Windowing and drilling integrated tool and windowing and drilling method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oilfield development, and discloses a windowing and drilling integrated tool and a windowing and drilling method.The windowing and drilling integrated tool comprises an upper connector, a cutting part, a gauge protection part, a variable diameter part and a cutting head which are sequentially arranged, the upper connector is used for being connected with a drill rod, a heavy weight drill rod or a drill collar, and the cutting head can abrade and penetrate through a sleeve to make an initial window; the drilling tool can cut a stratum and conduct drilling operation in the stratum, the reducing part can expand the initial window from small to small, the gauge protection part can grind the initial window to reach the target size, and the cutting part is used for grinding and milling a casing pipe. According to the windowing and drilling integrated tool, a sleeve can be worn through through the cutting head, and drilling can be conducted on a stratum, so that the windowing and drilling integrated tool can achieve the effect of integrating two functions, then the sleeve windowing operation and the drilling construction of an antimagnetic section can be completed through one-time drilling operation, the windowing efficiency is effectively improved, the construction period is greatly shortened, and the construction cost is reduced. And the purposes of reducing cost and increasing efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oilfield development technology, and in particular to an integrated window drilling tool and method. Background Technology

[0002] As oil and gas development enters its mid-to-late stages, it is often necessary to perform sidetracking with open-window drilling on the casing of old wells to develop remaining reservoirs, revitalize old wells, and improve oil and gas recovery rates. This method has been increasingly widely adopted in oilfield development. Furthermore, in the event of any complex situations during drilling that prevent the lower borehole from being salvaged, sidetracking with open-window drilling on the upper casing at a suitable location within the old well can be used to revitalize old wells, manage complex wells, and reduce drilling costs. Therefore, casing sidetracking has become an increasingly important means of increasing oil production in the later stages of oilfield development.

[0003] The traditional casing windowing process typically involves first lowering a windowing tool, milling the casing for 3-4 meters to create a window, then pulling out the drill bit, replacing it, and using a drill string assembly without screws or instruments to drive a 20-meter antimagnetic section. After completing the antimagnetic section, the drill string is pulled out again to lower the directional drilling tool for further drilling. The antimagnetic section facilitates the lowering of the directional tool (usually about 17 meters long), ensuring it reaches the formation, and keeps it as far away from the casing as possible, avoiding magnetic interference that could cause errors in subsequent azimuth and wellbore inclination measurements. However, using traditional windowing tools is inefficient and requires repeated tripping and lowering of the drill string, lengthening the construction period. Therefore, how to complete casing windowing and antimagnetic section drilling in a single drilling run, while improving efficiency and reducing the construction period, is a problem that needs to be solved by those in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated tool and method for opening windows and drilling, so that the drilling of casing windows and antimagnetic sections can be completed in one drilling run, thereby improving the efficiency of opening windows and reducing the construction cycle.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An integrated window drilling tool, which includes:

[0007] The upper connector, cutting section, gauge-maintaining section, reducing section, and cutting head are arranged in sequence. The upper connector is used to connect the drill pipe, weighted drill pipe, or drill collar. The cutting head can grind through the casing to create an initial window and can cut the formation and perform drilling operations in the formation. The reducing section can enlarge the initial window from small to large. The gauge-maintaining section can grind the initial window to achieve the target size. The cutting section is used for milling the casing.

[0008] Alternatively, the cutting part is configured as an alloy body, and a first alloy block is provided on the alloy body. The alloy body is capable of cutting the sleeve, and the first alloy block is capable of milling the sleeve.

[0009] Alternatively, the alloy body may be made of a cemented carbide block, and the first alloy block may be made of cemented carbide shards.

[0010] Alternatively, the diameter-maintaining portion can be configured as a diameter-maintaining body, with the cutting portion and the diameter-changing portion located at opposite ends of the diameter-maintaining body, and the outer diameter of the diameter-maintaining body being smaller than the outer diameter of the cutting portion.

[0011] Alternatively, the variable diameter section may be configured as a variable diameter body and a milling alloy, wherein the outer diameters of the variable diameter body and the milling alloy gradually decrease along the axial direction from the upper connector to the cutting head, and the milling alloy is located between the variable diameter body and the cutting head.

[0012] Alternatively, the milling alloy may be made of rectangular hard alloy.

[0013] Optionally, an octagonal prism is provided between the diameter-maintaining part and the diameter-reducing part. The outer diameter of the octagonal prism is larger than the outer diameter of the diameter-maintaining part, and the octagonal prism is capable of cutting the sleeve.

[0014] Optionally, the cutting head is provided with a drill block, which is a PDC alloy block for drilling into the formation.

[0015] Optionally, the cutting head is provided with a second alloy block, which is also made of hard carbide and has larger particles than the first alloy block.

[0016] The window drilling method, using this integrated window drilling tool, includes the following steps:

[0017] Connect the upper connector of the integrated window drilling tool to the drill pipe, weighted drill pipe or drill collar, and lower the integrated window drilling tool to the target depth in the casing;

[0018] The cutting head contacts the sleeve, and under the action of the second alloy block, the sleeve is milled until it is ground through to form the initial window;

[0019] The initial window size is increased by grinding alloys, variable diameter bodies, and octagonal prisms;

[0020] The casing is further ground by using a gauge protector, so that the initial window is ground to the target size;

[0021] Then, by contacting the formation with the drill block and cutting the formation, the integrated window drilling tool can quickly drill into the formation until the 20m anti-magnetic section is completed.

[0022] Finally, the integrated window opening and drilling tool is lifted to the top of the window and window repair work is carried out until it can be lifted and lowered without obstruction. Then, the integrated window opening and drilling tool is taken out.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] This invention utilizes a cutting head capable of grinding through the casing and drilling into the formation, combining these two functions into one integrated window-opening and drilling tool. This allows for the completion of casing window opening and drilling of the anti-magnetic section in a single drilling run, effectively improving window opening efficiency and significantly reducing the construction cycle, thus achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement. Simultaneously, the invention incorporates a cutting section, a diameter-maintaining section, and a diameter-changing section to mill the initial window through the casing support, gradually enlarging it until it reaches the target size. This ensures smooth passage of subsequent directional tools, reducing errors in subsequent data measurements and improving the accuracy of subsequent work. Correspondingly, the window-opening drilling method using this integrated window-opening and drilling tool also achieves the above effects. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the integrated window-opening and drilling tool described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] 10-Upper connector; 20-Alloy body; 30-First alloy block; 40-Size retainer; 50-Octagonal prism; 60-Variable diameter body; 70-Milling alloy; 80-Drilling block; 90-Cutting head; 100-Second alloy block. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0031] As oil and gas development enters its mid-to-late stages, it is often necessary to perform sidetracking with open-window drilling on the casing of old wells to develop remaining reservoirs, revitalize old wells, and improve oil and gas recovery rates. This method has been increasingly widely adopted in oilfield development. Furthermore, in the event of any complex situations during drilling that prevent the lower borehole from being salvaged, sidetracking with open-window drilling on the upper casing at a suitable location within the old well can be used to revitalize old wells, manage complex wells, and reduce drilling costs. Therefore, casing sidetracking has become an increasingly important means of increasing oil production in the later stages of oilfield development.

[0032] The traditional casing windowing process typically involves first lowering a windowing tool, milling the casing for 3-4 meters to create a window, then pulling out the drill bit, replacing it, and using a drill string assembly without screws or instruments to drive a 20-meter antimagnetic section. After completing the antimagnetic section, the drill string is pulled out again to lower the directional drilling tool for further drilling. The antimagnetic section facilitates the lowering of the directional tool (usually about 17 meters long), ensuring it reaches the formation, and keeps it as far away from the casing as possible, avoiding magnetic interference that could cause errors in subsequent azimuth and wellbore inclination measurements. However, using traditional windowing tools is inefficient and requires repeated tripping and lowering of the drill string, lengthening the construction period. Therefore, how to complete casing windowing and antimagnetic section drilling in a single drilling run, while improving efficiency and reducing the construction period, is a problem that needs to be solved by those in the field.

[0033] The technical solution of this embodiment will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an integrated window drilling tool, including an upper connector 10, a cutting section, a diameter-maintaining section, a diameter-changing section, and a cutting head 90 arranged sequentially. The upper connector 10 is used to connect drill pipe, weighted drill pipe, or drill collar. The cutting head 90 can grind through the casing to create an initial window and can cut the formation and perform drilling operations in the formation. The diameter-changing section can enlarge the initial window from small to large. The diameter-maintaining section can grind the initial window to achieve the target size. The cutting section is used for milling the casing.

[0035] On the other hand, the window drilling method, which uses an integrated window drilling tool, includes the following steps:

[0036] Connect the upper connector 10 of the integrated window drilling tool to the drill pipe, the weighted drill pipe or the drill collar, and lower the integrated window drilling tool to the target depth in the casing;

[0037] The cutting head 90 contacts the sleeve, and under the action of the second alloy block 100, the sleeve is milled until it is ground through to form the initial window;

[0038] The initial window is enlarged by grinding the alloy 70, the variable diameter body 60 and the octagonal prism 50.

[0039] The initial window was ground to the target size by further grinding the 40 pairs of bushings with the diameter protection body;

[0040] Then, the drilling block 80 contacts the formation and cuts the formation, allowing the integrated window drilling tool to quickly drill into the formation until the 20m anti-magnetic section is completed.

[0041] Finally, lift the integrated window opening and drilling tool to the top of the window and carry out window repair work until there are no obstacles to lifting and lowering. Then, take out the integrated window opening and drilling tool.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cutting head 90 can grind through the casing and drill into the formation, allowing the integrated window-opening and drilling tool to achieve the effect of combining two functions into one. This enables the casing window opening operation and the drilling of the anti-magnetic section to be completed in a single drilling operation, effectively improving window opening efficiency and significantly reducing the construction cycle, thus achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement. Simultaneously, this embodiment includes a cutting section, a diameter-maintaining section, and a diameter-changing section that can perform milling operations on the initial window through which the cutting head 90 grinds through the casing support, gradually enlarging it until it reaches the target size. This ensures the smooth passage of subsequent directional tools, reducing errors in subsequent data measurements and improving the accuracy of subsequent work. Correspondingly, the window-opening drilling method using the integrated window-opening and drilling tool in this embodiment can also achieve the above effects.

[0043] The specific structure of the integrated window-opening and drilling tool in this embodiment is described below.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the integrated window drilling tool in this embodiment includes an upper connector 10, a cutting part, a diameter-maintaining part, an octagonal prism 50, a diameter-changing part, and a cutting head 90. The cutting part is configured as an alloy body 20, on which a first alloy block 30 is disposed. The diameter-maintaining part is configured as a diameter-maintaining body 40, and the diameter-changing part is configured as a diameter-changing body 60 and a milling alloy 70. The cutting head 90 is configured with a drilling block 80 and a second alloy block 100. Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper connector 10, alloy body 20, first alloy block 30, diameter-maintaining body 40, octagonal prism 50, diameter-changing body 60, milling alloy 70, and cutting head 90 are arranged sequentially, with the drilling block 80 located outside the cutting head 90 and the second alloy block 100 located inside the cutting head 90.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the upper connector 10 is used to connect the drill rod, the weighted drill rod, or the drill collar, thereby ensuring a stable connection of the integrated window-opening drilling tool. Optionally, the cutting part is used to mill the casing, thereby ensuring smooth subsequent window-opening operations. Specifically, the alloy body 20 in the cutting part can cut the casing, while the first alloy block 30 can mill the casing, thereby allowing adjustment of the window size. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the alloy body 20 is made of cemented carbide, and the first alloy block 30 is made of cemented carbide scrap, thereby ensuring their mechanical strength and enabling them to cut and mill the casing. Optionally, the outer diameters of both the alloy body 20 and the first alloy block 30 are larger than the outer diameter of the upper connector 10, so that the protruding arrangement of the two allows for milling operations on the casing.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the diameter-maintaining portion can grind the window to achieve the target size. Specifically, the cutting portion and the diameter-changing portion are located at both ends of the diameter-maintaining body 40, and the outer diameter of the diameter-maintaining body 40 is smaller than the outer diameter of the cutting portion, that is, the outer diameter of the diameter-maintaining body 40 is smaller than the outer diameter of the alloy body 20 and the first alloy block 30. Thus, the diameter-maintaining body 40 can maintain the width of the window after opening. For example, the octagonal prism 50 is located between the diameter-maintaining portion and the diameter-changing portion, and the outer diameter of the octagonal prism 50 is larger than the outer diameter of the diameter-maintaining body 40 in the diameter-maintaining portion. In this way, the alloy body 20, the first alloy block 30, the diameter-maintaining body 40, and the octagonal prism 50 can form a concave structure, and the octagonal prism 50 can also cut the sleeve. Thus, under the cutting, grinding, and milling action of the alloy body 20, the first alloy block 30, and the octagonal prism 50, the subsequent window opening operation can be ensured to proceed smoothly. For example, the octagonal prism 50 is also made of hard alloy to ensure its mechanical strength during cutting.

[0047] Optionally, the variable diameter section can enlarge the window from small to large, thereby quickly bringing the window to approximately the target size. Then, in conjunction with the alloy body 20, the first alloy block 30, the octagonal prism 50, and the diameter-maintaining body 40, the window is stabilized at the target size. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the outer diameters of the variable diameter body 60 and the milling alloy 70 in the variable diameter section gradually decrease along the axial direction from the upper connector 10 to the cutting head 90, and the milling alloy 70 is located between the variable diameter body 60 and the cutting head 90. Specifically, the minimum outer diameter of the variable diameter body 60 matches the maximum outer diameter of the milling alloy 70, thus first expanding the window diameter using the milling alloy 70, and then further expanding the window diameter using the variable diameter body 60. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the milling alloy 70 is made of rectangular hard alloy. In other embodiments, rectangular hard alloy and hard alloy fragments can also be provided in the octagonal prism 50 to ensure the mechanical strength of the octagonal prism 50; this will not be elaborated further here.

[0048] Optionally, in this embodiment, the cutting head 90 can grind through the casing to create an initial window. Then, under the action of the diameter-changing section and the diameter-maintaining section, the initial window can be enlarged sequentially from small to large, and repeated grinding and cutting operations can be performed until the target size is achieved. Furthermore, the cutting head 90 can also cut the formation and perform drilling operations within the formation, thereby realizing the dual functionality of the integrated window-opening and drilling tool, which can simultaneously perform window-opening and drilling operations, thus avoiding the inefficient operation of repeated drilling trips in the prior art. Specifically, the cutting head 90 is provided with a drilling block 80, and in this embodiment, the drilling block 80 is set as a PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) alloy block for drilling into the formation. Further, a second alloy block 100 is provided on the cutting head 90 to improve the mechanical strength of the cutting head 90, thereby ensuring its drilling effect. For example, the second alloy block 100 is also made of hard alloy, and the particles of the second alloy block 100 are larger than the particles of the first alloy block 30, so as to provide better force when milling casing and cutting formation.

[0049] The specific process of the window drilling method in this embodiment is described below.

[0050] The window drilling method, using an integrated window drilling tool, includes the following steps:

[0051] Connect the upper connector 10 of the integrated window drilling tool to the drill pipe, the weighted drill pipe or the drill collar, and lower the integrated window drilling tool to the target depth in the casing;

[0052] The cutting head 90 contacts the sleeve, and under the action of the second alloy block 100, the sleeve is milled until it is ground through to form the initial window;

[0053] The initial window is enlarged by grinding the alloy 70, the variable diameter body 60 and the octagonal prism 50.

[0054] The initial window was ground to the target size by further grinding the 40 pairs of bushings with the diameter protection body;

[0055] Then, the drilling block 80 contacts the formation and cuts the formation, allowing the integrated window drilling tool to quickly drill into the formation until the 20m anti-magnetic section is completed.

[0056] Finally, lift the integrated window opening and drilling tool to the top of the window and carry out window repair work until there are no obstacles to lifting and lowering. Then, take out the integrated window opening and drilling tool.

[0057] For example, window repair operations can be performed under conditions of high speed and low drilling pressure. Thus, with the drilling block 80 and the second alloy block 100 on the cutting head 90, the PDC alloy block can be fully integrated with the traditional milling cone structure, thereby achieving the effect of combining the two functions of casing milling and formation drilling into one. This allows operators to efficiently complete the casing window opening operation and the drilling of the antimagnetic section using only the integrated window opening and drilling tool in this embodiment. In other words, the casing window opening and antimagnetic section formation drilling can be completed in just one drilling run. Compared with the prior art, at least one drilling run is saved. This not only improves the efficiency of window opening construction and reduces the construction cycle, but also achieves the goal of cost reduction and efficiency improvement, and has good economic and social benefits.

[0058] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated window-opening and drilling tool, characterized in that: include: The upper connector (10), cutting section, diameter-maintaining section, diameter-changing section, and cutting head (90) are arranged in sequence. The upper connector (10) is used to connect drill pipe, weighted drill pipe, or drill collar. The cutting head (90) can grind through the casing to make an initial window and can cut the formation and perform drilling operations in the formation. The diameter-changing section can enlarge the initial window from small to large. The diameter-maintaining section can grind the initial window to achieve the target size. The cutting section is used to mill the casing.

2. The integrated window-opening drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting part is configured as an alloy body (20), and a first alloy block (30) is provided on the alloy body (20). The alloy body (20) can cut the sleeve, and the first alloy block (30) can mill the sleeve.

3. The integrated window-opening drilling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The alloy body (20) is made of hard alloy block, and the first alloy block (30) is made of hard alloy scrap.

4. The integrated window-opening drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter-maintaining part is configured as a diameter-maintaining body (40), the cutting part and the diameter-changing part are respectively located at both ends of the diameter-maintaining body (40), and the outer diameter of the diameter-maintaining body (40) is smaller than the outer diameter of the cutting part.

5. The integrated window-opening drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable diameter section is configured as a variable diameter body (60) and a milling alloy (70). The outer diameters of the variable diameter body (60) and the milling alloy (70) gradually decrease along the axial direction from the upper connector (10) to the cutting head (90), and the milling alloy (70) is located between the variable diameter body (60) and the cutting head (90).

6. The integrated window-opening drilling tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, The milling alloy (70) is made of rectangular hard alloy.

7. The integrated window-opening drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, An octagonal prism (50) is also provided between the diameter-maintaining part and the diameter-changing part. The outer diameter of the octagonal prism (50) is larger than the outer diameter of the diameter-maintaining part, and the octagonal prism (50) is capable of cutting the sleeve.

8. The integrated window-opening drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting head (90) is provided with a drilling block (80), which is a PDC alloy block used for drilling into the formation.

9. The integrated window-opening drilling tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cutting head (90) is provided with a second alloy block (100), which is also made of hard carbide, and the particles of the second alloy block (100) are larger than the particles of the first alloy block (30).

10. A window-opening drilling method, wherein the integrated window-opening drilling tool described in any one of claims 1-9 is used for the operation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Connect the upper connector (10) of the integrated window drilling tool to the drill rod, the weighted drill rod or the drill collar, and lower the integrated window drilling tool to the target depth in the casing; The cutting head (90) contacts the sleeve and, under the action of the second alloy block (100), mills the sleeve until it is worn through to form the initial window; The initial window is enlarged by grinding the initial window with an alloy (70), a variable diameter body (60), and an octagonal prism (50); The casing is further ground by the diaphragm protector (40) so that the initial window is ground to the target size; Then, the drilling block (80) contacts the formation and cuts the formation, so that the integrated window drilling tool can quickly drill into the formation until the 20m antimagnetic section is completed. Finally, the integrated window opening and drilling tool is lifted to the top of the window and window repair work is carried out until there are no obstacles in lifting and lowering it. Then, the integrated window opening and drilling tool is taken out.

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