connecting shaft, and the reverse drilling platform;

[0012] A first thrust component mounted on the connecting shaft is used to apply radial thrust to the orifice wall when the liquid pressure delivered by the liquid inlet component reaches a predetermined pressure value;

[0013] The second thrust component, located on the reverse drilling platform, is used to work in conjunction with the first thrust component after the reverse drilling platform forms an enlarged diameter hole section and the second thrust component enters the enlarged diameter hole section, so as to keep the reverse drilling platform centered.

[0014] Preferably, the drilling platform is provided with a connecting platform, the uppermost section of the drill rod is connected to the connecting platform, and the output shaft of the drive unit is connected to the connecting platform for transmission.

[0015] Preferably, the fluid inlet component includes a sleeve fixed inside the drilling platform, a connecting platform rotatably connected to the inside of the sleeve, a fluid inlet cavity formed between the connecting platform and the sleeve, a fluid inlet pipe connected to the sleeve and communicating with the fluid inlet cavity, the fluid inlet pipe extending upward to the top of the drilling platform, and multiple fluid inlet channels provided on the outer wall of the connecting platform, the fluid inlet channels communicating with the drill rod.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid inlet component further includes a piston ring slidably connected within the liquid inlet chamber, a first spring connecting the piston ring and the sleeve, a push rod connected to the piston ring, and a wedge plate connected to the connecting platform.

[0017] Preferably, the reverse drilling platform has multiple flow channels inside, and each flow channel is connected to a liquid outlet pipe. The liquid outlet pipe extends upward to the top of the reverse drilling platform and is connected to a nozzle.

[0018] Preferably, the first thrust component includes a receiving opening on the outer wall of the connecting shaft, a first contact roller is provided in the receiving opening, a first connecting rod is slidably connected in the receiving opening, and the first contact roller is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod;

[0019] A lower pressure platform is slidably connected inside the connecting shaft, and a first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lower pressure platform. The bottom of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod.

[0020] A connecting bracket is fixed inside the connecting shaft. A second spring is connected between the connecting bracket and the lower pressure platform. A funnel opening is opened at the top of the lower pressure platform, which passes through the lower pressure platform. A sealing rod is connected to the connecting bracket, and the sealing rod is adapted to the bottom of the funnel opening.

[0021] Preferably, a fixed shaft is connected inside the reverse drilling platform, a sliding shaft is slidably connected to the fixed shaft, a third spring is connected between the sliding shaft and the fixed shaft, a plurality of push shafts are slidably connected to the sliding shaft, a fourth spring is connected between the push shaft and the sliding shaft, the push shaft extends upward and is connected to a top rod, and a second connecting rod is connected to the bottom of the first connecting rod;

[0022] The outer wall of the reverse drilling platform is provided with a second contact roller, and a pusher extending to the second contact roller is slidably connected inside the reverse drilling platform. The second contact roller is rotatably connected to the pusher, and the pusher is slidably connected to the push shaft.

[0023] Preferably, the push rod is slidably connected to the top of the push shaft, and a fifth spring is connected between the push rod and the push shaft, and the top of the push rod has a ramp.

[0024] Preferably, the outer wall of the reverse drilling platform is slidably connected to a top contact platform, the position of the top contact platform is lower than the second contact roller, one end of the top contact platform is connected to a connecting strip, the connecting strip extends toward the fixed shaft and is rotatably connected to a second connecting rod, the top of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the sliding shaft;

[0025] The top contact platform protrudes beyond the maximum diameter of the reverse drilling platform.

[0026] Preferably, the top of the reverse drilling platform is connected to a mounting plate, and the drill bit is disposed on the mounting plate.

[0027] In summary, the present invention has the following main beneficial effects:

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, this invention firstly sets up a first thrust reverser on the connecting shaft and utilizes the fluid inlet component, piston ring, wedge, and lower pressure platform to form intermittent high-pressure fluid pulses. This allows the hydraulic pressure to be periodically converted into the radial extension action of the first contact roller, thereby timely limiting the bottom section of the drill pipe during the initial drilling stage and when the connecting shaft tends to deviate, reducing the initial sway caused by the lag in the transmission of the upper thrust reverser. Secondly, by setting up a second thrust reverser on the reverse drilling platform and having it work in conjunction with the first thrust reverser after forming and entering the enlarged borehole section on the reverse drilling platform, a proximal support point closer to the cutting area is formed near the reverse drilling platform. This reduces the attenuation of the thrust reverser action when transmitted over a long distance along the connecting shaft, improving the centering stability and trajectory correction accuracy during the enlargement stage. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sleeve structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting platform structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the anti-drilling platform structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connecting shaft structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is another cross-sectional schematic diagram of the reverse drilling platform structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of the local structure at point a;

[0037] Figure 9 yes Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point b.

[0038] Figure label:

[0039] 100. Drilling rig platform; 101. Drive unit; 102. Drill rod; 103. Reverse drilling platform; 104. Connecting shaft; 105. Drilling head; 106. Mounting plate;

[0040] 200. Connecting platform; 201. Sleeve; 202. Liquid inlet chamber; 203. Liquid inlet pipe; 204. Liquid inlet channel; 205. Piston ring; 206. First spring; 207. Push rod; 208. Wedge plate; 209. Flow channel; 210. Liquid outlet pipe; 211. Nozzle;

[0041] 300. Reception opening; 301. First contact roller; 302. First connecting rod; 303. Lower pressure table; 304. First connecting rod; 305. Connecting bracket; 306. Second spring; 307. Funnel opening; 308. Sealing rod;

[0042] 400. Fixed shaft; 401. Sliding shaft; 402. Third spring; 403. Push shaft; 404. Fourth spring; 405. Push rod; 406. Second connecting rod; 407. Fifth spring; 408. Slope; 409. Second contact roller; 410. Push bar;

[0043] 500, Top contact platform; 501, Connecting bar; 502, Second connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] refer to Figures 1-9This embodiment provides a self-correcting reverse drilling rig for borehole deviation, including a drilling platform 100, a drive unit 101, a drill pipe 102, a reverse drilling platform 103, a fluid inlet component, a first reverse thrust component, and a second reverse thrust component.

[0046] The drilling platform 100 serves as the mounting base for the entire machine. The drive unit 101 is mounted on the drilling platform 100 and provides rotational driving force and upward thrust required for drilling to the drill rod 102. The drill rod 102 has multiple sections, which are connected sequentially along the axial direction. The uppermost section is connected to the drive unit 101, and the lowermost section is connected to the connecting shaft 104. The lower end of the connecting shaft 104 is fixedly connected to the reverse drilling platform 103, so that the power output by the drive unit 101 can be sequentially transmitted to the connecting shaft 104 and the reverse drilling platform 103.

[0047] Furthermore, the reverse drilling platform 103 is located at the lower working end of the drilling platform 100. Multiple drill bits 105 are provided on the top of the reverse drilling platform 103 and are located axially in the front cutting area of ​​the reverse drilling platform 103. The drill bits 105 located on the outer periphery of the top of the reverse drilling platform 103 have a radial cutting range greater than the outer diameter of the reverse drilling platform 103, so as to form an enlarged hole section with a diameter greater than the outer diameter of the reverse drilling platform 103 during drilling.

[0048] The second reverse thrust component is disposed on the outer periphery of the reverse drilling platform 103 and is located in the non-cutting area on the outer periphery of the multiple drill bits 105, so that the multiple drill bits 105 first cut the rock wall, and then the second reverse thrust component enters the already formed enlarged diameter hole section, thereby avoiding interference between the second reverse thrust component and the front cutting action.

[0049] In this embodiment, the liquid inlet component is installed on the drilling platform 100 and communicates with the inner cavity of the uppermost drill rod 102. The liquid inlet component can continuously supply liquid into the drill rod 102. The liquid flows downward along the inner cavity of the drill rod 102 and enters the internal channel of the connecting shaft 104 and the reverse drilling platform 103. On the one hand, it is used to cool the drill bit 105 at the reverse drilling platform 103 and flush the cutting area. On the other hand, it is used to provide hydraulic driving force for the first reverse thrust component and the second reverse thrust component.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first reverse thrust component is disposed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 104. When the liquid pressure delivered by the liquid inlet component reaches a predetermined pressure value, it applies a reaction support force to the connecting shaft 104.

[0051] In this embodiment, the second reverse thrust component is disposed on the outer periphery of the reverse drilling platform 103. Multiple drill bits 105 first cut to form an enlarged diameter hole section. Then the reverse drilling platform 103 and the second reverse thrust component enter the enlarged diameter hole section and contact the hole wall. Therefore, the second reverse thrust component can provide more direct radial support close to the cutting area without affecting the cutting of the rock wall by the front drill bits 105.

[0052] In this embodiment, during operation, the drive unit 101 drives the multi-section drill rod 102, the connecting shaft 104, and the reverse drilling platform 103 to rotate synchronously, and drives the reverse drilling platform 103 to continuously drill. The liquid inlet component continuously supplies liquid into the drill rod 102 to cool and flush the reverse drilling platform 103. When drilling begins or the connecting shaft 104 tends to deviate, the liquid pressure reaches a predetermined pressure value. The first thrust component then radially limits the connecting shaft 104 and the lowermost drill rod 102, adjusting the axis of the lowermost drill rod 102 towards the center of the borehole. As drilling continues, multiple drill bits 105 on the front side of the reverse drilling platform 103 continuously cut the rock wall, and the outer peripheral drill bits 105 form an enlarged diameter section. When the reverse drilling platform 103 continues to advance until the second reverse thrust component enters the enlarged diameter section, the second reverse thrust component works in conjunction with the first reverse thrust component. The second reverse thrust component, being closer to the cutting area, provides more direct radial support to the reverse drilling platform 103, while the first reverse thrust component continues to provide auxiliary limiting for the connecting shaft 104. This together suppresses the sway of the reverse drilling platform 103 and keeps the lowest section of drill rod 102 in a relatively stable centered state with the reverse drilling platform 103.

[0053] With the above structure, during drilling, if only the first thrust component mounted on the connecting shaft 104 applies radial thrust to the borehole wall, due to the axial distance between the first thrust component and the multiple drill bits 105 on the front side of the reverse drilling platform 103 and the connecting shaft 104 and the lowest drill rod 102, as the reverse drilling platform 103 continues to penetrate the rock, the multiple drill bits 105 are always under cutting force. The cutting resistance, borehole wall friction, and bending deformation of the connecting shaft 104 and the lowest drill rod 102 will cause the correction effect applied by the first thrust component to gradually decrease as it is transmitted to the front end of the reverse drilling platform 103. At this time, although the first thrust component can form a certain radial limit on the connecting shaft 104 and the lowest drill rod 102, its support for the front end of the reverse drilling platform 103 near the cutting area is relatively limited. This can easily lead to situations where the front end of the reverse drilling platform 103 still has a tendency to wobble, the correction response is lagging, and the borehole trajectory correction is insufficient.

[0054] Based on this, a second thrust member located in the non-cutting area is provided on the back drill 103. After the outer peripheral drill bit 105 cuts to form an enlarged diameter hole section, the second thrust member enters the enlarged diameter hole section with the back drill 103 and applies radial thrust to the hole wall of the enlarged diameter hole section. Since the second thrust member is closer to the cutting area where the multiple drill bits 105 are located than the first thrust member, the support point formed by the second thrust member on the back drill 103 is closer to the actual cutting force point, which can more directly restrict the attitude of the back drill 103 and reduce the attenuation of the thrust force after long-distance transmission. Furthermore, the first reverse thrust component pre-limits the connecting shaft 104 and the lowermost drill rod 102, while the second reverse thrust component provides near-end support for the reverse drilling platform 103. The two components work in stages and in coordination, so that the corresponding radial support effect can be obtained under different working conditions before drilling and after the reverse drilling platform 103 enters the enlarged hole section. This reduces the sway amplitude of the reverse drilling platform 103, improves the coaxial stability of the reverse drilling platform 103 and the lowermost drill rod 102, and thus improves the accuracy of drilling trajectory control.

[0055] In this embodiment, a connecting platform 200 is provided within the drilling platform 100. The connecting platform 200 is located within the transmission mounting area of ​​the drilling platform 100 and forms an installation fit with the drilling platform 100. The uppermost drill rod 102 is connected to the connecting platform 200, making this drill rod 102 the upper force-bearing connecting section of the entire drill rod 102 set. The output shaft of the drive unit 101 is drive-connected to the connecting platform 200. The rotational force output by the drive unit 101 is first transmitted to the connecting platform 200, and then transmitted from the connecting platform 200 to the uppermost drill rod 102, thereby driving all drill rod 102 sections to rotate synchronously. Preferably, the connecting platform 200 can serve as an upper intermediate transmission component, transitioning the torque output by the drive unit 101 and providing relatively stable installation support for the uppermost drill rod 102.

[0056] When the equipment is working, after the drive unit 101 starts, the output shaft drives the connecting platform 200 to rotate. The connecting platform 200 then drives the uppermost drill rod 102 to rotate, thereby transmitting the rotational power downwards along each drill rod 102 to the connecting shaft 104 and the reverse drilling platform 103. Because the connecting platform 200 is set inside the drilling platform 100, the drive unit 101 and the uppermost drill rod 102 are no longer directly rigidly connected. Instead, they are driven through the connecting platform 200, making the power transmission path of the drive unit 101 more stable. At the same time, it is beneficial to position and support the uppermost drill rod 102, reducing the localized force concentration caused by the drive unit 101 directly acting on the upper end of the drill rod 102. This improves the transmission stability at the upper end connection of the drill rod 102 and the overall smoothness of operation during the drilling process.

[0057] In some embodiments, the drive unit 101 includes a drive motor and a reduction gear transmission. The drive motor is located within the drilling platform 100, and the reduction gear transmission is located between the drive motor and the connecting platform 200. The output shaft of the reduction gear transmission is connected to the connecting platform 200, and the uppermost section of the drill rod 102 is connected to the connecting platform 200. During operation, the drive motor outputs power, which is reduced in speed and increased in torque by the reduction gear transmission before being transmitted to the connecting platform 200. The connecting platform 200 then drives the uppermost section of the drill rod 102 to rotate, thereby causing the lower sections of the drill rod 102, the connecting shaft 104, and the reverse drilling platform 103 to rotate synchronously. By providing the reduction gear transmission, the matching between the output torque of the drive unit 101 and the reverse drilling condition can be improved, making the power output during the drilling process more stable.

[0058] In some embodiments, the fluid inlet component includes a sleeve 201 fixed within the drilling platform 100. The sleeve 201 can be disposed as a stationary mounting component within the internal mounting cavity of the drilling platform 100. A connecting platform 200 is rotatably connected to the interior of the sleeve 201. An annular space is reserved between the outer periphery of the connecting platform 200 and the inner wall of the sleeve 201, forming the fluid inlet cavity 202. A fluid inlet pipe 203 is connected to the sleeve 201, communicating with the fluid inlet cavity 202, and extending upward to the top of the drilling platform 100 for connection with an external fluid supply device. The outer wall of the connecting platform 200 is provided with multiple liquid inlet channels 204, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the connecting platform 200. The outer side of each liquid inlet channel 204 communicates with the liquid inlet chamber 202, and the inner side communicates with the inner cavity of the uppermost section of the drill rod 102. This allows for continuous liquid delivery to the drill rod 102 even when the connecting platform 200 is rotating. Preferably, a sealing structure can also be provided between the sleeve 201 and the connecting platform 200 to limit and seal the axial sides of the liquid inlet chamber 202, reducing the possibility of liquid leakage from the gap between the connecting platform 200 and the sleeve 201.

[0059] During operation, external liquid enters the inlet chamber 202 through the inlet pipe 203. The liquid first forms an annular storage area around the connecting platform 200, and then enters the uppermost section of the drill rod 102 through multiple inlet channels 204 on the outer wall of the connecting platform 200. Subsequently, it is transported downwards along each section of the drill rod 102 to the connecting shaft 104 and the reverse drilling platform 103. Since the connecting platform 200 and the sleeve 201 are rotatably connected, while the connecting platform 200 rotates synchronously with the drill rod 102, the sleeve 201 and the inlet pipe 203 can remain relatively stationary. Therefore, the liquid supply path and the power transmission path are separated, which can ensure both continuous rotation of the drill rod 102 and stable liquid entry into the drill rod 102, without the inlet pipe 203 becoming entangled or the liquid supply being interrupted due to the rotation of the drill rod 102.

[0060] In this embodiment, the liquid inlet component further includes a piston ring 205 slidably connected within the liquid inlet chamber 202. The piston ring 205 is slidably disposed up and down along the inner wall of the sleeve 201. A first spring 206 is connected between the piston ring 205 and the sleeve 201. The first spring 206 is used to apply a restoring force to the piston ring 205 so that the piston ring 205 maintains its initial position when not subjected to external force. A push rod 207 is connected to the piston ring 205. The push rod 207 extends radially or obliquely to the outer periphery of the connecting platform 200. A wedge-shaped plate 208 is connected to the connecting platform 200. The wedge-shaped plate 208 rotates synchronously with the connecting platform 200, and when the wedge-shaped plate 208 rotates to a predetermined position, it can contact the push rod 207 and apply a compressive force to the push rod 207.

[0061] When the connecting platform 200 rotates, the wedge-shaped plate 208 rotates synchronously with the connecting platform 200. When the wedge-shaped plate 208 is not in contact with the push rod 207, the piston ring 205 maintains its initial position under the elastic force of the first spring 206. At this time, the liquid inlet pipe 203 remains in communication with the liquid inlet chamber 202, and external liquid can continuously enter the liquid inlet chamber 202 through the liquid inlet pipe 203 and enter the drill pipe 102 through the liquid inlet channel 204 on the connecting platform 200. When the wedge-shaped plate 208 rotates to contact the push rod 207, the wedge-shaped plate 208 applies a squeezing force to the push rod 207, pushing the piston ring 205 to slide downward along the liquid inlet chamber 202. The first spring 206 is compressed, and when the piston ring 205 moves down to a predetermined position, it blocks the communication between the liquid inlet pipe 203 and the liquid inlet chamber 202. As the piston ring 205 continues to move downward, the effective volume of the liquid inlet chamber 202 decreases, and the connection port of the liquid inlet pipe 203 is temporarily closed. The liquid in the liquid inlet chamber 202 is squeezed and the pressure increases, thereby forming intermittent high-pressure liquid.

[0062] As the wedge 208 continues to rotate and disengages from the push rod 207, the push rod 207 loses external compressive force. The piston ring 205 moves upward under the reset action of the first spring 206, and the inlet pipe 203 reconnects with the inlet chamber 202. The volume of the inlet chamber 202 returns to its initial state, and the inlet component continues to supply atmospheric or low-pressure liquid into the drill pipe 102. Through this process, for each revolution of the connecting platform 200, the wedge 208 applies at least one periodic pressure to the push rod 207, causing periodic high-pressure liquid pulses to be generated within the inlet chamber 202, providing intermittent hydraulic driving force for the first and second reverse thrust components.

[0063] In this embodiment, the reverse drilling platform 103 has multiple flow channels 209 inside. These flow channels 209 are radially distributed along the reverse drilling platform 103 and communicate with the liquid inlet path inside the reverse drilling platform 103, allowing the liquid transported by the drill rod 102 and connecting shaft 104 to enter the reverse drilling platform 103. Each flow channel 209 is connected to a liquid outlet pipe 210, which extends upwards from the inside of the reverse drilling platform 103 to its top. Each outlet pipe 210 has a nozzle 211 connected to its outlet end. The nozzles 211 are positioned on the top of the reverse drilling platform 103 near the multiple drill bits 105, allowing the liquid sprayed from the nozzles 211 to be directed towards the drilling area.

[0064] During operation, the liquid supplied by the inlet component enters the reverse drilling platform 103 via the drill rod 102 and connecting shaft 104. It first flows through multiple flow channels 209, then through outlet pipes 210 to the corresponding nozzles 211, from which it is sprayed onto the drilling area at the top of the reverse drilling platform 103. Because the multiple flow channels 209 are connected to multiple nozzles 211, the liquid can be dispersed and delivered to different positions on the top of the reverse drilling platform 103, thus continuously supplying liquid to the cutting areas near the multiple drill bits 105. The liquid sprayed from the nozzles 211 cools the multiple drill bits 105, reducing their temperature rise during continuous drilling; it also washes away and removes rock cuttings generated during cutting, reducing their accumulation on the top of the reverse drilling platform 103 and preventing them from affecting the drilling operation.

[0065] Based on the above embodiments, the first thrust component includes a receiving opening 300 formed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 104. The receiving opening 300 extends radially inward along the connecting shaft 104. A first contact roller 301 is disposed inside the receiving opening 300 and near the outer side of the receiving opening 300. A first connecting rod 302 is slidably disposed inside the receiving opening 300. A lower pressure platform 303 is slidably disposed inside the connecting shaft 104. The lower pressure platform 303 can move up and down along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 104. A first connecting rod 304 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lower pressure platform 303. The bottom of the first connecting rod 304 is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 302. A connecting bracket 305 is fixedly disposed inside the connecting shaft 104. The connecting bracket 305 is located above the lower pressure platform 303. A second spring 306 is connected between the connecting bracket 305 and the lower pressure platform 303 to apply an upward restoring elastic force to the lower pressure platform 303. The top of the lower pressure platform 303 has a funnel opening 307 that penetrates through the lower pressure platform 303. A sealing rod 308 is fixed on the connecting bracket 305. The sealing rod 308 is arranged from bottom to top corresponding to the funnel opening 307, and the sealing rod 308 is adapted to the bottom of the funnel opening 307. With the above structure, during normal liquid feeding, the liquid can flow downward through the funnel opening 307 and enter the reverse drilling platform 103. At the same time, the structure of the funnel opening 307, which is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, provides a smooth flow path for the liquid during the normal liquid supply phase and reserves a gradually narrowing flow area for subsequent closed pressurization operations.

[0066] During operation, the liquid inlet component is in a normal liquid supply state. The liquid flows downward along the drill rod 102 and the connecting shaft 104, and enters the reverse drilling platform 103 through the funnel opening 307. At this time, the lower pressure platform 303 is maintained in its initial upward position under the action of the second spring 306. The bottom of the funnel opening 307 is kept apart from the sealing rod 308. The first connecting rod 304 and the first connecting rod 302 are in a retracted state, and the first contact roller 301 is housed in the receiving port 300. When the upstream piston ring 205 moves downward under the action of the wedge plate 208 and forms a pulse pressure boost on the liquid in the liquid inlet chamber 202, the liquid pressure and flow rate increase synchronously in a short time. The high-pressure liquid acts on the upper surface of the lower pressure platform 303, pushing the lower pressure platform 303 to move downward against the elastic force of the second spring 306. As the lower pressure platform 303 moves downward, the bottom of the funnel opening 307 gradually approaches the sealing rod 308 and engages with it after reaching a predetermined stroke, thus sealing the lower end of the funnel opening 307. At this time, the downward flow of liquid is cut off, while the high-pressure liquid above continues to act on the lower pressure platform 303, causing it to continue to move downward. During this continued downward movement, the first connecting rod 304 swings around its rotating connection point and drives the first connecting rod 302 to slide outward along the receiving opening 300, thereby pushing the first contact roller 301 to extend outward from the receiving opening 300, so that the first contact roller 301 contacts the corresponding hole wall on the outer side of the connecting shaft 104 and forms a radial thrust support. After the upstream pulse pressure is released, the hydraulic pressure on the lower pressure platform 303 decreases, the second spring 306 pushes the lower pressure platform 303 to reset upward, the funnel opening 307 disengages from the sealing rod 308 and resumes conduction, the first connecting rod 304 and the first connecting rod 302 return to their original positions, and the first contact roller 301 retracts back into the container 300, thus completing one intermittent reverse thrust operation.

[0067] Without the funnel opening 307 and its corresponding sealing rod 308, the high-pressure liquid will continuously drain downwards after entering the connecting shaft 104, making it difficult to achieve the phased action of first establishing stable flow and then instantaneous closure. The hydraulic pressure on the lower pressure platform 303 will not build up quickly, easily leading to insufficient downward pressure, delayed reverse thrust response, and unstable extension of the first contact roller 301. Therefore, by setting the funnel opening 307, the liquid enters the reverse drilling platform 103 through the funnel opening 307 under normal conditions. Then, during pulse pressurization, the lower pressure platform 303 moves downwards, causing the funnel opening 307 to cooperate with the sealing rod 308 to close, forming an action sequence of first guiding flow, then closing, and finally downward pressure drive. Taking advantage of the incompressibility of liquids, the hydraulic pressure can be more effectively converted into the axial displacement of the lower pressure plate 303 after sealing, and then into the radial displacement of the first contact roller 301 via the first connecting rod 304 and the first connecting rod 302. This allows the first thrust component to quickly extend and press against the borehole wall when needed, achieving intermittent thrust support for the connecting shaft 104 and the lowest section of the drill rod 102, which is beneficial to improving the responsiveness, stability and correction effect of the thrust operation.

[0068] In this embodiment, a fixed shaft 400 is connected inside the reverse drilling platform 103. The fixed shaft 400 is arranged along the axial direction of the reverse drilling platform 103 and serves as the mounting reference for the second reverse thrust component. A sliding shaft 401 is slidably connected to the fixed shaft 400. The sliding shaft 401 can move relative to the fixed shaft 400 along its axial direction. A third spring 402 is connected between the fixed shaft 400 and the sliding shaft 401 to apply a reset force to the sliding shaft 401. Multiple push shafts 403 are slidably connected to the sliding shaft 401. The multiple push shafts 403 are spaced apart circumferentially along the sliding shaft 401. A fourth spring 404 is connected between each push shaft 403 and the sliding shaft 401. The fourth spring 404 is used to reset the push shaft 403 after it is subjected to force. Each push shaft 403 extends upward and is connected to a push rod 405. At the same time, a second connecting rod 406 is connected to the bottom of the first connecting rod 302 so that the first connecting rod 302 is displaced in conjunction with the movement of the first reverse thrust component.

[0069] Furthermore, the outer wall of the reverse drilling platform 103 is provided with a second contact roller 409, and a pusher 410 extending to the second contact roller 409 is slidably connected inside the reverse drilling platform 103. The second contact roller 409 is rotatably connected to the pusher 410, and the pusher 410 is slidably connected to the push shaft 403. Preferably, the pusher 410 is arranged radially along the reverse drilling platform 103. When the push shaft 403 is subjected to force displacement, it can drive the pusher 410 to move radially outward, thereby causing the second contact roller 409 to extend outward from the reverse drilling platform 103 and contact the borehole wall. The second contact roller 409 adopts a rolling contact method. When contacting the borehole wall of the enlarged borehole section, it can reduce frictional resistance while providing radial thrust support, thereby reducing the scraping of the borehole wall by the reverse drilling platform 103 during rotation.

[0070] The working process of this embodiment is as follows. Before the reverse drilling platform 103 enters the enlarged hole section, the sliding shaft 401 is in the initial position, and the push rod 405 is in a standby state with the second connecting rod 406 misaligned. At this time, the multiple push rods 405 are outside the movement range of the second connecting rod 406. Even if the first reverse thrust component moves and drives the first connecting rod 302 to move, the second connecting rod 406 will not contact the push rod 405, thereby keeping the second reverse thrust component in a non-moving state to avoid the second contact roller 409 extending prematurely and interfering with the surrounding hole wall before the enlarged hole space is formed.

[0071] As the reverse drilling rig 103 continues drilling and the drill bit 105 forms an enlarged diameter section, the reverse drilling rig 103 enters this enlarged diameter section. The sliding shaft 401 moves upward a certain distance, driving multiple push shafts 403 and push rods 405 to move upward as a whole, so that the push rods 405 enter the movement range of the second connecting rod 406. At this time, the second reverse thrust component switches from the standby state to the triggerable state.

[0072] During the next action of the first thrust component, the lower pressure plate 303 moves downward, causing the first connecting rod 304 and the first connecting rod 302 to move. The displacement of the first connecting rod 302 is transmitted downward through the second connecting rod 406. Since the push rod 405 has entered the range of motion of the second connecting rod 406 at this time, the second connecting rod 406 will contact the corresponding push rod 405 during the linkage displacement process, and push the push rod 405 to drive the corresponding push shaft 403 to move. After the push shaft 403 moves, it overcomes the elastic force of the fourth spring 404, and transmits the displacement to the outer wall of the reverse drilling platform 103 through the push bar 410 that is slidably connected to it, causing the push bar 410 to move radially outward, thereby driving the second contact roller 409 to extend outward and press against the hole wall of the enlarged diameter section, thus forming the second thrust support. After the first reverse thrust component finishes its current action, the second connecting rod 406 contacts the push rod 405, and the push shaft 403 returns to its original position under the action of the fourth spring 404. The push bar 410 and the second contact roller 409 then retract.

[0073] By incorporating a fixed shaft 400, a sliding shaft 401, a third spring 402, and a linkage structure consisting of a push shaft 403, a push rod 405, a push bar 410, and a second contact roller 409 within the reverse drilling rig 103, the second reverse thrust component is capable of performing phased actions as the drilling position of the reverse drilling rig 103 changes. Before the reverse drilling rig 103 enters the enlarged borehole section, the sliding shaft 401 maintains its initial position, the multiple push rods 405 are outside the movement range of the second connecting rod 406, and the second contact roller 409 remains retracted, thus placing the second reverse thrust component in a standby state. As the reverse drilling rig 103 continues drilling and enters the enlarged borehole section, the sliding shaft 401 moves upward, driving the push shaft 403 and push rods 405 upward as a whole, causing the push rods 405 to enter the movement range of the second connecting rod 406, thereby completing the pre-positioning of the second reverse thrust component. At this point, the second thrust component only enters the operational state when there is sufficient space for diameter expansion, ensuring that the extension timing of the second contact roller 409 corresponds to the formation position of the diameter expansion section and the feed position of the reverse drill rig 103. Thus, after the second contact roller 409 extends outward, it can directly press against the wall of the formed diameter expansion section, quickly establishing an effective radial support point. This allows the displacement transmitted from the second connecting rod 406 to the push rod 405, push shaft 403, and push bar 410 to be more fully converted into the outward displacement of the second contact roller 409, reducing the idle stroke, ineffective friction, and instantaneous impact caused by premature outward extension. Consequently, the second thrust component can enter a stable force-bearing state more quickly after triggering, improving the timeliness of the limit setting, radial support stability, and centering control accuracy of the reverse drill rig 103 during the diameter expansion stage.

[0074] When the first reverse thrust component moves again, the displacement of the first connecting rod 302 continues downward through the second connecting rod 406 and directly contacts the already positioned push rod 405. This causes the push shaft 403 to overcome the elastic force of the fourth spring 404 and move outward. The push shaft 403 then drives the push bar 410 and the second contact roller 409 to move outward, causing the second contact roller 409 to press against the hole wall of the enlarged diameter section. Because the second contact roller 409 is positioned closer to the reverse drill rig 103, the support point formed during the enlargement stage is closer to the actual cutting area. This allows for more direct radial limiting of the reverse drill rig 103, reducing the attenuation of the reverse thrust action during transmission from the connecting shaft 104 to the reverse drill rig 103, and improving the support stability and centering effect of the reverse drill rig 103 within the enlarged diameter section. Simultaneously, the second reverse thrust component directly receives the action of the first reverse thrust component through the second connecting rod 406 to achieve linkage triggering, ensuring that the two stages of reverse thrust maintain consistent action rhythm and improving the timeliness and overall coordination of the second reverse thrust component.

[0075] Based on the above embodiment, the push rod 405 is slidably connected to the top of the push shaft 403, and a fifth spring 407 is connected between the push rod 405 and the push shaft 403. The fifth spring 407 is used to apply an upward restoring force to the push rod 405, so that the push rod 405 remains in an extended state when not subjected to external force. The top of the push rod 405 has a ramp portion 408, which forms a guide contact surface toward the movement path of the second connecting rod 406. By setting the push rod 405 as a floating structure that can slide up and down relative to the push shaft 403, and providing the ramp portion 408 at the top of the push rod 405, the push rod 405 can not only be directly pressed when in contact with the second connecting rod 406, but also generate a displacement when not fully aligned, thereby improving the docking adaptability between the second connecting rod 406 and the push rod 405.

[0076] Specifically, after the reverse drilling rig 103 enters the enlarged borehole section, the sliding shaft 401 drives the push shaft 403 and the push rod 405 to move upward as a whole, so that the push rod 405 enters the movement range of the second connecting rod 406. Since the specific timing of the reverse drilling rig 103 entering the enlarged borehole section is not always completely consistent with the action rhythm of the first reverse thrust component, when the first reverse thrust component has just completed one action, the second connecting rod 406 may not yet have formed a positive contact engagement with the push rod 405. At this time, during the return process of the second connecting rod 406, the second connecting rod 406 first contacts the slope portion 408 at the top of the push rod 405, and applies a downward component force to the push rod 405 along the slope portion 408, causing the push rod 405 to slide downward relative to the push shaft 403, and the fifth spring 407 is compressed, thereby causing the push rod 405 to temporarily give way. As the second connecting rod 406 continues to return to its original position and passes over the ramp 408, the push rod 405 is reset upwards under the elastic force of the fifth spring 407, thus returning to the mating position adapted to the second connecting rod 406. In this way, during the next action of the first reverse thrust component, the second connecting rod 406 can more stably contact the push rod 405 and transmit displacement to the push shaft 403.

[0077] By adopting the above structure, the push rod 405 and the second connecting rod 406 no longer need to achieve complete synchronous alignment the instant the reverse drilling platform 103 enters the enlarged bore section. Instead, they are allowed to make clearance compensation through the ramp 408 and the fifth spring 407 during the initial misalignment contact, and then automatically return to the dockable state. In this way, the contact action during the return process of the second connecting rod 406 can be transformed into the pre-adjustment process of the push rod 405, so that the second thrust component can complete effective docking more quickly after entering the operable working condition. This reduces the bumping, jamming, and idle stroke phenomena caused by timing deviations, improves the meshing tolerance, linkage triggering stability, and timeliness of the subsequent extension of the second contact roller 409 between the second connecting rod 406 and the push rod 405, thereby enabling the reverse drilling platform 103 to obtain more continuous and reliable near-end thrust support during the enlargement stage.

[0078] Based on the above embodiment, a top contact plate 500 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the reverse drilling platform 103. The top contact plate 500 can slide relative to the body of the reverse drilling platform 103 radially. The position of the top contact plate 500 is lower than that of the second contact roller 409, and a connecting strip 501 is connected to one end of the top contact plate 500. The connecting strip 501 extends from the top contact plate 500 into the reverse drilling platform 103, and extends towards the fixed shaft 400 before being rotatably connected to the second connecting rod 502. The top of the second connecting rod 502 is rotatably connected to the sliding shaft 401. With the above structure, the radial displacement generated by the top contact plate 500 under the action of the hole wall can be transmitted to the sliding shaft 401 through the connecting strip 501 and the second connecting rod 502, thereby making the top contact plate 500 a mechanical sensing component for responding to changes in hole diameter and triggering the position switching of the sliding shaft 401. Furthermore, the top contact platform 500 protrudes beyond the maximum diameter of the reverse drilling platform 103, so that the top contact platform 500 contacts the borehole wall earlier than the body of the reverse drilling platform 103 during the drilling process. This allows the constraint state of the borehole wall on the top contact platform 500 to preferentially reflect the changes in the local borehole diameter.

[0079] Specifically, before the reverse drilling platform 103 enters the enlarged borehole section, the top contact platform 500 is in a retracted state, the sliding shaft 401 remains in a low position, the push shaft 403 and the push rod 405 are still outside the movement range of the second connecting rod 406, the second reverse thrust component remains in a standby state, and the second contact roller 409 does not participate in reverse thrust. As the reverse drilling platform 103 continues to drill and enters the enlarged borehole section, the pressure of the borehole wall on the top contact platform 500 will cause the top contact platform 500 to displace radially along the reverse drilling platform 103. The displacement of the top contact platform 500 is transmitted to the second connecting rod 502 via the connecting bar 501, and the second connecting rod 502 drives the sliding shaft 401 to move upward along the fixed shaft 400. Since the sliding shaft 401 is connected to the push shaft 403, the upward movement of the sliding shaft 401 can drive the push shaft 403 and the push rod 405 to move upward as a whole, so that the push rod 405 enters the movement range of the second connecting rod 406, thereby completing the preparatory positioning of the second reverse thrust component.

[0080] After the above preparations are completed, when the first reverse thrust component operates again, the first connecting rod 302 drives the second connecting rod 406 to move. The second connecting rod 406 then contacts the already moved-up push rod 405 and transmits the displacement to the push rod 405 and the push shaft 403. Under force, the push shaft 403 overcomes the elastic force of the fourth spring 404 and moves outward, causing the push bar 410, which is slidably connected to it, to extend outward along with the push bar 410 towards the outside of the reverse drilling platform 103 and press against the borehole wall of the enlarged diameter section, thus forming a radial reverse thrust support closer to the reverse drilling platform 103. After this operation is completed, the push shaft 403 returns to its original position under the action of the fourth spring 404, and the push bar 410 and the second contact roller 409 retract accordingly, entering the next ready-to-trigger state.

[0081] By setting the top contact plate 500 as a trigger element that generates displacement with the contact state with the borehole wall, and converting the radial displacement of the top contact plate 500 into the axial displacement of the sliding shaft 401 via the connecting bar 501 and the second connecting rod 502, the activation timing of the second thrust component can directly correspond to the actual working condition of the reverse drilling platform 103 entering the enlarged borehole section. In this way, the sliding shaft 401 is actively triggered upward by the top contact plate 500 under the action of the borehole wall, making the push rod 405 enter the movement range of the second connecting rod 406 more accurately and timely. Furthermore, the second contact roller 409 only enters the operable state after the top contact plate 500 triggers the sliding shaft 401 to move upward, enabling the second thrust component to establish a proximal support closer to the reverse drilling platform 103 when there is enlargement space, reducing the attenuation of the thrust force of the first thrust component when it is transmitted over a long distance along the connecting shaft 104, thereby improving the limiting stability, centering effect, and trajectory control accuracy of the reverse drilling platform 103 during the enlargement stage.

[0082] In this embodiment, a mounting plate 106 is connected to the top of the reverse drilling rig 103. The mounting plate 106 is located on the upper working side of the reverse drilling rig 103 and serves as the mounting part for the drill bit 105. The mounting plate 106 can be fixedly connected to the reverse drilling rig 103, so that the mounting plate 106 rotates synchronously with the reverse drilling rig 103. Preferably, the mounting plate 106 can be installed on the top of the reverse drilling rig 103 by means of bolt connection, embedded connection, or welding connection, so as to ensure the connection strength while taking into account the convenience of subsequent assembly and maintenance.

[0083] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-correcting reverse drilling rig for borehole deviation, characterized in that, include: Drilling rig platform, wherein the drilling rig platform is equipped with a drive unit; The drill rod is mounted on the drilling platform. The drill rod has multiple sections, and the uppermost drill rod is connected to the drive unit, which provides driving force to the drill rod. A reverse drilling platform is located at the bottom of the drilling platform. A connecting shaft is connected to the top of the reverse drilling platform. The connecting shaft is connected to the lowest drill rod. The reverse drilling platform is equipped with multiple drill bits. A fluid inlet component located between the drilling platform and the drill rod is used to supply fluid to the drill rod, the connecting shaft, and the reverse drilling platform; A first thrust component mounted on the connecting shaft is used to apply radial thrust to the orifice wall when the liquid pressure delivered by the liquid inlet component reaches a predetermined pressure value; The second thrust component, located on the reverse drilling platform, is used to work in conjunction with the first thrust component after the reverse drilling platform forms an enlarged diameter hole section and the second thrust component enters the enlarged diameter hole section, so as to keep the reverse drilling platform centered.

2. The self-correcting reverse drilling rig for borehole deviation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling platform is equipped with a connecting platform, and the uppermost section of the drill rod is connected to the connecting platform. The output shaft of the drive unit is connected to the connecting platform for transmission.

3. The self-correcting reverse drilling rig for borehole deviation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fluid inlet component includes a sleeve fixed inside the drilling platform, a connecting platform rotatably connected to the inside of the sleeve, a fluid inlet cavity formed between the connecting platform and the sleeve, a fluid inlet pipe connected to the sleeve and communicating with the fluid inlet cavity, the fluid inlet pipe extending upward to the top of the drilling platform, and multiple fluid inlet channels provided on the outer wall of the connecting platform, the fluid inlet channels communicating with the drill rod.

4. The self-correcting reverse drilling rig for borehole deviation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid inlet component also includes a piston ring slidably connected to the liquid inlet chamber, a first spring connecting the piston ring and the sleeve, a push rod connected to the piston ring, and a wedge plate connected to the connecting platform.

5. The self-correcting reverse drilling rig for borehole deviation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse drilling platform has multiple flow channels inside, and liquid outlet pipes are connected to the flow channels. The liquid outlet pipes extend upward to the top of the reverse drilling platform and are connected to nozzles.

6. The self-correcting reverse drilling rig for borehole deviation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first thrust component includes a receiving opening on the outer wall of the connecting shaft, a first contact roller is provided in the receiving opening, a first connecting rod is slidably connected in the receiving opening, and the first contact roller is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod; A lower pressure platform is slidably connected inside the connecting shaft, and a first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lower pressure platform. The bottom of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod. A connecting bracket is fixed inside the connecting shaft. A second spring is connected between the connecting bracket and the lower pressure platform. A funnel opening is opened at the top of the lower pressure platform, which passes through the lower pressure platform. A sealing rod is connected to the connecting bracket, and the sealing rod is adapted to the bottom of the funnel opening.

7. A self-correcting reverse drilling rig for borehole deviation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The reverse drilling platform is internally connected to a fixed shaft, a sliding shaft is slidably connected to the fixed shaft, a third spring is connected between the sliding shaft and the fixed shaft, multiple push shafts are slidably connected to the sliding shaft, a fourth spring is connected between the push shaft and the sliding shaft, the push shaft extends upward and is connected to a top rod, and a second connecting rod is connected to the bottom of the first connecting rod; The outer wall of the reverse drilling platform is provided with a second contact roller, and a pusher extending to the second contact roller is slidably connected inside the reverse drilling platform. The second contact roller is rotatably connected to the pusher, and the pusher is slidably connected to the push shaft.

8. A self-correcting reverse drilling rig for borehole deviation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The push rod is slidably connected to the top of the push shaft, and a fifth spring is connected between the push rod and the push shaft. The top of the push rod has a ramp.

9. A self-correcting reverse drilling rig for borehole deviation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer wall of the reverse drilling platform is slidably connected to a top contact platform, the position of which is lower than the second contact roller. One end of the top contact platform is connected to a connecting strip, which extends toward the fixed shaft and is rotatably connected to a second connecting rod. The top of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the sliding shaft. The top contact platform protrudes beyond the maximum diameter of the reverse drilling platform.

10. A self-correcting reverse drilling rig for borehole deviation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the reverse drilling platform is connected to a mounting plate, and the drill bit is mounted on the mounting plate.

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