Component posture and position dynamic monitoring device for beam yard hoisting operation
Through the synergistic effect of the multi-layer ring structure and temperature-sensitive drive components, the thermal expansion error is dynamically offset, solving the problem of thermal deformation during component hoisting operations in open-air environments and ensuring the stability of the measurement reference surface and the hoisting accuracy.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUHAN ENGINEERING CO LTD OF CHINA RAILWAY SEVENTH GROUP
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot effectively suppress uniform and non-uniform thermal deformation during component hoisting operations in complex open-air thermal environments, leading to drift of the measurement reference surface and affecting hoisting accuracy.
It adopts a multi-layer structure consisting of an Invar alloy inner ring, a brass middle ring, a composite material outer ring, and a heat exchange channel. Combined with a temperature-sensitive drive component and a displacement lever, it achieves passive compensation, active temperature equalization, and terminal leveling. Through alloy wire mesh zoning control and heat exchange channel circulation, it dynamically offsets thermal expansion errors.
It achieves improved accuracy in complex open-air thermal environments, significantly suppresses thermal deformation, and ensures the stability of the measurement reference surface and the accuracy of hoisting.
Smart Images
Figure CN121990464A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision instruments and thermal management technology, and more specifically, to a device for dynamic monitoring of the attitude and position of components used in beam yard hoisting operations. Background Technology
[0002] In large-scale civil engineering projects, especially in the construction of precast beam yards for highways and railway bridges, the accuracy of hoisting operations for components (such as box girders) directly affects the safety and quality of the overall structure. To achieve millimeter-level or even sub-millimeter-level docking and installation, precision measuring equipment such as total stations and laser trackers are required to dynamically monitor the attitude and position of the components. The accuracy of these measuring instruments is fundamentally dependent on the spatial stability of their installation reference—the monitoring device platform. However, beam yard environments are typically open-air or semi-open-air conditions. Factors such as solar radiation, periodic fluctuations in ambient temperature, and heat dissipation from on-site electromechanical equipment create complex and non-uniform temperature fields within the monitoring device and its supporting structure. This causes micro-deformation of the monitoring system's installation reference surface (such as the total station base) under sunlight due to uneven temperature rise, leading to measurement reference drift.
[0003] To address the problem of thermal deformation, existing technologies typically employ two conventional solutions: First, using low-expansion alloys (such as Invar alloys) to manufacture the entire monitoring platform. While this approach can suppress deformation to some extent, the material cost is extremely high, and its mechanical properties are insufficient to meet the structural load-bearing requirements of large-scale hoisting scenarios. Second, using ordinary steel structures combined with a constant-temperature environmental control system. This approach not only requires a huge investment in the construction and operation of air conditioning systems, resulting in enormous energy consumption, but also fails to address the gradient temperature field and non-uniform thermal deformation caused by localized, transient heat sources (such as unilateral sunlight or brief heat dissipation from equipment). The fundamental limitation is that both of these solutions are passive thermal management strategies, unable to sense and actively compensate for changing thermal loads, and even less able to counteract the deformation trends determined by the inherent thermal expansion coefficients of the materials themselves.
[0004] Therefore, how to break through the limitations of traditional passive thermal management thinking and design a dynamic monitoring device that can adapt to complex temperature environments, intelligently compensate for non-uniform thermal deformation, and at the same time take into account excellent structural load-bearing capacity and reasonable cost has become a core technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dynamic monitoring device for the posture and position of components used in beam yard hoisting operations. It can solve the technical problem that existing technologies cannot simultaneously suppress uniform and non-uniform thermal deformation in complex open-air thermal environments, and realize the transformation of the measurement benchmark from passive thermal deformation to active maintenance of stability.
[0006] The embodiments of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solution: a component posture and position dynamic monitoring device for beam yard hoisting operations, including an Invar alloy inner ring, wherein the Invar alloy inner ring is connected to a pre-embedded steel disc in a concrete base; A brass inner ring, which is coaxially nested on the outer surface of the Invar alloy inner ring; A composite material outer ring, which coaxially covers the outside of the brass inner ring; A heat exchange channel, wherein the evaporation end of the heat exchange channel covers the outer surface of the outer ring of the composite material, and the heat exchange channel is filled with a vaporized heat-conducting medium, which absorbs heat and changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state, moving from the evaporation end to the condensation end; A temperature-sensitive actuator, one end of which is connected to the condensing end of the heat exchange channel, and the temperature-sensitive actuator changes its length according to the temperature of the condensing end; A displacement lever, wherein the rotation axis of the displacement lever is disposed on the top surface of the Invar alloy inner ring, and the temperature-sensitive drive component is connected to the power arm of the displacement lever; The outer shell platform has guide rails on its top and bottom sides. The end of the resistance arm of the displacement lever slides along the guide rails, driving the outer shell platform to move in the vertical direction to compensate for thermal expansion errors.
[0007] Furthermore, the outer ring of the composite material includes a carbon fiber layer and an alloy wire mesh, wherein the alloy wire mesh is disposed within the carbon fiber layer.
[0008] Furthermore, the alloy wire mesh is provided with multiple partitions, each partition being independently connected to an electrode. The electrode energizes the partition when the temperature exceeds a preset threshold, causing the partition to undergo an austenitic phase transformation.
[0009] Furthermore, the heat exchange channel is tree-shaped.
[0010] Furthermore, the vaporization heat-conducting medium is a gallium indium tin eutectic alloy working medium.
[0011] Furthermore, the temperature-sensitive actuator is a nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring.
[0012] Furthermore, the copper content in the nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring is 12-15 wt%.
[0013] Furthermore, the inner surface of the heat exchange channel is provided with micropillars, and the outer wall of the heat exchange channel is provided with a thermally conductive substrate. One end of the micropillar is disposed inside the heat exchange channel, and the other end of the micropillar is connected to the thermally conductive substrate. The vaporized thermally conductive medium is driven to flow back from the condensation section to the evaporation section by the capillary pressure generated in the heat exchange channel.
[0014] Furthermore, radial expansion joints are formed on the surface of the brass inner ring.
[0015] Furthermore, the length of the power arm in the displacement lever is less than the length of the resistance arm.
[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. This invention establishes a complete thermal error cancellation chain from macro to micro and from basic to precision through a four-pronged synergistic mechanism of passive compensation, active temperature equalization, active regulation, and terminal leveling. This achieves multi-scale, full-chain active suppression of thermal errors, resulting in a significant improvement in accuracy. 2. This invention utilizes the independent zone control technology of alloy wire mesh, allowing the system to individually regulate local overheated areas based on infrared temperature field detection results. This effectively suppresses gradient thermal deformation and warping caused by unilateral sunlight, nearby heat sources, etc., enabling the device to operate stably even in complex thermal environments such as open-air beam yards and workshop entrances. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram used to illustrate the internal structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the assembly relationship between the Invar alloy inner ring, the brass middle ring, and the composite material outer ring in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram used in this invention to illustrate the outer ring structure of the composite material; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the internal structure of the heat exchange channel in this invention; Figure 6 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram used in this invention to illustrate the assembly relationship between the displacement lever and the outer shell platform.
[0019] Icons: 10. Invar alloy inner ring; 11. Mounting bracket; 12. Hinge shaft; 13. Displacement lever; 20. Brass middle ring; 21. Expansion joint; 30. Composite material outer ring; 31. Carbon fiber layer; 32. Alloy wire mesh; 40. Heat exchange channel; 41. Vaporized heat transfer medium; 42. Heat-conducting substrate; 43. Micropillar; 50. Temperature-sensitive actuator; 60. Shell platform; 61. Guide rail; 70. Concrete base. Detailed Implementation
[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.
[0022] The following description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, provides further details. Figures 1-7 As shown, this invention is a dynamic monitoring device for the attitude and position of components used in beam yard hoisting operations. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The system includes an Invar alloy inner ring 10, which serves as a reference ring and is rigidly connected to a pre-embedded steel disc in the concrete base 70 via high-strength bolts, providing a mechanical installation reference for the entire device. The Invar alloy inner ring 10 is made of ultra-low expansion Invar alloy with a thermal expansion coefficient of 1.2 × 10⁻⁻⁻⁶. 6 / ℃, has extremely low thermal expansion characteristics, and its own size remains almost unchanged when the temperature changes, thus serving as the dimensional reference origin for the entire thermal deformation compensation calculation.
[0023] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 A brass inner ring 20 is coaxially nested on the outer surface of the Invar alloy inner ring 101. To effectively release the enormous circumferential thermal stress generated during thermal expansion and contraction and prevent structural damage, the brass inner ring 20 has multiple radial expansion joints 21 cut at intervals along its circumference. When the temperature rises, the radial expansion of the brass inner ring 20 is much greater than that of the inner Invar alloy ring 10; the deformation difference between the two is converted into a reverse compensating displacement for external thermal expansion through structural design.
[0024] Reference Figure 3A composite material outer ring 30 is coaxially wrapped around the outer side of the brass inner ring 20. The composite material outer ring 30 is the outermost functional structure of the Invar alloy inner ring 10. The composite material outer ring 30 includes a carbon fiber layer 31 and an alloy wire mesh 32. Specifically, the carbon fiber layer 31 is laid up in an orthogonal layup manner with a volume fraction of 60%, and epoxy resin is used as the matrix. The carbon fiber layer 31 is used to provide structural support with high specific strength and high specific modulus, and to transfer the driving force of the alloy wire mesh 32 to the entire ring body.
[0025] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The alloy wire mesh 32 is woven from nickel-titanium-copper alloy wires into a grid and embedded between the carbon fiber layers 31. During manufacturing, the alloy wire mesh 32 is pre-treated to have a shape memory effect. More importantly, the alloy wire mesh 32 is logically divided into multiple independent zones, distributed circularly around a center, with each zone connected to an independent electrode lead. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature gradient at a certain point on the outer ring 30 of the composite material exceeds a preset threshold, the control system only energizes the electrodes of the corresponding overheated zone. After energization, the alloy wire mesh 32 in that zone rapidly heats up above the austenite phase transformation point due to the Joule heating effect, undergoing a phase transformation and generating shrinkage strain. This applies prestress to the local carbon fiber layer 31, dynamically adjusting the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material in that zone from a positive value to a negative value, achieving local active compensation for non-uniform temperature fields.
[0026] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The system also includes a heat exchange channel 40, which is a tree-like fractal structure. The heat exchange channel 40 is hollow inside and closed at its ends. The evaporation end of the heat exchange channel 40 is tightly bonded to the outer surface of the composite material outer ring 30 with a high thermal conductivity adhesive to efficiently collect heat. After the interior of the heat exchange channel 40 is evacuated, it is filled with a gallium indium tin eutectic alloy working fluid as a vaporization heat transfer medium 41. Utilizing the low melting point and high thermal conductivity of the gallium indium tin eutectic alloy working fluid, it readily vaporizes from a liquid state after absorbing heat, carrying heat from the evaporation end to the condensation end. A heat-conducting substrate 42 is connected to the condensation end of the heat exchange channel 40. The heat-conducting substrate 42 is annular and located above the composite material outer ring 30. The heat-conducting substrate 42 is made of metal. After the gallium indium tin eutectic alloy working fluid condenses at the condensation end of the heat exchange channel 40, it transfers heat to the heat-conducting substrate 42.
[0027] Reference Figure 5To further enhance heat transfer, micropillars 43 are vertically installed inside the heat exchange channel 40, located at the top of the channel. The top of the micropillars 43 is connected to the bottom surface of the thermally conductive substrate 42 on the outer wall. Utilizing the powerful capillary pumping force generated by the gap between the micropillars 43 and the heat exchange channel 40, the condensed liquid working fluid can be continuously pumped back to the evaporation end, forming a highly efficient, non-powered circulation. Simultaneously, the micropillars 43 significantly increase the heat exchange area and disrupt the thermal boundary layer by disturbing the fluid, greatly improving the temperature uniformity of the entire system and controlling the temperature difference of local hot spots to within 1°C.
[0028] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 A temperature-sensitive actuator 50 is mounted on the top surface of the heat-conducting substrate 42. The temperature-sensitive actuator 50 is a nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring with a copper content of 12-15 wt%, which is 14 wt% in this embodiment. The nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring extends along the radial direction of the heat-conducting substrate 42, and its first end is fixedly connected to the end of the heat-conducting substrate 42 near the center. When the temperature at the condensation end rises, the nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring is heated and undergoes an austenitic phase transformation, causing the length of the nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring to shrink; when the temperature decreases, it stretches in the opposite direction. Utilizing the sensitive correlation between the length and temperature of the nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring, the nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring becomes a driving element that converts temperature signals into mechanical displacement.
[0029] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 A mounting bracket 11 is fixedly installed at the top of the Invar alloy inner ring 10. The mounting bracket 11 is located above the heat-conducting substrate 42. A hinge shaft 12 is installed at the horizontal end of the mounting bracket 11. A displacement lever 13 is rotatably mounted on the hinge shaft 12. The displacement lever 13 is installed vertically and has a pivot point in its middle, which is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft 12. The displacement lever 13 is crescent-shaped, and its bending center coincides with the axis of the device. The bottom end of the displacement lever 13 is a power arm, and the top end is a resistance arm. The length of the resistance arm is greater than the length of the power arm. The end of the power arm of the displacement lever 13 is fixedly connected to the second end of the nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring. When the length of the nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring changes, it pulls the power arm of the displacement lever 13 to rotate around the hinge shaft 12. This is used to amplify a small length change of the temperature-sensitive drive element 50 into a larger displacement output.
[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 7The device is externally fitted with a housing platform 60, which is a cylindrical shape with one open side. A guide rail 61 is mounted along the diameter direction on the bottom of the top surface of the housing platform 60. The top end of the resistance arm of the displacement lever 13 is slidably connected to the guide rail 61. The housing platform 60 serves as the output end, and the measuring device is fixed to the top of the housing platform 60. The end of the resistance arm of the displacement lever 13 is hinged to the slider of the guide rail 61. When the temperature-sensitive drive component 50 expands or contracts due to temperature changes, it drives the displacement lever 13 to rotate. Because the resistance arm of the displacement lever 13 is bent, it pushes the housing platform 60 to slide precisely in the vertical direction, thereby actively offsetting the height change error of the entire device caused by thermal expansion and maintaining the stability of the measuring device mounting surface.
[0031] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: When the ambient temperature undergoes a uniform and slow temperature change, a significant difference in thermal deformation will occur between the brass inner ring 20 and the Invar alloy inner ring 10 because the coefficient of thermal expansion of the brass inner ring 20 is much greater than that of the Invar alloy inner ring 10. This difference in thermal deformation is converted into a basic compensation displacement of the entire device in the vertical direction through the mating structure of the three rings, thereby passively offsetting part of the height change of the outer shell platform 60 caused by thermal expansion.
[0032] When the device is in a non-uniform temperature field, such as under unilateral solar heating or near an internal heat source, localized heat is absorbed by the composite material outer ring 30 and rapidly transferred to the internal gallium indium tin eutectic alloy working fluid through the evaporation end of the heat exchange channel 40, which is tightly fitted to the outer surface of the composite material outer ring 30. The gallium indium tin eutectic alloy working fluid absorbs heat and vaporizes, flowing to the condensation end under the drive of the vapor pressure difference. After releasing heat at the condensation end, it re-liquefies. The powerful capillary pumping force generated by the array of micropillars 43 continuously pumps the liquid working fluid back to the evaporation end, forming an efficient circulation, thereby rapidly homogenizing the ring temperature and minimizing the temperature difference in the gradient temperature field.
[0033] If the temperature gradient is extremely large and the temperature equalization system is insufficient to completely eliminate the temperature difference, the alloy wire mesh 32 integrated in the outer ring 30 of the composite material is activated. The temperature sensor array detects the overheated area, and the control system only energizes the electrodes of the corresponding zone. After energization, the alloy wire mesh 32 in that zone undergoes an austenitic phase transformation, generating shrinkage strain, which applies prestress to the local carbon fiber layer 31, thereby dynamically adjusting the coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite material in that area from a positive value to a negative value. The negative expansion effect produces an additional, reverse deformation, precisely offsetting the warping of the composite ring itself caused by temperature unevenness, further ensuring the flatness of the platform foundation.
[0034] Temperature changes at the condenser end are transmitted to the temperature-sensitive actuator 50 connected thereto. When the temperature rises, the nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring contracts; when the temperature falls, it extends. The length change of the nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring is sensitively correlated with temperature. The extension and retraction of the nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring acts on the power arm of the displacement lever 13. Since the length of the power arm is less than that of the resistance arm, according to the lever principle, the minute length change of the nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring is amplified into a significant displacement output. The amplified displacement is transmitted through the end of the lever resistance arm to the slider of the guide rail 61 at the bottom of the housing platform 607, driving the entire housing platform 60 to move precisely in the vertical direction. This is used to compensate for the residual height error after the first two stages of compensation, as well as the height error caused by thermal expansion of the entire support structure, ensuring the stability of the reference surface of the measuring equipment fixed to the top of the housing platform 60.
[0035] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A device for dynamic monitoring of component posture and position during beam yard hoisting operations, characterized in that: Includes an Invar alloy inner ring (10), which is connected to a pre-embedded steel disc in a concrete base (70); A brass inner ring (20) is coaxially nested on the outer surface of the Invar alloy inner ring (10); A composite material outer ring (30) is coaxially wrapped around the outside of the brass inner ring (20); A heat exchange channel (40) is provided, the evaporation end of which covers the outer surface of the composite material outer ring (30). The heat exchange channel (40) is filled with a vaporized heat-conducting medium. After absorbing heat, the vaporized heat-conducting medium changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state and moves from the evaporation end to the condensation end. A temperature-sensitive actuator (50) is provided, one end of which is connected to the condensing end of the heat exchange channel (40), and the length of the temperature-sensitive actuator (50) changes according to the temperature of the condensing end. Displacement lever (13), the rotation shaft of the displacement lever (13) is set on the top surface of the Invar alloy inner ring (10), and the temperature-sensitive drive (50) is connected to the power arm of the displacement lever (13); The outer shell platform (60) has a guide rail (61) on its top and bottom sides. The end of the resistance arm of the displacement lever (13) slides along the guide rail (61) to drive the outer shell platform (60) to move in the vertical direction and offset thermal expansion error.
2. The component attitude and position dynamic monitoring device for beam yard hoisting operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite material outer ring (30) includes a carbon fiber layer (31) and an alloy wire mesh (32), wherein the alloy wire mesh (32) is disposed within the carbon fiber layer (31).
3. The component attitude and position dynamic monitoring device for beam yard hoisting operations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alloy wire mesh (32) is provided with multiple partitions, each partition is independently connected to an electrode, and the electrode energizes the partition when the temperature exceeds a preset threshold, causing the partition to undergo an austenitic phase transformation.
4. The component attitude and position dynamic monitoring device for beam yard hoisting operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange channel (40) is tree-shaped.
5. The component attitude and position dynamic monitoring device for beam yard hoisting operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vaporized heat-conducting medium (41) is a gallium indium tin eutectic alloy working medium.
6. The component attitude and position dynamic monitoring device for beam yard hoisting operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature-sensitive drive element (50) is a nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring.
7. The component attitude and position dynamic monitoring device for beam yard hoisting operations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The copper content in the nickel-titanium-copper alloy phase change spring is 12-15 wt%.
8. The component attitude and position dynamic monitoring device for beam yard hoisting operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the heat exchange channel (40) is provided with micropillars (43), and the outer wall of the heat exchange channel (40) is provided with a thermally conductive substrate (42). One end of the micropillar (43) is disposed inside the heat exchange channel (40), and the other end of the micropillar (43) is connected to the thermally conductive substrate (42). The vaporized thermally conductive medium (41) is driven to flow back from the condensation section to the evaporation section by the capillary pressure generated in the heat exchange channel (40).
9. A component attitude and position dynamic monitoring device for beam yard hoisting operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the brass inner ring (20) has radial expansion joints (21).
10. A component attitude and position dynamic monitoring device for beam yard hoisting operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the power arm in the displacement lever (13) is less than the length of the resistance arm.