Magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method and system based on amplification forwarding

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method and system based on amplification forwarding, which are applied to a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system comprising N magnetic induction coils, the first coil is a transmitting coil, the second coil to the (N-1) th coil are relay forwarding coils, and the Nth coil is a target receiving coil. The method comprises the following steps: transmitting a signal to a second coil through a first coil, and after the second coil receives the signal, amplifying the signal by adopting an amplification forwarding protocol and forwarding the signal to a next coil until an Nth coil receives the signal from an (N-1) th coil, calculating channel state information of each hop in the (N-1)-hop link and a receiving signal-to-noise ratio of a subsequent coil based on an equivalent circuit model; obtaining an expression of the outage probability and the average bit error rate under the condition of high signal-to-noise ratio based on the statistical distribution characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio; and solving the optimal transmitting power and the optimal deployment position of the first coil to the (N-1) th coil by taking the minimization of the outage probability and / or the average bit error rate as a target.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more specifically, to a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method and system based on amplification and forwarding. Background Technology

[0002] With the expansion of human living space and the development of modern industrial production, the development and utilization of underground and underwater resources have received increasing attention. To ensure the orderly operation of industrial production in extreme environments such as underground and underwater, real-time monitoring of personnel, equipment, and environmental changes in these scenarios is necessary. Specific requirements include soil and water quality testing, mine detection, pipeline inspection, natural disaster early warning, and post-disaster emergency communication. To meet these application needs, the development of wireless communication technologies for extreme scenarios is urgently required. Unlike traditional wireless communication that uses air as the propagation medium, extreme scenarios contain a large amount of rock, soil, and water. The conductivity and dielectric constant of these media typically vary significantly and are time-varying, resulting in severe attenuation of electromagnetic wave signals and highly unstable channel states during propagation. Compared to electromagnetic waves, magnetic induction communication in underground and underwater environments offers advantages such as more stable channel response, negligible multipath effects, and lower equipment costs, making magnetic induction communication technology a promising application in extreme scenarios.

[0003] Due to the limitations of near-field magnetic induction communication, the transmission distance of single-hop magnetic induction communication is very limited. As a common technique for extending the transmission range, the method of constructing a multi-hop magnetic induction transmission network by deploying relays between the transmitter and receiver can effectively overcome the angle-selective fading of the magnetic induction channel by providing relay diversity gain, and realize long-distance reliable communication based on magnetic induction in extreme environments.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method and system based on amplification and forwarding, which solves the problems of limited communication distance and low reliability caused by near-field induction communication method and angle-selective fading of magnetic induction channel in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address at least one defect or improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method and system based on amplification and forwarding, which solves the problems of limited communication distance and low reliability caused by near-field induction communication and angle-selective fading of magnetic induction channels.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding is provided, applied to a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system comprising N magnetic induction coils, wherein the first coil is a transmitting coil, the second to (N-1)th coils are relay coils, and the Nth coil is a target receiving coil; the method includes: transmitting a signal from the first coil to the second coil; after the second coil receives the signal, amplifying it using an amplification and forwarding protocol and forwarding it to the next coil, in this manner until the Nth coil receives the signal from the (N-1)th coil; calculating the channel state information of each hop in the (N-1)th hop link and the received signal-to-noise ratio of subsequent coils based on the equivalent circuit model of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system; obtaining expressions for the outage probability and average bit error rate of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions based on the statistical distribution characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio; and jointly solving for the optimal transmit power and optimal deployment location of the first to (N-1)th coils under the constraints of total system power and total transmission distance, with the goal of minimizing the outage probability and / or the average bit error rate.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, obtaining the expressions for the outage probability and average bit error rate of the system under high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions based on the statistical distribution characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) includes: establishing channel state information expressions for each hop link based on the equivalent circuit model; establishing a statistical model of the channel state based on the channel state information expressions, assuming that the pointing of each coil follows a uniform distribution in three-dimensional space; obtaining the received SNR expressions for each relay coil and target coil, and an approximate expression for the received SNR of the Nth coil under high SNR conditions, based on the channel state information expressions and the system noise power; solving for the cumulative distribution function expression of the received SNR of the Nth coil under high SNR conditions based on the statistical model and the approximate expression for the received SNR of the Nth coil under high SNR conditions; and calculating the expressions for the outage probability and average bit error rate based on the cumulative distribution function expression.

[0008] In one exemplary embodiment, the expression for the interruption probability is:

[0009] in, For interruption probability, This is the hop count exponent for a magnetically inductive multi-hop transmission system. The receive channel ratio threshold, For signal frequency, This represents the channel distribution coefficient of each hop link in a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system.

[0010] In one exemplary embodiment, the expression for the average bit error rate is:

[0011] in, The average bit error rate, This is the hop count exponent for a magnetically inductive multi-hop transmission system. and The first and second coefficients are related to the modulation order and modulation method. For signal frequency, This represents the channel distribution coefficient of each hop link in a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system.

[0012] In one exemplary embodiment, the first Channel state information expression for hop links for: ,

[0013] in, and The first The coil and the first The intrinsic impedance of each coil; For the first The coil and the first Mutual inductance between coils For the coil load resistance, For signal frequency, It is the hop count exponent for a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, the signal-to-noise ratio of the total received signal of the Nth coil, which serves as the target receiving coil, is expressed as follows:

[0015] in, For the first The received signal-to-noise ratio of each coil, The signal-to-noise ratio of the total received signal;

[0016] in, For the first Channel state information of hop links, For the first Each coil's transmission power, This represents noise power.

[0017] In one exemplary embodiment, the first The signal-to-noise ratio of each coil The probability density function expression for: ,

[0018] The cumulative distribution function expression of the total received signal-to-noise ratio of the target receiving coil when the Nth coil is the target coil. for: .

[0019] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system based on amplification and relay is also provided, comprising: N magnetic induction coils, arranged sequentially and operating in half-duplex mode, wherein the first coil is configured as a transmitting coil, the second to (N-1)th coils are configured as amplification relay coils, and the Nth coil is configured as a target receiving coil; a control module, communicatively connected to the N magnetic induction coils, configured to transmit a signal from the first coil to the second coil, and after the second coil receives the signal, amplify it using an amplification and relay protocol and forward it to the next coil, and so on until the Nth coil... N coils receive signals from the (N-1)th coil; based on the equivalent circuit model of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system, calculate the channel state information of each hop in the N-1 hop link and the received signal-to-noise ratio of the subsequent coils; based on the statistical distribution characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio, obtain expressions for the outage probability and average bit error rate of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions; with the goal of minimizing the outage probability and / or the average bit error rate, under the constraints of the total system power and total transmission distance, jointly solve for the optimal transmit power and optimal deployment position of the 1st to N-1th coils.

[0020] According to a third aspect of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, wherein a computer program is stored therein, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the above-described magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding when it is run.

[0021] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the above-described magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding via the computer program.

[0022] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding. A multi-hop magnetic induction communication system composed of N magnetic induction coils operating in half-duplex mode is designed to utilize the amplification and forwarding effect of multi-hop active relays to provide relay diversity and combat the angle-selective fading of the magnetic induction channel. Based on this, an equivalent circuit model of the multi-hop magnetic induction communication system is established according to Kirchhoff's laws for equivalent channel state analysis. Based on the channel state information of the multi-hop magnetic induction communication system, the outage probability and bit error rate performance of the system are analyzed. Furthermore, by minimizing the outage probability and bit error rate, a joint optimization scheme for system power allocation and relay location is established to fully exploit the spatial diversity provided by cooperative relays, suppress the angle-selective fading of the magnetic induction channel, and effectively improve the communication distance and reliability of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of an optional magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an optional magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit model of an optional magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the performance comparison of the interruption probability of an optional magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system provided in this application embodiment; Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the average bit error rate performance comparison of an optional magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system provided in this application embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an optional electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0026] The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0027] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and relay is provided, applied to a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system including N magnetic induction coils, wherein the first coil is a transmitting coil, the second to N-1 coils are relay coils, and the Nth coil is a target receiving coil. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 1 This application describes a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding provided in its embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an optional magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the process of this method may include the following steps: S102, a signal is transmitted from the first coil to the second coil. After the second coil receives the signal, it is amplified and forwarded to the next coil using an amplification and forwarding protocol. This process continues until the Nth coil receives the signal from the N-1th coil. S104, Based on the equivalent circuit model of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system, calculate the channel state information of each hop in the N-1 hop link and the received signal-to-noise ratio of the subsequent coil. S106, Based on the statistical distribution characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio, the expressions for the interruption probability and average bit error rate of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions are obtained; S108, with the goal of minimizing the interruption probability and / or the average bit error rate, under the constraints of the total system power and total transmission distance, jointly solve the optimal transmit power and optimal deployment position of the 1st to N-1th coils.

[0029] This invention provides a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding, applicable to magnetic induction multi-hop transmission systems; such as... Figure 2As shown, the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system includes: N magnetic induction coils operating in half-duplex mode; wherein, the first coil is the transmitting coil, the second to the (N-1)th coils are amplification relay coils, and the Nth coil is the target coil; the relay coils use an amplification and forwarding protocol to amplify the signal received from the previous coil and forward it to the next coil, thus constructing a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission based on amplification and forwarding.

[0030] For example, the first coil transmits a signal to the second coil. After receiving the signal from the first coil, the second coil uses an amplification and forwarding protocol to forward it to the next coil, and so on. Finally, after being amplified and forwarded by the (N-1)th coil, the Nth coil receives the signal as the target coil.

[0031] For example, the transmit power and deployment location of the first to N-1 coils are determined in the following manner: Based on the equivalent circuit relationship of the N-1 hop link between the first coil and the Nth coil, the received voltage of the second coil to the Nth coil is obtained.

[0032] Specifically, the system transmits signals at a frequency of 100 MHz. Coil parameters include: area of The inductance is The capacitance is The intrinsic resistance is The load resistance is The intrinsic impedance is . No. The coil and the first The distance between the coils is The dielectric conductivity is Magnetic permeability is , No. The coil and the first The angular mismatch coefficient between the coils is The mutual inductance coefficient is For media with low conductivity, the mutual inductance coefficient is .

[0033] According to the The coil to the first The coil transmits a signal, the first... The transmit signal voltage of each coil is The emission current is The transmission power is ;No. The receiving current of each coil is , No. The coil and the first The mutual inductance between the coils is According to Kirchhoff's laws, the first The coil and the first The voltage and current relationship between the coils is as follows:

[0034]

[0035] According to the The coil and the first The voltage and current between the coils can be used to obtain the first coil. coil load The received voltage is: ,

[0036] in, For the first The coil and the first Between the coils Channel state information of hop links, For the first The received Gaussian white noise of each coil. The amplification gain coefficient of each coil is , No. The receiving voltage of each coil The relationship between the amplified emission voltage and the amplified emission voltage is as follows: .

[0037] Channel estimation is performed based on the received voltages from the 2nd coil to the Nth coil, thereby deriving the channel state information expression for the N-1 hop link between the 1st coil and the Nth coil.

[0038] Optionally, the first The coil and the first Between the coils The channel state information expression for the hop link (i.e., the first hop link) Channel state information expression for hop links )for: ,

[0039] in, and The first The coil and the first The intrinsic impedance of each coil; For the first The coil and the first Mutual inductance between coils For the first The load resistance of each coil.

[0040] Based on the channel state information expression of the N-1 hop link between the 1st coil and the Nth coil, the received signal-to-noise ratio expressions for the 2nd coil to the Nth coil are obtained respectively.

[0041] Optionally, the first Jumping into the first The signal-to-noise ratio expression for the received coils is as follows: , For the first Each coil has a transmit power. To receive noise power. And with the Nth coil as the target coil, the received signal-to-noise ratio is... .

[0042] Based on the channel state information expression of the N-1 hop link between the 1st coil and the Nth coil, the probability density function expression of the received signal-to-noise ratio of the 2nd coil to the Nth coil is derived, and the cumulative distribution function expression of the received signal-to-noise ratio of the Nth coil under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions is obtained.

[0043] For magnetic induction multi-hop transmission methods based on amplification and forwarding, the channels for each hop are independent. Generally, the magnetic induction coils rotate due to environmental changes and active motion. When the transmitting and receiving coils both follow a uniform distribution in 3D space, the first... Jumping into the first The signal-to-noise ratio of each coil The PDFs (probability density functions) are as follows: , in, .

[0044] According to the Jumping into the first The signal-to-noise ratio of each coil PDF, You can get CDF is Furthermore, based on the received signal-to-noise ratio of the Nth coil as the target coil... There is an approximate relationship under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions. You can get The expression for CDF (cumulative distribution function) .

[0045] Based on the probability density function expression of the signal-to-noise ratio received by the Nth coil under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions, the interruption probability and average bit error rate of the multi-hop magnetic induction communication system are derived.

[0046] Optionally, the expression for the interruption probability is:

[0047] in, For interruption probability, This is the hop count exponent for a magnetically inductive multi-hop transmission system. The receive channel ratio threshold, For signal frequency, This represents the channel distribution coefficient of each hop link in a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system.

[0048] Specifically, based on the method for calculating the interruption probability of a multi-hop magnetic induction communication system, for a given received signal-to-noise ratio threshold... The system interruption probability is calculated as follows: Based on the approximate expression for the received signal-to-noise ratio of the Nth coil as the target coil under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions. ,as well as CDF expression The interruption probability expression for a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission communication system based on amplification and forwarding can be obtained as follows: .

[0049] Optionally, the expression for the average bit error rate is:

[0050] in, The average bit error rate, This is the hop count exponent for a magnetically inductive multi-hop transmission system. and The first and second coefficients are related to the modulation order and modulation method. For signal frequency, This represents the channel distribution coefficient of each hop link in a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system.

[0051] Based on the bit error rate calculation method of multi-hop magnetic induction communication systems, the approximate relationship of the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) under high SNR conditions is as follows: [The original text appears to be incomplete and requires further context for accurate translation.] The average bit error rate of the system can be obtained. ,in and These are coefficients related to the modulation order and modulation scheme. According to... CDF expression The average bit error rate expression for a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission communication system based on amplification and forwarding can be obtained as follows: .

[0052] By minimizing the interruption probability and average bit error rate of the multi-hop magnetic induction communication system, the transmit power and deployment location of the first to N-1 coils are obtained.

[0053] To achieve joint optimization of coil deployment location and power allocation, and improve the communication distance and reliability of the amplification-relay-based magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system, an optimization problem is constructed to minimize the system outage probability and average bit error rate while satisfying system power constraints and deployment distance constraints. To maximize the communication distance, all amplification relay coils are deployed on the line connecting the 1st and Nth coils, i.e., all coils are located on the same straight line, thus subject to coil position constraints. , For the first Jumping into the first The coil and the first The distance between the coils This represents the total distance from the 1st coil to the Nth coil. The transmit power of all coils satisfies the power constraint. , For the first The transmitting power of each coil, Let be the total system power. For ease of problem construction, the system outage probability and average bit error rate need to be rewritten in the following form:

[0054]

[0055] ,

[0056] ,

[0057] in, These are physical quantities related to the intrinsic parameters of the coil.

[0058] Give the transmit power vector and deployment location optimization vector An optimization problem can be constructed:

[0059] ,

[0060] This problem is a convex problem, and the optimal solution is... , ,in This result indicates that when all nodes have the same When the node parameters are different, the optimal power allocation and relay deployment method is equal power allocation and equal distance deployment; when the node parameters are different, equal power allocation and equal distance deployment will no longer be the optimal solution.

[0061] Optionally, the method for obtaining the interruption probability and average bit error rate of a multi-hop magnetic induction communication system includes the following steps: Based on the equivalent circuit relationship of the N-1 hop link from the 1st coil to the Nth coil, the expression for the received voltage from the 2nd coil to the Nth coil is obtained, and the expression for the channel state information of the N-1 hop link from the 1st coil to the Nth coil is obtained. Based on the channel state information expression of the N-1 hop link from the 1st coil to the Nth coil, a statistical model of the channel state is derived when the coil directions all follow a uniform distribution in 3D space. Based on the received voltage expressions of the second to Nth coils and the noise power spectral density, the received signal-to-noise ratio expressions of the second to Nth coils are obtained, as well as the approximate expression for the received signal-to-noise ratio of the Nth coil under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions. Based on the approximate expression for the received signal-to-noise ratio of the Nth coil under high signal-to-noise ratio, and using the statistical model of the N-1 hop link channel state from the 1st coil to the Nth coil, the cumulative distribution function expression for the received signal-to-noise ratio of the Nth coil under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions is obtained. Based on the probability density function expression of the signal-to-noise ratio received by the Nth coil under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions, the interruption probability and average bit error rate of the multi-hop magnetic induction communication system are derived.

[0062] Through steps S102 to S108, a signal is transmitted from the first coil to the second coil. After the second coil receives the signal, it is amplified and forwarded to the next coil using an amplification and forwarding protocol, until the Nth coil receives the signal from the (N-1)th coil. The channel state information of each hop in the N-1 hop link and the received signal-to-noise ratio of subsequent coils are calculated based on the equivalent circuit model. Based on the statistical distribution characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio, expressions for the outage probability and average bit error rate under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions are obtained. With the goal of minimizing the outage probability and / or average bit error rate, the optimal transmit power and optimal deployment position of the first to N-1th coils are solved. This solves the problem of limited communication distance and low reliability caused by near-field induction communication and angle-selective fading of the magnetic induction channel, and improves the communication distance and communication reliability of the system.

[0063] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system based on amplification and forwarding is also provided, comprising: N magnetic induction coils are arranged sequentially and operate in half-duplex mode. The first coil is configured as a transmitting coil, the second to the (N-1)th coils are configured as amplification relay coils, and the Nth coil is configured as a target receiving coil. The N coils are deployed in a straight line. The control module is communicatively connected to the N magnetic induction coils and is configured to transmit a signal from the first coil to the second coil. After the second coil receives the signal, it amplifies it using an amplification and forwarding protocol and forwards it to the next coil, and so on until the Nth coil receives the signal from the (N-1)th coil. Based on the equivalent circuit model of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system, the channel state information of each hop in the N-1 hop link and the received signal-to-noise ratio of the subsequent coil are calculated. Based on the statistical distribution characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio, expressions for the interruption probability and average bit error rate of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions are obtained. With the goal of minimizing the interruption probability and / or the average bit error rate, and under the constraints of total system power and total transmission distance, the optimal transmit power and optimal deployment location of the 1st to N-1th coils are jointly solved.

[0064] In this embodiment, there are a total of 5 magnetic induction coils. Coil 1 is the source coil, with a radius of 0.25m and an area of ​​[missing information]. Number of turns The intrinsic resistance is The coil load resistance is Coils 2, 3, and 4 are amplification relay coils with a radius of 0.1m and an area of ​​[missing information]. , , Number of turns , , The intrinsic resistance is , , The coil load resistance is , , Coil 5 is the target coil, with a radius of 0.25m and an area of... Number of turns The intrinsic resistance is The coil load resistance is The permeability is 1. The noise power is The resonant (operating) frequencies are all If all coils operate in a resonant state, then there is an intrinsic impedance. , , , , The intrinsic parameters of the coil are:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] The distance between the first coil and the fifth coil is Without optimizing the coil placement, if the coils are deployed at equal intervals, then the distance between the first coil and the second coil is... The distance between the second and third coils is The distance between the 3rd coil and the 4th coil is The distance between the 4th coil and the 5th coil is The system's total transmit power is Without optimizing the coil's transmitting power, and assuming equal power distribution among the coils, the coil power will be... , , , .

[0068] Equivalent circuit model of multi-hop magnetic induction communication system as follows Figure 3 As shown.

[0069] Furthermore, according to one aspect of this embodiment, a statistical channel model for a magnetic induction multi-hop communication system based on amplification and forwarding is provided, comprising the following two steps: (1) Based on the given coil parameters and equivalent circuit model, the channel distribution coefficient of each hop in the multi-hop magnetic induction communication system is obtained:

[0070]

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] Thus, the probability density functions of the received signal-to-noise ratio for each hop link are obtained as follows: ,

[0074] ,

[0075] ,

[0076] ,

[0077] (2) Based on the probability density function of the signal-to-noise ratio of each link, the cumulative distribution function of the total received signal-to-noise ratio of the Nth coil in the magnetic induction multi-hop communication system under high signal-to-noise ratio is obtained:

[0078] Preferably, the process involves calculating the outage probability and average bit error rate of a multi-hop magnetic induction communication system, and determining the coil deployment location and power to minimize the system outage probability and bit error rate, comprising the following three steps: (1) The outage probability and average bit error rate of the multi-hop magnetic induction communication system under unoptimized conditions are obtained as a comparison scheme, as follows:

[0079]

[0080] (2) Based on the intrinsic parameters of the coil, the system interruption probability and average bit error rate are given as follows:

[0081]

[0082] (3) Construct a joint optimization problem of coil deployment location and power, as follows:

[0083] ,

[0084] ,

[0085] in, For transmit power vector and Optimize vectors for deployment locations.

[0086] Furthermore, the solution to the joint optimization problem of coil deployment location and power with the objective of minimizing system outage probability and bit error rate is given, namely the optimal coil deployment scheme and power allocation scheme, which includes the following three steps: (1) Solve the joint optimization problem of coil deployment location and power, and obtain the optimal solution as follows:

[0087] ,

[0088] ,

[0089] ,

[0090] ,

[0091] (2) Based on the optimal coil deployment location and power allocation scheme, the channel distribution coefficient of each hop link in the multi-hop magnetic induction communication system is obtained:

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] (3) Based on the optimal coil deployment location and power allocation scheme, the interruption probability and average bit error rate of the multi-hop magnetic induction communication system under optimized conditions are obtained:

[0096]

[0097] The results from this example show that the outage probability and average bit error rate under the unoptimized scheme are higher than those under the optimized scheme, which verifies that the proposed joint optimization scheme of magnetic induction multi-hop transmission relay deployment and power allocation based on amplification and forwarding can effectively improve the reliability of multi-hop magnetic induction communication system. Figure 4 The system outage probability performance of the proposed scheme and the comparative scheme is compared under different total system power. The comparison results show that the outage probability of the proposed scheme is always lower than that of the comparative scheme under different total system power. Figure 5 The paper presents a comparison of the average bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed and comparative schemes under different total system power levels. The results show that as the total system power increases, the BER of both schemes gradually decreases. However, the proposed scheme, based on amplification and forwarding, with joint optimization of magnetic induction multi-hop relay deployment location and power allocation, consistently maintains a lower BER. These results validate the superiority of the proposed scheme.

[0098] In summary, this invention provides a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding, and gives a joint optimization scheme for relay deployment location and power allocation. This scheme can fully exploit the spatial diversity gain provided by cooperative relays, suppress the angle-selective fading of the magnetic induction channel, and effectively improve the reliability of the multi-hop magnetic induction communication system.

[0099] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a storage medium is also provided. Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium can be used to execute the program code of any of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission methods based on amplification and forwarding described in the embodiments of this application.

[0100] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium is configured to store program code for performing the following steps: S1, a signal is transmitted from the first coil to the second coil. After the second coil receives the signal, it is amplified and forwarded to the next coil using an amplification and forwarding protocol. This process continues until the Nth coil receives the signal from the (N-1)th coil. S2, based on the equivalent circuit model of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system, calculate the channel state information of each hop in the N-1 hop link and the received signal-to-noise ratio of the subsequent coil; S3. Based on the statistical distribution characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio, the expressions for the interruption probability and average bit error rate of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions are obtained. S4, with the goal of minimizing the interruption probability and / or the average bit error rate, under the constraints of the total system power and total transmission distance, jointly solve for the optimal transmit power and optimal deployment position of the 1st to N-1th coils.

[0101] Optionally, specific examples in this embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0102] The computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, any type of disk, including floppy disks, optical disks, DVDs, CD-ROMs, microdrives, as well as magneto-optical disks, ROMs, RAMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, DRAMs, VRAMs, flash memory devices, magnetic cards or optical cards, nanosystems (including molecular memory ICs), or any type of medium or device suitable for storing instructions and / or data.

[0103] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, an electronic device for implementing the above-described magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding is also provided. The electronic device may be a server, a terminal, or a combination thereof.

[0104] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optional electronic device according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it includes a processor 602, a communication interface 604, a memory 606, and a communication bus 608. The processor 602, communication interface 604, and memory 606 communicate with each other via the communication bus 608. Memory 606 is used to store computer programs; When processor 602 executes a computer program stored in memory 606, it performs the following steps: S1, a signal is transmitted from the first coil to the second coil. After the second coil receives the signal, it is amplified and forwarded to the next coil using an amplification and forwarding protocol. This process continues until the Nth coil receives the signal from the (N-1)th coil. S2, based on the equivalent circuit model of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system, calculate the channel state information of each hop in the N-1 hop link and the received signal-to-noise ratio of the subsequent coil; S3. Based on the statistical distribution characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio, the expressions for the interruption probability and average bit error rate of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions are obtained. S4, with the goal of minimizing the interruption probability and / or the average bit error rate, under the constraints of the total system power and total transmission distance, jointly solve for the optimal transmit power and optimal deployment position of the 1st to N-1th coils.

[0105] Optionally, the communication bus can be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. This communication bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 6 The symbol is represented by a single thick line, but this does not indicate that there is only one bus or one type of bus. The communication interface is used for communication between the aforementioned electronic device and other devices.

[0106] Memory may include RAM or non-volatile memory. Volatile memory, for example, at least one disk storage device. Alternatively, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0107] The processors mentioned above can be general-purpose processors, including but not limited to: CPU (Central Processing Unit), NP (Network Processor), etc.; they can also be DSP (Digital Signal Processor), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0108] Optionally, specific examples in this embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0109] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0110] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0111] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which may include: a flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc.

[0112] The foregoing description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure shall still fall within the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of embodiments of this disclosure upon considering the specification and practicing the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not described herein. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of this disclosure are defined by the claims.

[0113] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0114] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding, characterized in that, A method is applied to a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system comprising N magnetic induction coils, wherein the first coil is a transmitting coil, the second to (N-1)th coils are relay coils, and the Nth coil is a target receiving coil; the method includes: The signal is transmitted from the first coil to the second coil. After the second coil receives the signal, it is amplified and forwarded to the next coil using an amplification and forwarding protocol. This process continues until the Nth coil receives the signal from the N-1th coil. Based on the equivalent circuit model of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system, the channel state information of each hop in the N-1 hop link and the received signal-to-noise ratio of the subsequent coil are calculated. Based on the statistical distribution characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio, expressions for the interruption probability and average bit error rate of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions are obtained. With the goal of minimizing the interruption probability and / or the average bit error rate, and under the constraints of total system power and total transmission distance, the optimal transmit power and optimal deployment location of the 1st to N-1th coils are jointly solved.

2. The magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The expressions for the outage probability and average bit error rate of the system under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions, based on the statistical distribution characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio, include: Based on the equivalent circuit model, establish the channel state information expression for each hop link; Based on the aforementioned channel state information expression, a statistical model of the channel state is established under the condition that the directions of each coil follow a uniform distribution in three-dimensional space. Based on the channel state information expression and system noise power, the received signal-to-noise ratio expressions for each relay coil and target coil are obtained, as well as the approximate expression for the received signal-to-noise ratio of the Nth coil under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions. Based on the statistical model and the approximate expression for the signal-to-noise ratio received by the Nth coil under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions, the cumulative distribution function expression for the signal-to-noise ratio received by the Nth coil under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions is solved. Based on the cumulative distribution function expression, the expressions for the interruption probability and the average bit error rate are calculated respectively.

3. The magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The expression for the interruption probability is: in, For interruption probability, This is the hop count exponent for a magnetically inductive multi-hop transmission system. For the received channel ratio threshold, For signal frequency, This represents the channel distribution coefficient of each hop link in a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system.

4. The magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The expression for the average bit error rate is: in, The average bit error rate, This is the hop count exponent for a magnetically inductive multi-hop transmission system. and The first and second coefficients are related to the modulation order and modulation method. For signal frequency, This represents the channel distribution coefficient of each hop link in a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system.

5. The magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding according to claim 4, characterized in that, No. Channel state information expression for hop links for: ， in, and The first The coil and the first The intrinsic impedance of each coil; For the first The coil and the first Mutual inductance between coils For the coil load resistance, For signal frequency, It is the hop count exponent for a magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system.

6. The magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding according to claim 4, characterized in that, The expression for the signal-to-noise ratio of the total received signal when the Nth coil is used as the target receiving coil is: in, For the first The received signal-to-noise ratio of each coil, The signal-to-noise ratio of the total received signal; in, For the first Channel state information of hop links, For the first Each coil's transmission power, This represents noise power.

7. The magnetic induction multi-hop transmission method based on amplification and forwarding according to claim 6, characterized in that, No. The signal-to-noise ratio of each coil The probability density function expression for: ， The cumulative distribution function expression of the total received signal-to-noise ratio of the target receiving coil when the Nth coil is the target coil. for: 。 8. A magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system based on amplification and forwarding, characterized in that, include: N magnetic induction coils are set up sequentially and operate in half-duplex mode, wherein the first coil is configured as a transmitting coil, the second to the (N-1)th coils are configured as amplification relay coils, and the Nth coil is configured as a target receiving coil; The control module is communicatively connected to the N magnetic induction coils and is configured to transmit a signal from the first coil to the second coil. After the second coil receives the signal, it amplifies it using an amplification and forwarding protocol and forwards it to the next coil, and so on until the Nth coil receives the signal from the (N-1)th coil. Based on the equivalent circuit model of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system, the channel state information of each hop in the N-1 hop link and the received signal-to-noise ratio of the subsequent coil are calculated. Based on the statistical distribution characteristics of the received signal-to-noise ratio, expressions for the interruption probability and average bit error rate of the magnetic induction multi-hop transmission system under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions are obtained. With the goal of minimizing the interruption probability and / or the average bit error rate, and under the constraints of total system power and total transmission distance, the optimal transmit power and optimal deployment location of the 1st to N-1th coils are jointly solved.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein the program, when executed, performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that, The memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 through the computer program.

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