Gradient pressure-bearing damping-adjustable shock pad and shock absorption method
By designing a gradient bearing structure and a damping adjustment core, the problems of narrow load adaptability, unstable damping, and poor environmental adaptability of existing vibration damping pads are solved, achieving wide-frequency vibration reduction and resonance suppression, and improving the vibration isolation effect and long-term reliability of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing vibration damping pads have a narrow load adaptability range, unstable damping, are prone to aging, and have poor environmental adaptability, resulting in poor vibration isolation effect and frequent maintenance.
The neoprene rubber body adopts a gradient pressure bearing structure, with a damping chamber and a damping adjustment core inside. Through low viscosity silicone oil and spiral guide channels, it forms a guiding and throttling effect, realizing the adaptive adjustment of damping force with load changes.
It improves the adaptability of the shock-absorbing pads over a wide load range, the stability of damping attenuation and environmental adaptability, and reduces maintenance frequency and noise issues.
Smart Images
Figure CN121977044A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration reduction and isolation technology, and more specifically, to a gradient pressure damping adjustable vibration damping pad and vibration reduction method. Background Technology
[0002] Gradient-pressure adjustable damping vibration damping pads are widely used in vibration isolation scenarios for HVAC units, pump and valve equipment, compressors and refrigeration units, pipe rack supports, and various electromechanical equipment foundations to reduce the transmission of equipment vibration and impact to the structure. In existing engineering projects, commonly used damping pads are mostly homogeneous rubber pads or simple composite pads, whose damping mainly relies on material internal friction, and whose parameters are usually fixed.
[0003] In practical use, existing vibration damping pads generally have the following problems: First, the load adaptability range of a single stiffness structure is narrow, resulting in insufficient vibration isolation under light loads and easy over-compression and permanent deformation under heavy loads; Second, the damping fluctuates significantly with temperature, frequency and compression, and the attenuation near the resonance point is unstable, which can easily cause amplitude amplification and noise problems; Third, they are prone to aging and creep accumulation in the long term in oil, moisture, chemical media or alternating hot and cold environments, leading to performance degradation and high maintenance frequency.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a gradient pressure-damping adjustable damping pad structure that can adapt to a wide load range and provide a settable damping energy dissipation path to improve broadband vibration reduction and resonance suppression capabilities, while also enhancing environmental adaptability and long-term reliability. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention proposes a gradient-pressure-bearing adjustable damping pad and a damping method. The damping pad includes a one-piece molded neoprene rubber body, which contains a damping chamber and a damping adjustment core. The neoprene rubber body, along its thickness direction, consists of an upper buffer layer, a middle transition layer, and a lower support layer, forming a gradient pressure-bearing structure. The damping chamber is an axially extending cylindrical structure with anti-slip texture on its inner wall and filled with low-viscosity silicone oil. The damping adjustment core is assembled in the damping chamber and includes a pressure-bearing tray, an elastic rod, and a damping slider located in the silicone oil. A spiral guide groove is formed on the outer periphery of the slider. Under load, the damping adjustment core displaces axially, the slider squeezes the silicone oil, and the guide groove forms a guiding and throttling effect, generating a viscous damping force that increases with the downward depth. The damping characteristics can be preset by adjusting the kinematic viscosity of the silicone oil, the geometric parameters of the guide groove, and the initial annular gap to adapt to different loads and vibration conditions, achieving adaptive damping adjustment.
[0006] Firstly, a gradient-pressure-damped adjustable vibration damping pad is proposed, comprising:
[0007] The chloroprene rubber body consists of an upper buffer layer, a middle transition layer, and a lower support layer along its thickness direction, and the three layers are vulcanized as a single unit.
[0008] The damping chamber is formed inside the neoprene rubber body. The damping chamber is a cylindrical chamber that extends along the axial direction. The inner wall of the damping chamber is provided with an anti-slip texture structure. The damping chamber is filled with low viscosity silicone oil.
[0009] The damping adjustment core is assembled in the damping chamber. The damping adjustment core includes a pressure plate, an elastic rod connected to the pressure plate, and a damping slider connected to the elastic rod and located in low viscosity silicone oil.
[0010] The outer circumferential surface of the damping slider is provided with a spiral guide groove, and the damping adjustment core is displaced along the axial direction of the damping chamber under pressure, so that the damping slider squeezes the low viscosity silicone oil and forms a viscous resistance through the spiral guide groove to form a guiding and throttling effect, thereby generating damping resistance, and the damping resistance increases with the downward depth of the damping slider.
[0011] Specifically, the damping adjustment can be achieved by selecting silicone oils with different kinematic viscosities, selecting spiral guide channel parameters with different channel widths and / or channel depths and / or pitches, and / or setting different initial annular gaps, so as to realize the preset adjustment of damping characteristics.
[0012] In one embodiment, the upper buffer layer is provided with a first wear-resistant protective layer, a first stress dispersion layer, a first functional layer and a first stable support layer stacked sequentially along the thickness direction; wherein the first wear-resistant protective layer is a neoprene rubber layer, the first stress dispersion layer is a reinforcing fiber layer, the first functional layer is a glass fiber layer, and the first stable support layer is a neoprene rubber layer, which is used to achieve a combination of wear-resistant protection, stress diffusion, transition adaptation and auxiliary stress dispersion and stable support.
[0013] In one embodiment, the middle transition layer is provided with a second wear-resistant protective layer, a second stress-dispersing layer, a second functional layer and a second stabilizing support layer stacked sequentially along the thickness direction; wherein the second wear-resistant protective layer is a neoprene rubber layer, the second stress-dispersing layer is a reinforcing fiber layer, the second functional layer is an elastomer layer and the second stabilizing support layer is a neoprene rubber layer, which are used to absorb micro-vibrations and reduce the transmission of mid-to-high frequency vibrations.
[0014] In one embodiment, the lower support layer is provided with a third wear-resistant protective layer, a third stress-dispersing layer, a third functional layer and a third stabilizing support layer stacked sequentially along the thickness direction; wherein the third wear-resistant protective layer is a chloroprene rubber layer, the third stress-dispersing layer is a reinforcing fiber layer, the third functional layer is a metal fiber layer, and the third stabilizing support layer is a chloroprene rubber layer, which is used to bear the principal stress and suppress excessive compression under heavy load.
[0015] In one embodiment, the total thickness of the chloroprene rubber body is 15mm to 60mm, the thickness of the upper buffer layer accounts for 20% to 35% of the total thickness, the thickness of the middle transition layer accounts for 20% to 35% of the total thickness, and the lower support layer is a margin, so as to form a gradient bearing response along the thickness direction; wherein, the lower support layer is a margin specifically means that the thickness ratio of the lower support layer is equal to 100% minus the thickness ratio of the upper buffer layer minus the thickness ratio of the middle transition layer.
[0016] In one embodiment, the thicknesses of the first wear-resistant protective layer, the first stress-dispersing layer, and the first functional layer account for 8% to 18%, 5% to 12%, and 15% to 35% of the thickness of the upper buffer layer, respectively, with the first stabilizing support layer being a margin to ensure the thickness of the four upper layers is closed and to facilitate manufacturing; wherein, the margin for the first stabilizing support layer is specifically defined as the thickness ratio of the first stabilizing support layer being equal to 100% minus the sum of the thickness ratios of the first wear-resistant protective layer, the first stress-dispersing layer, and the first functional layer.
[0017] In one embodiment, the thicknesses of the second wear-resistant protective layer, the second stress-dispersing layer, and the second functional layer account for 8% to 18%, 5% to 12%, and 18% to 40% of the thickness of the intermediate transition layer, respectively, with the second stabilizing support layer as a margin, to ensure the closure of the thicknesses of the four layers in the intermediate layer and improve process consistency; wherein, the margin for the second stabilizing support layer is specifically defined as the thickness ratio of the second stabilizing support layer being equal to 100% minus the sum of the thickness ratios of the second wear-resistant protective layer, the second stress-dispersing layer, and the second functional layer.
[0018] In one embodiment, the thicknesses of the third wear-resistant protective layer, the third stress-dispersing layer, and the third functional layer account for 10% to 22%, 5% to 12%, and 20% to 45% of the thickness of the lower support layer, respectively, with the third stabilizing support layer being a margin, to ensure the closure of the thicknesses of the four lower layers and improve the stability of the heavy-duty support; specifically, the margin for the third stabilizing support layer is equal to 100% minus the sum of the thicknesses of the third wear-resistant protective layer, the third stress-dispersing layer, and the third functional layer.
[0019] In one embodiment, the diameter of the damping chamber is 25 mm to 40 mm, and the depth of the damping chamber is one-half to three-quarters of the thickness of the neoprene body, so as to provide effective damping stroke without compromising the load-bearing continuity of the body.
[0020] In one embodiment, the anti-slip texture structure is a thread-like texture structure or a striped texture structure, with a texture height of 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm and a texture spacing of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, used to improve the guiding stability of the damping adjustment core during the pressure displacement process and suppress circumferential slippage.
[0021] In one embodiment, the low-viscosity silicone oil is a silicone oil with a kinematic viscosity of 50 cSt to 500 cSt at 25 degrees Celsius, preferably 100 cSt to 300 cSt, used to form stable viscous energy dissipation and maintain response speed during the flow conduction and throttling process.
[0022] In one embodiment, the low-viscosity silicone oil is filled to 60% to 95% of the effective volume of the damping chamber, preferably 75% to 90%, and venting or degassing is performed after oil injection to reduce the impact of air bubbles on damping consistency.
[0023] In one embodiment, the spiral guide groove has a groove width of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, a groove depth of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, and a pitch of 2 mm to 12 mm, so as to form a continuous guide channel and generate throttling resistance during the downward movement of the damping slider.
[0024] In one embodiment, an initial annular gap is formed between the outer diameter of the damping slider and the inner diameter of the damping cavity. The initial annular gap is 0.05 mm to 0.80 mm, which, together with the spiral guide groove, limits the throttling capacity and improves the damping repeatability. The initial annular gap refers to the radial gap between the outer circumferential surface of the damping slider and the inner wall of the damping cavity when the damping adjustment core is in the unpressurized initial position.
[0025] In some embodiments, in order to achieve an increase in damping resistance as the downward depth increases, the damping slider is configured with a gradually changing outer diameter structure, which is a tapered outer diameter or a segmented stepped outer diameter, so that the annular gap becomes smaller as the damping slider moves deeper, thereby increasing the throttling resistance.
[0026] In other embodiments, in order to achieve an increase in damping resistance with increasing downward depth, the damping chamber has a gradually changing inner diameter structure along the axial direction. The gradually changing inner diameter structure is a tapered inner diameter or a segmented narrowing structure, which allows the damping slider to move down into a smaller inner diameter region and form a smaller annular gap, thereby increasing the throttling resistance.
[0027] In some other embodiments, in order to achieve an increase in damping resistance with increasing downward depth, the spiral guide channel is configured as a segmented guide channel, which includes segmented channel depth and / or segmented pitch, so that the damping slider moves down into different throttling sections and forms an increasing flow resistance; wherein, the above-mentioned gradual outer diameter structure, gradual inner diameter structure and segmented guide channel can be used individually or in combination.
[0028] In one embodiment, spring adjusting members are respectively provided between the upper buffer layer and the middle transition layer, between the upper buffer layer and the lower support layer, and between the middle transition layer and the lower support layer. The spring adjusting members are compressible / deformable elastic elements, and the spring adjusting members at different positions have different arrangement densities and / or compression deformation rates to form a multi-level load-bearing response.
[0029] In one embodiment, a sealing plug or cap is provided at the open end of the damping chamber, the sealing plug forming an interference fit with the opening, and a sealing layer and / or sealing ring are provided at the mating interface to suppress silicone oil leakage and improve long-term reliability.
[0030] Secondly, a vibration reduction method is proposed for the aforementioned gradient bearing damping adjustable vibration reduction pad, the method comprising:
[0031] Support the target equipment on the shock-absorbing pad;
[0032] Under load, the damping adjustment core is displaced axially along the damping chamber, causing the damping slider to squeeze the silicone oil and form a guiding and throttling effect through the spiral guide groove to generate damping resistance; and the damping resistance increases with the depth of the damping slider's downward movement to achieve adaptive damping adjustment with load changes.
[0033] Compared with the prior art, the gradient bearing damping adjustable shock absorber proposed in this application has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0034] 1. Enhanced load adaptability. The gradient bearing structure consisting of an upper buffer layer, a middle transition layer, and a lower support layer allows for a more reasonable distribution of deformation of the damping pad under different loads. This helps reduce the risk of local stress concentration and local overload, and improves adaptability under light and heavy load conditions.
[0035] 2. The damping attenuation path is clear and the response is more stable. By setting an oil-filled damping chamber inside the neoprene rubber body and using a damping slider with a spiral guide groove to guide and throttle the silicone oil during the pressure displacement process, a fluid viscous energy dissipation path is introduced. Compared with the solution that mainly relies on the internal friction of the material, it helps to improve the stability and repeatability of vibration attenuation.
[0036] 3. It possesses adaptive characteristics with increasing damping. Through the coupled design of the downward movement depth and throttling conditions, the damping resistance increases with the downward movement depth of the damping slider. This provides a higher damping level when the load increases or the impact intensifies, which helps to suppress resonance amplification and improve the impact response.
[0037] 4. Damping characteristics can be preset and adjusted for better adaptability. Damping characteristics can be set by selecting silicone oil with different kinematic viscosities, setting different guide channel parameters (channel width, channel depth, pitch), and different initial annular gaps, thus facilitating matching and adjustment for different target equipment load ranges and vibration spectra.
[0038] 5. Improved structural durability and environmental adaptability. Using neoprene rubber as the main material, combined with a multi-layered stress dispersion / load-bearing reinforcement structure, helps reduce fatigue damage accumulation and improve long-term deformation retention under cyclic loading conditions. Simultaneously, neoprene rubber possesses certain weather resistance, oil resistance, and chemical resistance, making the shock-absorbing pad more reliable in complex environments.
[0039] 6. Enhanced sealing and manufacturing feasibility. By limiting the silicone oil filling rate, venting / degassing, and cavity sealing structure, the impact of bubbles and leakage on damping consistency is reduced, improving product consistency and reducing subsequent maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description
[0040] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a gradient pressure-damping adjustable shock-absorbing pad according to this application.
[0041] Figure 2 This is a top view of a gradient pressure-damping adjustable shock-absorbing pad according to this application.
[0042] Figure 3 This is a side view of a gradient pressure-damping adjustable shock-absorbing pad according to this application.
[0043] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a vibration reduction method for a gradient pressure-damping adjustable vibration damping pad according to this application.
[0044] Explanation of main component symbols
[0045] 10 chloroprene rubber body;
[0046] Upper buffer layer 11; First wear-resistant protective layer 111; First stress dispersion layer 112; First functional layer 113; First stable support layer 114;
[0047] Intermediate transition layer 12; Second wear-resistant protective layer 121; Second stress dispersion layer 122; Second functional layer 123; Second stabilizing support layer 124;
[0048] Lower support layer 13; Third wear-resistant protective layer 131; Third stress dispersion layer 132; Third functional layer 133; Third stabilizing support layer 134;
[0049] Damping chamber 20;
[0050] Damping adjustment core 30; pressure bearing tray 32; damping slider 33; spiral guide channel 34;
[0051] Spring adjusting component 40; first spring adjusting component 41; second spring adjusting component 42; third spring adjusting component 43.
[0052] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0053] The following embodiments are described to aid in understanding this application. These embodiments are not, and should not be, construed in any way as limiting the scope of protection of this application.
[0054] In the following description, those skilled in the art will recognize that throughout this discussion, components may be described as individual functional units (which may include subunits), but those skilled in the art will recognize that various components or portions thereof may be divided into individual components or may be integrated together (including integrated within a single system or component).
[0055] Furthermore, the connection between components or systems is not intended to be limited to a direct connection; on the contrary, data between these components may be modified, reformatted, or otherwise altered by intermediate components. Additionally, other or fewer connections may be used. It should also be noted that the terms "connection," "link," or "input" should be understood to include direct connections, indirect connections via one or more intermediate devices, and wireless connections. Example 1:
[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, a gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorber includes a neoprene rubber body 10, a damping chamber 20, and a damping adjustment core 30.
[0057] The neoprene rubber body 10 comprises, along its thickness direction, an upper buffer layer 11, a middle transition layer 12, and a lower support layer 13, all three layers being integrally vulcanized. Through the difference in the thickness configuration of these three layers, the damping pad exhibits good buffering adaptability under light load conditions and maintains support stability under heavy load conditions, thereby forming a gradient pressure response along the thickness direction.
[0058] A damping chamber 20 is formed inside the neoprene rubber body 10. The damping chamber 20 is a cylindrical chamber extending along the axial direction. The inner wall of the damping chamber 20 is provided with an anti-slip textured structure. The damping chamber 20 is filled with low-viscosity silicone oil. By setting an oil-filled chamber inside the neoprene rubber body 10, a fluid viscous energy dissipation path is further introduced into the shock-absorbing pad in addition to the material's elastic energy dissipation, thereby improving the damping capacity and enhancing the vibration attenuation effect.
[0059] The damping adjustment core 30 is assembled within the damping chamber 20. The damping adjustment core 30 includes a pressure-bearing tray 32, an elastic rod connected to the pressure-bearing tray 32, and a damping slider 33 connected to the elastic rod and located in low-viscosity silicone oil. The pressure-bearing tray 32 is used to receive external loads and transmit them to the elastic rod and the damping slider 33; the damping slider 33, under pressure, generates axial displacement along the damping chamber 20 and squeezes the silicone oil to form fluid damping.
[0060] In some embodiments, the outer circumferential surface of the damping slider 33 is provided with a spiral guide groove 34. Under pressure, the damping adjustment core 30 is displaced axially along the damping chamber 20, causing the damping slider 33 to squeeze the low-viscosity silicone oil and form a viscous resistance through the spiral guide groove 34, thereby generating damping resistance. Furthermore, through structural and parameter configuration, the damping resistance increases with the downward depth of the damping slider 33, so as to achieve an adaptive response in which the damping capacity is synchronously enhanced when the load increases.
[0061] Furthermore, the damping can be adjusted by selecting silicone oils with different kinematic viscosities, selecting spiral guide channel parameters with different channel widths and / or channel depths and / or pitches, and / or setting different initial annular gaps, so as to achieve preset adjustment of damping characteristics, thereby facilitating matching with different equipment and operating conditions.
[0062] In one embodiment, the upper buffer layer 11 is provided with a first abrasion-resistant protective layer 111, a first stress-dispersing layer 112, a first functional layer 113, and a first stabilizing support layer 114 stacked sequentially along the thickness direction. The first abrasion-resistant protective layer 111 is a neoprene rubber layer, used to improve surface abrasion resistance and tear resistance; the first stress-dispersing layer 112 is a reinforcing fiber layer, used to diffuse concentrated loads and suppress local indentation; the first functional layer 113 is a glass fiber layer, used for transition adaptation and to assist in stress dispersion; and the first stabilizing support layer 114 is a neoprene rubber layer, used to provide stable support for the upper structure and ensure the continuity of interlayer bonding.
[0063] In one embodiment, the intermediate transition layer 12 is provided with a second wear-resistant protective layer 121, a second stress-dispersing layer 122, a second functional layer 123, and a second stabilizing support layer 124 stacked sequentially along the thickness direction. The second wear-resistant protective layer 121 is a neoprene rubber layer; the second stress-dispersing layer 122 is a reinforcing fiber layer; the second functional layer 123 is an elastomer layer used to absorb micro-vibrations and reduce the transmission of mid-to-high frequency vibrations; and the second stabilizing support layer 124 is a neoprene rubber layer used to ensure the stability of the intermediate layer structure and the reliability of interlayer bonding.
[0064] In one embodiment, the lower support layer 13 is provided with a third abrasion-resistant protective layer 131, a third stress-dispersing layer 132, a third functional layer 133, and a third stabilizing support layer 134 stacked sequentially along the thickness direction. The third abrasion-resistant protective layer 131 is a neoprene rubber layer; the third stress-dispersing layer 132 is a reinforcing fiber layer; the third functional layer 133 is a metal fiber layer, used to bear the principal stress and suppress excessive compression under heavy loads; the third stabilizing support layer 134 is a neoprene rubber layer, used to provide bottom stability support and improve overall durability.
[0065] In some embodiments, the three-layer structure is achieved through integral vulcanization molding. Specifically, it can be as follows: layered preforms of the upper buffer layer 11, the middle transition layer 12 and the lower support layer 13 are prepared respectively, stacked and positioned in a predetermined order and then subjected to molding vulcanization, so that each layer forms a strong bonding interface during the vulcanization process, thereby reducing the risk of interlayer peeling and improving long-term reliability.
[0066] In one embodiment, the total thickness of the neoprene rubber body 10 is 15 mm to 60 mm. The thickness of the upper buffer layer 11 accounts for 20% to 35% of the total thickness; the thickness of the middle transition layer 12 accounts for 20% to 35% of the total thickness; and the lower support layer 13 is the allowance. Specifically, the allowance for the lower support layer 13 is calculated as follows: the thickness ratio of the lower support layer 13 equals 100% minus the thickness ratio of the upper buffer layer 11 minus the thickness ratio of the middle transition layer 12. By limiting these ratios, a three-layer thickness closure is achieved, facilitating manufacturing and inspection.
[0067] In one embodiment, within the upper buffer layer 11, the thicknesses of the first wear-resistant protective layer 111, the first stress-dispersing layer 112, and the first functional layer 113 account for 8% to 18%, 5% to 12%, and 15% to 35% of the total thickness of the upper buffer layer 11, respectively, with the first stabilizing support layer 114 serving as a margin. Specifically, the margin for the first stabilizing support layer 114 is calculated as follows: the thickness ratio of the first stabilizing support layer 114 equals 100% minus the sum of the thickness ratios of the first wear-resistant protective layer 111, the first stress-dispersing layer 112, and the first functional layer 113. This arrangement ensures the four layers of the upper layer are closed and facilitates manufacturing.
[0068] In one embodiment, within the intermediate transition layer 12, the thicknesses of the second wear-resistant protective layer 121, the second stress-dispersing layer 122, and the second functional layer 123 account for 8% to 18%, 5% to 12%, and 18% to 40% of the total thickness of the intermediate transition layer 12, respectively, with the second stabilizing support layer 124 serving as a margin. Specifically, the margin for the second stabilizing support layer 124 is calculated as follows: the thickness ratio of the second stabilizing support layer 124 equals 100% minus the sum of the thickness ratios of the second wear-resistant protective layer 121, the second stress-dispersing layer 122, and the second functional layer 123. This configuration ensures the closure of the four layers in the intermediate layer and improves process consistency.
[0069] In one embodiment, within the lower support layer 13, the thicknesses of the third wear-resistant protective layer 131, the third stress-dispersing layer 132, and the third functional layer 133 account for 10% to 22%, 5% to 12%, and 20% to 45% of the total thickness of the lower support layer 13, respectively, with the third stabilizing support layer 134 serving as a margin. Specifically, the margin for the third stabilizing support layer 134 is calculated as follows: the thickness ratio of the third stabilizing support layer 134 equals 100% minus the sum of the thickness ratios of the third wear-resistant protective layer 131, the third stress-dispersing layer 132, and the third functional layer 133. This arrangement ensures the closure of the four layers in the lower layer and improves the stability of the heavy-duty support.
[0070] In one embodiment, the diameter of the damping chamber 20 is 25 mm to 40 mm, and the depth of the damping chamber 20 is one-half to three-quarters of the thickness of the neoprene body 10, so as to provide effective damping stroke without compromising the load-bearing continuity of the body.
[0071] In one embodiment, the anti-slip texture structure is a thread-like texture structure or a striped texture structure, with a texture height of 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm and a texture spacing of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, which is used to improve the guiding stability of the damping adjustment core 30 during the pressure displacement process and suppress circumferential slippage, thereby reducing damping fluctuations caused by sway.
[0072] In one embodiment, the low-viscosity silicone oil is a silicone oil with a kinematic viscosity of 50 cSt to 500 cSt at 25 degrees Celsius, preferably 100 cSt to 300 cSt, used to form stable viscous energy dissipation and maintain response speed during the flow conduction and throttling process.
[0073] In one embodiment, the low-viscosity silicone oil is filled to 60% to 95% of the effective volume of the damping chamber 20, preferably 75% to 90%, and after oil injection, venting or degassing is performed to reduce the impact of air bubbles on damping consistency and improve the stability and repeatability of the damping response.
[0074] In one embodiment, the spiral guide groove 34 has a groove width of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, a groove depth of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, and a pitch of 2 mm to 12 mm, so as to form a continuous guide channel and generate throttling resistance during the downward movement of the damping slider 33.
[0075] In one embodiment, an initial annular gap is formed between the outer diameter of the damping slider 33 and the inner diameter of the damping chamber 20. The initial annular gap is 0.05 mm to 0.80 mm, which, together with the spiral guide groove 34, limits the throttling capacity and improves the damping repeatability. The initial annular gap refers to the radial gap between the outer peripheral surface of the damping slider 33 and the inner wall of the damping chamber 20 when the damping adjustment core 30 is in the unpressurized initial position.
[0076] In some embodiments, in order to achieve an increase in damping resistance as the damping slider 33 moves down deeper, the damping slider 33 is configured with a gradually changing outer diameter structure, which is a tapered outer diameter or a segmented stepped outer diameter, so that the annular gap becomes smaller as the damping slider 33 moves down deeper, thereby increasing the throttling resistance.
[0077] In other embodiments, in order to achieve an increase in damping resistance as the damping slider 33 moves down deeper, the damping chamber 20 has a gradually changing inner diameter structure along the axial direction. The gradually changing inner diameter structure is a tapered inner diameter or a segmented diameter reduction structure, so that the damping slider 33 moves down into a smaller inner diameter region and forms a smaller annular gap, thereby increasing the throttling resistance.
[0078] In some embodiments, to achieve an increase in damping resistance as the damping slider 33 descends deeper, the spiral guide channel 34 is configured as a segmented guide channel, comprising segmented channel depths and / or segmented pitches, allowing the damping slider 33 to descend into different throttling sections and form progressively increasing flow resistance. The aforementioned gradually changing outer diameter structure, gradually changing inner diameter structure, and segmented guide channel can be used individually or in combination to achieve different matching requirements for the increasing damping characteristics.
[0079] In some embodiments, a spring adjustment element 40 is further provided at the interlayer interface along the thickness direction of the neoprene body 10. The spring adjustment element 40 is a compressible / deformable elastic element used to provide additional adjustable elastic support and rebound compensation at different pressure stages, thereby forming a multi-level load-bearing response in conjunction with the gradient pressure-bearing layered structure.
[0080] Specifically, the spring adjusting member 40 includes at least one or more of the following three groups:
[0081] The first spring adjustment element 41 is disposed between the upper buffer layer 11 and the middle transition layer 12;
[0082] The second spring adjustment element 42 is disposed between the upper buffer layer 11 and the lower support layer 13;
[0083] The third spring adjustment element 43 is disposed between the middle transition layer 12 and the lower support layer 13.
[0084] In one embodiment, the first spring adjustment member 41, the second spring adjustment member 42, and the third spring adjustment member 43 have different structural densities and compression deformation rates, so that they sequentially enter the main bearing state when the load changes from small to large, thereby making the overall damping pad exhibit progressive stiffness and energy dissipation characteristics from soft to hard.
[0085] In one embodiment, the spring adjusting members 40 are evenly distributed or arranged in an array along the circumference, and their density per unit area satisfies:
[0086] The first spring adjusting component 41 consists of 2 to 6 pieces per 1000 mm²;
[0087] The second spring adjusting component 42 is 1 to 4 pieces per 1000mm²;
[0088] The third spring adjustment component 43 consists of 4 to 10 pieces per 1000 mm².
[0089] In one embodiment, taking the free height H0 of the spring adjusting member 40 as a reference, within a preset compressive stress range (preferably 0.2–0.6 MPa), the compressive strain ε of the spring adjusting member 40 satisfies ε = ΔH / H0, where ΔH is the compressive displacement; and:
[0090] The ε of the first spring adjusting member 41 is 25% to 45%;
[0091] The ε of the second spring adjusting component 42 is 10% to 25%;
[0092] The ε of the third spring adjusting component 43 is 18% to 35%;
[0093] This allows the spring adjustment components 40 at different positions to exhibit varying degrees of deformation participation under different load stages, thereby creating graded load-bearing and buffering responses.
[0094] In one embodiment, the free height H0 of the spring adjusting member 40 is 2mm to 12mm, and the outer diameter or equivalent diameter is 3mm to 15mm; and the free heights of the three sets of spring adjusting members satisfy H0(first)≥H0(third)≥H0(second), so that the first spring adjusting member 41 is compressed preferentially during the light load stage, the third spring adjusting member 43 participates in bearing the load during the medium load stage, and the second spring adjusting member 42 enters the main bearing during the heavy load stage.
[0095] In one embodiment, the spring adjusting member 40 is in a pre-compressed state after assembly, and its pre-compression amount δ0 satisfies:
[0096] The first spring adjusting element 41 is 0.2mm to 1.0mm thick;
[0097] The second spring adjusting element 42 is 0.1mm to 0.6mm;
[0098] The third spring adjusting element 43 is 0.2mm to 0.8mm;
[0099] This eliminates assembly gaps and reduces free travel during the micro-vibration phase, thereby improving response consistency.
[0100] In some embodiments, the spring adjusting member 40 is specifically one or more combinations of a metal helical spring and a wave spring.
[0101] In one embodiment, a sealing plug or cap is provided at the open end of the damping chamber 20. The sealing plug forms an interference fit with the opening, and a sealing layer and / or sealing ring are provided at the mating interface to suppress silicone oil leakage and improve long-term reliability.
[0102] In some embodiments, the assembly steps specifically include: after forming the damping chamber 20 and its anti-slip texture structure, injecting silicone oil and venting or degassing, then inserting the damping adjustment core 30 and completing the sealing, and finally performing oil leakage checks and damping consistency checks to ensure that the manufacturing is reproducible and the performance is stable.
[0103] Specific implementation methods for vibration reduction:
[0104] like Figure 4 As shown, a vibration reduction method is used for the aforementioned gradient bearing pressure damping adjustable vibration reduction pad, the method comprising:
[0105] Support the target equipment on the shock-absorbing pad;
[0106] Under load, the damping adjustment core 30 is displaced axially along the damping chamber 20, causing the damping slider 33 to squeeze the silicone oil and form a guiding and throttling effect through the spiral guide groove 34 to generate damping resistance; and the damping resistance increases with the downward depth of the damping slider 33 to achieve adaptive damping adjustment with load changes.
[0107] In some implementations, the damping characteristics can be preset and matched by selecting silicone oils with different kinematic viscosities, different guide groove parameters, and different initial annular gaps, thereby adapting to the load range and vibration frequency characteristics of different target devices.
[0108] Although this application discloses several aspects and embodiments, other aspects and embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed in this application are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit this application. The actual scope of protection of this application is determined by the claims.
Claims
1. A gradient pressure-damping adjustable shock-absorbing pad, characterized in that, It includes a chloroprene rubber body, which consists of an upper buffer layer, a middle transition layer and a lower support layer along the thickness direction, and the three layers are vulcanized as a whole. The damping chamber is formed inside the neoprene rubber body. The damping chamber is a cylindrical chamber that extends along the axial direction. The inner wall of the damping chamber is provided with an anti-slip texture structure. The damping chamber is filled with low viscosity silicone oil. The damping adjustment core is assembled in the damping chamber. The damping adjustment core includes a pressure plate, an elastic rod connected to the pressure plate, and a damping slider connected to the elastic rod and located in low viscosity silicone oil. The damping slider has a spiral guide groove on its outer circumference, and the damping adjustment core is displaced along the axial direction of the damping chamber under pressure. This causes the damping slider to squeeze the low-viscosity silicone oil and form a viscous resistance through the spiral guide groove, which generates a damping resistance. The damping resistance increases with the depth of the damping slider.
2. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper buffer layer is composed of a first wear-resistant protective layer, a first stress dispersion layer, a first functional layer, and a first stable support layer, stacked sequentially along the thickness direction.
3. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock-absorbing pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle transition layer is composed of a second wear-resistant protective layer, a second stress-dispersing layer, a second functional layer, and a second stable support layer, which are stacked sequentially along the thickness direction.
4. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower support layer is composed of a third wear-resistant protective layer, a third stress dispersion layer, a third functional layer, and a third stable support layer, which are stacked sequentially along the thickness direction.
5. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total thickness of the chloroprene rubber body is 15mm to 60mm, the upper buffer layer accounts for 20% to 35% of the total thickness, and the middle transition layer accounts for 20% to 35% of the total thickness.
6. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the damping chamber is 25mm to 40mm, and the depth of the damping chamber is one-half to three-quarters of the thickness of the neoprene body.
7. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, Low viscosity silicone oil is silicone oil with a kinematic viscosity of 50 cSt to 500 cSt at 25 degrees Celsius.
8. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral guide channel has a width of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, a depth of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, and a pitch of 2 mm to 12 mm, in order to form a continuous guide channel and generate throttling resistance during the downward movement of the damping slider.
9. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing plug or cap is provided at the open end of the damping chamber. The sealing plug and the opening form an interference fit, and a sealing layer and / or sealing ring are provided at the mating interface to suppress silicone oil leakage and improve long-term reliability.
10. A vibration reduction method, characterized in that, The method for the gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorber pad according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: Support the target equipment on the shock-absorbing pad; Under load, the damping adjustment core is displaced axially along the damping chamber, causing the damping slider to squeeze the silicone oil and form a guiding and throttling effect through the spiral guide groove, thereby generating damping resistance. The damping resistance increases with the depth of the damping slider as it moves downward, thereby achieving adaptive damping adjustment that varies with load.