Air conditioning system pipeline comprehensive optimization and construction control method based on BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology

Abstract

The invention discloses an air conditioning system pipeline comprehensive optimization and construction control method based on a BIM technology, and relates to the technical field of pipeline optimization, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, optimizing a triangular patch, S2, determining a tetrahedron unit, S3, analyzing a hybrid calculation grid, S4, configuring a solver, S5, outputting a performance optimization suggestion, and S6, determining a pipeline optimization scheme. According to the method, automatic and intelligent conversion from a performance target to a constructable scheme is achieved through a performance instruction intelligent analysis and multi-constraint automatic optimization technology, a text report is analyzed through a natural language processing technology, the pipe network range needing to be adjusted is accurately locked through a topology backtracking algorithm, and under multiple constraints such as the structure and space, the construction efficiency is greatly improved. According to the method, pipe diameter checking calculation, collision detection, route re-planning and support hanger re-checking are automatically executed, the traditional coordination work which depends on artificial experience and is extremely error-prone is converted into a data-driven deterministic process in the process, and the design efficiency and precision are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pipeline optimization technology, specifically to a method for comprehensive optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology. Background Technology

[0002] This invention discloses a method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology. It integrates BIM and CFD to achieve cleanroom airflow simulation, automatic pipeline optimization, and collision detection, generating constructable detailed design schemes. This improves design quality, construction efficiency, and empowers intelligent operation and maintenance. Patent application number 202411808026.9 discloses "a pipeline integrated optimization design method based on BIM technology. First, it specifies the general principles of pipeline layout. Then, it clarifies the preliminary scheme for the intersection areas between professional system pipelines. After group optimization, it performs regional merging and group optimization, and finally, it performs pipeline layering, unifying the management elevation within a threshold range to obtain the integrated pipeline optimization design scheme. This invention not only ensures that the design of each group meets common principles, but also avoids collision interference between pipelines in each group through regional merging and group optimization. Furthermore, the final pipeline layering design minimizes the building height occupied by pipeline installation. The entire design process is rationally arranged, enabling standardized, rapid, and accurate design, meeting the requirements of most pipeline integrated optimization designs." The aforementioned existing technologies have solved the problem of the lack of reasonable allocation of pipelines in spatial arrangement. However, when in use, the design method that relies entirely on manual experience is difficult to accurately predict airflow dead zones, pollutant diffusion paths and pressure differential weak points, which can easily lead to spatial pollution diffusion and energy waste. At the same time, manual coordination of pipe diameter, route and support is prone to errors and omissions, causing on-site collisions and rework, significantly increasing the risk and cost of engineering changes. The overall design efficiency is low and the feasibility of the solution is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology, comprising the following steps: S1. Optimize triangular facets: After reading the BIM building model of the specified pharmaceutical industrial park, extract a set of triangular facets from the model, optimize each triangular facet in the set, and determine the area type of each facet in the set. S2. Determine tetrahedral elements: Construct a surface mesh set using triangular facets as constraints. Use the surface mesh to automatically generate a tetrahedral element set that fills its internal space. Perform topology optimization on each element in the element set, delete unqualified elements, and form a new tetrahedral element set. S3. Analyze the hybrid computational mesh: Generate a prismatic mesh using the surface mesh set, match this mesh with the tetrahedral element set, and thus output the hybrid computational mesh; S4. Configure the solver: Obtain the hybrid computational grid, the set of spatial attributes in the BIM model, the air conditioning system model, and the set of pollution sources; calculate and set the physical model and boundary conditions of the CFD solver. S5. Output performance optimization suggestions: After receiving the CFD solver configuration, total simulation time, initial time step, and three-dimensional coordinates of key protection points, iteratively solves the coupled flow control equations, thereby outputting a spatiotemporal dataset containing velocity, pressure, temperature, and pollutant concentration fields. Analyze the dataset and generate a performance optimization suggestion report for the air conditioning system. S6. Determine the pipeline optimization scheme: Convert all the contents of the performance optimization suggestion report into structured instructions, generate a corresponding path chain for each instruction, perform physical verification on each key pipe segment on the path chain, call the coordination model for evaluation after verification, determine all geometric changes, and output the pipeline optimization design scheme.

[0005] Preferably, step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S11. After reading the BIM building model of the specified pharmaceutical industrial park, extract the spatial set from the model and convert it into a set of triangular faces. ,in , , Indicates the first A triangular facet, express The three vertex vectors in the middle, Represent the total number of triangular faces, and construct this set. Half-data structure S ,in S Record the adjacency relationships of each vertex, edge, and face; S12, Select the triangular facet ,calculate area ,in , express If the three vertex vectors in the middle, ,Will Mark as redundant and remove from the set, while updating S Select in sequence Then, output the new set of processed triangles. and the corresponding half-side data structure ; S13, will All edges referenced by a single triangular facet are stored as isolated edges in an edge set. Edges connected end-to-end in the edge set are assembled into a boundary loop. Any boundary loop can be selected. Calculate its relationship with other boundary rings. minimum spatial distance ,in , express Vertex vectors on, express Vertex vectors on, express The set of all vertices above, express The set of all vertices above, Indicates the serial number; S14, if Then a new vertex is created at the midpoint of the closest pair of points between the two rings. After reconnecting all edges associated with the current vertex pair to the new vertex, the current vertex pair is deleted, and new triangles are generated to fill the gaps. This process is repeated for each boundary loop, and then all newly generated triangles are stored in a set. Among them This indicates the safe distance threshold.

[0006] Preferably, step S1 further includes the following steps: S15 is a set of triangular facets. Construct a spatial index to determine if each triangular facet is related to other faces in 3D space. If they intersect, calculate the intersection line between the two faces and divide it into multiple polygons. After re-triangulating the polygons using constrained Delaunay triangulation, store the new triangular faces in a set. Conversely, no operation is performed; S16. If in the set If isolated edges still exist, they are assembled into a boundary loop and projected onto the best-fit plane to obtain a 2D polygon. The polygon is then subdivided to generate filled facets. Finally, all facets are inversely projected back into 3D space, and the resulting triangular facets are stored. In the process, according to the metadata in the BIM building model, Each triangular facet is classified to determine its corresponding region type.

[0007] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21, Receive attribute functions for different space cleanliness levels ,according to Determine the location of each space Target mesh size ; S22, using triangular facets as a set To constrain the process, the constrained Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to generate a surface mesh set, controlling the maximum side length of the newly generated surface triangular patches. ,in , Indicates position Local feature length at; S23. Using the surface mesh as the boundary, automatically generate a set of tetrahedral elements to fill its internal space using the advancing wavefront method. ,in , Indicates the first A tetrahedral unit This represents the total number of tetrahedral elements. Represents the ordinal number, for the first... Tetrahedral unit Vertex in Statistics of all Use the vertices directly connected by edges as... Calculate the adjacent vertices. geometric center of all adjacent vertices ,in , express The set of adjacent vertices, This represents the number of vertices in the set of adjacent vertices. Indicates adjacent vertices, Location updated to ,in Where λ is the relaxation factor, all vertices within each tetrahedral element are selected sequentially, and the same operation is performed to output the updated tetrahedral element set. ; S24, from Select two tetrahedral elements that share a triangular facet. Check if swapping their shared edges reduces the ratio of their maximum edge lengths. If so, perform the swap operation to form two new tetrahedral elements. Replace the original element; otherwise, do nothing. After traversing all element pairs with shared faces, the topology-optimized tetrahedral element set is output. Then, filter out The defective elements in the set form a new tetrahedral element set. .

[0008] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31. Read the surface mesh set, identify the triangular facets in the set whose region type is wall, calculate the first layer mesh height of all triangular facets, and use the current triangular facet as the base to extrude and generate a prism mesh layer by layer along its normal. S32. After deleting the elements that overlap between the tetrahedral element set and the prism mesh, perform geometric stitching and node matching on the outermost layer of the prism mesh and the corresponding boundary of the tetrahedral element set to output a hybrid computational mesh.

[0009] Preferably, step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41. Receive the hybrid computing grid, the set of spatial attributes in the BIM model, the air conditioning system model, and the set of pollution sources as input data; S42. Calculate and set the physical model and boundary conditions of the CFD solver based on the input data, and receive the space cleanliness level attribute function. ,according to Determine the location of each space Target mesh size .

[0010] S43, if If it is greater than zero and less than or equal to the threshold, then A value of 1 indicates that the current location is in a critical area, and vice versa. A value of 0 indicates that the current location is in a non-critical region. For non-critical regions, the Realizable k-ε turbulence model is activated; for critical regions, the Large Eddy Simulation (WALE) model is activated.

[0011] Preferably, step S5 specifically includes the following steps: S51. Receives the CFD solver configuration, total simulation time, initial time step, three-dimensional coordinates of key protection points, and corresponding maximum allowable pollutant concentration as input. After setting the initial field variables for all elements and nodes in the hybrid computational grid, it uses the SIMPLE algorithm to iteratively solve the coupled flow control equations. After the solution is completed, it outputs a spatiotemporal dataset containing velocity, pressure, temperature, and pollutant concentration fields, and extracts the concentration time series of key protection points. S52. Determine whether the simulated concentration value of each critical protection point exceeds its maximum allowable pollutant concentration at any time based on the concentration time series. If it exceeds the maximum allowable pollutant concentration, record it as a violation event; otherwise, no action is taken. S53, Receive the spatiotemporal datasets of the pressure field and velocity field from the output, and extract the set of spatial attributes from the BIM model, and select the appropriate attributes based on the spatial attributes. Adjacent space pairs Extracting from the pressure field the contents located in space and The pressure values ​​of the key protection points in the time series are used to obtain the pressure array. and Calculate the time-averaged pressure difference of this space pair during the simulation steady-state phase. ,in , This represents the set of time periods after the simulation has reached a stable state. express Total number of time steps Indicates time medium space The spatial average pressure of all internal protection points Indicates time medium space The spatial average pressure at all internal protection points; S54, will With the preset minimum pressure difference If a comparison is made, If so, the space is deemed non-compliant with pressure differential regulations.

[0012] Preferably, step S5 specifically includes the following steps: S55. Identify connection spaces in hybrid computational grids and For triangular patches of the portal type, the velocity vector time series of all triangular patches during the steady-state phase are extracted from the velocity field. For each time step, the net mass flow rate through all patches is calculated, its direction is determined, and the velocity vectors during the steady-state period are statistically analyzed. Inside, the direction of net mass flow is Flow direction The proportion of the time step to the total time step; if the proportion is lower than the set threshold, it is determined that the airflow direction of the portal is non-compliant. S56. Select all the remaining adjacent space pairs in sequence and perform the same operation. After traversal, output a list of all space pairs with non-compliant pressure difference and a list of all portals with non-compliant airflow direction. S57. Compile a list of all violations, non-compliant pressure differential space pairs, and a list of all non-compliant airflow directions for portals, and output a performance optimization suggestion report for the air conditioning system through the rule engine; Preferably, step S6 specifically includes the following steps: S61. After receiving the air conditioning system performance optimization suggestion report, perform natural language processing on the full text of the report. Through the preset keyword library and grammar rules, automatically identify and extract all performance optimization suggestion items. After semantic parsing each identified item, convert it into a structured instruction containing operation type, target location and parameter value. S62. Call the topology network of the air conditioning system in the BIM building model. For each structured instruction, start from its target location and recursively backtrack in the topology network. Each instruction generates a corresponding path chain. S63. Perform physical verification on each key pipe segment in the path chain, calculate the new design indicators in the air conditioning system based on the parameter values ​​in the instruction, calculate the actual operating indicators under the specified operating conditions for each duct segment in the path chain based on its current size, and compare it with the limit value allowed by the specification. If the actual indicator value exceeds the limit value, automatically calculate the minimum pipe diameter that meets the requirements based on the new design indicators and pipe shape. For instructions involving structural adjustments, calculate the new load and determine its optimal connection point and related parameters. S64. After completing the theoretical calculation, call the coordination model generated by integrating and lightweighting the BIM building model, statistically verify all the proposed duct sections, put their new theoretical geometric shape into the coordination model, calculate the minimum spatial distance between the proposed duct section and all other objects in the scene, and record any situation that is less than the preset installation spacing as a spatial conflict, and associate the object identifiers of the conflicting parties with the conflict position coordinates.

[0013] Preferably, step S6 further includes the following steps: S65. Activate the automatic pipeline routing planner. The planner takes the coordinates of the conflict location as the starting point, treats the existing pipelines and structures in the surrounding area as three-dimensional obstacles, and performs a heuristic search within the available building space under the premise of meeting the pipeline process constraints. It generates multiple collision-free alternative routes and performs a comprehensive evaluation based on the cost function. Finally, it outputs the modified duct route plan. S66. Based on the final geometric dimensions, material properties and medium weight of the duct to be changed, recalculate its load distribution, obtain the layout and bearing capacity of the existing supports of the duct to be changed, compare the new load distribution with the bearing capacity of the existing supports, and identify all support points that need to be adjusted. S67. For support points that need to be adjusted, on the adjacent load-bearing structure, based on the load capacity data provided by the structural model in the BIM building model, automatically optimize and determine the new support point location and the required support model and specifications. S68. All geometric changes are synchronously output as incremental files of the BIM building model. This file records all additions, deletions and modifications relative to the original model and is directly merged into the main design model to form an optimized design scheme.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention achieves accurate prediction and analysis of clean environment performance through multi-scale adaptive mesh generation and dynamic pollution coupling solution technology. It automatically generates a mixed computational mesh from dense to sparse according to the cleanliness level of the space. In the core area, large eddy simulation is used to accurately capture transient eddies and simulate the diffusion path of pollutants. This combination of technologies can not only accurately assess whether key indicators such as concentration and pressure difference meet the standards, but also intuitively locate airflow dead zones, pollution retention areas and weak pressure differences through flow field analysis, which can provide accurate suggestions for subsequent optimization. 2. This invention achieves automated and intelligent transformation from performance targets to constructable solutions through intelligent performance instruction parsing and multi-constraint automatic optimization technology. It uses natural language processing technology to parse text reports and uses topology backtracking algorithms to accurately locate the pipeline network range that needs adjustment. Under multiple constraints such as structure and space, it automatically performs pipe diameter verification, collision detection, route replanning, and support verification. This process transforms the traditional coordination work, which relies on manual experience and is prone to errors, into a data-driven deterministic process, greatly improving design efficiency and accuracy, and ensuring that the optimized solution has both superior performance and on-site feasibility, thus significantly reducing the risk and cost of engineering changes from the source. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 An overall method flowchart is provided for embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example: Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a technical solution: a method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology, comprising the following steps: S1. Optimize triangular facets: After reading the BIM building model of the specified pharmaceutical industrial park, extract a set of triangular facets from the model, optimize each triangular facet in the set, and determine the area type of each facet in the set. S2. Determine tetrahedral elements: Construct a surface mesh set using triangular facets as constraints. Use the surface mesh to automatically generate a tetrahedral element set that fills its internal space. Perform topology optimization on each element in the element set, delete unqualified elements, and form a new tetrahedral element set. S3. Analyze the hybrid computational mesh: Generate a prismatic mesh using the surface mesh set, match this mesh with the tetrahedral element set, and thus output the hybrid computational mesh; S4. Configure the solver: Obtain the hybrid computational grid, the set of spatial attributes in the BIM model, the air conditioning system model, and the set of pollution sources; calculate and set the physical model and boundary conditions of the CFD solver. S5. Output performance optimization suggestions: After receiving the CFD solver configuration, total simulation time, initial time step, and three-dimensional coordinates of key protection points, iteratively solves the coupled flow control equations, thereby outputting a spatiotemporal dataset containing velocity, pressure, temperature, and pollutant concentration fields. Analyze the dataset and generate a performance optimization suggestion report for the air conditioning system. S6. Determine the pipeline optimization scheme: Convert all the contents of the performance optimization suggestion report into structured instructions, generate a corresponding path chain for each instruction, perform physical verification on each key pipe segment on the path chain, call the coordination model for evaluation after verification, determine all geometric changes, and output the pipeline optimization design scheme.

[0018] S1 specifically includes the following steps: S11. After reading the BIM building model of the specified pharmaceutical industrial park, extract the spatial set from the model and convert it into a set of triangular faces. ,in , , Indicates the first A triangular facet, express The three vertex vectors in the middle, Represent the total number of triangular faces, and construct this set. Half-data structure S ,in S Record the adjacency relationships of each vertex, edge, and face; S12, Select the triangular facet ,calculate area ,in , express If the three vertex vectors in the middle, ,Will Mark as redundant and remove from the set, while updating S Select in sequence Then, output the new set of processed triangles. and the corresponding half-side data structure ; S13, will All edges referenced by a single triangular facet are stored as isolated edges in an edge set. Edges connected end-to-end in the edge set are assembled into a boundary loop. Any boundary loop can be selected. Calculate its relationship with other boundary rings. minimum spatial distance ,in , express Vertex vectors on, express Vertex vectors on, express The set of all vertices above, express The set of all vertices above, Indicates the serial number; S14, if Then a new vertex is created at the midpoint of the closest pair of points between the two rings. After reconnecting all edges associated with the current vertex pair to the new vertex, the current vertex pair is deleted, and new triangles are generated to fill the gaps. This process is repeated for each boundary loop, and then all newly generated triangles are stored in a set. Among them Indicates the distance safety threshold; S1 also includes the following steps: S15 is a set of triangular facets. Construct a spatial index to determine if each triangular facet is related to other faces in 3D space. If they intersect, calculate the intersection line between the two faces and divide it into multiple polygons. After re-triangulating the polygons using constrained Delaunay triangulation, store the new triangular faces in a set. Conversely, no operation is performed; S16. If in the set If isolated edges still exist, they are assembled into a boundary loop and projected onto the best-fit plane to obtain a 2D polygon. The polygon is then subdivided to generate filled facets. Finally, all facets are inversely projected back into 3D space, and the resulting triangular facets are stored. In the process, according to the metadata in the BIM building model, Each triangular facet is classified to determine its corresponding region type; S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21, Receive attribute functions for different space cleanliness levels This function defines any position in space. The cleanliness level is determined according to... Determine the location of each space Target mesh size ,like This indicates the current spatial location. Located in the highest cleanliness level area, ,like This indicates the current spatial location. Located in a lower cleanliness level area, ,like This indicates the current spatial location. Located in a non-clean area, ,in Indicates the target mesh size for the non-clean area. Indicates the target grid size for the highest cleanliness level area; S22, using triangular facets as a set To constrain the process, the constrained Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to generate a surface mesh set, controlling the maximum side length of the newly generated surface triangular patches. ,in , Indicates position Local feature length at; S23. Using the surface mesh as the boundary, automatically generate a set of tetrahedral elements to fill its internal space using the advancing wavefront method. ,in , Indicates the first A tetrahedral unit This represents the total number of tetrahedral elements. Represents the ordinal number, for the first... Tetrahedral unit Vertex in Statistics of all Use the vertices directly connected by edges as... Calculate the adjacent vertices. geometric center of all adjacent vertices ,in , express The set of adjacent vertices, This represents the number of vertices in the set of adjacent vertices. Indicates adjacent vertices, Location updated to ,in Where λ is the relaxation factor, all vertices within each tetrahedral element are selected sequentially, and the same operation is performed to output the updated tetrahedral element set. ; S24, from Select two tetrahedral elements that share a triangular facet. Check if swapping their shared edges reduces the ratio of their maximum edge lengths. If so, perform the swap operation to form two new tetrahedral elements. Replace the original element; otherwise, do nothing. After traversing all element pairs with shared faces, the topology-optimized tetrahedral element set is output. Then, filter out The defective elements in the set form a new tetrahedral element set. .

[0019] Filter out The defective elements in the set form a new tetrahedral element set. Specifically, the following steps are included: S241. Selecting a set tetrahedral unit in Calculate the longest and shortest sides within the cell, and use the ratio of the two as the aspect ratio of the cell. If the current aspect ratio is greater than the preset value, the cell is determined to be an unqualified cell. S242. Determine the current tetrahedral element. actual volume And the corresponding circumscribed sphere radius, calculate and Volume of an ideal regular tetrahedron with the same circumsphere radius ,use and Analysis skewness ,in ,like If so, the unit is determined to be a non-conforming unit; S243, Select sets sequentially After performing the same operation on each element, output all tetrahedral elements with an aspect ratio less than or equal to a preset value and a skewness less than 0.85. Combine these elements to form a new set of tetrahedral elements. .

[0020] S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31. Read the surface mesh set, identify the triangular facets in the set whose region type is wall, calculate the first layer mesh height of all triangular facets, and use the current triangular facet as the base to extrude and generate a prism mesh layer by layer along its normal. S32. After deleting the elements that overlap between the tetrahedral element set and the prism mesh, perform geometric stitching and node matching on the outermost layer of the prism mesh and the corresponding boundary of the tetrahedral element set to output a hybrid computational mesh. S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41. Receive the hybrid computing grid, the set of spatial attributes in the BIM model, the air conditioning system model, and the set of pollution sources as input data. Spatial attributes include, but are not limited to, cleanliness level, design temperature and humidity, design air supply volume, design air change rate, supply and return air system, personnel density, and total number of similar air outlets. Pollution source attributes include, but are not limited to, location, release intensity, particle size distribution, release dynamics, and the number of representative particles injected at each time step. S42. Calculate and set the physical model and boundary conditions of the CFD solver based on the input data, and receive the space cleanliness level attribute function. ,according to Determine the location of each space Target mesh size .

[0021] S43, if If it is greater than zero and less than or equal to the threshold, then A value of 1 indicates that the current location is in a critical area, and vice versa. A value of 0 indicates that the current location is in a non-critical region. For non-critical regions, the Realizable k-ε turbulence model is activated. This model closes the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations by solving two transport equations for turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent dissipation rate. Its turbulent viscosity... From the formula Calculation, where The model variables are represented by the large eddy simulation (WALE) model. For key regions, the WALE model is activated. This model directly solves for large-scale eddies and simulates the effects of small-scale eddies through a subgrid-scale model. The specific boundary conditions are as follows: S431. Identify triangular faces in the hybrid computing grid whose region type is air outlet. For each face, calculate the inlet velocity based on the design air volume of the space to which it belongs, the total number of similar air outlets, and the air outlet area in the air conditioning system model. Set the boundary condition type of the corresponding face to velocity inlet and record the velocity value. S432. Identify triangular facets in the hybrid computational grid whose region type is return air outlet. For each facet, set its boundary condition type to pressure outlet and the static pressure reference value to 0 Pa. S433. Identify triangular patches in the hybrid computational grid whose region type is wall. For each patch, set its boundary condition type to wall and use the standard wall function to handle near-wall flow. S434. For each pollution source in the pollution source set, define the particle swarm it releases, with the particle size distribution being a log-normal distribution. Calculate the particle injection rate according to the total release intensity of the pollution source and the representative particles injected at each time step. S5 specifically includes the following steps: S51. Receives the CFD solver configuration, total simulation time, initial time step, three-dimensional coordinates of key protection points, and corresponding maximum allowable pollutant concentration as input. After setting the initial field variables for all elements and nodes in the hybrid computational grid, it uses the SIMPLE algorithm to iteratively solve the coupled flow control equations. After the solution is completed, it outputs a spatiotemporal dataset containing velocity, pressure, temperature, and pollutant concentration fields, and extracts the concentration time series of key protection points. S52. Determine whether the simulated concentration value of each critical protection point exceeds its maximum allowable pollutant concentration at any time based on the concentration time series. If it exceeds the maximum allowable pollutant concentration, record it as a violation event; otherwise, no action is taken. S53, Receive the spatiotemporal datasets of the pressure field and velocity field from the output, and extract the set of spatial attributes from the BIM model, and select the appropriate attributes based on the spatial attributes. Adjacent space pairs Extracting from the pressure field the contents located in space and The pressure values ​​of the key protection points in the time series are used to obtain the pressure array. and Calculate the time-averaged pressure difference of this space pair during the simulation steady-state phase. ,in , This represents the set of time periods after the simulation has reached a stable state. express Total number of time steps Indicates time medium space The spatial average pressure of all internal protection points Indicates time medium space The spatial average pressure at all internal protection points; S54, will With the preset minimum pressure difference If a comparison is made, If so, the space is deemed non-compliant with pressure differential regulations; S5 specifically includes the following steps: S55. Identify connection spaces in hybrid computational grids and For triangular patches of the portal type, the velocity vector time series of all triangular patches during the steady-state phase are extracted from the velocity field. For each time step, the net mass flow rate through all patches is calculated, its direction is determined, and the velocity vectors during the steady-state period are statistically analyzed. Inside, the direction of net mass flow is Flow direction The proportion of the time step to the total time step; if the proportion is lower than the set threshold, it is determined that the airflow direction of the portal is non-compliant. S56. Select all the remaining adjacent space pairs in sequence and perform the same operation. After traversal, output a list of all space pairs with non-compliant pressure difference and a list of all portals with non-compliant airflow direction. S57. Compile a list of all violations, non-compliant pressure differential space pairs, and a list of all non-compliant airflow directions for portals, and output a performance optimization suggestion report for the air conditioning system through the rule engine; S6 specifically includes the following steps: S61. After receiving the air conditioning system performance optimization suggestion report, perform natural language processing on the full text of the report. Through the preset keyword library and grammar rules, automatically identify and extract all performance optimization suggestion items. After semantic parsing each identified item, convert it into a structured instruction containing operation type, target location and parameter value. S62. Call the topology network of the air conditioning system in the BIM building model. For each structured instruction, take its target location as the starting point, and recursively backtrack in the topology network. Along the airflow direction, query the upstream components connected to the current node level by level, so as to accurately locate all the air ducts, valves and control equipment serving the target, forming an influence path chain from the source of the system to the end target. Each instruction generates a corresponding path chain. S63. Perform physical verification on each key pipe segment in the path chain, calculate the new design indicators in the air conditioning system based on the parameter values ​​in the instruction, calculate the actual operating indicators under the specified operating conditions for each duct segment in the path chain based on its current size, and compare it with the limit value allowed by the specification. If the actual indicator value exceeds the limit value, automatically calculate the minimum pipe diameter that meets the requirements based on the new design indicators and pipe shape. For instructions involving structural adjustments, calculate the new load and determine its optimal connection point and related parameters. S64. After completing the theoretical calculation, call the coordination model generated by integrating and lightweighting the BIM building model, statistically verify all the proposed duct sections, put their new theoretical geometric shape into the coordination model, calculate the minimum spatial distance between the proposed duct section and all other objects in the scene, and record any situation that is less than the preset installation spacing as a spatial conflict, and associate the object identifiers of the conflicting parties with the conflict position coordinates. S6 also includes the following steps: S65. Activate the automatic pipeline routing planner. The planner takes the coordinates of the conflict location as the starting point, treats the existing pipelines and structures in the surrounding area as three-dimensional obstacles, and performs a heuristic search within the available building space under the premise of meeting the pipeline process constraints. It generates multiple collision-free alternative routes and performs a comprehensive evaluation based on the cost function. Finally, it outputs the modified duct route plan. S66. Based on the final geometric dimensions, material properties and medium weight of the duct to be changed, recalculate its load distribution, obtain the layout and bearing capacity of the existing supports of the duct to be changed, compare the new load distribution with the bearing capacity of the existing supports, and identify all support points that need to be adjusted. S67. For support points that need to be adjusted, on the adjacent load-bearing structure, based on the load capacity data provided by the structural model in the BIM building model, automatically optimize and determine the new support point location and the required support model and specifications. S68. All geometric changes are synchronously output as incremental files of the BIM building model. This file records all additions, deletions and modifications relative to the original model and is directly merged into the main design model to form an optimized design scheme.

[0022] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0023] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. Optimize triangular facets: After reading the BIM building model of the specified pharmaceutical industrial park, extract a set of triangular facets from the model, optimize each triangular facet in the set, and determine the area type of each facet in the set. S2. Determine tetrahedral elements: Construct a surface mesh set using triangular facets as constraints. Use the surface mesh to automatically generate a tetrahedral element set that fills its internal space. Perform topology optimization on each element in the element set, delete unqualified elements, and form a new tetrahedral element set. S3. Analyze the hybrid computational mesh: Generate a prismatic mesh using the surface mesh set, match this mesh with the tetrahedral element set, and thus output the hybrid computational mesh; S4. Configure the solver: Obtain the hybrid computational grid, the set of spatial attributes in the BIM model, the air conditioning system model, and the set of pollution sources; calculate and set the physical model and boundary conditions of the CFD solver. S5. Output performance optimization suggestions: After receiving the CFD solver configuration, total simulation time, initial time step, and three-dimensional coordinates of key protection points, iteratively solves the coupled flow control equations, thereby outputting a spatiotemporal dataset containing velocity, pressure, temperature, and pollutant concentration fields. Analyze the dataset and generate a performance optimization suggestion report for the air conditioning system. S6. Determine the pipeline optimization scheme: Convert all the contents of the performance optimization suggestion report into structured instructions, generate a corresponding path chain for each instruction, perform physical verification on each key pipe segment on the path chain, call the coordination model for evaluation after verification, determine all geometric changes, and output the pipeline optimization design scheme.

2. The method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 specifically includes the following steps: S11. After reading the BIM building model of the specified pharmaceutical industrial park, extract the spatial set from the model and convert it into a set of triangular faces. ,in , , Indicates the first A triangular facet, express The three vertex vectors in the middle, Represent the total number of triangular faces, and construct this set. Half-data structure S ,in S Record the adjacency relationships of each vertex, edge, and face; S12, Select the triangular facet ,calculate area ,in , express If the three vertex vectors in the middle, ,Will Mark as redundant and remove from the set, while updating S Select in sequence Then, output the new set of processed triangles. and the corresponding half-side data structure ; S13, will All edges referenced by a single triangular facet are stored as isolated edges in an edge set. Edges connected end-to-end in the edge set are assembled into a boundary loop. Any boundary loop can be selected. Calculate its relationship with other boundary rings. minimum spatial distance ,in , express Vertex vectors on, express Vertex vectors on, express The set of all vertices above, express The set of all vertices above, Indicates the serial number; S14, if Then a new vertex is created at the midpoint of the closest pair of points between the two rings. After reconnecting all edges associated with the current vertex pair to the new vertex, the current vertex pair is deleted, and new triangles are generated to fill the gaps. This process is repeated for each boundary loop, and then all newly generated triangles are stored in a set. Among them This indicates the safe distance threshold.

3. The method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology according to claim 2, characterized in that, S1 further includes the following steps: S15 is a set of triangular facets. Construct a spatial index to determine if each triangular facet is related to other faces in 3D space. If they intersect, calculate the intersection line between the two faces and divide it into multiple polygons. After re-triangulating the polygons using constrained Delaunay triangulation, store the new triangular faces in a set. Conversely, no operation is performed; S16. If in the set If isolated edges still exist, they are assembled into a boundary loop and projected onto the best-fit plane to obtain a 2D polygon. The polygon is then subdivided to generate filled facets. Finally, all facets are inversely projected back into 3D space, and the resulting triangular facets are stored. In the process, according to the metadata in the BIM building model, Each triangular facet is classified to determine its corresponding region type.

4. The method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21, Receive attribute functions for different space cleanliness levels ,according to Determine the location of each space Target mesh size ; S22, using triangular facets as a set To constrain the process, the constrained Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to generate a surface mesh set, controlling the maximum side length of the newly generated surface triangular patches. ,in , Indicates position Local feature length at; S23. Using the surface mesh as the boundary, automatically generate a set of tetrahedral elements to fill its internal space using the advancing wavefront method. ,in , Indicates the first A tetrahedral unit This represents the total number of tetrahedral elements. Represents the ordinal number, for the first... Tetrahedral unit Vertex in Statistics of all Use the vertices directly connected by edges as... Calculate the adjacent vertices. geometric center of all adjacent vertices ,in , express The set of adjacent vertices, This represents the number of vertices in the set of adjacent vertices. Indicates adjacent vertices, Location updated to ,in Where λ is the relaxation factor, all vertices within each tetrahedral element are selected sequentially, and the same operation is performed to output the updated tetrahedral element set. ; S24, from Select two tetrahedral elements that share a triangular facet. Check if swapping their shared edges reduces the ratio of their maximum edge lengths. If so, perform the swap operation to form two new tetrahedral elements. Replace the original element; otherwise, do nothing. After traversing all element pairs with shared faces, the topology-optimized tetrahedral element set is output. Then, filter out The defective elements in the set form a new tetrahedral element set. .

5. The method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31. Read the surface mesh set, identify the triangular facets in the set whose region type is wall, calculate the first layer mesh height of all triangular facets, and use the current triangular facet as the base to extrude and generate a prism mesh layer by layer along its normal. S32. After deleting the elements that overlap between the tetrahedral element set and the prism mesh, perform geometric stitching and node matching on the outermost layer of the prism mesh and the corresponding boundary of the tetrahedral element set to output a hybrid computational mesh.

6. The method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41. Receive the hybrid computing grid, the set of spatial attributes in the BIM model, the air conditioning system model, and the set of pollution sources as input data; S42. Calculate and set the physical model and boundary conditions of the CFD solver based on the input data, and receive the space cleanliness level attribute function. ,according to Determine the location of each space Target mesh size . S43, if If it is greater than zero and less than or equal to the threshold, then A value of 1 indicates that the current location is in a critical area, and vice versa. A value of 0 indicates that the current location is in a non-critical region. For non-critical regions, the Realizable k-ε turbulence model is activated; for critical regions, the Large Eddy Simulation (WALE) model is activated.

7. The method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, S5 specifically includes the following steps: S51. Receives the CFD solver configuration, total simulation time, initial time step, three-dimensional coordinates of key protection points, and corresponding maximum allowable pollutant concentration as input. After setting the initial field variables for all elements and nodes in the hybrid computational grid, it uses the SIMPLE algorithm to iteratively solve the coupled flow control equations. After the solution is completed, it outputs a spatiotemporal dataset containing velocity, pressure, temperature, and pollutant concentration fields, and extracts the concentration time series of key protection points. S52. Determine whether the simulated concentration value of each critical protection point exceeds its maximum allowable pollutant concentration at any time based on the concentration time series. If it exceeds the maximum allowable pollutant concentration, record it as a violation event; otherwise, no action is taken. S53, Receive the spatiotemporal datasets of the pressure field and velocity field from the output, and extract the set of spatial attributes from the BIM model, and select the appropriate attributes based on the spatial attributes. Adjacent space pairs Extracting from the pressure field the contents located in space and The pressure values ​​of the key protection points in the time series are used to obtain the pressure array. and Calculate the time-averaged pressure difference of this space pair during the simulation steady-state phase. ,in , This represents the set of time periods after the simulation has reached a stable state. express Total number of time steps Indicates time medium space The spatial average pressure of all internal protection points Indicates time medium space The spatial average pressure at all internal protection points; S54, will With the preset minimum pressure difference If a comparison is made, If so, the space is deemed non-compliant with pressure differential regulations.

8. The method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, S5 specifically includes the following steps: S55. Identify connection spaces in hybrid computational grids and For triangular patches of the portal type, the velocity vector time series of all triangular patches during the steady-state phase are extracted from the velocity field. For each time step, the net mass flow rate through all patches is calculated, its direction is determined, and the velocity vectors during the steady-state period are statistically analyzed. Inside, the direction of net mass flow is Flow direction The proportion of the time step to the total time step; if the proportion is lower than the set threshold, it is determined that the airflow direction of the portal is non-compliant. S56. Select all the remaining adjacent space pairs in sequence and perform the same operation. After traversal, output a list of all space pairs with non-compliant pressure difference and a list of all portals with non-compliant airflow direction. S57. Compile a list of all violations, non-compliant pressure differential space pairs, and non-compliant airflow direction portals, and output a performance optimization suggestion report for the air conditioning system through the rules engine.

9. The method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, S6 specifically includes the following steps: S61. After receiving the air conditioning system performance optimization suggestion report, perform natural language processing on the full text of the report. Through the preset keyword library and grammar rules, automatically identify and extract all performance optimization suggestion items. After semantic parsing each identified item, convert it into a structured instruction containing operation type, target location and parameter value. S62. Call the topology network of the air conditioning system in the BIM building model. For each structured instruction, start from its target location and recursively backtrack in the topology network. Each instruction generates a corresponding path chain. S63. Perform physical verification on each key pipe segment in the path chain, calculate the new design indicators in the air conditioning system based on the parameter values ​​in the instruction, calculate the actual operating indicators under the specified operating conditions for each duct segment in the path chain based on its current size, and compare it with the limit value allowed by the specification. If the actual indicator value exceeds the limit value, automatically calculate the minimum pipe diameter that meets the requirements based on the new design indicators and pipe shape. For instructions involving structural adjustments, calculate the new load and determine its optimal connection point and related parameters. S64. After completing the theoretical calculation, call the coordination model generated by integrating and lightweighting the BIM building model, statistically verify all the proposed duct sections, put their new theoretical geometric shape into the coordination model, calculate the minimum spatial distance between the proposed duct section and all other objects in the scene, and record any situation that is less than the preset installation spacing as a spatial conflict, and associate the object identifiers of the conflicting parties with the conflict position coordinates.

10. The method for integrated optimization and construction control of air conditioning system pipelines based on BIM technology according to claim 9, characterized in that, S6 further includes the following steps: S65. Activate the automatic pipeline routing planner. The planner takes the coordinates of the conflict location as the starting point, treats the existing pipelines and structures in the surrounding area as three-dimensional obstacles, and performs a heuristic search within the available building space under the premise of meeting the pipeline process constraints. It generates multiple collision-free alternative routes and performs a comprehensive evaluation based on the cost function. Finally, it outputs the modified duct route plan. S66. Based on the final geometric dimensions, material properties and medium weight of the duct to be changed, recalculate its load distribution, obtain the layout and bearing capacity of the existing supports of the duct to be changed, compare the new load distribution with the bearing capacity of the existing supports, and identify all support points that need to be adjusted. S67. For support points that need to be adjusted, on the adjacent load-bearing structure, based on the load capacity data provided by the structural model in the BIM building model, automatically optimize and determine the new support point location and the required support model and specifications. S68. All geometric changes are synchronously output as incremental files of the BIM building model. This file records all additions, deletions and modifications relative to the original model and is directly merged into the main design model to form an optimized design scheme.

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