Liquid path control device and method for biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation

Abstract

The invention relates to a biochemical analyzer liquid path control device and method with an automatic gas-liquid separation function. The device comprises a power source and a flow divider, the power source is connected with an inlet of the flow divider through a main pipeline so as to pump an external detergent into the flow divider; the flow divider is provided with a plurality of outlets for outwards outputting the detergent after bubble removal, and each outlet is connected with the sample sampling unit, the reagent sampling unit, the stirring cleaning unit and the other cleaning unit through a branch pipeline; the probability of bubble residues in the detergent output from the outlets connected with the sample sampling unit, the reagent sampling unit, the stirring and cleaning unit and the other cleaning unit is gradually increased; and a cleaning valve is arranged on each branch pipeline. The bubble separation device has the beneficial effects that bubble separation is realized on the basis of the principle that gas naturally floats up in liquid; an external degassing film or a negative pressure device is not needed, the complexity and the manufacturing cost of the system are obviously reduced, and the operation reliability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of in vitro diagnostics, and more specifically to a liquid circuit control device and method for a biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of in vitro diagnostics (IVD), biochemical analyzers are one of the core pieces of equipment in clinical laboratories. Based on optical principles, these instruments perform precise quantitative analysis of specific biochemical components in human body fluids such as blood and urine, providing crucial information for disease diagnosis, treatment planning, and prognostic assessment. They can rapidly and reliably reflect changes in the human internal environment and have become an indispensable tool in modern medical diagnosis.

[0003] During the operation of biochemical and immunoassay analyzers, the continuous transfer of samples and reagents to the reaction unit is required. After thorough mixing and reaction by the stirring module, quantitative detection of specific target components is achieved based on photoelectric colorimetry. To ensure continuous and effective system operation, each functional module must be thoroughly cleaned with detergent after use to ensure the reliability of the test results. Accuracy of sample addition is a core factor determining the quantitative analysis performance of the system and directly affects the precision of the test results. It is worth noting that during the detergent supply and transfer process, bubbles of varying sizes are inevitably generated. If these bubbles invade the sampling unit, they can lead to sampling volume deviations or missed samples, resulting in test result deviations or sample addition failures, delaying clinical diagnosis and affecting the accuracy of prognostic assessment. Current mainstream solutions to address the technical bottleneck of bubble interference with sampling accuracy can be divided into two categories: one is to integrate a high-cost degassing module and a complex liquid circuit system to achieve gas-liquid separation; the other is to address the impact of bubbles on sampling accuracy, leading to abnormal results and requiring retesting. The former has drawbacks such as high manufacturing and maintenance costs and a high system failure rate; the latter carries the risk of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, and directly reduces testing timeliness, making it difficult to meet the needs of rapid clinical diagnosis.

[0004] Therefore, a liquid circuit control device and method for a biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation that can solve the above problems is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems of complex structure, high cost and difficult maintenance of existing gas-liquid separation devices, as well as the difficulty of effectively dealing with the impact of generated bubbles on sampling accuracy by traditional methods, which can only rely on abnormal results to trigger retesting, resulting in response lag, resource waste and diagnostic risks, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a liquid circuit control device and method for biochemical analyzers with automatic gas-liquid separation.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A liquid circuit control device for a biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation includes a power source and a distributor; the power source is connected to the inlet of the distributor through a main pipeline to pump external detergent into the distributor; the distributor is provided with multiple outlets that output detergent after removing bubbles, and each outlet is connected to a sample sampling unit, a reagent sampling unit, a stirring and cleaning unit and other cleaning units through a branch pipeline, and the probability of residual bubbles in the detergent output from the outlets connected to the sample sampling unit, the reagent sampling unit, the stirring and cleaning unit and other cleaning units gradually increases; a cleaning valve is provided on each branch pipeline.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it achieves bubble separation based on the principle that gas naturally floats in a liquid; it eliminates the need for external degassing membranes or negative pressure devices, significantly reducing system complexity and manufacturing costs, and improving operational reliability.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows:

[0009] Furthermore, the outlet includes a first outlet, a second outlet, a third outlet, a fourth outlet, a fifth outlet, and a sixth outlet; the diverter is a box structure with an internal cavity, and the diverter is inclined to the left relative to the horizontal plane. The first outlet, the second outlet, the third outlet, and the fourth outlet are respectively arranged on the left side of the diverter from bottom to top, and the fifth outlet and the sixth outlet are respectively arranged on the top of the diverter.

[0010] The first outlet is connected to the sample sampling unit via a branch pipe, the second outlet is connected to the reagent sampling unit via a branch pipe, the third outlet and the fourth outlet are each connected to different stirring and cleaning units via a branch pipe, and the fifth outlet and the sixth outlet are each connected to different other cleaning units via a branch pipe.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: The integrated gas-liquid separator design with a built-in multi-channel diversion chamber enables automatic gas-liquid separation of the detergent. Through the inclined installation of the separator and the staged outlet guidance and bubble separation mechanism, bubbles are effectively prevented from entering the sampling unit, ensuring sampling accuracy and improving detection reliability. This separator has a simple structure, requiring no external degassing membrane or negative pressure generating device. Its simple and compact structure significantly reduces manufacturing costs and subsequent maintenance complexity, and exhibits excellent reliability and stability.

[0012] Furthermore, the splitter is tilted 60°-70° to the left relative to the horizontal plane.

[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: the tilting separator needs to take into account the movement speed of the bubbles within the separator: if the movement is too fast, the bubbles will disperse, and separation will fail; if the movement is too slow, the bubbles will be carried into undesignated exhaust branches by the washing water flow, and gas-liquid separation will fail. The specific tilting angle range mentioned above is based on the actual application of the corresponding biochemical analyzer.

[0014] Furthermore, a first bubble detection device is provided on the branch pipe connecting the first outlet to the sample sampling unit, and the first bubble detection device is located between the sample sampling unit and the corresponding cleaning valve.

[0015] Furthermore, a second bubble detection device is provided on the branch pipe connecting the second outlet to the reagent sampling unit, and the second bubble detection device is located between the reagent sampling unit and the corresponding cleaning valve.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: Integrating a bubble detection device into the sampling unit overcomes the problems of detection anomalies and delayed retesting caused by the inability to detect bubbles in real time in existing technologies. When a bubble is detected, the control unit automatically avoids it according to preset logic, effectively preventing the ineffective consumption of samples and reagents, eliminating the risk of misdiagnosis caused by bubbles, and significantly improving detection efficiency and result accuracy.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a control device, which is electrically connected to the first bubble detection device, the second bubble detection device, and all of the cleaning valves.

[0018] The control method for the above-mentioned liquid circuit control device of a biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: First, the control device opens the cleaning valve and activates the detergent power source. The power source delivers the detergent to the distributor, which then outputs both bubble-free and bubble-containing detergents.

[0020] Step 2: A portion of the non-foaming detergent enters the sample sampling unit through the corresponding cleaning valve and the first bubble detection device, while the other portion enters the reagent sampling unit through the corresponding cleaning valve and the second bubble detection device.

[0021] If neither the first bubble detection device nor the second bubble detection device detects bubbles during the current cleaning cycle, the control device will complete the cleaning of the sample sampling unit and the reagent sampling unit according to the program and then directly enter the next testing cycle.

[0022] If the first bubble detection device and / or the second bubble detection device detects bubbles during the current cleaning cycle, the control device determines that there is an abnormality in the next sampling and automatically skips the sampling. At the same time, a bubble removal rinsing of one test cycle is performed at the cleaning positions of the sample sampling unit and the reagent sampling unit. After rinsing, bubble detection is performed again. After confirming that the bubbles have been removed, the system automatically resumes the execution of the test that was not completed in the previous cycle.

[0023] Step 3: The foaming detergent is used to clean the agitation cleaning unit and other cleaning units through the corresponding cleaning valves;

[0024] Step 4: The control device closes the corresponding cleaning valves according to the preset program, thus completing the cleaning of the unit.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the above control method are: it covers key aspects such as gas-liquid separation, flow distribution, bubble monitoring and feedback regulation, forming a complete closed-loop control system. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device described in this invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Here is a structural diagram of the splitter;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of gas-liquid separation in a flow divider (circles represent air bubbles).

[0029] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the method described in this invention.

[0030] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0031] 1. Power source; 2. Diverter; 3. Sample sampling unit; 4. Reagent sampling unit; 5. Stirring and cleaning unit; 6. Other cleaning units; 8. First outlet; 9. Second outlet; 10. Third outlet; 11. Fourth outlet; 12. Fifth outlet; 13. Sixth outlet; 14. First bubble detection device; 15. Second bubble detection device. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, a liquid circuit control device for a biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation includes a power source 1 and a distributor 2. The power source 1 is connected to the inlet of the distributor 2 via a main pipeline to pump external detergent into the distributor 2. The distributor 2 has multiple outlets that output detergent after degassing, and each outlet is connected to a sample sampling unit 3, a reagent sampling unit 4, a stirring and cleaning unit 5, and other cleaning units 6 via a branch pipeline. The probability of residual air bubbles in the detergent output from the outlets connected to the sample sampling unit 3, the reagent sampling unit 4, the stirring and cleaning unit 5, and other cleaning units 6 gradually increases. A cleaning valve 7 is provided on each branch pipeline.

[0034] The outlets include a first outlet 8, a second outlet 9, a third outlet 10, a fourth outlet 11, a fifth outlet 12, and a sixth outlet 13. The diverter 2 is a box-like structure with an internal cavity, and it is tilted to the left relative to the horizontal plane. The first outlet 8, the second outlet 9, the third outlet 10, and the fourth outlet 11 are arranged from bottom to top on the left side of the diverter 2, while the fifth outlet 12 and the sixth outlet 13 are arranged on the top of the diverter 2. The first outlet 8 is connected to the sample sampling unit 3 via a branch pipe; the second outlet 9 is connected to the reagent sampling unit 4 via a branch pipe; the third outlet 10 and the fourth outlet 11 are each connected to different stirring and cleaning units 5 via branch pipes; and the fifth outlet 12 and the sixth outlet 13 are each connected to different other cleaning units 6 via branch pipes.

[0035] The gas-liquid separator 2 is installed inside the instrument at a specific tilt angle, preferably 60°-70° to the left of the horizontal plane. The detergent, pressurized by the power source 1, enters the separator 2 through its inlet. The separator 2, with its enlarged cavity design, significantly reduces the detergent flow rate, providing sufficient time for gas-liquid separation and also serving a buffering function. After entering the gas-liquid separator 2, the detergent achieves efficient separation within the separator 2 through fluid dynamics principles, the built-in multi-outlet channel distribution cavity design, and the buoyancy of the bubbles themselves. Figure 2 and 3As shown, the gas-liquid separator 2 includes multiple outlets. Due to its inclined installation, during gas-liquid separation, the bubble-free detergent concentrates in the left-side region of the separator 2 under its inclined orientation, and bubbles are less likely to form further down the left side of the separator 2. The bubble-free detergent is output to the sample sampling unit 3 and reagent sampling unit 4 for cleaning through the first outlet 8 and second outlet 9 located below the left-side region, respectively. The bubble-containing detergent, due to buoyancy, causes bubbles to accumulate in the right-side or top region of the separator 2 cavity, and is output to the stirring and cleaning unit 5 and other cleaning units 6 through outlets located in the right-side or top region for cleaning. The bubble-containing detergent does not affect the cleaning of the stirring and cleaning unit 5 and other cleaning units 6. Furthermore, based on the extended design of the separator 2's function, several outlets can be designed on its right side to support the expansion of more outlets (e.g., Figure 2 and 3 (As shown). The right outlet of the distributor 2 outputs a detergent containing bubbles, which can be connected to more agitation and cleaning units 5 and other cleaning units 6.

[0036] Chinese utility model patent CN 223205493 U discloses a liquid circuit system for a fully automated biochemical analyzer. In this system, air bubbles, due to their physical properties, move upwards along the six-way inlet / outlet assembly and enter a vertically upward drain pipe, from which they are then discharged. In this patent, the bubbles are dispersed and move upwards within the six-way inlet / outlet assembly. When water exits from the interface, the bubbles are easily carried by the water flow into the cleaning pipe, leading to gas-liquid separation failure. Based on the physical characteristics of low bubble density and upward movement perpendicular to gravity, the inclined gas-liquid separator 2 of this invention obstructs the bubble's movement path through the right side wall of the inclined cavity, causing the bubbles to concentrate and move upwards along the outer wall, preventing dispersion. Compared to the aforementioned patent, the inclined gas-liquid separator 2 of this invention constrains the bubbles to move along a designated path and discharges them from a designated outlet, thereby ensuring thorough and stable gas-liquid separation.

[0037] A first bubble detection device 14 is provided on the branch pipe connecting the first outlet 8 to the sample sampling unit 3, and the first bubble detection device 14 is disposed between the sample sampling unit 3 and the corresponding cleaning valve 7. A second bubble detection device 15 is provided on the branch pipe connecting the second outlet 9 to the reagent sampling unit 4, and the second bubble detection device 15 is disposed between the reagent sampling unit 4 and the corresponding cleaning valve 7. The first bubble detection device 14 and the second bubble detection device 15 are existing products, such as the bubble detection optocoupler model UI350-20DE provided by Zhuhai Unitech Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.

[0038] A first bubble detection device 14 is installed between the first outlet 8 of the splitter 2 and the sample sampling unit 3; a second bubble detection device 15 is installed between the second outlet 9 of the splitter 2 and the reagent sampling unit 4. When either the first bubble detection device 14 or the second bubble detection device 15 detects a bubble, the control logic is automatically triggered to automatically avoid the abnormal test and perform a bubble removal and rinsing operation. This effectively avoids the waste of reagents or samples caused by abnormal tests, improves the instrument's testing efficiency, and ensures the timeliness and reliability of clinical diagnosis.

[0039] The device also includes a control unit that is electrically connected to the first bubble detection device 14, the second bubble detection device 15, and all of the cleaning valves 7.

[0040] A power source 1 is installed in the detergent delivery main pipeline to pump external detergent into the gas-liquid separator 2. The separator 2 is fixed inside the instrument at a specific angle and installed in a specific manner to automatically complete gas-liquid separation. The separator 2 has multiple outlets, allocated according to the priority level of bubble separation effect: the first outlet 8 has the lowest probability of bubble residue and is connected to the sample sampling unit 3; when cleaning the sample sampling unit 3, the power source 1 is turned on according to the main control program, and the corresponding cleaning valve 7 (SV1) is set for a set time to complete the cleaning of the sample sampling unit 3. The second outlet 9 of the separator 2 has the next lowest probability of containing unseparated bubbles and is connected to the reagent sampling unit 4. When cleaning the reagent sampling unit 4, the power source 1 is turned on according to the main control program, and the corresponding cleaning valve 7 (SV2) is set for a set time to complete the cleaning of the reagent sampling unit 4. The third outlet 10 and subsequent outlets of the separator 2 have progressively higher probabilities of containing unseparated bubbles and are connected sequentially to the stirring cleaning unit 5 and other cleaning units 6 according to the magnitude of the bubble's impact on the instrument's test results. When performing the cleaning of the stirring and cleaning unit 5 and other cleaning units 6, turn on the power source 1 in sequence and set the time for the corresponding cleaning valves 7 (SV3 / SV4 and SV5 / SV6) to complete the cleaning of the stirring and cleaning unit 5 and other cleaning units 6.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, a control method for the device described above includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: After the instrument completes the sampling of the previous test cycle and before the next cycle of sampling, it starts the cleaning program: First, the control device opens the cleaning valve 7 and activates the detergent power source 1. The power source 1 delivers the detergent to the distributor 2, and the distributor 2 outputs the non-foaming detergent and the foaming detergent respectively.

[0043] Step 2: A portion of the non-foaming detergent enters the sample sampling unit 3 through the corresponding cleaning valve 7 and the first bubble detection device 14, while the other portion enters the reagent sampling unit 4 through the corresponding cleaning valve 7 and the second bubble detection device 15.

[0044] If neither the first bubble detection device 14 nor the second bubble detection device 15 detects bubbles during the current cleaning cycle, the control device will directly enter the next testing cycle after completing the cleaning of the sample sampling unit 3 and the reagent sampling unit 4 according to the program.

[0045] If the first bubble detection device 14 and / or the second bubble detection device 15 detects bubbles during the current cleaning cycle, the control device determines that there is an anomaly in the next sampling and automatically skips the sampling (saving samples and reagents). Simultaneously, a bubble-removing rinse for one test cycle is performed at the cleaning positions of sample sampling unit 3 and reagent sampling unit 4. The bubble detection devices (first bubble detection device 14 and second bubble detection device 15) are located at the front end of the sampling units (sample sampling unit 3 and reagent sampling unit 4). When a bubble is detected, it indicates that the bubble is about to enter the sampling unit with the detergent. The deformation of the bubble during sampling affects the accuracy of the sampling volume; therefore, the following rinsing steps are required before sampling: After the bubble enters the sampling unit, the sampling unit is rinsed repeatedly with a bubble-free detergent. The bubble will flow out along the sampling unit pipeline with the bubble-free detergent, thus removing the bubble. After rinsing, bubble detection is performed again. Once the bubble is confirmed to be removed, the system automatically resumes the unfinished test from the previous cycle.

[0046] Step 3: The foam-containing detergent is used to clean the agitation cleaning unit 5 and other cleaning units 6 through the corresponding cleaning valve 7. The presence of bubbles does not affect the overall performance of the system.

[0047] Step 4: The control device closes the corresponding cleaning valve 7 according to the preset program, thus completing the cleaning of the unit.

[0048] The above control methods include the following key processes:

[0049] (1) Gas-liquid separation process: The detergent is pumped into the gas-liquid separator 2 by the power source 1. The separator 2 is automatically separated by its special installation, structure and gas-liquid density difference, and the detergent with no bubbles and the detergent with bubbles are output respectively.

[0050] (2) Directional distribution process: bubble-free liquid is delivered to the bubble-sensitive sampling unit (sample sampling unit 3 and reagent sampling unit 4), and bubble-containing liquid is delivered to the bubble-insensitive area (such as stirring and cleaning unit 5).

[0051] (3) Real-time monitoring and feedback control: A bubble sensor (first bubble detection device 14 and second bubble detection device 15) is set in the cleaning circuit of the sampling unit to monitor the liquid flow status in real time. The main control program of the control device dynamically adjusts the system behavior according to the detection results. If no bubble is detected, the cleaning is completed according to the predetermined program and the next test cycle is entered; if a bubble is detected, the current test is automatically skipped and the rinsing program is started to remove the bubble. After the bubble is removed, the unfinished test is resumed.

[0052] In summary, the above control method, through a closed-loop control mechanism consisting of "pre-bubble separation + real-time bubble monitoring + dynamic fault-tolerant adjustment", effectively ensures the accuracy of the sampling unit, eliminates mis-absorption and misjudgment caused by bubbles, and significantly improves the accuracy of detection and the timeliness and reliability of clinical diagnosis.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid circuit control device for a biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation, characterized in that, It includes a power source (1) and a distributor (2); the power source (1) is connected to the inlet of the distributor (2) through a main pipeline to pump external detergent into the distributor (2); the distributor (2) is provided with multiple outlets to output detergent after removing bubbles, and each outlet is connected to a sample sampling unit (3), a reagent sampling unit (4), a stirring and cleaning unit (5) and other cleaning units (6) through a branch pipeline. The probability of residual bubbles in the detergent output from the outlets of the sample sampling unit (3), the reagent sampling unit (4), the stirring and cleaning unit (5) and other cleaning units (6) gradually increases; a cleaning valve (7) is provided on each branch pipeline.

2. The liquid circuit control device for a biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlets include a first outlet (8), a second outlet (9), a third outlet (10), a fourth outlet (11), a fifth outlet (12), and a sixth outlet (13); the diverter (2) is a box structure with an internal cavity, and the diverter (2) is tilted to the left relative to the horizontal plane. The first outlet (8), the second outlet (9), the third outlet (10), and the fourth outlet (11) are arranged from bottom to top on the left side of the diverter (2), and the fifth outlet (12) and the sixth outlet (13) are arranged on the top of the diverter (2). The first outlet (8) is connected to the sample sampling unit (3) through a branch pipe, the second outlet (9) is connected to the reagent sampling unit (4) through a branch pipe, the third outlet (10) and the fourth outlet (11) are respectively connected to different stirring and cleaning units (5) through a branch pipe, and the fifth outlet (12) and the sixth outlet (13) are respectively connected to different other cleaning units (6) through a branch pipe.

3. The liquid circuit control device for a biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The splitter (2) is tilted 60°-70° to the left relative to the horizontal plane.

4. The liquid circuit control device for a biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first bubble detection device (14) is provided on the branch pipe connecting the first outlet (8) to the sample sampling unit (3), and the first bubble detection device (14) is located between the sample sampling unit (3) and the corresponding cleaning valve (7).

5. The liquid circuit control device for a biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second outlet (9) is connected to the branch pipe of the reagent sampling unit (4) and a second bubble detection device (15) is provided. The second bubble detection device (15) is located between the reagent sampling unit (4) and the corresponding cleaning valve (7).

6. The liquid circuit control device for a biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a control device that is electrically connected to the first bubble detection device (14), the second bubble detection device (15), and all of the cleaning valves (7).

7. A control method for a liquid circuit control device of a biochemical analyzer with automatic gas-liquid separation as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: First, the control device opens the cleaning valve (7) and activates the detergent power source (1). The power source (1) delivers the detergent to the distributor (2). The distributor (2) outputs non-foaming detergent and foaming detergent respectively. Step 2: A portion of the non-foaming detergent enters the sample sampling unit (3) through the corresponding cleaning valve (7) and the first bubble detection device (14), while the other portion enters the reagent sampling unit (4) through the corresponding cleaning valve (7) and the second bubble detection device (15). If neither the first bubble detection device (14) nor the second bubble detection device (15) detects bubbles during the current cleaning cycle, the control device will directly enter the next testing cycle after completing the cleaning of the sample sampling unit (3) and the reagent sampling unit (4) according to the program. If the first bubble detection device (14) and / or the second bubble detection device (15) detect bubbles during the current cleaning cycle, the control device determines that there is an abnormality in the next sampling and automatically skips the sampling. At the same time, it performs a test cycle of bubble removal rinsing at the cleaning positions of the sample sampling unit (3) and the reagent sampling unit (4). After rinsing, bubble detection is performed again. After confirming that the bubbles are removed, the system automatically resumes the execution of the test that was not completed in the previous cycle. Step 3: The foaming detergent is used to clean the agitation cleaning unit (5) and other cleaning units (6) through the corresponding cleaning valve (7); Step 4: The control device closes the corresponding cleaning valve (7) according to the preset program, and the cleaning of the unit is completed.

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