Display panel
By designing a lens structure with a length greater than its width in the display panel and using a surface shape defined by a specific formula, the problem of dark corners on the display screen was solved, achieving uniform light distribution and improving the display effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BOE TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
When the privacy mode is activated on the passenger-side screen, the four corners of the display become dark, affecting the viewing experience.
The display panel design adopts a first light-emitting unit and a first lens structure with corresponding settings. The length of the lens structure is greater than its width, and the surface shape is defined by a specific formula to adjust the light distribution and improve the problem of dark corners.
By optimizing the lens structure design, the light attenuation at the four corners of the display screen was improved, the display effect was enhanced, the light distribution was ensured to be uniform, and the darkening phenomenon at the four corners was eliminated.
Smart Images
Figure CN121985687A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and more specifically, to a display panel. Background Technology
[0002] In related technologies, when the privacy mode is enabled on the passenger-side screen, although the driver cannot see the screen from their perspective, thus achieving the privacy effect, the passenger-side view will see that the four corners of the screen are darkened.
[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a display panel that can improve the phenomenon of dark corners of the display screen.
[0005] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a display panel is provided having a plurality of first light-emitting units; each first light-emitting unit has a correspondingly disposed first light-emitting element and a first lens structure;
[0006] The display panel has a substrate and a pixel layer, an encapsulation layer and a light control layer stacked sequentially on the substrate. The pixel layer has the first light-emitting element and the light control layer has the first lens structure.
[0007] The length of the first lens structure is greater than the width of the first lens structure; the light emitted by the first light-emitting element exits through the first lens structure.
[0008] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the surface of the first lens structure satisfies the following formula:
[0009] z = a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4
[0010] Wherein, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first lens structure in the first direction, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first lens structure in the second direction, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer and a point on the surface of the first lens structure.
[0011] In one embodiment of this disclosure, a1 = 0.1; a2 = 0.000105; b1 = 0.012; b2 = 0.0012; c1 = 0; c2 = 0.000000535.
[0012] In one embodiment of this disclosure, a1 = 0.015; a2 = 0.00165; b1 = 0.18; b2 = 0.0012; c1 = 0.000112; c2 = 0.
[0013] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the first lens structure includes a first sub-lens structure and a second sub-lens structure; the second sub-lens structure is located on the side of the first sub-lens structure away from the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure on the substrate.
[0014] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the distance between the edge of the second sub-lens structure and the edge of the first sub-lens structure is equal.
[0015] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the surface of the first sub-lens structure satisfies the following formula:
[0016] z = a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4
[0017] Wherein, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure in the first direction, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure in the second direction, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure;
[0018] The surface of the second sub-lens structure satisfies the following formula:
[0019] z = a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4
[0020] Wherein, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure in the first direction, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure in the second direction, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure.
[0021] In one embodiment of this disclosure, in the first sub-lens structure, a1 = 0.0072; a2 = 0.0008321; b1 = 0.0872; b2 = 0.00072; c1 = 0; c2 = -0.00001015;
[0022] In the second sub-lens structure, a1 = 0.015; a2 = 0.00165; b1 = 0.18; b2 = 0.0012; c1 = 0.000112; c2 = 0.
[0023] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the display panel further has a black matrix;
[0024] The black matrix is located on the side of the first lens structure away from the encapsulation layer; or, the black matrix is located between the encapsulation layer and the first lens structure.
[0025] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the display panel further includes a plurality of second light-emitting units;
[0026] The viewing angle of the second light-emitting unit in the row direction is greater than that of the first light-emitting unit in the row direction.
[0027] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description
[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.
[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0039] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the light path of the first lens structure in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0041] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0042] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0043] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0044] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the light path of the first lens structure in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0045] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0046] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0047] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0048] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0049] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0050] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the light path of the first lens structure in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0051] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of a light-emitting display panel in related technologies.
[0052] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the light emission display of the display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0053] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation
[0054] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore detailed descriptions of them will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0055] Although relative terms such as "up" and "down" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another, these terms are used only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples shown in the accompanying drawings. It is understood that if the device of the icon is flipped upside down, the component described as "up" will become the component described as "down." When a structure is "up" of another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" mounted on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" mounted on the other structure through another structure.
[0056] The terms “a,” “one,” “the,” and “the” are used to indicate the existence of one element / component / etc.; the terms “including” and “having” are used to indicate an open-ended meaning of inclusion and that there may be other elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms “first,” “second,” etc. are used only as markers and are not a limitation on the number of objects.
[0057] Structural layer A is located on the side of structural layer B that faces away from the substrate BP. This can be understood as structural layer A being formed on the side of structural layer B that faces away from the substrate BP. When structural layer B is a patterned structure, some structures of structural layer A may also be located at the same physical height as structural layer B or at a lower physical height than structural layer B, where the substrate BP serves as the height reference.
[0058] In one embodiment of this disclosure, a display panel PNL is proposed. In this example, the display panel PNL in this disclosure can be any product or component with display function, such as an OLED display panel PNL, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display panel PNL, a tablet computer, a flexible display device, a television set, an automotive display screen, and a monitor. In this example, the display panel PNL is used for an automotive display screen.
[0059] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the display panel PNL has a first light-emitting unit and a second light-emitting unit, wherein the first light-emitting unit is used to emit light in a privacy mode, and the second light-emitting unit is used to emit light in a sharing mode. It is understood that the viewing angle of the second light-emitting unit in the row direction is greater than that of the first light-emitting unit in the row direction. Here, the row direction refers to the length direction of the vehicle display screen.
[0060] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The display panel PNL includes a display area AA and a non-display area BB located on at least one side of the display area AA. Within the display area AA, the display panel PNL has an array of display units UU, each display unit UU including a sub-pixel PIX and a pixel driving circuit PDC that drives the sub-pixel PIX. The display panel PNL does not have display units UU in the non-display area BB, or if it does, the display units UU are not used for displaying images.
[0061] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The display panel PNL has multiple scan lines GL extending along the row direction DH in the display area AA, with each scan line GL corresponding to a row of display units. The pixel drive circuit (PDC) of each display unit UU in a row is electrically connected to its corresponding scan line GL, which loads a scan signal onto the PDC. The display panel PNL also has multiple data lines DL extending along the column direction DV in the display area AA, with each data line DL corresponding to a column of display units. The pixel drive circuit (PDC) of each display unit UU in a column is electrically connected to its corresponding data line DL, which loads a data voltage onto the PDC. Thus, each display unit UU's pixel drive circuit (PDC) is connected to one scan line GL and one data line DL. When a scan signal is loaded onto the scan line GL, the voltage loaded onto the data line DL is written into the pixel drive circuit (PDC), allowing the PDC to control the brightness of the sub-pixels (PIX) based on the written voltage.
[0062] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The sub-pixels in the display panel PNL are thin-film self-emissive light-emitting elements (LDs), such as OLEDs. Furthermore, the LDs located in the display area AA include LDs of various colors. For example, the LDs may include red light-emitting elements LDs for emitting red light, blue light-emitting elements LDs for emitting blue light, and green light-emitting elements LDs for emitting green light.
[0063] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The display panel PNL may include a driving backplane DBP and a pixel layer PIXL stacked sequentially. The driving backplane DBP includes a substrate BP stacked on top of each other and a driving layer DRL disposed on one side of the substrate BP. The pixel layer PIXL may be disposed on the surface of the driving layer DRL away from the substrate BP. See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The pixel layer PIXL contains light-emitting elements (LDs), and the driving backplane DBP is used to drive the LDs in the pixel layer PIXL to emit light. The driving backplane DBP can drive each LD using an active driving method or a passive driving method.
[0064] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The driving layer DRL is equipped with a pixel driving circuit PDC for driving the light-emitting elements LD; each light-emitting element LD can emit light under the drive of the pixel driving circuit PDC to display the image. Furthermore, the display panel PNL also includes an encapsulation layer TFE located on the side of the pixel layer PIXL away from the driving backplane DBP, and the encapsulation layer TFE can encapsulate and protect the pixel layer PIXL.
[0065] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the substrate BP can be an inorganic material substrate or an organic material substrate; of course, it can also be a composite substrate formed by stacking inorganic and organic material substrates. For example, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the material of the substrate BP can be glass materials such as soda-lime glass, quartz glass, and sapphire glass. In other embodiments of this disclosure, the material of the substrate BP can be polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethersulfone (PES), polyimide, polyamide, polyacetal, polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), or combinations thereof. In other embodiments of this disclosure, the substrate BP can also be a flexible substrate, for example, the material of the substrate BP may include polyimide. The substrate BP can also be a composite of multiple materials. For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the substrate BP may include a bottom film, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, a first polyimide layer and a second polyimide layer stacked sequentially.
[0066] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The pixel driving circuit (PDC) is disposed on the driving layer (DRL), and the driving layer (DRL) may include an array of distributed pixel driving circuits (PDC). The pixel driving circuits (PDC) are used to drive the corresponding sub-pixels (PIX) so that the display panel displays the image. The pixel layer (PIXL) may be provided with light-emitting elements (LD) electrically connected to the corresponding pixel driving circuits (PDC). The light-emitting elements (LD) can serve as sub-pixels (PIX). Thus, the pixel layer (PIXL) is provided with an array of distributed light-emitting elements (LD), and each light-emitting element (LD) emits light under the control of its corresponding pixel driving circuit (PDC).
[0067] In one embodiment of this disclosure, in the driving layer DRL, any pixel driving circuit PDC may include thin-film transistors and storage capacitors. The pixel driving circuit PDC can be a 7T1C, 8T1C, or similar structure, as long as it can drive the light-emitting element LD to emit light; its structure is not specifically limited here. Here, nTmC indicates that one pixel driving circuit PDC includes n thin-film transistors (represented by the letter "T") and m capacitors (represented by the letter "C"). The number of pixel driving circuits PDC can be the same as the number of light-emitting elements LD, and they are connected one-to-one with each light-emitting element LD. Of course, the same pixel driving circuit PDC can also be connected to multiple light-emitting elements LD; this is not specifically limited here.
[0068] In one embodiment of this disclosure, any pixel driving circuit (PDC) may include a thin-film transistor (TFT) and a storage capacitor. In one example, each TFT may include an overlapping active layer and a gate, with the active layers of each TFT disposed on the same semiconductor layer; alternatively, they may be disposed on multiple semiconductor layers, with the active layers of different TFTs distributed on different semiconductor layers. The TFT may be a top-gate TFT, a bottom-gate TFT, or a dual-gate TFT; the material of the active layer of the TFT may be amorphous silicon semiconductor material, low-temperature polycrystalline silicon semiconductor material, metal oxide semiconductor material, organic semiconductor material, or other types of semiconductor material; the TFT may be an N-type TFT or a P-type TFT; this disclosure does not limit the specific type of TFT.
[0069] It is understood that any two transistors in a pixel driver circuit (PDC) can be of the same or different types. Exemplarily, in some embodiments, some transistors in a PDC can be N-type transistors and some transistors can be P-type transistors. Further exemplarily, in other embodiments, in a PDC, the active layer material of some transistors can be low-temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) semiconductor material, and the active layer material of some transistors can be metal-oxide-semiconductor (MODS) semiconductor material. In some embodiments of this disclosure, the thin-film transistor is a LPS transistor. In other embodiments of this disclosure, some thin-film transistors are LPS transistors, and some thin-film transistors are MODS transistors.
[0070] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the driving layer DRL may include a semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer, a gate layer, an interlayer dielectric layer, a source / drain metal layer, and a planarization layer stacked between the substrate BP and the pixel layer PIXL. Each thin-film transistor and storage capacitor may be formed from the semiconductor layer, gate insulating layer, gate layer, interlayer dielectric layer, and source / drain metal layer. The positional relationship of each layer can be determined based on the thin-film transistor's layer structure. For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the driving layer DRL may include a semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer, a gate layer, an interlayer dielectric layer, a source / drain metal layer, and a planarization layer stacked sequentially, thus forming a top-gate thin-film transistor. As another example, in another embodiment of this disclosure, the driving layer DRL may include a gate layer, a gate insulating layer, a semiconductor layer, an interlayer dielectric layer, and a source / drain metal layer stacked sequentially, thus forming a bottom-gate thin-film transistor. The driving layer DRL can also employ a dual-gate structure, where the gate layer may include a first gate layer and a second gate layer, and the gate insulating layer may include a first gate insulating layer for isolating the semiconductor layer and the first gate layer, and a second gate insulating layer for isolating the first gate layer and the second gate layer. For example, in one embodiment, the driving layer DRL may include a semiconductor layer, a first gate insulating layer, a first gate layer, a second gate insulating layer, a second gate layer, an interlayer dielectric layer, a source / drain metal layer, and a planarization layer, sequentially stacked on one side of the substrate BP.
[0071] In one example, see Figure 3 The driving layer DRL may include a semiconductor layer SCL, a gate insulating layer GI, a gate layer GT, an interlayer dielectric layer ILD, a source / drain metal layer SD, a planarization layer PLN, etc., stacked between the substrate BP and the pixel layer PIXL. Each thin-film transistor and storage capacitor may be formed from the semiconductor layer SCL, gate insulating layer GI, gate layer GT, interlayer dielectric layer ILD, source / drain metal layer SD, etc. The positional relationship of each film layer can be determined according to the film layer structure of the thin-film transistor. Of course, in other embodiments of this disclosure, the driving layer DRL may also include other film layers as needed, such as a light-shielding layer, an inorganic buffer layer BUF, etc., located between the semiconductor layer SCL and the substrate BP. As needed, any one of the aforementioned semiconductor layer SCL, gate layer GT, source / drain metal layer SD can be multiple layers. For example, the driving layer DRL may include two different semiconductor layers SCL, or two or three source / drain metal layers SD, or two or three gate layers GT. Correspondingly, the insulating layers in the driving layer DRL (such as gate insulating layer GI, interlayer dielectric layer ILD, planarization layer PLN, etc.) can be added or reduced as needed, or new insulating layers can be added as needed.
[0072] As an example, see Figure 3 The driving layer DRL may include an inorganic buffer layer BUF, a semiconductor layer SCL, a gate insulating layer GI, a gate layer GT, an interlayer dielectric layer ILD, a source / drain metal layer SD, and a planarization layer PLN, which are sequentially stacked on the substrate BP. The thin film transistor formed in this way is a top-gate thin film transistor.
[0073] It is understood that the above examples of the driving backplane DBP are merely one possible embodiment of the driving backplane DBP in this disclosure. In other embodiments of this disclosure, the driving backplane DBP may also have other structures, such as a passive driving glass substrate, a silicon-based driving substrate, etc.
[0074] In this disclosure, see Figure 3 The light-emitting element (LD) in the pixel layer PIXL is a thin-film LD, which may include two electrodes stacked together and a light-emitting functional unit (EFU) sandwiched between the two electrodes. For example, see... Figure 4 The pixel layer PIXL may include a pixel electrode layer PEL, a light-emitting functional layer EFL, and a common electrode layer COML stacked sequentially. The pixel electrode layer PEL has multiple pixel electrodes PE in the display area AA of the display panel PNL; the portion of the light-emitting functional layer EFL connected to the pixel electrodes PE serves as the light-emitting functional unit EFU of the light-emitting element LD; and the common electrode layer COML serves as a common electrode electrically connected to the light-emitting functional units EFU of each light-emitting element LD.
[0075] Furthermore, the pixel layer PIXL may also include a pixel definition layer PDL located between the pixel electrode layer PEL and the light-emitting functional layer EFL. The pixel definition layer PDL may be disposed on the same surface as the light-emitting element LD on the driving layer DRL. For example, the pixel definition layer PDL may be disposed on the surface of the planarization layer PLN away from the substrate BP, along with the pixel electrode PE. Simultaneously, the thickness of the pixel definition layer PDL is greater than the thickness of the pixel electrode PE, and it covers a portion of each pixel electrode PE. The pixel definition layer PDL has pixel openings exposing each pixel electrode PE, and the light-emitting functional layer EL and the common electrode layer COML are sequentially stacked on the pixel electrode PE within the pixel openings.
[0076] It is understood that the Pixel Definition Layer (PDL) has multiple through-hole pixel openings corresponding one-to-one with multiple pixel electrodes (PEs), and any pixel opening exposes at least a portion of the corresponding pixel electrode (PE). For example, the PDL covers the edge of the pixel electrode (PE) and exposes at least a portion of its internal area, so that the PDL can effectively define the actual effective area of the pixel electrode (PE) (the area directly connected to the light-emitting functional unit (EFU)), thereby defining the light-emitting area and light-emitting region of the light-emitting element (LD). Specifically, the range of the pixel opening is the range of the light-emitting element (LD), that is, the shape and size of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening onto the display functional layer are the same as the shape and size of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element (LD) onto the display functional layer, and the center of the pixel opening is the center of the light-emitting element (LD). Simultaneously, the shape of the pixel opening is the shape of its orthographic projection onto the display functional layer, which can be a rectangle or other polygons, or a circle, etc. In this document, the definition of the shape and size of the light-emitting element (LD) is based on the shape and size of the pixel opening; for example, the size of the light-emitting element (LD) is the size of its pixel opening.
[0077] The light-emitting functional layer (EFL) at least covers the pixel electrode (PE) exposed by the pixel definition layer (PDL). The common electrode layer (COML) may cover the EFL in the display area (AA). The pixel electrode (PE) and the common electrode layer (COML) provide electrons, holes, and other charge carriers to the EFL, causing it to emit light. The portion of the EFL located between the pixel electrode (PE) and the common electrode layer (COML) can serve as a light-emitting functional unit (EFU). The pixel electrode (PE), the common electrode layer (COML), and the light-emitting functional unit (EFU) form a light-emitting element (LD). One of the pixel electrode (PE) and the common electrode layer (COML) serves as the anode (AE) of the light-emitting element (LD), and the other serves as the cathode (CE) of the light-emitting element (LD). In one example, the pixel electrode (PE) serves as the anode (AE) of the light-emitting element (LD), and the common electrode layer (COML) serves as the cathode (CE) of the light-emitting element (LD).
[0078] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the type of the first light-emitting element LD is different, and the material and film layer of the light-emitting functional unit EFU are different.
[0079] It is understandable that the display function layer can also be other types of display panel PNL, such as QLED display panel PNL, QD-OLED display panel PNL or other types of display panel PNL.
[0080] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 and Figure 3The display panel PNL also includes a TFE encapsulation layer, which can be disposed on the surface of the pixel layer PIXL away from the substrate BP. The TFE can include alternately stacked inorganic and organic encapsulation layers. The inorganic encapsulation layer effectively blocks external moisture and oxygen, preventing water and oxygen from invading the pixel layer PIXL and causing material aging. Optionally, the edge of the inorganic encapsulation layer can be located in the peripheral area. The organic encapsulation layer is located between two adjacent inorganic encapsulation layers to achieve planarization and reduce stress between the inorganic encapsulation layers. The edge of the organic encapsulation layer can be located between the edge of the display area and the edge of the inorganic encapsulation layer. Exemplarily, the TFE encapsulation layer includes a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer sequentially stacked on the side of the pixel layer PIXL away from the substrate BP.
[0081] Of course, in other embodiments of this disclosure, the display panel PNL may not have a TFE encapsulation layer, but may instead use other methods to encapsulate and protect the pixel layer PIXL.
[0082] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 The display panel PNL may further include an optical control layer (OCL), which is disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer (TFE) away from the substrate (BP). The OCL includes multiple first lens structures (MLA), multiple second lens structures, and a spacer structure (MLB) that blocks the first and second lens structures, with the spacer structure (MLB) covering the first and second lens structures. In other words, the spacer structure (MLB) contains multiple first lens structures (MLA) and multiple second lens structures, with gaps between the first lens structures (MLA) and between the second lens structures (MLA). The orthographic projections of the first lens structures (MLA) onto the substrate (BP) do not coincide with the orthographic projections of the second lens structures onto the substrate (BP). Multiple first lens structures (MLAs) correspond one-to-one with multiple light-emitting elements (LDs), and multiple second lens structures correspond one-to-one with the remaining light-emitting elements (LDs). In this example, the light-emitting element (LD) corresponding to the first lens structure (MLA) is defined as the first light-emitting element (LD1), and the light-emitting element (LD) corresponding to the second lens structure is defined as the second light-emitting element. The first light-emitting element (LD1) and the first lens structure (MLA) form a first light-emitting unit, and the second light-emitting element and the second lens structure form a second light-emitting unit. In this example, the refractive index of the spacer structure (MLB) is less than the refractive index of the first lens structure (MLA) and the second lens structure (not shown in the diagram).
[0083] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the spacer structure MLB can be a planarization layer used to achieve planarization.
[0084] In related technologies, the first lens structure has a circular cross-section along the direction parallel to the substrate. Thus, in privacy mode, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 23 There is a darkening effect at the four corners of the display panel, which affects the viewing experience.
[0085] To solve the above problem, see Figures 8-22 This disclosure provides a first lens structure MLA, wherein the length of the first lens structure MLA is greater than its width, and the center of the first lens structure MLA coincides with the center of the first light-emitting element LD1. See also... Figure 9 The length refers to the dimension in the first direction F1, and the width refers to the dimension in the second direction F2. In this structure, the length of the first lens structure MLA from the center to the surrounding edges is not equal, which causes the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 to attenuate differently in the first lens structure MLA (the attenuation rate of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 at the four corners of the first lens structure MLA is less than the attenuation rate of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 in other surrounding areas of the first lens structure MLA). In this way, the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 can enter the human eye after passing through the four corners of the first lens structure MLA, thereby improving the phenomenon of dark corners. In other words, the first lens structure MLA in this disclosure is an asymmetrical structure at the four corners, so the light brightness attenuates more slowly in the four corner directions of the first lens structure MLA, and the emitted light can enter the human eye, thereby improving the phenomenon of dark corners.
[0086] In the first embodiment of this disclosure, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 4-16 The first lens structure, MLA, is a single-layer structure.
[0087] In this disclosure, the surface of the first lens structure MLA satisfies the following formula:
[0088] z = a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4
[0089] Wherein, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and a certain point on the surface of the first lens structure MLA in the first direction F1, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and a certain point on the surface of the first lens structure MLA in the second direction F2, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer TFE and a certain point on the surface of the first lens structure MLA.
[0090] In one example of this disclosure, a1 = 0.1; a2 = 0.000105; b1 = 0.012; b2 = 0.0012; c1 = 0; c2 = 0.000000535. Thus, the resulting first lens structure MLA surface profile is as follows: Figure 8-11 As shown, Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first lens structure, MLA. Figure 9 This is a top view of the first lens structure, MLA. Figure 10 a is a right view of the first lens structure MLA. Figure 10 b is the front view of the first lens structure MLA. Figure 11 a represents the right view of the first lens structure MLA. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of side ray changes Figure 11 b is the front view of the first lens structure MLA. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of side light variation. In this surface configuration, the length of the first lens structure MLA is greater than its width, and the orthogonal projection area of the first lens structure MLA on the substrate BP gradually decreases along the direction away from the substrate BP. See [reference needed]. Figure 11The light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 converges after passing through the first lens structure MLA. In this example, the surface of the first lens structure MLA near the substrate BP is larger than the light-emitting range of the first light-emitting element LD1 on the surface of the first lens structure MLA near the substrate BP (the surface of the first lens structure MLA near the substrate BP intersects with the extension line of the inner wall of the pixel opening, and the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 exits through the first lens structure MLA). The first lens structure MLA has arc-shaped notches on both sides, and the distance from the center of the first lens structure MLA to the four corners is greater than the distance from the center of the first lens structure MLA to other areas. In this way, it can be ensured that all the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 can be modulated by the first lens structure MLA, and the attenuation rate of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 at the four corners of the first lens structure MLA is less than the attenuation rate of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 in other surrounding areas of the first lens structure MLA. Thus, the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 can enter the human eye after passing through the four corners of the first lens structure MLA, thereby improving the phenomenon of dark corners.
[0091] In another embodiment of this disclosure, a1 = 0.015; a2 = 0.00165; b1 = 0.18; b2 = 0.0012; c1 = 0.000112; c2 = 0. Thus, the resulting first lens structure MLA surface profile is as follows: Figures 12-16 As shown, where, Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first lens structure, MLA. Figure 13 This is a bottom view of the first lens structure, MLA. Figure 14 This is the front view of the first lens structure MLA. Figure 15 This is a right view of the first lens structure, MLA. Figure 16 a is a diagram showing the light ray changes of the first lens structure MLA in the right view. Figure 16Figure b shows the light variation of the first lens structure MLA in the front view. In this configuration, the first lens structure MLA has a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite each other, and a curved surface connecting the first and second surfaces. Both the first and second surfaces have a length greater than their width. The first surface faces the substrate BP, and the second surface is positioned away from the substrate BP. The orthographic projection of the first surface onto the substrate BP is within the orthographic projection of the second surface onto the substrate BP, and the orthographic projection of the first surface onto the substrate BP is smaller than the orthographic projection of the second surface onto the substrate BP. It can be understood that the orthographic projection area of the first lens structure MLA gradually increases along the direction away from the substrate BP. In one example, the first surface of the first lens structure MLA exactly covers the light-emitting area of the first light-emitting element LD1 at the first surface, and the curved surface of the first lens structure MLA satisfies the requirement of total internal reflection, that is, the light emitted from the first light-emitting element LD1 undergoes total internal reflection at the curved surface (the incident angle of the light emitted from the first light-emitting element LD1 at any point on the curved surface is greater than or equal to the critical angle (the adjacent angle is the incident angle when the refraction angle is 90°)). This ensures that there is no light loss, and that the attenuation rate of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 at the four corners of the first lens structure MLA is less than the attenuation rate of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 in other surrounding areas of the first lens structure MLA. Thus, the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 can enter the human eye after passing through the four corners of the first lens structure MLA, thereby improving the phenomenon of darkening at the four corners. In other examples, the orthographic projection of the first surface onto the substrate BP can be larger than the light-emitting area of the first light-emitting element LD1 at the first surface.
[0092] In this example, the horizontal distance from any point on the edge of the first surface to the edge of the second surface is considered as equal magnification from the first surface to the second surface.
[0093] Of course, in other examples, the first lens structure MLA can also be other surface types not shown. It is understood that surface types different from those shown above can be obtained by adjusting the parameter values of a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2, etc. in the above formula.
[0094] In the second embodiment of this disclosure, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 17-22 The first lens structure MLA is a double-layer structure. It can be understood that the first lens structure MLA includes a first sub-lens structure MLA1 and a second sub-lens structure MLA2 stacked together; the second sub-lens structure MLA2 is located on the side of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 away from the substrate BP, and the orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 on the substrate BP is within the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 on the substrate BP.
[0095] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 on the substrate BP is located within the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 on the substrate BP. The orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 on the substrate BP is smaller than the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 on the substrate BP. The distance between the edge of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 and the edge of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 is equal. This ensures that the distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and the four corners of the first lens structure MLA is greater than the distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and other areas of the first lens structure MLA. Consequently, the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 attenuates more slowly at the four corners of the first lens structure MLA. The light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 can enter the human eye after passing through the four corners of the first lens structure MLA, thereby improving the phenomenon of darkening at the four corners.
[0096] In one example of this disclosure, the surface of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 satisfies the following formula:
[0097] z = a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4
[0098] Wherein, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and a certain point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 in the first direction F1, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and a certain point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 in the second direction F2, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer TFE and a certain point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure MLA1.
[0099] The surface of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 satisfies the following formula:
[0100] z = a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4
[0101] Wherein, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and a certain point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 in the first direction F1, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and a certain point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 in the second direction F2, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer TFE and a certain point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure MLA2.
[0102] In one example, in the first sub-lens structure MLA1, a1 = 0.0072; a2 = 0.0008321; b1 = 0.0872; b2 = 0.00072; c1 = 0; c2 = -0.00001015. In the second sub-lens structure MLA2, a1 = 0.015; a2 = 0.00165; b1 = 0.18; b2 = 0.0012; c1 = 0.000112; c2 = 0. Thus, the surface shape of the first lens structure MLA is as follows. Figures 17-22 As shown, where, Figure 17 and Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first lens structure, MLA. Figure 19 This is a right view of the first lens structure, MLA. Figure 20 This is the front view of the first lens structure MLA. Figure 21 This is a top view of the first lens structure, MLA. Figure 22 a is a diagram showing the light changes of the first lens structure MLA in the right view. Figure 22 b is a diagram showing the light changes of the first lens structure MLA in the front view.
[0103] See Figures 17-22 This is a superimposed structure of a first sub-lens structure MLA1 and a second sub-lens structure MLA2, wherein the second sub-lens structure MLA2 can focus the light transmitted through the first sub-lens structure MLA1. In this example, the orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 on the substrate BP is within the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 on the substrate BP, and the orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 on the substrate BP is smaller than the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 on the substrate BP. Furthermore, the distances between the edges of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 and the edges of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 are equal. This means that the distances between the edges of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 and the edges of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 are essentially the same, and a certain degree of fabrication error should be allowed.
[0104] Of course, in other examples, the first sub-lens structure MLA1 and the second sub-lens structure MLA2 can also be other surface types not shown. It is understood that by adjusting the parameter values of a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2, etc. in the above formula, surface types different from the first sub-lens structure MLA1 and the second sub-lens structure MLA2 shown above can be obtained.
[0105] Based on the two implementation methods described above, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 The display panel PNL also includes a black matrix BM.
[0106] In one embodiment, the number of black matrices BM is one, and the black matrix BM is disposed on the surface of the first lens structure MLA away from the substrate BP. The black matrix BM has multiple light-transmitting openings, each corresponding to a plurality of first light-emitting elements LD1. In other embodiments, the number of black matrices BM can be multiple, arranged sequentially along a direction away from the substrate BP, and disposed on the surface of the first lens structure MLA away from the substrate BP. The black matrix BM also has multiple light-transmitting openings, each corresponding to a plurality of first light-emitting elements LD1.
[0107] In another example, the number of black matrices BM is one, and the black matrix BM is positioned between the first lens structure MLA and the encapsulation layer TFE. Multiple light-transmitting openings are provided on the black matrix BM, and each of these openings corresponds one-to-one with a multiple first light-emitting element LD1; in other words, each opening corresponds one-to-one with a multiple first lens structure MLA. In this example, the orthographic projection of the surface of the first lens structure MLA near the encapsulation layer TFE onto the substrate BP completely covers the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting opening onto the substrate BP; the z-value is the height from a certain position on the surface of the first lens structure MLA to the surface of the black matrix BM away from the substrate BP. See other examples. Figure 6 and Figure 7 ,in, Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the display panel on the side of the first direction F1. Figure 7This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the display panel on the F2 side in the second direction. There are multiple black matrices (BMs), arranged sequentially along the direction away from the substrate BP, and all black matrices are positioned between the first lens structure MLA and the encapsulation layer TFE. In this example, there are two black matrices; in other examples, there could be three, four, etc. Multiple light-transmitting openings are provided on the black matrices, each corresponding to a different first light-emitting element (LD1). In other words, each light-transmitting opening corresponds to a different first lens structure MLA. In this example, the orthographic projection of the surface of the first lens structure MLA near the encapsulation layer TFE onto the substrate BP completely covers the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting openings on the black matrices away from the substrate BP onto the substrate BP; the z-value is the height from a certain position on the surface of the first lens structure MLA to the surface of the black matrices away from the substrate BP. In other examples, there are multiple black matrices, arranged sequentially along the direction away from the substrate BP, see [reference]. Figure 25 The first lens structure MLA is interspersed among multiple black matrices BM. Multiple light-transmitting openings are provided on the black matrices BM, and each of these openings corresponds one-to-one with a multiple first light-emitting element LD1. In other words, each light-transmitting opening corresponds one-to-one with a multiple first lens structure MLA. In this example, the orthographic projection of the surface of the first lens structure MLA near the encapsulation layer onto the substrate BP completely covers the orthographic projection of the black matrix BM closest to the first lens structure MLA on the substrate BP. The z-value is the height from a certain position on the surface of the first lens structure MLA to the surface of the black matrix BM closest to the first lens structure MLA on the substrate BP.
[0108] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the display panel PNL may further include a polarizer located on the side of the first lens structure away from the encapsulation layer TFE, for filtering polarized light, improving contrast, and eliminating reflected light. Additionally, the display panel PNL may also include a cover plate located on the side of the polarizer away from the encapsulation layer, for protecting the display panel PNL.
[0109] Of course, the display panel PNL may also include other structures not shown.
[0110] In this disclosure, the first lens structure MLA is prepared using the parameters obtained by the above formula, but certain preparation errors are allowed during the preparation process.
[0111] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A display panel, characterized in that, It has multiple first light-emitting units; each first light-emitting unit has a correspondingly arranged first light-emitting element and a first lens structure; The display panel has a substrate and a pixel layer, an encapsulation layer and a light control layer stacked sequentially on the substrate. The pixel layer has the first light-emitting element and the light control layer has the first lens structure. The length of the first lens structure is greater than the width of the first lens structure; The light emitted by the first light-emitting element exits through the first lens structure.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the first lens structure satisfies the following formula: z=a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4 Wherein, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first lens structure in the first direction, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first lens structure in the second direction, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer and a point on the surface of the first lens structure.
3. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, a1=0.1; a2=0.000105; b1=0.012; b2=0.0012; c1=0; c2=0.000000535.
4. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, a1=0.015; a2=0.00165; b1=0.18; b2=0.0012; c1=0.000112; c2=0.
5. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first lens structure includes a first sub-lens structure and a second sub-lens structure; the second sub-lens structure is located on the side of the first sub-lens structure away from the substrate, and the orthogonal projection of the second sub-lens structure on the substrate is within the orthogonal projection of the first sub-lens structure on the substrate.
6. The display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance between the edge of the second sub-lens structure and the edge of the first sub-lens structure is equal.
7. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The surface of the first sub-lens structure satisfies the following formula: z=a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4 Wherein, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure in the first direction, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure in the second direction, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure; The surface of the second sub-lens structure satisfies the following formula: z=a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4 Wherein, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure in the first direction, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure in the second direction, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure.
8. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the first sub-lens structure, a1 = 0.0072; a2 = 0.0008321; b1 = 0.0872; b2 = 0.00072; c1 = 0; c2 = -0.00001015; In the second sub-lens structure, a1 = 0.015; a2 = 0.00165; b1 = 0.18; b2 = 0.0012; c1 = 0.000112; c2 = 0.
9. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel also features a black matrix; The black matrix is located on the side of the first lens structure away from the encapsulation layer; or, the black matrix is located between the encapsulation layer and the first lens structure.
10. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel also includes multiple second light-emitting units; The viewing angle of the second light-emitting unit in the row direction is greater than that of the first light-emitting unit in the row direction.