Internal structure of straw shallow carbonization furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses an internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace, and relates to the field of carbonization furnaces, the internal structure comprises a carbonization assembly, one side of the carbonization assembly is provided with a transportation assembly, the upper end of the transportation assembly is provided with a pretreatment assembly, and the pretreatment assembly, the transportation assembly and the carbonization assembly are communicated with one another; the pretreatment assembly is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the conveying assembly, a through opening is formed in the top of the pretreatment assembly, a discharging hopper is arranged at the bottom of the pretreatment assembly, a feeding hopper is arranged at the top of the conveying assembly and matched with the discharging hopper, a heat dissipation chamber is arranged on the outer side of the pretreatment assembly, and a third motor is fixedly connected to the interior of the heat dissipation chamber. The output end of the third motor is fixedly connected with two groups of first gears, so that the subsequent carbonization reaction of the straws is more uniform; the size of straw is reduced, and the space utilization rate of transportation and storage is increased; the double-roller type crushing rollers meet the requirement of pretreatment granularity before straw shallow carbonization in a double-roller extruding and shearing mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbonization furnaces, and more specifically, to the internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace. Background Technology

[0002] A carbonization furnace is an industrial device that converts biomass materials (such as wood and straw) into carbonized products through high-temperature dry distillation technology. Its core function is to achieve anaerobic carbonization and recover combustible gases. It is widely used in agricultural waste treatment and industrial fuel production. A straw shallow carbonization furnace is a special equipment for the low-degree pyrolysis carbonization of crop straw. It is a carbonization device that partially decomposes straw while retaining more biomass characteristics in an oxygen-deficient or oxygen-limited environment by controlling a lower temperature and a shorter time. It adopts dry distillation pyrolysis technology to thermally decompose straw under conditions of isolation from excessive oxygen, mainly producing shallow carbonized products (semi-carbonized products), wood vinegar, and a small amount of combustible gases. The straw shallow carbonization furnace is an innovative piece of equipment for the comprehensive utilization of straw. By precisely controlling the pyrolysis conditions, it turns straw into a valuable resource, solves the pollution problem of traditional burning, and produces high-value semi-carbonized products and by-products. It is suitable for the needs of modern agriculture to return straw to the field nearby and improve the soil. The internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace is described below.

[0003] Based on this, a search on the patent website revealed Chinese patent application number CN202210795422.7, a carbonization furnace, relating to the field of boiler equipment. It includes a furnace body, which, from the outside in, includes an outer shell layer, a heat insulation layer, and a heat insulation layer. The interior of the furnace body is a carbonization chamber, and a combustion chamber is located on the left side of the interior of the furnace body. The outlet end of the combustion chamber is connected to a flue gas inlet pipe, which communicates with the carbonization chamber to discharge the heat of the flue gas generated by combustion into the carbonization chamber to carbonize the wood inside the carbonization chamber. It can be seen that the above-mentioned patent application has the following shortcomings: When using a traditional carbonization furnace, when it is necessary to convert straw into carbonized material, the straw is directly fed into the carbonization furnace through the feed port. The device lacks the pre-treatment of straw. Without the straw being crushed and pre-treated, the straw is prone to uneven heating and insufficient reaction during subsequent carbonization. In addition, the straw is loose and bulky, resulting in poor transportation efficiency and reducing the working efficiency of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an internal structure for a straw shallow carbonization furnace. By using this device, the problems mentioned above can be solved. In traditional carbonization furnaces, when straw needs to be converted into carbonized material, it is directly fed into the furnace through the feed inlet. The device lacks pre-treatment of the straw. Without crushing and pre-treatment, the straw is prone to uneven heating and insufficient reaction during subsequent carbonization. In addition, the straw is loose and bulky, resulting in poor transportation efficiency and reduced working efficiency of the device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: An internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace includes a carbonization component, a transport component on one side of the carbonization component, and a pretreatment component on the upper end of the transport component. The pretreatment component, the transport component, and the carbonization component are interconnected. The pretreatment component is fixedly connected above the transport component. An opening is provided at the top of the pretreatment component, a discharge hopper is provided at the bottom of the pretreatment component, and a feed hopper is provided at the top of the transport component. The feed hopper and the discharge hopper are matched. A heat dissipation chamber is provided on the outer side of the pretreatment component. A third motor is fixedly connected inside the heat dissipation chamber. A first gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor. Two sets of the first gear are provided, meshing with each other, and rotatably connected to the interior of the pretreatment component. The carbonization component includes an outer cylinder disposed on one side of the transport component, an inner cylinder disposed inside the outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the interior of the carbonization component. Heating tubes are evenly distributed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and eighteen sets of heating tubes are provided.

[0006] Preferably, the pretreatment component has a receiving cavity fixedly connected inside, and a filter screen is provided directly below the receiving cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the filter screen is positioned directly above the discharge hopper, and the filter screen is used to screen the crushed straw material.

[0008] Preferably, a second motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the transport component, and a spiral conveying roller is rotatably connected inside the transport component, with the spiral conveying roller fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the transport component is provided with a discharge port, which is connected to the inlet through a pipe mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, a stirring rod assembly is rotatably connected inside the inner cylinder, a first motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the carbonization assembly, a first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, and a second bevel gear is meshed with one side of the first bevel gear.

[0011] Preferably, the second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the stirring rod assembly via a connecting rod.

[0012] Preferably, a mounting box is provided on the outside of the carbonization component, and the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are rotatably connected inside the mounting box.

[0013] Preferably, a discharge pipe is provided on one side of the outer cylinder; two sets of first gears are fixedly connected to one side of crushing rollers, and the two sets of crushing rollers crush the material.

[0014] Preferably, the upper end of the carbonization component is provided with a heat source outlet pipe, and the lower end of the carbonization component is provided with a heat source inlet pipe; the sealing of both ends of the multiple sets of heating tubes inside the carbonization component is achieved by packing packing rotary sealing, and each set of heating tubes is provided with more than four fixed support points, thereby facilitating the expansion and contraction of the heating tubes.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages: 1. This device uses a pretreatment component to crush straw. After the straw is crushed by two sets of crushing rollers, it falls onto the filter screen. The crushed and filtered straw material passes through the discharge hopper and enters the conveying component. The conveying component uses a screw conveyor roller to send the straw into the carbonization furnace. This operation makes the subsequent carbonization reaction of the straw more uniform, reduces the volume of straw, and improves the space utilization rate of transportation and storage. The double-roll crushing rollers crush the straw into small-volume fragments through double-roller extrusion and shearing, which perfectly meets the pretreatment particle size requirements of straw before shallow carbonization. 2. Compared to traditional external heating, this equipment reduces manufacturing costs. It employs an internal heating system with 18 internal heating pipes, which improves heat source utilization and reduces energy consumption. A heating pipe assembly is installed between the inner and outer cylinders, allowing heat to be transferred to the material through the inner cylinder, maximizing the utilization of internal heat and improving internal thermal efficiency. This heating method ensures that the straw reaches the required carbonization temperature in a shorter time, thus improving carbonization efficiency. Furthermore, the internal heating pipes ensure even heat distribution within the converter, preventing localized overheating or undercooling, which is crucial for uniform carbonization of the straw, ensuring that all parts of the straw achieve the desired carbonization effect during the carbonization process. 3. After the crushed straw is conveyed into the carbonization furnace, the user can drive the stirring component to rotate, and at the same time drive the inner cylinder to rotate, thereby ensuring that the straw is evenly distributed in the inner cylinder, maintaining good flow, and preventing blockage and accumulation; the continuous carbonization converter needs to ensure that the straw can flow smoothly during the carbonization process to avoid blockage and prevent raw material accumulation and blockage. 4. By crushing the straw and controlling the flow of materials, the occurrence of straw clumping can be effectively avoided, ensuring that the straw remains loose during the carbonization process. This prevents clumping, and the device has good flowability, anti-blocking and anti-clumping measures, ensuring that the straw is heated evenly and reacts fully during the carbonization process, thereby improving carbonization efficiency and biochar quality. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the transport component and carbonization component of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the pretreatment component, transport component, and carbonization component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the heating tube assembly between the inner and outer cylinders of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the carbonization component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the stirring rod assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the transportation component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the preprocessing component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the preprocessing component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the internal drive mechanism of the preprocessing component of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Pretreatment component; 2. Transport component; 3. Carbonization component; 21. Feed hopper; 31. Outer cylinder; 32. First motor; 331. Discharge pipe; 33. Inner cylinder; 34. Heating tube; 35. Stirring rod assembly; 38. Feed inlet; 36. First bevel gear; 37. Second bevel gear; 22. Second motor; 23. Screw conveyor roller; 24. Discharge port; 11. Through-hole; 12. Discharge hopper; 13. Heat dissipation chamber; 14. Crushing roller; 15. Receiving cavity; 16. Filter screen; 131. Third motor; 132. First gear. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] To further understand the content of this invention, a detailed description of the invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Combination Figures 1-10An internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace includes a carbonization component 3, a transport component 2 on one side of the carbonization component 3, and a pretreatment component 1 on the upper end of the transport component 2. The pretreatment component 1, transport component 2, and carbonization component 3 are interconnected. The pretreatment component 1 is fixedly connected above the transport component 2. The top of the pretreatment component 1 has an opening 11, and the bottom of the pretreatment component 1 has a discharge hopper 12. The top of the transport component 2 has a feed hopper 21, which matches the discharge hopper 12. A heat dissipation chamber 13 is provided on the outside of the pretreatment component 1 for heat dissipation. A third motor 131 is fixedly connected inside chamber 13. A first gear 132 is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor 131. Two sets of first gears 132 are provided, and the two sets of first gears 132 are meshed with each other. The two sets of first gears 132 are rotatably connected to the inside of the pretreatment component 1. The carbonization component 3 includes an outer cylinder 31 provided on one side of the transport component 2. An inner cylinder 33 is provided inside the outer cylinder 31. The inner cylinder 33 is rotatably connected to the inside of the carbonization component 3. Heating tubes 34 are evenly distributed between the inner cylinder 33 and the outer cylinder 31. Eighteen sets of heating tubes 34 are provided.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0022] Example: The pretreatment component 1 has a receiving cavity 15 fixedly connected inside, and a filter screen plate 16 is provided directly below the receiving cavity 15.

[0023] The filter screen 16 is located directly above the discharge hopper 12 and is used to screen the crushed straw material.

[0024] A second motor 22 is fixedly connected to the outside of the transport component 2, and a spiral conveying roller 23 is rotatably connected inside the transport component 2. The spiral conveying roller 23 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 22.

[0025] The bottom of the transport component 2 is provided with a discharge port 24, which is connected to the inlet port 38 through a pipe mechanism.

[0026] The inner cylinder 33 is rotatably connected to a stirring rod assembly 35, and the carbonization assembly 3 is fixedly connected to a first motor 32 on the outside. The output end of the first motor 32 is fixedly connected to a first bevel gear 36, and a second bevel gear 37 is meshed with one side of the first bevel gear 36.

[0027] The second bevel gear 37 is fixedly connected to the stirring rod assembly 35 via a connecting rod.

[0028] A mounting box is provided on the outside of the carbonized component 3, and the first bevel gear 36 and the second bevel gear 37 are rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting box.

[0029] A discharge pipe 331 is provided on one side of the outer cylinder 31; two sets of first gears 132 are fixedly connected to one side of crushing rollers 14, and the two sets of crushing rollers 14 crush the material.

[0030] The upper end of the carbonization component 3 is provided with a heat source outlet pipe, and the lower end of the carbonization component 3 is provided with a heat source inlet pipe. The sealing of both ends of the multiple sets of heating tubes 34 inside the carbonization component 3 is achieved by using packing packing rotary seal, and each set of heating tubes 34 is provided with more than four fixed support points, which facilitates the expansion and contraction of the heating tubes 34.

[0031] In summary, the working principle is as follows: When using the device, the pre-treatment stage begins. The operator puts the straw to be carbonized into the device through the opening 11 at the top of the pre-treatment component 1. The third motor 131 is started, and its output drives two sets of meshing first gears 132 to rotate, which in turn drives the two sets of crushing rollers 14 inside the pre-treatment component 1 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The straw is crushed through compression and shearing. The crushed straw material falls onto the filter screen 16, which screens the material. Only the straw fragments that meet the particle size requirements pass through the filter screen 16, are collected through the receiving cavity 15, and are discharged from the pre-treatment component 1 through the discharge hopper 12. The pre-treated straw fragments are fed into the feed hopper 21 of the transport component 2 through the discharge hopper 12; the second motor 22 is started, and its output end drives the spiral conveyor roller 23 to rotate. Using the pushing action of the spiral structure, the straw fragments are transported along the inside of the transport component 2 to the discharge port 24; the discharge port 24 is connected to the feed port 38 of the carbonization component 3 through the pipeline mechanism, and the straw fragments enter the inner cylinder 33 of the carbonization component 3 through the feed port 38. The subsequent carbonization reaction stage of the device involves the introduction of a heat source through the heat source inlet pipe at the lower end of the carbonization component 3. Heat is transferred to the interior of the inner cylinder 33 by eighteen sets of heating tubes 34 evenly distributed between the outer cylinder 31 and the inner cylinder 33. During the heating process, the heating tubes 34 are sealed at both ends by a rotary seal using packing. Each set of heating tubes 34 is equipped with more than four fixed support points to meet the expansion and contraction requirements during heating and ensure the efficiency of heat source utilization. The heat source after heat exchange is discharged through the heat source outlet pipe at the upper end of the carbonization component 3. Simultaneously, the device requires stirring and rotation assistance. The first motor 32 is started, and its output end drives the first bevel gear 36 to rotate. The first bevel gear 36 meshes with the second bevel gear 37 for transmission, and drives the stirring rod assembly 35 to rotate inside the inner cylinder 33 through the connecting rod. At the same time, the inner cylinder 33 rotates synchronously. Under the dual action, the straw fragments are evenly distributed in the inner cylinder 33 to avoid accumulation and blockage, and to ensure that the material and heat are in full contact. In the oxygen-deficient environment inside the inner cylinder 33, the straw fragments undergo a shallow pyrolysis and carbonization reaction under the stable heat provided by the heating pipe 34. The resulting semi-carbonized product is discharged from the device through the discharge pipe 331, completing the entire carbonization process.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace, comprising a carbonization component (3), characterized in that: A transport component (2) is provided on one side of the carbonization component (3), and a pretreatment component (1) is provided on the upper end of the transport component (2). The pretreatment component (1), the transport component (2), and the carbonization component (3) are interconnected. The pretreatment component (1) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the transport component (2). An opening (11) is provided on the top of the pretreatment component (1), and a discharge hopper (12) is provided at the bottom of the pretreatment component (1). A feed hopper (21) is provided on the top of the transport component (2). The feed hopper (21) and the discharge hopper (12) are connected. 12) Mutual matching, the pretreatment component (1) is provided with a heat dissipation chamber (13) on the outside, a third motor (131) is fixedly connected inside the heat dissipation chamber (13), a first gear (132) is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor (131), two sets of the first gear (132) are provided, the two sets of the first gear (132) are meshed with each other, and the two sets of the first gear (132) are respectively rotatably connected inside the pretreatment component (1); the carbonization component (3) includes an outer cylinder (31) provided on one side of the transport component (2).

2. The internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (31) is provided with an inner cylinder (33), which is rotatably connected to the carbonization component (3). Heating tubes (34) are evenly distributed between the inner cylinder (33) and the outer cylinder (31), and eighteen sets of heating tubes (34) are provided. The pretreatment component (1) is fixedly connected with a receiving cavity (15), and a filter screen plate (16) is provided directly below the receiving cavity (15).

3. The internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter screen (16) is located directly above the discharge hopper (12) and is used to screen the crushed straw material.

4. The internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transport component (2) is fixedly connected to a second motor (22) on the outside, and a spiral conveying roller (23) is rotatably connected inside the transport component (2). The spiral conveying roller (23) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (22).

5. The internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the transport component (2) is provided with a discharge port (24), which is connected to the inlet port (38) through a pipe mechanism.

6. The internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (33) is rotatably connected to a stirring rod assembly (35), and the carbonization assembly (3) is fixedly connected to a first motor (32) on the outside. The output end of the first motor (32) is fixedly connected to a first bevel gear (36), and a second bevel gear (37) is meshed on one side of the first bevel gear (36).

7. The internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second bevel gear (37) is fixedly connected to the stirring rod assembly (35) via a connecting rod.

8. The internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The carbonized component (3) is provided with an installation box on its outside, and the first bevel gear (36) and the second bevel gear (37) are rotatably connected to the inside of the installation box.

9. The internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (31) is provided with a discharge pipe (331) on one side; two sets of first gears (132) are fixedly connected to one side of crushing rollers (14), and the two sets of crushing rollers (14) crush the material.

10. The internal structure of a straw shallow carbonization furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: The upper end of the carbonization component (3) is provided with a heat source outlet pipe, and the lower end of the carbonization component (3) is provided with a heat source inlet pipe; the sealing of both ends of the multiple sets of heating tubes (34) inside the carbonization component (3) is achieved by using packing packing rotary seal, and each set of heating tubes (34) is provided with more than four fixed support points, which facilitates the expansion and contraction of the heating tubes (34).

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