Method, device and system for acquiring indicator diagram of oil pumping unit

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for acquiring an indicator diagram of a pumping unit. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a stroke value and load time sequence data of the pumping unit; calculating stroke frequency data based on the load time sequence data; calculating displacement time sequence data in a complete period based on the load time sequence data, the stroke frequency data and the stroke value; and obtaining an indicator diagram curve based on the load time sequence data in the complete period and the corresponding displacement time sequence data. The invention further discloses a device and a system for acquiring the indicator diagram of the oil pumping unit. An acceleration sensor or an angular displacement sensor does not need to be installed, and an indicator diagram can be drawn only by continuously measuring load values.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil pumping unit technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and system for obtaining an indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of an oil pumping unit, it is necessary to detect the dynamometer card of the pumping well. The specific method involves the polished rod and the entire downhole sucker rod string being driven by the suspension cable attached to the pumping unit's auger, causing the plunger of the deep well pump at the bottom to move up and down once. During this process, the load and displacement on the polished rod will form a functional relationship curve, i.e., the dynamometer card. For a long time, oilfields have commonly used dynamometer cards to diagnose the operating conditions of pumping wells. Dynamometer cards are typically measured using a combination of load sensors and angular displacement sensors or accelerometers. The dynamometer card is then generated by host computer software, and technicians manually analyze the dynamometer card to diagnose the well condition. This approach has the following problems: When using an integrated load-displacement sensor to measure the pumping unit dynamometer card, the displacement data calculated by integrating the accelerometer often results in inaccurate displacement measurements, causing inconsistent values ​​for each stroke. Using a combination of angular displacement and load sensors is complex to install, requiring the addition of remote terminal units (RTUs) and other equipment to simultaneously collect load and displacement data, increasing the cost of the pumping unit dynamometer card detection equipment.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need to improve the existing methods for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method, device and system for obtaining the dynamometer diagram of an oil pumping unit. This invention only requires continuous measurement of load values ​​and does not require the installation of an acceleration sensor or angular displacement sensor to realize the drawing of the dynamometer diagram.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, one aspect of the present invention provides a method for obtaining an indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit, comprising the following steps: S1 acquires the stroke value and load timing data of the pumping unit; S2 calculates the impulse data based on load timing data; S3 calculates displacement time series data within a complete cycle based on load time series data, stroke data, and stroke value. S4 obtains the indicator curve based on the load time series data and the corresponding displacement time series data within the complete cycle.

[0006] In some implementations, in S2, the calculation of impulse data based on load timing data includes: Filter the load time series data; Load time series curves are generated based on the filtered load time series data; The number of strokes was calculated based on the load time-series curve.

[0007] In some implementations, the number of impulses is calculated based on the load-time curve, including: Based on the load time series data, the difference between adjacent load data is calculated sequentially to form adjacent point load difference data. The adjacent point load difference data is compared to identify the convex and concave points of the load time series curve. Based on the convex or concave points, the number of periodic sampling points is obtained. Based on the number of periodic sampling points and the sampling time interval, the impulse data is calculated.

[0008] In some implementations, the impulse data is calculated based on the number of periodic sampling points and the sampling time interval, including: The complete stroke time of the pumping unit is obtained by multiplying the number of periodic sampling points by the sampling time interval, and the stroke data is calculated by using the complete stroke time.

[0009] In some implementations, calculating the number of periodic sampling points based on convex or concave points includes: Select two adjacent convex points or two adjacent concave points to calculate the number of periodic sampling points.

[0010] In some implementations, in S3, the displacement time series data for a complete cycle is calculated based on load time series data, stroke data, and the stroke value of the pumping unit, including: Periodic data identification is performed on the load time series data to obtain a complete set of load time series data for a complete cycle; The displacement time series data within the complete cycle is calculated based on the load time series data, stroke data, and stroke value of the pumping unit.

[0011] In some implementations, periodic data identification is performed on the load time series data to obtain a complete set of load time series data for a single cycle, including: Load time series curves are generated based on load time series data. The top dead center and bottom dead center position data of the pumping unit are obtained from the load time series curves. The load data between two adjacent top dead centers or two bottom dead centers in the load time series curves are extracted to obtain a complete set of load time series data for a complete cycle.

[0012] In some implementations, displacement time series data over a complete cycle is calculated based on load time series data, stroke data, and stroke values, including: Based on a complete cycle of load time-series data, stroke data, and stroke values, the coordinates of the load sampling points are normalized. The displacement value corresponding to each load sampling point is then calculated based on the normalized coordinate values. The calculation method is as follows: S i =A*DN i 4-B*DN i 3 +C*DN i 2 -D*DN i +E Among them, S i Here are the displacement values ​​corresponding to each load sampling point; A, B, C, D, and E are all constants; DN i The normalized coordinate values ​​of the load sampling points for a complete cycle.

[0013] In another aspect, the present invention provides a device for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit, the device comprising: The data acquisition module is configured to acquire the stroke value and load timing data of the pumping unit. The impulse calculation module is configured to calculate impulse data based on load time series data. The displacement calculation module is configured to calculate displacement time series data within a complete cycle based on load time series data, stroke data, and stroke value. The dynamometer diagram generation module is configured to generate dynamometer diagram curves based on load time-series data and corresponding displacement time-series data within a complete cycle.

[0014] Another aspect of the present invention provides a system for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit, the system comprising: Load sensor, configured to acquire the load on the polished rod of the pumping unit; The host computer is connected to the load sensor and configured to execute the above method.

[0015] In some implementations, the sampling time of the load sensor is set to 50ms to 120ms, and the load sensor stores 600 to 1200 load timing data.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: (1) The installation of acceleration sensors or angular displacement sensors is eliminated, which greatly simplifies the installation process of the equipment and reduces the requirements for the professional skills of the installers; (2) It avoids the cumulative error that may be introduced by integrating displacement through acceleration sensor. It directly obtains displacement data through load displacement sensor to calculate displacement data, which can more accurately reflect the actual motion state of the pumping unit, thereby improving the drawing accuracy and reliability of the indicator diagram. (3) No additional equipment such as remote terminal units (RTU) is needed to synchronously collect load and displacement data, which reduces equipment investment and lowers the overall cost of the detection system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The original and filtered load curves of continuous load data provided by this invention; Figure 3 The load adjacent point difference curve provided by this invention; Figure 4 The sampling order and displacement curve provided for this invention; Figure 5 The fitted indicator curve provided by this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the pumping unit indicator diagram acquisition device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and the accompanying drawings.

[0020] It should be noted that all uses of "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of distinguishing two entities or parameters with the same name but different names. It is clear that "first" and "second" are only for the convenience of expression and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Subsequent embodiments will not explain this in detail.

[0021] Based on the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides an embodiment of a method for obtaining an indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit. Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit provided by the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: S1 acquires the stroke value and load timing data of the pumping unit; S2 calculates the impulse data based on load timing data; S3 calculates displacement time series data within a complete cycle based on load time series data, stroke data, and stroke value. S4 obtains the indicator curve based on the load time series data and the corresponding displacement time series data within the complete cycle.

[0022] Furthermore, in S1, the stroke value of the pumping unit is obtained, denoted as S, in meters. In production, this value is generally a constant. When the stroke of the pumping unit is adjusted, this data is remeasured and stored in the computer database.

[0023] Furthermore, in S2, impulse data is calculated based on load time series data, including: Filter the load time series data; Load time series curves are generated based on the filtered load time series data; The number of strokes was calculated based on the load time-series curve.

[0024] Furthermore, based on the load-time curve, the stroke data were calculated, including: Based on the load time series data, the difference between adjacent load data is calculated sequentially to form adjacent point load difference data. The adjacent point load difference data is compared to identify the convex and concave points of the load time series curve. Based on the convex or concave points, the number of periodic sampling points is obtained. Based on the number of periodic sampling points and the sampling time interval, the impulse data is calculated.

[0025] Furthermore, the impulse data calculated based on the number of periodic sampling points and the sampling time interval includes: The complete stroke time of the pumping unit is obtained by multiplying the number of periodic sampling points by the sampling time interval, and the stroke data is calculated by using the complete stroke time.

[0026] Furthermore, calculating the number of periodic sampling points based on convex or concave points includes: Select two adjacent convex points or two adjacent concave points to calculate the number of periodic sampling points.

[0027] Furthermore, in S3, the displacement time series data within a complete cycle is calculated based on the load time series data, stroke data, and pumping unit stroke value, including: Periodic data identification is performed on the load time series data to obtain a complete set of load time series data for a complete cycle; The displacement time series data within the complete cycle is calculated based on the load time series data, stroke data, and stroke value of the pumping unit.

[0028] Furthermore, periodic data identification is performed on the load time series data to obtain a complete set of load time series data for a complete cycle, including: Load time series curves are generated based on load time series data. The top dead center and bottom dead center position data of the pumping unit are obtained from the load time series curves. The load data between two adjacent top dead centers or two bottom dead centers in the load time series curves are extracted to obtain a complete set of load time series data for a complete cycle.

[0029] Furthermore, based on load time series data, stroke data, and stroke values, displacement time series data within a complete cycle is calculated, including: Load sampling point coordinates are normalized based on load time-series data and stroke data from a complete cycle, specifically by normalizing the coordinates of the load sampling points to continuously varying values ​​between 0 and 1. The normalization process is performed based on the changes in load time-series data from the complete cycle combined with the stroke values. The displacement value corresponding to each load sampling point is then calculated based on the normalized coordinate values. The calculation method is as follows: S i =A*DN i 4 -B*DN i 3 +C*DN i 2 -D*DN i +E Among them, S i Here are the displacement values ​​corresponding to each load sampling point; A, B, C, D, and E are constants based on different stroke pumping unit systems; DN i The normalized coordinate values ​​of the load sampling points for a complete cycle are used. The method of this invention calculates displacement values ​​based on the changes in load sampling, thus eliminating the need for traditional accelerometers to collect the acceleration of the sucker rod for displacement calculation. This avoids the error problems of accelerometers and improves the accuracy and reliability of dynamometer diagram drawing.

[0030] Furthermore, in S4, the indicator curve is obtained based on the load time series data and the corresponding displacement time series data within the complete cycle. The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0031] Obtain the stroke value of the pumping unit, continuously measure a set of load data, and perform filtering calculations. For example... Figure 2 The diagram shows the original and filtered load curves of continuous load data provided by this invention. The red curve represents the original load curve, and the blue curve represents the filtered load curve. Figure 2 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the sampling sequence number, and the vertical axis represents the load measurement value. Load time-series curves are plotted based on load time-series data. The differences between adjacent load data points are then calculated sequentially from the load time-series curves to form a set of load difference data for adjacent points, such as... Figure 3 The figure shows the load difference curve between adjacent points provided by the present invention. The horizontal axis represents the sampling sequence number, which is 1, 51, 101, 151, 201, 251, 301, 351, 401, 451, 501, 551, 601. The vertical axis represents the difference between the load measurement values ​​of two adjacent sampling points.

[0032] By comparing the load data of adjacent points, the coordinates of convex and concave points on the curve are obtained. The number of sampling points in one cycle can be calculated by calculating the coordinates of convex points (called upper peak points) that are greater than a certain deviation value or by simultaneously calculating the coordinates of concave points (called lower valley points) that are less than a certain deviation value. This number is denoted as DN. The number of sampling points in a cycle multiplied by the sampling time interval is the time of one complete stroke of the pumping unit. Thus, the pumping unit well stroke data can be calculated.

[0033] The coordinates of the upper peak and lower trough values ​​of the curve were obtained, and it was found that the number of sampling points for one cycle of the pumping unit was 102, the sampling time interval was 120ms, the cycle time of the pumping unit was 12.24 seconds, and the stroke rate was 4.9 times / minute. Find the coordinates of the concave point before the upper peak and the convex point before the lower valley to obtain the coordinates of the upper dead point and the lower dead point. Among them, points 67 and 169 are the coordinates of the lower dead point, and points 22 and 124 are the coordinates of the upper dead point. By extracting load data from segments 67 to 169 and converting the stroke to 0-1 data, the change of stroke between the two bottom dead centers over time was obtained. Load time-series data, combined with stroke and stroke data, are normalized to determine coordinate positions, and displacement values ​​at different sampling sequences are calculated, such as... Figure 4 The figure shows the sampling order and displacement curve provided by the present invention. The horizontal axis represents the normalized sampling order value, and the vertical axis represents the corresponding displacement value. By obtaining the load values ​​from points 67 to 169 and their corresponding displacement values, a dynamometer diagram is plotted, as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0034] It should be particularly noted that the steps in each embodiment of the above-mentioned method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit can be interleaved, substituted, added, or deleted. Therefore, these reasonable permutations and combinations of the method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit should also fall within the protection scope of this invention, and the protection scope of this invention should not be limited to the embodiments.

[0035] Based on the above objectives, a second aspect of the present invention provides a device for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit. Figure 6 This diagram illustrates an embodiment of the pumping unit indicator diagram acquisition device provided by the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the pumping unit indicator diagram acquisition device of this embodiment includes the following modules: Data acquisition module 011 is configured to acquire the stroke value and load timing data of the pumping unit; Stroke calculation module 012 is configured to calculate stroke data based on load time series data; Displacement calculation module 013 is configured to calculate displacement time series data within a complete cycle based on load time series data, stroke data, and stroke value. The dynamometer diagram generation module 014 is configured to generate dynamometer diagram curves based on load time series data and corresponding displacement time series data within a complete cycle.

[0036] Another aspect of the present invention includes a system for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit, comprising: Load sensor, configured to acquire the load on the polished rod of the pumping unit; The host computer is connected to the load sensor and configured to execute the above method.

[0037] In some implementations, the sampling time of the load sensor is set to 50ms to 120ms, and the load sensor stores 600 to 1200 load timing data.

[0038] Furthermore, the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention can also be implemented as a computer program executed by a processor, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it performs the functions defined in the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Furthermore, the above-described method steps and system units can also be implemented using a controller and a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that enables the controller to perform the functions of the above-described steps or units.

[0040] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the disclosure herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability between hardware and software, the functionality of various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps has been generally described. Whether this functionality is implemented as software or as hardware depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole. Those skilled in the art can implement the functionality in various ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be construed as departing from the scope of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0041] The above are exemplary embodiments disclosed in this invention. However, it should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this invention as defined by the claims. The functions, steps, and / or actions of the methods according to the disclosed embodiments described herein do not need to be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although the elements disclosed in the embodiments of this invention may be described or claimed individually, they may be understood as multiple unless explicitly limited to a singular number.

[0042] It should be understood that, as used herein, the singular form “a” is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly supports an exception. It should also be understood that, as used herein, “and / or” refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0043] The embodiment numbers disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0044] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above embodiments can be implemented by hardware or by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk.

[0045] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Within the framework of the invention, technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can be combined, and many other variations of different aspects of the invention exist, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 acquires the stroke value and load timing data of the pumping unit; S2 calculates the impulse data based on the load timing data; S3 calculates displacement time series data within a complete cycle based on the load time series data, the stroke data, and the stroke value; S4 obtains the indicator curve based on the load time series data and the corresponding displacement time series data within the complete cycle.

2. The method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the impulse data is calculated based on the load timing data, including: The load time series data is filtered. Load time series curves are generated based on the filtered load time series data; The number of strokes is calculated based on the load time-series curve.

3. The method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the load time-series curve, the stroke data is calculated, including: Based on the load time series data, the difference between adjacent load data is calculated sequentially to form adjacent point load difference data. The adjacent point load difference data is compared to identify the convex and concave points of the load time series curve. The number of periodic sampling points is obtained based on the convex or concave points. The number of impulses is calculated based on the number of periodic sampling points and the sampling time interval.

4. The method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pulse data calculated based on the number of periodic sampling points and the sampling time interval includes: The complete stroke time of the pumping unit is obtained by multiplying the number of periodic sampling points by the sampling time interval, and the stroke data is calculated using the complete stroke time.

5. The method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calculation of the periodic sampling points based on the convex or concave points includes: Select two adjacent convex points or two adjacent concave points to calculate the number of periodic sampling points.

6. The method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the displacement time series data for a complete cycle is calculated based on the load time series data, the stroke data, and the stroke value of the pumping unit, including: Periodic data identification is performed on the load time series data to obtain a complete set of load time series data for a complete cycle; The displacement timing data within the complete cycle is calculated based on the load timing data of the complete cycle, the stroke data, and the stroke value of the pumping unit.

7. The method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, Periodic data identification is performed on the load time series data to obtain a complete set of load time series data for a complete cycle, including: Based on the load time series data, a load time series curve is generated. The top dead center and bottom dead center position data of the pumping unit are obtained from the load time series curve. The load data between two adjacent top dead centers or two bottom dead centers in the load time series curve is extracted to obtain a complete cycle of load time series data.

8. The method for obtaining the indicator diagram of an oil pumping unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the load time series data, the stroke data, and the stroke value, displacement time series data within a complete cycle is calculated, including: Based on the load time series data of a complete cycle, the stroke data, and the stroke value, the load sampling point coordinates are normalized. The displacement value corresponding to each load sampling point is then calculated based on the normalized coordinate values. The calculation method is as follows: S i =A*DN i 4 -B*DN i 3 +C*DN i 2 -D*DN i +E Among them, S i Here are the displacement values ​​corresponding to each load sampling point; A, B, C, D, and E are all constants; DN i The normalized coordinate values ​​of the load sampling points for a complete cycle.

9. A device for obtaining the dynamometer card of an oil pumping unit, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is configured to acquire the stroke value and load timing data of the pumping unit. The impulse calculation module is configured to calculate impulse data based on the load timing data. The displacement calculation module is configured to calculate displacement time series data within a complete cycle based on the load time series data, the stroke data, and the stroke value. The dynamometer diagram generation module is configured to generate dynamometer diagram curves based on the load time-series data and the corresponding displacement time-series data within the complete cycle.

10. A system for acquiring dynamometer diagrams of an oil pumping unit, characterized in that, include: A load sensor configured to acquire the load on the polished rod of a pumping unit; A host computer, which is communicatively connected to the load sensor, is configured to execute the method described in any one of claims 1-8.

11. The pumping unit indicator diagram acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling time of the load sensor is set to 50ms~120ms, and the load sensor stores 600~1200 load time-series data.

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