Worm and gear speed reducer easy to internally lubricate and assembling method of worm and gear speed reducer

Abstract

The invention discloses a worm and gear speed reducer easy to lubricate inside and an assembling method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of speed reduction equipment. The speed reducer comprises a shell, a worm, a worm gear and an integrated lubricating module fixed to the end face of the worm gear. The module comprises a spiral flow guide oil collecting piece, a multi-cavity centrifugal pressurizing piece and a dynamic injection orientation piece which are stacked in sequence. The spiral guide oil collecting sheet pumps lubricating oil at the starting moment by utilizing a spiral groove; a centrifugal blade and a throttling structure are arranged in the multi-cavity centrifugal pressurizing piece, and oil liquid is pressurized and purified through centrifugal force; and the dynamic injection orientation sheet synchronously rotates along with the worm gear and accurately injects high-pressure oil liquid to an engaging area of the tooth surface of the worm gear. Zero-waiting starting oil supply, low-speed active pressurization and dynamic precise lubrication are achieved, the lubrication efficiency and bearing capacity are remarkably improved, the service life is remarkably prolonged, the online self-purification function is achieved, the structure is compact, and reliability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of speed reduction equipment technology, specifically relating to a worm gear reducer with easy internal lubrication and its assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] Worm gear reducers are widely used in key areas such as automated production lines, heavy machinery, elevator traction machines, and wind power pitch systems due to their compact structure, large transmission ratio, smooth operation, and self-locking characteristics. However, the worm gear meshing pair involves sliding friction, with high relative sliding speed and high contact stress. The quality of its lubrication directly determines the reducer's load-bearing capacity, transmission efficiency, temperature rise, and service life.

[0003] Currently, most mainstream worm gear reducers employ splash lubrication, which relies on the worm threads or worm gear teeth immersed in an oil bath to agitate the oil and splash it to various lubrication points during rotation. While this method is structurally simple, it suffers from the following inherent and long-standing technical drawbacks: 1. When the machine is stopped, the lubricating oil flows back to the oil sump under gravity, and the meshing tooth surfaces are in a state of dry friction. In the initial stage of startup, until the speed reaches a critical value sufficient to generate effective splashing (usually several seconds to tens of seconds), the tooth surfaces are always in a state of boundary lubrication or even dry friction. This problem is particularly fatal for equipment that is frequently started and stopped.

[0004] 2. The amount of oil splashed is strongly positively correlated with the worm gear speed. When the reducer operates at low speed and under heavy load, the worm gear linear velocity is insufficient to effectively splash the oil, resulting in the inability to establish an oil film in the meshing area. This directly leads to tooth surface scuffing, scratches, or even "worm gear burnout" accidents. Although existing technologies employ forced external oil pumps, this increases system complexity and cost, and carries the risk of pump failure causing overall machine failure.

[0005] 3. The flow direction of splash lubrication oil is random, and it is difficult to obtain a stable and continuous oil supply to the meshing area of ​​the worm gear tooth root and the local high points of the tooth surface.

[0006] In summary, developing a novel worm gear lubrication system capable of zero-wait oil supply at startup, active pressurization at low speeds, controllable injection at high speeds, and online self-cleaning is a technical problem that those skilled in the art have long desired to solve but have yet to succeed in. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides an easily internally lubricated worm gear reducer and its assembly method. The spiral guide oil collector pumps lubricating oil in at startup using spiral grooves. The multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate has centrifugal blades and a throttling structure inside, which uses centrifugal force to pressurize and purify the oil. The dynamic injection directional plate rotates synchronously with the worm gear and accurately sprays high-pressure oil onto the meshing area of ​​the worm gear teeth, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a worm gear reducer with easy internal lubrication, comprising: The shell has an oil pool at its bottom; The worm gear is rotatably disposed within the housing; A worm gear is rotatably disposed within the housing and meshes with the worm. An integrated lubrication module is fixedly installed on the end face of the worm gear and is used to rotate synchronously with the worm gear to pump and pressurize the lubricating oil in the oil sump and then dynamically spray it into the meshing area between the worm gear and the worm.

[0009] As a further option, the integrated lubrication module includes a spiral flow guide oil collecting plate, a multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing plate, and a dynamic spray directional plate stacked sequentially along the axial direction. The spiral flow guide oil collecting plate is used to pump lubricating oil, the multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing plate is used to pressurize and purify the received lubricating oil, and the dynamic spray directional plate is used to spray the pressurized lubricating oil into the meshing area.

[0010] As a further option, the spiral guide oil collecting plate is provided with a spiral guide groove on the side facing the oil pool, and the end of the spiral guide groove is provided with an oil passage hole that penetrates the spiral guide oil collecting plate, and a filter element is provided in the oil passage hole.

[0011] As a further option, the spiral guide groove includes an inner spiral groove and an outer spiral groove, the end of which is provided with a wedge-shaped groove with a gradually decreasing cross-sectional area, and the wedge-shaped groove is connected to the oil passage.

[0012] As a further option, the multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate is internally divided into at least two independent annular chambers by radial partitions. The annular chambers include an oil collecting chamber, a transition chamber, and a high-pressure injection chamber arranged radially in sequence. The oil collecting chamber is connected to the oil passage of the spiral guide oil collecting plate, and a magnetic ring is provided inside it. The transition chamber is connected to the oil collecting chamber via a one-way valve and is equipped with centrifugal blades inside. The high-pressure injection chamber is connected to the transition chamber through a throttling structure, and the high-pressure injection chamber is provided with a high-pressure oil outlet that is connected to the dynamic injection directional plate.

[0013] As a further option, the dynamic injection directional plate is provided with an injection unit, the injection focus of which is aligned with the meshing area of ​​the worm gear tooth surface.

[0014] As a further option, the spiral guide oil collecting plate, the multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate, and the dynamic injection directional plate are circumferentially positioned by positioning pins and fixed to the end face of the worm gear by bolts.

[0015] As a further option, end face sealing rings are provided between the mating surfaces of the spiral flow guide oil collecting plate, the multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate and the dynamic injection directional plate, as well as between the integrated lubrication module and the end face of the worm gear.

[0016] As a further option, the surface of the magnetic ring is machined with radial ridges.

[0017] An assembly method for a speed reducer based on any one of the above-mentioned methods includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare all components; Step 2: Stack the spiral guide oil collecting plate, multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate and dynamic injection directional plate in sequence, and position them with positioning pins to ensure the internal oil circuit connection; Step 3: Secure the stacked integrated lubrication modules to the end face of the worm gear using bolts; Step 4: Install the worm gear equipped with the integrated lubrication module into the housing and mesh it with the worm, then inject lubricating oil into the oil sump; Step 5: Drive the worm gear to rotate the worm wheel and verify the injection direction and oil supply continuity of the injection unit.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention provides an integrated lubrication module that rotates synchronously with the worm gear on the end face of the worm gear. It utilizes the rotational kinetic energy of the worm gear itself to achieve active oil pumping, pressurization, and directional injection. It requires no external power source, has a compact structure, and high reliability.

[0019] 2. This invention uses a spiral guide oil collecting plate to quickly transport the lubricating oil in the oil sump to the oil passage hole at the moment of startup, achieving zero-wait oil supply during the startup phase and fundamentally solving the problem of dry friction during the startup phase of traditional splash lubrication methods.

[0020] 3. This invention utilizes the centrifugal blades and throttling structure inside the multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate to generate sufficient injection pressure under low-speed conditions, ensuring a stable supply of lubricating oil to the meshing area under low-speed heavy-load conditions, effectively preventing tooth surface scuffing and worm gear burnout accidents.

[0021] 4. This invention uses a magnetic ring within the oil collecting chamber to capture ferromagnetic wear debris online, while simultaneously using a filter element to intercept large particles of impurities. This significantly reduces the contaminant content in the oil, preventing secondary damage to the gear surfaces from the wear debris and extending the service life of the reducer. More importantly, this purification mechanism is positioned before pressurization and injection, effectively protecting the downstream throttling structure and injection unit from clogging, ensuring the long-term reliability of the system.

[0022] 5. This invention uses a dynamic spray directional plate to precisely spray lubricating oil onto the meshing area of ​​the worm gear teeth, and the spray unit rotates synchronously with the worm gear, achieving continuous and precise lubrication of the dynamic meshing area, eliminating the lubrication dead zone present in traditional splash lubrication methods, and improving lubrication efficiency.

[0023] 6. The integrated lubrication module of this invention adopts a three-layer functional plate stacking structure. Each functional plate is independently processed and assembled, resulting in good manufacturability and easy maintenance and replacement. When the filter element is clogged or the module needs maintenance, the entire module can be removed simply by unscrewing the bolts, and the functional plates can be separated for cleaning or replacement, significantly improving maintainability. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0025] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the spiral flow guide oil collecting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side cross-sectional view of the spiral flow guide oil collecting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a rear view schematic diagram of the spiral flow guide oil collecting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view schematic diagram of the multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a side cross-sectional view of the multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a front view schematic diagram of the dynamic jet directional sheet structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8This is a side cross-sectional view of the dynamic jetting directional sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1-Housing; 2-Worm; 3-Worm wheel; 4-Oil sump; 5-Bolt; 6-Helical guide oil collecting plate; 7-Multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate; 8-Dynamic injection directional plate; 9-Positioning pin; 10-End face sealing ring; 11-Inner ring helical groove; 12-Outer ring helical groove; 13-Wedge groove; 14-Oil passage hole; 15-Filter element; 16-Radial baffle; 17-Oil collecting chamber; 18-Magnetic ring; 19-Radial convex ridge; 20-Transition chamber; 21-One-way valve; 22-Centrifugal blade; 23-Throttling structure; 24-High-pressure injection chamber; 25-High-pressure oil outlet; 26-Injection unit. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1: Overall Structure See Figure 1 A worm gear reducer with easy internal lubrication includes a cast iron housing 1, a carburized and quenched worm 2, and a worm wheel 3. An oil sump 4 is formed at the bottom of the housing 1, and worm gear oil is added to the oil sump 4, with the oil level ensuring that the lower part of the spiral guide oil collector 6 is submerged.

[0029] An integrated lubrication module is fixedly mounted on the left end face of the worm gear 3 (the side away from the output end) by six circumferentially distributed bolts 5. This module consists of a spiral guide oil collecting plate 6, a multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate 7, and a dynamic injection directional plate 8 stacked axially from left to right (i.e., from the direction away from the worm gear tooth surface to the direction closer to the worm gear tooth surface). Two circumferentially distributed locating pins 9 ensure circumferential angle alignment between the functional plates, allowing for precise alignment of the internal oil passages. End face sealing rings 10 are provided between each contact surface and between the module and the worm gear end face to prevent oil leakage.

[0030] Bolt 5 adopts a mechanical anti-loosening structure, specifically by setting a locking washer between the bolt head and the module, or by applying anti-loosening adhesive to the thread and using an anti-loosening nut to ensure the module's fixation reliability under high-speed rotation and alternating loads.

[0031] Spiral guide oil collecting plate See Figures 2-4The spiral guide oil collecting plate 6 is an overall annular disc, made of aluminum alloy and CNC machined. It has a double spiral guide groove structure machined on its left outer side facing the oil sump (i.e., the side away from the worm gear tooth surface).

[0032] The inner spiral groove 11 is an Archimedean spiral, preferably with 3 turns. The cross-section of the groove is a dovetail groove structure that gradually increases from the groove opening to the outside and then to the inside. This structure helps to confine the lubricating oil in the groove during rotation and prevents it from falling out. The oil in the oil pool near the inner ring is "scraped" and transported radially outward using the spiral pumping principle.

[0033] The outer spiral groove 12 is a logarithmic spiral, preferably with 2 turns. The cross-section of the groove is also a dovetail groove structure that gradually increases from the groove opening to the outside and then to the inside. This spiral has equal angle characteristics and high pumping efficiency.

[0034] The inner spiral groove 11 and the outer spiral groove 12 intersect at a predetermined radial radius. Multiple wedge-shaped grooves 13 are spaced circumferentially at the end of the outer spiral groove 12. The cross-sectional area of ​​each wedge-shaped groove 13 gradually decreases along the oil flow direction, further compressing and pre-pressurizing the oil. An oil passage hole 14, penetrating the spiral guide oil collecting plate 6, is correspondingly provided at the outlet of the wedge-shaped groove 13.

[0035] Each oil passage 14 is press-fitted with a conical slit filter screen as a filter element 15, with a slit width of 0.2mm, to intercept large particulate impurities and prevent subsequent oil passage blockage. This filter element 15 is a replaceable part. During module maintenance, the integrated lubrication module can be removed as a whole by unscrewing the bolts 5, and the individual functional pieces can be separated for cleaning or replacement.

[0036] Multi-chamber centrifugal booster tablets See Figures 5-6 The multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate 7 is annular in shape and is injection molded from high-strength engineering plastic PEEK (polyether ether ketone) to reduce rotational inertia and facilitate the molding of complex internal chambers.

[0037] The centrifugal booster plate 7 is internally divided into three independent annular chambers by radial partitions 16, which are arranged radially from the inside out as follows: Oil collecting chamber 17: This chamber communicates with the oil passage 14 of the spiral guide oil collecting plate 6, and receives the pre-pressurized and filtered oil. A neodymium iron boron magnetic ring 18 is embedded in the inner wall of the oil collecting chamber 17 to adsorb ferromagnetic wear debris in the oil. The surface of the magnetic ring 18 is machined with radial ridges 19 to generate localized turbulence during rotation, improving wear debris capture efficiency. The magnetic ring 18 is fixed using a combination of interference fit and adhesive bonding to ensure it does not fall off under high-speed rotation.

[0038] Transition chamber 20: This chamber is connected to the oil collecting chamber 17 via multiple circumferentially distributed one-way valves 21. The one-way valves 21 allow oil to flow from the oil collecting chamber 17 to the transition chamber 20, preventing backflow. The transition chamber 20 is equipped with radially arranged centrifugal blades 22, integrally injection molded with the housing of the centrifugal booster plate 7. When the worm gear 3 rotates, the centrifugal blades 22 drive the oil in the chamber to rotate synchronously at high speed. The oil particles are subjected to centrifugal force, generating a radial pressure gradient, thus achieving centrifugal boosting.

[0039] High-pressure injection chamber 24: This chamber is connected to the transition chamber 20 via a throttling structure 23. The throttling structure 23 is a microporous throttling plate with multiple circumferentially distributed throttling orifices. After passing through the throttling orifices, the flow velocity of the oil tends to stabilize, and the pressure becomes uniform. Multiple circumferentially distributed high-pressure oil outlets 25 are opened on the outer edge of the centrifugal booster plate 7. One end of the oil outlet 25 passes through the high-pressure injection chamber 24, and the other end passes through the surface that is in contact with the dynamic injection directional plate 8. The corresponding dynamic injection directional plate 8 has oil passages that correspond one-to-one with the oil outlets 25, and the other end of each oil passage passes through and connects to the injection unit 26.

[0040] Dynamic spray directional sheet See Figures 7-8 The dynamic spraying guide plate 8 is a circular disc made of stainless steel, which has high strength and erosion resistance. On the right end face of the dynamic spraying guide plate 8 facing the worm gear tooth surface, multiple spraying units 26 are evenly arranged circumferentially. The spraying units 26 and the dynamic spraying guide plate 8 are integrally formed, avoiding loosening and sealing problems of threaded connections.

[0041] The injection unit 26 is a converging nozzle, with the injection focus aimed at the meshing area of ​​the worm gear tooth surface. Since the injection unit 26 rotates synchronously with the worm gear 3, the injection axis can continuously and dynamically point to the tooth surface that is about to enter the meshing area, ensuring that the lubricating oil is always accurately sprayed to the meshing initiation area that needs the most lubrication during the rotation of the worm gear, and spreads along the tooth surface under the combined action of centrifugal force and impact force.

[0042] Example 2: Assembly Method See Figure 9 This embodiment provides an assembly method for the above-mentioned speed reducer, specifically including the following steps: Step 1: Component preparation: Press-fit the filter element 15 into the oil passage hole 14 of the spiral guide oil collecting plate 6; embed the magnetic ring 18 into the inner wall of the oil collecting chamber 17 of the multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate 7 using a combination of interference fit and adhesive bonding; install the one-way valve 21 in the valve hole between the oil collecting chamber 17 and the transition chamber 20 to ensure that the one-way flow direction is correct.

[0043] Step Two: Functional Plate Stacking and Positioning: Stack the spiral guide oil collecting plate 6, the multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate 7, and the dynamic injection directional plate 8 in axial order. Insert two circumferentially distributed positioning pins 9 for circumferential positioning to ensure precise alignment of the oil passage 14, the inlet of the one-way valve 21, the high-pressure oil outlet 25, and the corresponding oil circuit of the injection unit 26. Install end face sealing rings 10 between each mating surface, and also install end face sealing rings 10 between the bottom functional plate and the worm gear end face.

[0044] Step 3: Module fixing: Use six circumferentially distributed bolts 5 to fix the stacked integrated lubrication module to the end face of the worm gear 3. The tightening torque of the bolts 5 is controlled according to the design value, and after tightening, a mechanical anti-loosening structure (such as a locking washer or anti-loosening adhesive) is used for anti-loosening treatment.

[0045] Step 4: Assembly: Install the worm gear 3, equipped with the integrated lubrication module, into the housing 1 and ensure it meshes correctly with the worm 2. Adjust the meshing clearance of the worm gear pair to the design requirements. Inject worm gear oil into the oil sump 4 of the housing 1, ensuring the oil level completely submerges the lowermost edge of the spiral guide oil collector 6. Install an axial limiting component between the end face of the worm gear 3 and the housing 1 to complete the assembly.

[0046] Step 5: Functional Verification: Drive the worm 2 to rotate the worm wheel 3. Under no-load conditions, operate at the rated speed and observe whether the injection unit 26 continuously sprays oil, and confirm that the injection direction is directed towards the meshing area of ​​the worm wheel teeth. Furthermore, under simulated low-speed heavy-load conditions, verify that the injection pressure meets the design value to ensure the effectiveness of the lubrication system.

[0047] Working principle When the reducer starts, the worm gear 3 begins to rotate, and the integrated lubrication module rotates synchronously with it.

[0048] At the moment of startup, the outer surface of the spiral guide oil collecting plate 6 is immersed in the oil sump 4. The inner spiral groove 11 and the outer spiral groove 12 on it use the spiral pumping principle to quickly transport the lubricating oil in the oil sump to the radial outside along the spiral groove. After being further compressed and pre-pressurized by the wedge groove 13, it enters the oil collecting chamber 17 of the multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing plate 7 through the oil passage 14, realizing zero-wait oil supply during the startup phase.

[0049] As the oil flows through the magnetic ring 18 in the oil collecting chamber 17, the ferromagnetic wear debris is adsorbed and captured, achieving preliminary purification. The oil then pushes open the one-way valve 21 and enters the transition chamber 20. In the transition chamber 20, the centrifugal blades 22 rotate at high speed with the worm gear 3, driving the oil to generate centrifugal force, which significantly increases the oil pressure.

[0050] After being regulated by the throttling structure 23, the high-pressure oil enters the high-pressure injection chamber 24, and then enters the injection unit 26 of the dynamic injection guide plate 8 through the high-pressure oil outlet 25. Finally, it is precisely injected into the meshing area of ​​the worm gear tooth surface at a set angle and pressure. Since the injection unit 26 rotates synchronously with the worm gear 3, its injection direction is always dynamically pointed towards the area about to be engaged, forming a stable and continuous lubricating oil film, thus achieving precise lubrication.

[0051] During the operation of the reducer, this module works continuously, unaffected by the input speed. Even under low-speed, heavy-load conditions, the centrifugal booster mechanism can still provide a certain injection pressure, ensuring that the meshing area is always lubricated. At the same time, the magnetic ring 18 and the filter element 15 continuously purify the oil, protecting the precision components at the downstream end and extending the system's lifespan.

[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A worm gear reducer with easy internal lubrication, characterized in that, include: The shell (1) has an oil pool (4) formed at its bottom; The worm (2) is rotatably disposed within the housing (1); The worm gear (3) is rotatably disposed inside the housing (1) and meshes with the worm (2); An integrated lubrication module is fixedly installed on the end face of the worm wheel (3) and is used to rotate synchronously with the worm wheel (3) to pump the lubricating oil in the oil sump (4) into the oil sump (4) and pressurize it before dynamically spraying it into the meshing area between the worm wheel (3) and the worm (2).

2. The worm gear reducer with easy internal lubrication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated lubrication module includes a spiral flow guide oil collection plate (6), a multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate (7), and a dynamic injection directional plate (8) stacked sequentially along the axial direction. The spiral flow guide oil collection plate (6) is used to pump lubricating oil, the multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate (7) is used to boost and purify the received lubricating oil, and the dynamic injection directional plate (8) is used to spray the boosted lubricating oil into the meshing area.

3. The worm gear reducer with easy internal lubrication according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spiral guide oil collecting plate (6) is provided with a spiral guide groove on the side facing the oil tank (4), and the end of the spiral guide groove is provided with an oil passage hole (14) that penetrates the spiral guide oil collecting plate (6). A filter element (15) is provided in the oil passage hole (14).

4. The worm gear reducer with easy internal lubrication according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spiral guide groove includes an inner spiral groove (11) and an outer spiral groove (12). The end of the outer spiral groove (12) is provided with a wedge-shaped groove (13) with a gradually decreasing cross-sectional area. The wedge-shaped groove (13) is connected to the oil passage (14).

5. A worm gear reducer with easy internal lubrication according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate (7) is divided into at least two independent annular chambers by a radial partition (16). The annular chambers include an oil collecting chamber (17), a transition chamber (20), and a high-pressure injection chamber (24) arranged in a radial sequence. The oil collecting chamber (17) is connected to the oil passage (14) of the spiral guide oil collecting plate (6), and a magnetic ring (18) is provided inside. The transition chamber (20) is connected to the oil collecting chamber (17) through a one-way valve (21) and is equipped with centrifugal blades (22). The high-pressure injection chamber (24) is connected to the transition chamber (20) through a throttling structure (23), and the high-pressure injection chamber (24) is provided with a high-pressure oil outlet (25) that is connected to the dynamic injection directional plate (8).

6. A worm gear reducer with easy internal lubrication according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dynamic injection directional plate (8) is provided with an injection unit (26), and the injection focus of the injection unit (26) is aligned with the meshing area of ​​the tooth surface of the worm gear (3).

7. A worm gear reducer with easy internal lubrication according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The spiral guide oil collecting plate (6), the multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate (7) and the dynamic injection directional plate (8) are circumferentially positioned by positioning pins (9) and fixed to the end face of the worm gear (3) by bolts (5).

8. A worm gear reducer with easy internal lubrication according to claim 7, characterized in that, An end face sealing ring (10) is provided between the mating surfaces of the spiral flow guide oil collecting plate (6), the multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate (7) and the dynamic injection directional plate (8), as well as between the integrated lubrication module and the end face of the worm gear (3).

9. A worm gear reducer with easy internal lubrication according to claim 5, characterized in that, The surface of the magnetic ring (18) is machined with radial protrusions (19).

10. A method for assembling a speed reducer based on any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare all components; Step 2: Stack the spiral guide oil collecting plate (6), multi-chamber centrifugal booster plate (7) and dynamic injection directional plate (8) in sequence, and position them with positioning pins (9) to ensure the internal oil circuit connection; Step 3: Use bolts (5) to fix the stacked integrated lubrication modules to the end face of the worm gear (3); Step 4: Install the worm gear (3) equipped with the integrated lubrication module into the housing (1) and mesh it with the worm (2), and inject lubricating oil into the oil sump (4); Step 5: Drive the worm gear (2) to rotate the worm wheel (3) and verify the injection direction and oil supply continuity of the injection unit (26).

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