Environmental radiation data acquisition terminal

Abstract

The invention discloses an environmental radiation data acquisition terminal, and relates to the technical field of environmental radiation monitoring, a core control board is independently designed based on an embedded system main control chip, the redundancy function of a traditional industrial personal computer is abandoned, data acquisition and uploading core tasks are focused, and the stability of an operation system is improved. Terminal software adopts a mode of'modular design + protocol library expansion ', in the application process of the environmental radiation data acquisition terminal, corresponding data acquisition modules can be configured for hardware interfaces according to actual needs, and corresponding data monitoring equipment models and communication protocols are configured for the data acquisition modules, so that flexible application under standardization is realized, and the data acquisition efficiency is improved. The production, debugging and maintenance cost is reduced; when the data monitoring equipment is newly added or replaced, compatibility can be realized only by upgrading the corresponding data acquisition module or updating the communication protocol library, the whole software architecture does not need to be modified, and the compatibility, the stability and the universality of the environmental radiation data acquisition terminal are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental radiation monitoring technology, and in particular to an environmental radiation data acquisition terminal. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, environmental radiation monitoring systems play a crucial role in nuclear power and nuclear industry settings. Their core function is to monitor the real-time radiation levels inside and around the nuclear power plant during normal operation and under accident conditions. Timely and accurate acquisition of environmental radiation monitoring data is essential for protecting nuclear power plant workers and surrounding residents from radiation hazards, maintaining ecological safety, and ensuring the stable operation of the nuclear power plant. Furthermore, it provides irreplaceable reference value for nuclear power plant fault diagnosis, accident cause analysis, and the development of follow-up response plans.

[0003] In existing technologies, suppliers of environmental radiation monitoring systems for the nuclear industry and nuclear power plants, to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of monitoring data acquisition, generally adopt the following hardware approach for environmental radiation data acquisition terminals: Each environmental monitoring substation is equipped with an Industrial Personal Computer (IPC), which is responsible for acquiring and uploading data from all monitoring devices at that substation. The IPC typically runs a Windows operating system, and prioritizes using its built-in serial ports. If the number of built-in serial ports is insufficient for connecting multiple devices, the number of serial ports is increased using a USB-to-serial module or a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) serial expansion card. The network port uses the IPC's built-in RJ45 port, and data uploading is achieved in two ways: one is through a wired network connected via a fiber optic transceiver, and the other is through a wireless 4G network connected via a 4G Data Transfer Unit (DTU) module. On the software side, dedicated data acquisition and uploading software is developed on industrial control computers. The software identifies the hardware interface type, calls the communication protocol that matches the monitoring equipment, completes data acquisition, and then uploads the data to the central station through the aforementioned network method.

[0004] However, the types and quantities of monitoring equipment vary among different environmental monitoring substations, resulting in differences in the actual number of serial ports used and the number of extended serial ports on the industrial control computers of each substation. Equipment software settings must be adjusted individually according to the needs of each substation, making it impossible to create a unified, standardized product and increasing production, debugging, and maintenance costs. Furthermore, the existing solution relies entirely on dedicated software running on the industrial control computer for compatibility with different communication protocols. When the communication protocol of the monitoring equipment changes (e.g., the manufacturer updates the protocol version) or new equipment using the new protocol is added, the dedicated software needs to be redeveloped and upgraded. Therefore, the existing environmental radiation data acquisition terminals have poor stability and versatility. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an environmental radiation data acquisition terminal to address the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides an environmental radiation data acquisition terminal, comprising: Includes: core control board, communication module, and display module; The core control board is a main control chip equipped with an embedded system, which has multiple independent hardware interfaces on its board; each hardware interface is used to connect to the communication module, the display module and various data monitoring devices. The embedded system is equipped with terminal software, which includes a data acquisition layer, a data processing layer, and a data display layer. The data acquisition layer includes multiple independent modular data acquisition modules; the data acquisition layer has a built-in communication protocol library for various data detection devices, and the data acquisition modules are used to obtain the raw data collected by the corresponding data monitoring devices from the hardware interface based on the communication protocol matched in the communication protocol library; The data processing layer is used to preprocess, encapsulate, and store raw data, as well as to upload data through the communication module; The data display layer includes a display module and a parameter setting module; the display module is used to display raw data; the parameter setting module is used to display the parameter configuration interface to the terminal administrator and respond to the terminal administrator's operations to configure parameters. The parameter configuration interface is used to prompt the terminal administrator to configure data acquisition modules for each hardware interface, and to configure the corresponding data monitoring device model and communication protocol for the data acquisition module; when the communication protocol used by the data monitoring device is not included in the communication protocol library, the parameter configuration interface is used to prompt the terminal administrator to update the corresponding data acquisition module separately or update the communication protocol library.

[0007] Optionally, the data acquisition module is also used to identify the model of the data monitoring device connected to the corresponding hardware interface and match the corresponding communication protocol from the communication protocol library.

[0008] Optionally, each of the data acquisition modules includes: The environmental gamma monitor acquisition module is used to acquire gamma dose rate data collected by the environmental gamma monitor. The spectrometer acquisition module is used to acquire energy spectrum data collected by the energy spectrum device; The meteorological data acquisition module is used to acquire wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, air pressure, and precipitation data collected by meteorological monitoring equipment. The aerosol and iodine sampling module is used to obtain the sampling flow rate and sampling time of the aerosol sampler and the iodine sampler. The C-14 sampling acquisition module is used to obtain the sampling flow rate and sampling time of the C-14 sampler. The H-3 sampling acquisition module is used to obtain the sampling flow rate and sampling time of the H-3 sampler.

[0009] Optionally, the main control chip includes a first storage device as a normal data database and a second storage device as a supplementary data database; The data processing layer includes: a data processing module, a data upload module, a data storage module, and a data retransmission module; The data processing module is used to preprocess the raw data by performing packet data validity verification, data integrity check, and data format standardization, and then encapsulates the data after preprocessing to obtain communication packets. The data upload module is used to upload communication packets to the central station through the communication module, receive the reply results from the central station, and transmit the reply results and communication packets synchronously to the data storage module. The data storage module is used to store the communication packet in the normal data database when the reply result is that the data was successfully received; and to store the communication packet in the retransmission data database when the reply result is that the data was not received or there is no reply result, and to record the original data acquisition time, the number of times the corresponding communication packet was uploaded and the reason for the failure. The data retransmission module is used to retrieve the retransmission data database during communication downtime and re-upload the corresponding communication packets according to the original data acquisition time sequence. If the re-upload is successful, the corresponding communication packet is migrated to the normal data database and the corresponding record is deleted. If multiple re-uploads fail, the corresponding communication packet is marked as "pending manual processing". The marking is used to prompt the terminal administrator to handle it manually.

[0010] Optionally, the hardware interface includes a wired network port; the communication module includes a 4G / 5G module and a BeiDou module; The data upload module is used to first upload communication packets through a wired network port. If the wired network is interrupted, it switches to a 4G / 5G network and uploads the communication packets based on the 4G / 5G module. If the 4G / 5G network is interrupted, it switches to the BeiDou short message network and uploads the communication packets through the BeiDou module.

[0011] Optionally, the display module is used to display the acquired raw data in real time using at least one of dashboard, numbers, and curves, and to display the communication status and data upload status of each communication link. The parameter configuration interface is also used to prompt the terminal administrator to configure parameters such as the raw data collection frequency, data upload frequency, data anomaly alarm threshold, and update time window of the collection module and / or communication protocol library.

[0012] Optionally, the data display layer further includes: a data query module; The data query module is used to respond to users' data query operations. It performs data queries based on the collection time range of the original data, the type of data monitoring equipment, and the data upload status, and displays the query response results through the display module. The data upload status is used to indicate whether the communication packet corresponding to the original data was uploaded successfully or failed to upload.

[0013] Optionally, the data acquisition module and / or communication protocol library can be updated via OTA (Over-The-Air) upgrade.

[0014] Optionally, a watchdog program is deployed in the embedded system, which is used to automatically reset when an abnormality is detected in the embedded system.

[0015] The above-mentioned at least one technical solution adopted in this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: This invention features a core control board independently designed based on an embedded system main control chip. It eliminates the redundant functions of traditional industrial control computers, focusing instead on the core tasks of data acquisition and uploading, thus improving the stability of the operating system. Based on this, the terminal software adopts a "modular design + protocol library expansion" approach. During the application of the environmental radiation data acquisition terminal, corresponding data acquisition modules can be configured for each hardware interface according to actual needs, and corresponding data monitoring device models and communication protocols can be configured for each data acquisition module. This achieves flexible application under standardization, reducing production, debugging, and maintenance costs. When adding or replacing data monitoring devices, compatibility can be achieved simply by upgrading the corresponding data acquisition module or updating the communication protocol library, without modifying the overall software architecture. This improves the compatibility, stability, and versatility of the environmental radiation data acquisition terminal. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal components of a multifunctional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the software composition of a multifunctional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the data processing layer logic of a multifunctional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal software provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0019] Currently, in the existing nuclear industry and nuclear power plant environmental radiation monitoring systems, environmental monitoring substations, as the core front-end for data acquisition, need to establish communication connections with various monitoring devices to obtain monitoring data. Their data acquisition scenarios have the following significant characteristics: 1. Diverse types of monitoring equipment: The data to be collected and uploaded to the central station covers multiple dimensions, including radiation monitoring data such as environmental gamma dose rate and energy spectrum, meteorological data such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, rainfall, and air pressure, sampling equipment data such as aerosol sampling and iodine sampling, indoor temperature and humidity data, power supply status, access control switch status, etc., and these monitoring devices usually come from different manufacturers.

[0020] 2. Inconsistent hardware interfaces and communication protocols: Monitoring equipment from different manufacturers differs in its hardware communication interfaces. Common interface types include RS-485 serial port, RS-232 serial port, RJ45 electrical port, and USB interface. At the same time, the corresponding communication protocols also vary. The mainstream protocols include Modbus-RTU protocol, Modbus-TCP protocol, and Modbus-ASCII protocol. Some manufacturers also use custom protocols or MQTT protocol.

[0021] 3. Harsh on-site operating environment: The environmental monitoring substations are all unattended, and their building structures are mainly divided into three categories: modular units, outdoor cabinets, and rented civilian buildings. Furthermore, the substations are mostly located in remote areas surrounding nuclear power plants. These areas present uncertainties in terms of power supply stability (such as voltage fluctuations and temporary power outages) and environmental conditions (such as high temperature, low temperature, high humidity, dust, and corrosive gases), placing extremely high demands on the reliability of the equipment operation.

[0022] Currently, to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of monitoring data collection, suppliers of environmental radiation monitoring systems for the nuclear industry and nuclear power plants generally adopt the following approach: configure an industrial control computer at each environmental monitoring substation, which is responsible for collecting and uploading data from all monitoring equipment at that substation.

[0023] The specific implementation method of this solution is as follows: Hardware configuration: The industrial PC typically runs on a Windows operating system. The built-in serial port is used preferentially. If the number of built-in serial ports is insufficient for connecting multiple devices, a USB-to-serial module or a PCI serial port expansion card can be used to increase the number of serial ports. The network port uses the built-in RJ45 port of the industrial PC. Data transmission is achieved in two ways: one is through a fiber optic transceiver connected to a wired network, and the other is through a 4G-DTU module connected to a wireless 4G network.

[0024] Software configuration: Dedicated data acquisition and uploading software is developed on an industrial control computer. The software identifies the hardware interface type, calls the communication protocol that matches the monitoring equipment, completes data acquisition, and then uploads the data to the central station through the aforementioned network method.

[0025] The disadvantages of existing technologies are as follows: 1. Poor operational stability: Under harsh on-site environmental conditions, industrial PCs exhibit weak overall stability, especially when running Windows operating systems. They are prone to crashes or freezes due to system vulnerabilities, memory overflows, and hardware compatibility conflicts. Once the industrial PC stops running, data acquisition and uploading are completely interrupted, resulting in data loss. Furthermore, current industrial PCs lack a self-monitored watchdog timer function, making automatic reset impossible in case of system malfunctions and hindering long-term stable operation.

[0026] 2. Low product standardization: The types and quantities of monitoring equipment in different environmental monitoring substations vary, resulting in different actual and extended serial port numbers on the industrial control computers of each substation. The hardware configuration and software settings of the equipment need to be adjusted separately according to the needs of the substation, making it impossible to form a unified standardized product, which increases production, debugging and maintenance costs.

[0027] 3. Poor equipment compatibility: The existing solution relies entirely on dedicated software running on the industrial control computer for compatibility with different communication protocols. When the communication protocol of the monitoring equipment changes (such as when the manufacturer updates the protocol version) or when new equipment using the new protocol is added, the dedicated software needs to be redeveloped and upgraded. Furthermore, the upgrade process may affect the stability of the original functions, making it impossible to form a long-term stable software version.

[0028] 4. High power consumption: Industrial control computers generally have high power consumption (usually above 50W). Under the current requirement of nuclear power plants for "7-day backup power" for environmental monitoring substations, larger capacity and more batteries need to be configured to meet backup power needs. This not only increases the equipment procurement cost, but also increases the workload and difficulty of on-site battery replacement and maintenance.

[0029] 5. Low integration of communication redundancy: To cope with the failure of the main communication link, the environmental monitoring substation usually needs to be configured with a backup communication method. The mainstream backup methods are wireless 4G / 5G communication and Beidou short message communication. However, in the existing solution, these two backup communication methods are implemented by external modules (such as independent 4G / 5G modules and Beidou short message modules), which are not integrated with the industrial control computer. This results in an increase in the overall size of the equipment, complicated wiring, and easy compatibility problems between modules.

[0030] 6. Does not support remote OTA upgrades: OTA upgrades are a key technology for remotely updating device software. However, in the existing solution, the software upgrade of the industrial control computer of the environmental radiation monitoring substation requires maintenance personnel to go to the site to operate, which not only increases the maintenance cost, but may also delay the upgrade progress due to factors such as inconvenient on-site transportation and bad weather, affecting system function updates and fault repair.

[0031] 7. Lack of battery status monitoring function: The existing solution can only determine whether the mains power supply is normal through a simple circuit. It cannot monitor the key status parameters of the battery in real time, such as battery current, remaining capacity, load power, remaining charge percentage, and remaining load power supply time. At the same time, it does not support remote operation and maintenance of the battery (such as remote charge and discharge test, remote power on, and remote power off). Maintenance personnel cannot accurately grasp the health status of the battery, and it is difficult to predict battery failure in advance, which may lead to the failure of the backup power function.

[0032] To address the numerous problems existing in the data acquisition and uploading process of current environmental radiation data acquisition terminals, this invention aims to simplify the structure and operation process of environmental radiation data acquisition terminals, achieve compatibility and adaptation with radiation monitoring equipment from multiple manufacturers, and ensure that environmental monitoring station data acquisition equipment can continuously and uninterruptedly complete the acquisition and uploading of environmental radiation monitoring data, whether in normal environments or abnormal environments caused by natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods. Ultimately, this will improve the overall stability and equipment compatibility of environmental radiation monitoring systems in nuclear power and nuclear industry.

[0033] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the core objective of this invention is to design a multifunctional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal, specifically addressing the following technical problems: 1. Improve equipment operational stability, avoid data acquisition interruptions due to harsh environments or system anomalies, and ensure uninterrupted 24-hour operation.

[0034] 2. Improve product standardization, form a unified hardware structure and software framework, and reduce production and maintenance costs.

[0035] 3. Enhance equipment compatibility, enabling adaptation to monitoring equipment from multiple manufacturers and using multiple protocols, without requiring large-scale software modifications when adding or replacing equipment.

[0036] 4. Reduce equipment power consumption, reduce battery configuration requirements, and lower backup power costs and maintenance difficulty.

[0037] 5. Improve the integration of communication redundancy by integrating the backup communication module with the terminal into a single design, simplifying the equipment structure and wiring.

[0038] 6. Enable remote OTA software upgrades, reduce on-site maintenance workload, and speed up system updates and fault repairs.

[0039] 7. Added battery status monitoring function to obtain key battery parameters in real time and support remote operation and maintenance, ensuring reliable backup power function.

[0040] This invention first explains some of the terms involved: Modbus-RTU protocol: A serial communication protocol that uses binary data format for transmission. It is suitable for short-distance, high-reliability data transmission in industrial settings and is commonly found in RS-485 and RS-232 interface devices.

[0041] Modbus-TCP protocol: A communication protocol based on TCP / IP networks that encapsulates the Modbus protocol within TCP packets. It is suitable for device communication in Ethernet environments and is commonly found in RJ45 network port devices.

[0042] Modbus-ASCII protocol: A serial communication protocol that uses ASCII code format to transmit data. It has high readability but lower transmission efficiency than Modbus-RTU. It is suitable for scenarios with high requirements for data readability.

[0043] MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a lightweight publish / subscribe communication protocol suitable for low-bandwidth, high-latency network environments, and is commonly used for data transmission in IoT devices.

[0044] Industrial Personal Computer (IPC): A type of computer designed specifically for industrial scenarios. It features anti-interference and wide-temperature operation, but typically has high power consumption and large size.

[0045] OTA (Over-the-Air) upgrade: A technology that enables remote software updates for devices via wireless or wired networks, allowing upgrades to be completed without physical contact with the device.

[0046] Watchdog Timer: A timer used to monitor the operating status of a system. If the system crashes or the program malfunctions, the watchdog will trigger a system reset to restore the device to normal operation.

[0047] 4G-DTU (Data Transfer Unit): A data transmission unit based on a 4G network that can convert serial port data into 4G network data, enabling wireless communication between the device and a remote platform.

[0048] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] The multifunctional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal described in this invention is applied to the environmental radiation monitoring system of the nuclear industry and nuclear power plants. Its core function is to collect raw data from all monitoring equipment of the environmental monitoring substation, store the data, perform quality control and format encapsulation, and then upload the data to the central station of the environmental radiation monitoring system at a preset frequency. It also supports data query, parameter setting and equipment status monitoring.

[0050] Regarding hardware interfaces, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal components of a multifunctional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal according to the present invention. The hardware structure of this multifunctional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal adopts a modular design, mainly including a core control board, communication modules (BeiDou module and 4G / 5G module) and a display screen.

[0051] The core control board is a main control chip equipped with an embedded system, and it has a variety of independent hardware interfaces. Each hardware interface is used to connect to the communication module, display module and various data monitoring devices.

[0052] The embedded system is equipped with terminal software, which includes a data acquisition layer, a data processing layer, and a data display layer.

[0053] The data acquisition layer includes multiple independent, modularly designed data acquisition modules. The data acquisition layer has a built-in communication protocol library for various data detection devices. The data acquisition modules are used to obtain the raw data collected by the corresponding data monitoring devices from the hardware interface based on the communication protocol matched in the communication protocol library.

[0054] The data processing layer is used to preprocess, encapsulate, and store raw data, as well as to upload data through the communication module.

[0055] The data display layer includes a display module and a parameter setting module; the display module is used to display raw data through a display screen; the parameter setting module is used to display a parameter configuration interface to the terminal administrator through a display screen and respond to the terminal administrator's operations to configure parameters.

[0056] The parameter configuration interface prompts the terminal administrator to configure data acquisition modules for each hardware interface and to configure the corresponding data monitoring device model and communication protocol for the data acquisition module. When the communication protocol used by the data monitoring device is not included in the communication protocol library, the parameter configuration interface prompts the terminal administrator to update the corresponding data acquisition module separately or update the communication protocol library.

[0057] In addition, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, the environmental radiation data acquisition terminal may also include a power supply module, an externally configured 2U standard rack-mount chassis, and an indicator light panel, aviation socket, RJ45 network port, HDMI port, USB port, etc.

[0058] Core control board: Developed based on an embedded system (such as Rockchip RK3568), it is the "core brain" of the terminal, responsible for controlling the coordinated work of various modules and handling tasks such as data acquisition, data processing, and command issuance. It has multiple native hardware interfaces, including RS-232 serial port, RS-485 serial port, and RJ45 network port, and each interface is independent to avoid signal interference. It also integrates a self-supervised watchdog module. When the system crashes or the program malfunctions, the watchdog can automatically trigger a system reset to restore the device to normal operation.

[0059] Beidou Module: Integrates Beidou short message communication function as one of the backup communication links of the terminal. When wired network and 4G / 5G network are interrupted, short message data transmission with the central station is realized through Beidou satellite to ensure that data is not lost in extreme cases.

[0060] 4G / 5G module: Integrates wireless 4G / 5G communication functions, serving as the secondary communication link for the terminal. When the wired network is interrupted, it automatically switches to the 4G / 5G network to upload data, ensuring communication continuity.

[0061] Power module: It adopts a DC-12V power supply design and has a wide voltage input range (such as 8V-16V) to adapt to on-site power fluctuations; it also integrates power status monitoring and battery management functions, which can collect battery voltage, current and other data in real time, and support the charging and discharging control of the battery and the execution of remote operation and maintenance commands.

[0062] External interfaces and indicator lights: Aviation socket: Used to connect RS-232 and RS-485 serial port devices, it is waterproof and dustproof, and suitable for harsh outdoor environments.

[0063] RJ45 network port connector: Used for connecting to wired networks, supporting 10 / 100 / 1000Mbps adaptive speed.

[0064] HDMI dock: Used to connect external display devices (such as monitors) for easy viewing of data and configuration parameters on-site.

[0065] USB dock: Used for field data export, software debugging, or connecting external USB devices.

[0066] Indicator panel: Includes power indicator, operation indicator, status indicator for each communication link (wired, 4G / 5G, Beidou), and battery status indicator. The device's operating status is displayed intuitively through different colors (red, green, yellow) and flashing frequencies.

[0067] Hardware advantages include: high integration: core control, communication and power management functions are integrated into one unit, eliminating the need for external modules and significantly reducing the size and weight of the device.

[0068] High reliability: It adopts industrial-grade components and has a wide operating temperature range (such as -40℃ to 70℃), adapting to harsh environments such as high temperature, low temperature, and high humidity.

[0069] Low power consumption: The embedded architecture and optimized power management design ensure that the maximum power consumption of the whole machine does not exceed 5W, which is only 1 / 10 of that of traditional industrial control computers, significantly reducing the need for backup power.

[0070] In terms of software architecture, the software of the multi-functional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal adopts a layered architecture design, such as... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the software composition of a multifunctional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal in this invention. It is divided into three layers: data acquisition layer, data processing layer, and data display layer. Each layer is independent of each other but works together to ensure the flexibility and scalability of the software functions.

[0071] The multi-functional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal software consists of three layers: a data acquisition layer, a data processing layer, and a data display layer. The functions and modules included in each layer are as follows: Data Acquisition Layer: Used for acquiring environmental radiation monitoring data, including environmental gamma monitor acquisition module, spectrometer acquisition module, meteorological data acquisition module, aerosol and iodine acquisition module, C-14 sampling acquisition module, H-3 sampling acquisition module, and switch quantity acquisition module.

[0072] Data processing layer: Processes the collected environmental radiation monitoring data, stores, encapsulates and uploads the data, and includes a data processing module, a data storage module, a data upload module and a data retransmission module.

[0073] Data display layer: Displays the collected real-time data and queries historical data. It allows setting parameters for the multi-functional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal and includes a real-time display module, a parameter setting module, and a data query module.

[0074] The data acquisition layer serves as the software's "data entry point," responsible for collecting raw data from various monitoring devices at the environmental monitoring substation via hardware interfaces. It employs a modular and configurable design, with each interface corresponding to an independent acquisition module. These modules are independent of each other, and adding, deleting, or updating a module does not affect the operation of other modules. The composition, functionality, and compatibility design of the data acquisition layer modules are shown below:

[0075] The module composition and functions of the data acquisition layer: Environmental gamma monitor acquisition module: Collects gamma dose rate data from the environmental gamma monitor at user-preset frequencies, is compatible with at least 3 mainstream manufacturers / models of environmental gamma monitors, and supports automatic identification of device models and matching of corresponding communication protocols.

[0076] Spectrometer acquisition module: Acquires energy spectrum data (such as gamma energy spectrum counts, spectral data files, etc.) from the energy spectrum equipment at preset frequencies, is compatible with at least 3 manufacturers / models of spectrometer equipment, and supports real-time parsing and format conversion of spectral data.

[0077] Meteorological data acquisition module: Collects data such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, air pressure, and precipitation from meteorological monitoring equipment at preset frequencies, and is compatible with mainstream meteorological equipment communication protocols (such as Modbus-RTU and custom meteorological protocols).

[0078] Aerosol and Iodine Collection Module: Collects data such as sampling flow rate and sampling time of aerosol sampler and iodine sampler at a preset frequency, is compatible with sampling equipment from at least 3 manufacturers / models, and supports alarms for abnormal sampling processes (such as abnormal flow rate).

[0079] C-14 Sampling Acquisition Module: Collects data such as sampling flow rate and sampling duration of the C-14 sampler at a preset frequency, is compatible with at least 3 manufacturers / models of C-14 sampling equipment, and supports the associated storage of sampling data and sample information.

[0080] H-3 Sampling Acquisition Module: Collects data such as sampling flow rate and sampling time of H-3 sampler at a preset frequency, is compatible with at least 3 manufacturers / models of H-3 sampling equipment, and supports the associated storage of sampling data and sample information;

[0081] Switch quantity acquisition module: Acquires the on / off status of switch quantities such as access control switches, equipment power switches, and alarm trigger switches at a preset frequency, and supports custom switch quantity names and status thresholds (e.g., "access control closed" is 1, "access control open" is 0).

[0082] In terms of compatibility design, the data acquisition layer has a built-in communication protocol library for common monitoring devices. Users can select the corresponding device model and protocol for each acquisition channel through the parameter setting interface. If the field device uses a communication protocol that is not built-in, it can be upgraded remotely via OTA or on-site via USB. Only the protocol code of the corresponding acquisition module needs to be updated without modifying other modules, thus achieving rapid adaptation to new devices.

[0083] For the data processing layer, which is the "data hub" of the software, it is responsible for quality control, format encapsulation, storage, and uploading of the raw data acquired by the data acquisition layer. The processing logic is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the data processing layer logic of a multifunctional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal software in this invention, ensuring data accuracy, integrity, and transmission reliability. The composition and functions of the data processing layer module are as follows:

[0084] Data processing module: Performs quality control on raw data, including data validity verification (such as removing outliers that exceed reasonable limits), data integrity check (such as determining whether there is missing data), and data format standardization (converting non-standard data formats from different devices into a unified data format). After processing, it is packaged into a communication packet that meets the requirements of the central station.

[0085] Data Upload Module: Responsible for uploading standardized communication packets to the central station, employing a three-tiered automatic switching mechanism of "primary-secondary-backup" communication links. It prioritizes the wired network (RJ45 port). If the wired network is interrupted (determined by network heartbeat detection), it automatically switches to the 4G / 5G network; if the 4G / 5G network is also interrupted, it automatically switches to the BeiDou short message network. The data upload frequency can be customized within the range of 1 second to 300 seconds, with a default setting of 30 seconds. After upload, it receives reply commands from the central station (such as "data received successfully," "data format error," etc.) and synchronously transmits the reply result along with the communication packet to the data storage module.

[0086] Data storage module: Adopts a dual-database design, consisting of a normal data database and a retransmission data database. If the central station replies with "data received successfully," the communication packet is stored in the normal data database for at least the last 5 years. If the reply is "data received failed" or there is no reply (e.g., communication interruption), the communication packet is stored in the retransmission data database, while simultaneously recording the original data acquisition time, the number of times the corresponding communication packet was uploaded, and the reason for the failure.

[0087] Data retransmission module: Monitors the communication link status in real time, automatically retrieves data from the retransmission data database during communication idle periods (i.e., non-real-time upload periods), and re-uploads the corresponding communication packets in the order of "oldest first, newest last" (the chronological order of the original data collection time). If the re-upload is successful, the communication packet is migrated from the retransmission data database to the normal data database and the corresponding record is deleted. If multiple re-uploads fail (e.g., 10 consecutive times), the corresponding communication packet is marked as "pending manual processing," and this marking is used to prompt the terminal administrator to handle it manually.

[0088] The data display layer serves as the software's "human-computer interaction window," providing a visual interface and supporting local access (via an external monitor connected via HDMI). This facilitates user viewing of data, configuration of parameters, and troubleshooting. The components and functions of the data display layer module are shown below:

[0089] Real-time display module: Using dashboards, numbers, curves, etc., it displays the collected data of all monitoring devices in the environmental monitoring substation in real time, and also displays the status of each communication link, battery status, and data upload status.

[0090] Parameter setting module: Provides access control functions. Administrators can configure key terminal parameters on this interface, including acquisition channel configuration (such as enabling / disabling a serial port), channel device selection (specifying the monitoring device model for each channel), channel protocol matching (selecting the corresponding communication protocol), data acquisition frequency, data upload frequency, data anomaly alarm threshold, and OTA upgrade settings (such as selecting the update time window for the acquisition module and / or communication protocol library).

[0091] Data query module: Supports querying historical data by collection time range, data monitoring device type, and data upload status (such as "normal data" or "supplementary data"). Supports data export (such as exporting to Excel or CSV format) and printing. The accuracy of historical data query is down to the second.

[0092] Software advantages: High scalability: Layered architecture and modular design support the rapid addition of data acquisition modules and functional modules to adapt to future changes in monitoring equipment and business needs.

[0093] High reliability: Data quality control and dual-database storage mechanism ensure that data is not lost or tampered with; three-level communication link switching and automatic retransmission function ensure the continuity of data transmission.

[0094] Ease of use: The intuitive visual interface and simple operation process lower the operating threshold for on-site maintenance personnel; remote OTA upgrades and parameter configuration reduce the workload of on-site maintenance.

[0095] This invention features a core control board independently designed based on an embedded system main control chip. It eliminates the redundant functions of traditional industrial control computers, focusing instead on the core tasks of data acquisition and uploading, thus improving the stability of the operating system. Based on this, the terminal software adopts a "modular design + protocol library expansion" approach. During the application of the environmental radiation data acquisition terminal, corresponding data acquisition modules can be configured for each hardware interface according to actual needs, and corresponding data monitoring device models and communication protocols can be configured for each data acquisition module. This achieves flexible application under standardization, reducing production, debugging, and maintenance costs. When adding or replacing data monitoring devices, compatibility can be achieved simply by upgrading the corresponding data acquisition module or updating the communication protocol library, without modifying the overall software architecture. This improves the compatibility, stability, and versatility of the environmental radiation data acquisition terminal.

[0096] The core of this invention lies in overcoming the limitations of traditional industrial control computer solutions and developing a multifunctional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal that balances compatibility, stability, low power consumption, and convenient operation and maintenance. Specific innovations are as follows: Embedded architecture and self-supervised design enhance stability: The core control board is independently designed based on the embedded system main control chip, eliminating the redundant functions of traditional industrial control computers and focusing on the core tasks of data acquisition and uploading; at the same time, a self-supervised watchdog module is added, which automatically resets when the system malfunctions, solving the problems of easy downtime and lack of automatic recovery function of traditional industrial control computers, and ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0097] Modular and compatible design adapts to equipment from multiple manufacturers: The software adopts a "modular configuration + protocol library expansion" approach, with each acquisition channel corresponding to an independent module and a built-in communication protocol library for multiple manufacturers' equipment; when adding or replacing equipment, compatibility can be achieved simply by upgrading the corresponding module or adding protocol code, without modifying the overall software architecture, thus solving the problems of poor compatibility and high upgrade costs of traditional solutions.

[0098] Remote OTA upgrades simplify operation and maintenance: Supports remote OTA upgrades of software through a central station, and can be performed during communication downtime (such as at night) to avoid affecting data collection; During the upgrade process, "breakpoint resume" and "rollback mechanism" are adopted. If the upgrade fails, it can be automatically restored to the original version, solving the problems of traditional solutions that require on-site upgrades and have high operation and maintenance costs.

[0099] Battery status full parameter monitoring and remote operation and maintenance: Integrates battery management functions, collects key parameters such as battery current, capacity, load, and remaining power supply time in real time, and displays them intuitively through the data display layer; supports remote issuance of charge and discharge test, power-on and power-off commands, and operation and maintenance personnel can remotely monitor the battery health status and carry out preventive maintenance, solving the problems of traditional solutions lacking battery monitoring and high backup power risk.

[0100] Standardized hardware structure and independent interface design: It adopts a 2U standard rack-mount chassis, and the external interfaces are all industrial standard interfaces such as aviation plugs, RJ45, and HDMI, which facilitates installation and replacement; the core control board is equipped with multiple native independent serial ports, each of which is isolated from each other to avoid signal interference, thus solving the problems of low hardware standardization and interface interference in traditional solutions.

[0101] Ultra-low power consumption design reduces backup power requirements: Based on embedded architecture and optimized power management, the maximum power consumption of the whole machine does not exceed 5W, which is only 1 / 10 of that of traditional industrial control computers; under the requirement of "7-day backup power", the required battery capacity and number are greatly reduced, reducing equipment procurement and maintenance costs, and solving the problems of high power consumption and high backup power pressure of traditional solutions.

[0102] Integrated communication redundancy: The 4G / 5G module, Beidou short message module and terminal hardware are integrated into one design, eliminating the need for external modules; it supports automatic switching of wired, 4G / 5G and Beidou three-level communication links to ensure that data is not lost in extreme cases, solving the problems of low communication redundancy integration and complex wiring in traditional solutions.

[0103] Based on the above technical solutions and core inventive points, the multifunctional environmental radiation data acquisition terminal of the present invention has the following significant advantages: High compatibility: The hardware is equipped with multiple interfaces such as RS-232, RS-485, and RJ45, and the software has a built-in communication protocol library for multiple manufacturers' equipment. It can collect various monitoring data from environmental gamma monitors, energy dispersive spectroscopy equipment, meteorological equipment, aerosol and iodine sampling equipment, C-14 sampling equipment, H-3 sampling equipment, etc. Each type of equipment is compatible with at least 3 models / manufacturers. The equipment and protocols can be matched through software settings to adapt to the equipment configuration requirements of different substations.

[0104] Highly standardized: It adopts a 2U standard rack-mount chassis, and the external interfaces and internal modules all follow industry standards, which can directly replace traditional industrial control computers; the hardware structure and software architecture are unified, and the terminals of different substations only need to adjust the parameter configuration to be put into use, which facilitates mass production and standardized operation and maintenance.

[0105] Strong stability and high reliability: Based on embedded system development, equipped with self-supervised watchdog and industrial-grade components, it is adaptable to a wide temperature range of -40℃ to 70℃ and can operate continuously for 24 hours; three-level communication link switching, dual database storage and automatic retransmission function ensure uninterrupted data acquisition and no data loss during transmission.

[0106] Ultra-low power consumption: The maximum power consumption of the whole machine does not exceed 5W. It adopts DC-12V power supply. Under the same backup power days requirement, the required battery capacity is only 1 / 10 of that of traditional industrial control computers; reducing the number of batteries, reducing equipment weight and maintenance workload, and saving backup power costs.

[0107] Ease of maintenance: Supports remote OTA upgrades without on-site operation; full-parameter monitoring of battery status and remote maintenance functions can predict battery failures in advance; visualized data display and historical data query functions facilitate fault diagnosis and data analysis; the overall design reduces the number of on-site maintenance operations, reducing the labor intensity and maintenance costs of maintenance personnel.

[0108] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof in this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, that is, in addition to the elements listed in this invention, other elements not expressly listed may also be included.

[0109] The various embodiments in this invention are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0110] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmental radiation data acquisition terminal, characterized in that, include: Core control board, communication module, and display screen; The core control board is a main control chip equipped with an embedded system, and it has multiple independent hardware interfaces on board. Each hardware interface is used to connect to the communication module, display module, and various data monitoring devices; The embedded system is equipped with terminal software, which includes a data acquisition layer, a data processing layer, and a data display layer. The data acquisition layer consists of multiple independent, modularly designed data acquisition modules; The data acquisition layer has a built-in communication protocol library for various data detection devices. The data acquisition module is used to obtain the raw data collected by the corresponding data monitoring device from the hardware interface based on the communication protocol matched in the communication protocol library. The data processing layer is used to preprocess, encapsulate, and store raw data, as well as to upload data through the communication module; The data display layer includes a display module and a parameter setting module; the display module is used to display raw data through a display screen; the parameter setting module is used to display a parameter configuration interface to the terminal administrator through a display screen and respond to the terminal administrator's operations to configure parameters. The parameter configuration interface is used to prompt the terminal administrator to configure data acquisition modules for each hardware interface, and to configure the corresponding data monitoring device model and communication protocol for the data acquisition module; when the communication protocol used by the data monitoring device is not included in the communication protocol library, the parameter configuration interface is used to prompt the terminal administrator to update the corresponding data acquisition module separately or update the communication protocol library.

2. The environmental radiation data acquisition terminal as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition module is also used to identify the model of the data monitoring device connected to the corresponding hardware interface and match the corresponding communication protocol from the communication protocol library.

3. The environmental radiation data acquisition terminal as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned data acquisition modules includes: The environmental gamma monitor acquisition module is used to acquire gamma dose rate data collected by the environmental gamma monitor. The spectrometer acquisition module is used to acquire energy spectrum data collected by the energy spectrum device; The meteorological data acquisition module is used to acquire wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, air pressure, and precipitation data collected by meteorological monitoring equipment. The aerosol and iodine sampling module is used to obtain the sampling flow rate and sampling time of the aerosol sampler and the iodine sampler. The C-14 sampling acquisition module is used to obtain the sampling flow rate and sampling time of the C-14 sampler. The H-3 sampling acquisition module is used to obtain the sampling flow rate and sampling time of the H-3 sampler.

4. The environmental radiation data acquisition terminal as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main control chip includes a first storage device as a normal data database and a second storage device as a supplementary data database. The data processing layer includes: a data processing module, a data upload module, a data storage module, and a data retransmission module; The data processing module is used to perform data validity verification, data integrity check, and data format standardization preprocessing on the raw data, and to encapsulate the data after preprocessing to obtain a communication packet; The data upload module is used to upload communication packets to the central station through the communication module, receive the reply results from the central station, and transmit the reply results and communication packets synchronously to the data storage module. The data storage module is used to store the communication packet in the normal data database when the reply result is that the data was successfully received; and to store the communication packet in the retransmission data database when the reply result is that the data was not received or there is no reply result, and to record the original data acquisition time, the number of times the corresponding communication packet was uploaded and the reason for the failure. The data retransmission module is used to retrieve the retransmission data database during communication downtime and re-upload the corresponding communication packets according to the original data acquisition time sequence. If the re-upload is successful, the corresponding communication packet is migrated to the normal data database and the corresponding record is deleted. If multiple re-uploads fail, the corresponding communication packet is marked as "pending manual processing". The marking is used to prompt the terminal administrator to handle it manually.

5. The environmental radiation data acquisition terminal as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The hardware interface includes a wired network port; the communication module includes a 4G / 5G module and a BeiDou module; The data upload module is used to first upload communication packets through a wired network port. If the wired network is interrupted, it switches to a 4G / 5G network and uploads the communication packets based on the 4G / 5G module. If the 4G / 5G network is interrupted, it switches to the BeiDou short message network and uploads the communication packets through the BeiDou module.

6. The environmental radiation data acquisition terminal as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The display module is used to display the acquired raw data in real time using at least one of the following forms: dashboard, numbers, and curves, and to display the communication status and data upload status of each communication link. The parameter configuration interface is also used to prompt the terminal administrator to configure parameters such as the raw data collection frequency, data upload frequency, data anomaly alarm threshold, and update time window of the collection module and / or communication protocol library.

7. The environmental radiation data acquisition terminal as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The data display layer also includes: a data query module; The data query module is used to respond to users' data query operations. It performs data queries based on the collection time range of the original data, the type of data monitoring equipment, and the data upload status, and displays the query response results through the display module. The data upload status is used to indicate whether the communication packet corresponding to the original data was uploaded successfully or failed to upload.

8. The environmental radiation data acquisition terminal as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition module and / or communication protocol library are updated via OTA (Over-The-Air) upgrade.

9. The environmental radiation data acquisition terminal as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The embedded system is equipped with a watchdog program, which is used to automatically reset the embedded system when an abnormality is detected.

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