Fault self-checking method of water heater, electronic equipment and water heater

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water heaters, in particular to a fault self-checking method of a water heater, electronic equipment and the water heater. The fault self-detection method of the water heater comprises the steps that under the condition that the accumulative operation duration of a compressor is larger than or equal to the preset accumulative duration, a pre-detection stage is started to pre-judge whether the water heater has a fault risk or not; if it is pre-judged that the water heater has the fault risk, the operation frequency of the compressor is adjusted to the preset fluorine lack judgment frequency, and an accurate judgment stage is started when the second current operation frequency of the compressor meets the preset frequency condition so as to accurately determine the fault risk and the fault type; and executing the fault processing program according to the judgment result of the fault type in the accurate judgment stage. The accuracy and timeliness of fault detection of the water heater can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of airflow regulation equipment, and more specifically, to a self-diagnosis method for a water heater, an electronic device, and a water heater. Background Technology

[0002] Air source heat pump water heaters, with their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages, have been widely used in residential and commercial hot water supply scenarios, becoming one of the core devices in hot water supply systems. However, during long-term operation, air source heat pump water heaters are prone to malfunctions such as refrigerant leakage, insufficient refrigerant, or system pipe blockage. These malfunctions not only lead to decreased heating efficiency and inability to produce hot water normally, affecting the user experience, but also cause the compressor to operate under abnormal load for extended periods. In severe cases, this can directly damage the compressor, significantly shortening the equipment's lifespan and increasing the user's maintenance costs.

[0003] In related technologies, the detection solutions for refrigerant shortages and system blockages in air source heat pump water heaters involve manual inspection or the installation of low-pressure sensors or switches to determine the fault status by detecting system pressure parameters. However, this method only detects and addresses the fault after it occurs, resulting in a relatively delayed fault handling process and impacting the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a self-diagnosis method for water heater faults, an electronic device, and a water heater, so as to improve the accuracy and timeliness of water heater fault detection, reduce equipment maintenance costs, and extend the service life of the compressor.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a self-diagnosis method for a water heater, the water heater including a water tank, an outdoor unit, and a temperature detection device, the outdoor unit including at least an outdoor heat exchanger, a compressor, and a four-way reversing valve, the self-diagnosis method including: when the cumulative runtime of the compressor is greater than or equal to a preset cumulative runtime, entering a pre-detection stage to predict whether the water heater has a fault risk; wherein, the detection parameters on which the pre-detection stage predicts whether the water heater has a fault risk include: the operating parameters of the compressor, the working status parameters of the four-way reversing valve, and the refrigerant shortage protection status parameters of the compressor, the operating parameters of the compressor including the first current operating frequency of the compressor; the first current operating frequency is the compressor's operating frequency at... If the current operating frequency during the pre-detection phase indicates a potential risk of water heater malfunction, the compressor's operating frequency is adjusted to a preset refrigerant shortage detection frequency. When the compressor's second current operating frequency meets the preset frequency condition, a precise detection phase is initiated to accurately determine the malfunction risk and type. The detection parameters used in this precise detection phase to accurately determine the malfunction risk and type include: the compressor's operating parameters, the ambient temperature Te on the air inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger, the refrigerant inlet pipe temperature Tg at the outdoor heat exchanger, the water temperature Tw in the water tank, and the compressor's suction temperature Tx. A fault handling procedure is then executed based on the malfunction type determination result from the precise detection phase.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, a tiered detection program is set up, using the compressor's cumulative operating time as the trigger condition for the pre-detection stage. This ensures the periodicity and specificity of fault detection, avoiding resource waste caused by indiscriminate testing. Simultaneously, a multi-dimensional detection system is constructed based on the water heater's built-in temperature detection device, which collects operating parameters, valve status parameters, and protection status parameters. This eliminates the need for additional low-pressure sensors, low-pressure switches, or other hardware, effectively controlling unit manufacturing costs and initial user investment. Furthermore, by adjusting and stabilizing the compressor's current operating frequency, a stable detection condition is provided for the precise judgment stage, avoiding parameter distortion caused by frequency fluctuations and improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis. Once a fault is confirmed, executing the corresponding fault handling procedure can promptly stop the continued damage to the compressor caused by the fault, extending the equipment's lifespan.

[0007] In an optional implementation of the above-mentioned self-diagnosis method for water heater malfunctions, the compressor's operating parameters further include a first current driving power that drives the compressor to operate with a first current operating parameter. During the pre-detection phase, based on the compressor's operating parameters, the four-way reversing valve's operating status parameters, and the compressor's refrigerant shortage protection status parameters, it is pre-determined whether the water heater has a malfunction risk. This includes: within a first preset detection period, if the compressor's operating parameters, the four-way reversing valve's operating status parameters, and the compressor's refrigerant shortage protection status parameters simultaneously meet the following conditions, then it is determined that the water heater has a malfunction risk: the compressor's first current driving power is less than or equal to a preset reference power threshold; the four-way reversing valve's operating status parameter indicates a start-up state; the compressor's refrigerant shortage protection status parameter indicates a refrigerant shortage protection effective state; and the compressor's first current operating frequency is greater than or equal to a preset frequency threshold. The preset reference power threshold is determined based on the compressor's first current operating frequency and the compressor's operating condition compensation power, and the operating condition compensation power is determined based on the ambient temperature and the lower limit of the compressor's preset operable ambient temperature.

[0008] In an optional implementation of the above-mentioned self-diagnosis method for water heater malfunctions, the outdoor unit further includes an outdoor fan; in the pre-detection stage, based on the operating parameters of the compressor, the working status parameters of the four-way reversing valve, and the refrigerant shortage protection status parameters of the compressor, the method for predicting whether the water heater has a malfunction risk also includes: within the first preset detection period, acquiring the fluctuation amplitude of the operating current of the outdoor fan; if the fluctuation amplitude is less than or equal to a preset fluctuation amplitude, and the current speed of the outdoor fan is greater than or equal to a preset speed, then the method for determining whether the water heater has a malfunction risk is further based on the operating parameters of the compressor, the working status parameters of the four-way reversing valve, and the refrigerant shortage protection status parameters of the compressor; if the fluctuation amplitude is greater than the preset fluctuation amplitude, then the method for determining that the outdoor fan is in a malfunction state is triggered, and the fault indication program of the outdoor fan is activated.

[0009] In an optional implementation of the above-mentioned self-diagnosis method for water heater malfunctions, during the precise judgment stage, the malfunction status of the water heater is determined based on the compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters among the ambient temperature Te, inlet pipe temperature Tg, water temperature Tw, and suction temperature Tx, and a corresponding fault handling procedure is executed. This includes: within a second preset detection period, if the compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters among the ambient temperature Te, inlet pipe temperature Tg, and suction temperature Tx meet a first judgment condition, then it is determined that the water heater has a refrigerant shortage malfunction, and the fault handling procedure is executed. The system includes an automatically recoverable first shutdown protection procedure; within a second preset detection period, if the compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters among the ambient temperature Te, water temperature Tw, and suction temperature Tx meet the second judgment condition, then it is determined that the water heater has a system blockage fault, and the non-automatically recoverable second shutdown protection procedure in the fault handling program is executed; within the second preset detection period, if neither the first judgment condition nor the second judgment condition is met, then the compressor's current operating frequency is adjusted to the initial operating frequency before entering the pre-detection stage, and the water heater is controlled to re-enter the pre-detection stage.

[0010] In an optional implementation of the above-mentioned self-diagnosis method for water heater malfunctions, the compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters among the ambient temperature Te, the inlet pipe temperature Tg, and the suction temperature Tx satisfy a first determination condition, including simultaneously satisfying: 1) the compressor's second current drive power P second ≤P fluorine ×K1+P compensation ;2) The third current operating frequency F of the compressor actual ≤F fluorine +a; 3) The compressor's third current operating frequency F actual ≥F fluorine -a; 4) Tg < Te-X1; Wherein, P fluorine For the preset drive power, F fluorine The preset fluoride deficiency detection frequency; P compensation The temperature is determined based on the ambient temperature Te and the lower limit of the ambient temperature at which the compressor can operate; a is the allowable value for compressor frequency fluctuation; X1 is the first preset temperature constant.

[0011] In an optional implementation of the above-mentioned self-diagnosis method for water heater malfunctions, the compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters among the ambient temperature Te, water temperature Tw, and suction temperature Tx satisfy a second determination condition, including simultaneously satisfying: 1) the compressor's second current drive power P second ≤P fluorine ×K1+Pcompensation ;2) The third current operating frequency F of the compressor actual ≤F fluorine +a; 3) The compressor's third current operating frequency F actual ≥F fluorine -a; 4) Tx≥Te+X2; Wherein, P fluorine For the preset drive power, F fluorine The preset fluoride deficiency detection frequency; P compensation The temperature is determined based on the ambient temperature Te and the lower limit of the ambient temperature at which the compressor can operate; a is the allowable value for compressor frequency fluctuation; X2 is the second preset temperature constant.

[0012] Secondly, this application provides another self-diagnosis method for a water heater, wherein the water heater includes at least a water tank, an outdoor unit, and a temperature detection device. The outdoor unit includes at least an outdoor heat exchanger, a compressor, and a four-way reversing valve. The temperature detection device is used to detect at least the ambient temperature Te on the air inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger and the suction temperature Tx of the compressor's suction pipe. The compressor is a fixed-frequency compressor. The self-diagnosis method includes: when the compressor is in a non-defrosting operation state and the temperature detection device is fault-free, entering a fault detection stage to determine the fault risk and fault type; wherein the detection parameters used to determine the existence of a fault in the fault detection stage include the ambient temperature Te on the air inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger and the suction temperature Tx of the compressor's suction pipe; executing a fault handling procedure based on the fault type determination result; the fault handling procedure includes a third shutdown protection procedure that cannot be automatically recovered.

[0013] By employing the above technical solution, and using the compressor's non-defrosting operation and the absence of a faulty temperature detection device as the starting premise for the fault detection phase, the risk of misjudgment caused by operating condition interference and equipment malfunctions can be eliminated, ensuring the reliability of fault diagnosis. Simultaneously, relying solely on the ambient temperature at the outdoor heat exchanger's air inlet side and the compressor's suction pipe temperature collected by the water heater's own temperature detection device to construct the fault diagnosis basis eliminates the need for additional detection hardware, simplifying the self-testing system structure of fixed-frequency models and effectively controlling manufacturing costs. Furthermore, for the identified faults, corresponding fault handling procedures are executed. A non-automatically recoverable third shutdown protection procedure promptly interrupts the continuous impact of the fault condition on the compressor, preventing damage to the fixed-frequency compressor due to prolonged abnormal operation, extending the overall service life of the equipment, and improving user stability.

[0014] In the optional implementation scheme of the above-mentioned self-diagnosis method for water heater faults, the fault risk and fault type are determined as follows: within the third preset detection time, Tx-Te ≥ △T preset And Tx≥T preset-suction-tIf ΔT is found, then the water heater is determined to have a refrigerant shortage fault; where ΔT preset For the preset temperature difference value, T preset-suction-t This is the preset intake temperature.

[0015] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the aforementioned self-diagnosis method for water heater malfunctions.

[0016] Fourthly, this application provides a water heater, including a controller or the aforementioned electronic device, wherein the controller is configured to perform the aforementioned self-diagnosis method for water heater faults.

[0017] In the above optional implementation scheme of the water heater, a feedback communication module is further included, configured to perform a fault association information upload operation and receive instructions remotely issued by maintenance personnel after the water heater determines the fault risk and fault type; wherein, the feedback communication module includes a data upload unit and an instruction receiving unit; the data upload unit is configured to collect at least one parameter associated with the fault type, namely the ambient temperature Te, the inlet pipe temperature Tg, the water tank temperature Tw, and the suction temperature Tx, the fault code of the water heater, and the fault determination time, and encrypt and upload the above information to the cloud platform; the instruction receiving unit is configured to receive a fault clearing instruction remotely issued by maintenance personnel based on the cloud platform, and after receiving the instruction, the instruction receiving unit feeds back to the controller to verify the validity of the instruction, and after successful verification, controls the water heater to release the shutdown protection state. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a self-diagnosis method for a water heater provided in this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating another self-diagnosis method for water heaters provided in this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating another self-diagnosis method for water heater faults provided in this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating another self-diagnosis method for water heater malfunctions provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. The singular forms “a,” “said,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. “Multiple” generally includes at least two, but does not exclude the inclusion of at least one.

[0021] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0022] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or system comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or system that includes said element.

[0023] As mentioned in the background section, air source heat pump water heaters, with their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages, have been widely used in residential and commercial hot water supply scenarios, becoming one of the core devices in hot water supply systems. During long-term operation, air source heat pump water heaters are prone to malfunctions such as refrigerant leakage, insufficient refrigerant, or system pipe blockage. These malfunctions not only lead to decreased heating efficiency and inability to produce hot water normally, affecting the user experience, but also cause the compressor to operate under abnormal load for extended periods. In severe cases, this can directly damage the compressor, significantly shortening the equipment's lifespan and increasing the user's maintenance costs.

[0024] In related technologies, the detection solutions for refrigerant shortages and system blockages in air source heat pump water heaters involve manual inspection or the installation of low-pressure sensors or switches to determine the fault status by detecting system pressure parameters. However, this method only detects and addresses the fault after it occurs, resulting in a relatively delayed fault handling process and impacting the user experience.

[0025] To improve the accuracy and timeliness of water heater fault detection, reduce equipment maintenance costs, and extend the service life of the compressor, this application provides a water heater fault self-diagnosis method, electronic equipment, and water heater.

[0026] Example 1 The water heater of this application includes a water tank, an outdoor unit, and a temperature detection device. The outdoor unit includes at least an outdoor heat exchanger, a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, and a temperature detection assembly. The temperature detection assembly includes at least a first temperature detection device located on the air inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger to detect the ambient temperature Te, a second temperature detection device located at the refrigerant inlet pipe of the outdoor heat exchanger to detect the inlet pipe temperature Tg, a third temperature detection device located inside the water tank to detect the water temperature Tw in the water tank, and a fourth temperature detection device located on the suction pipe of the compressor to detect the suction temperature Tx of the compressor. The compressor is a variable frequency compressor.

[0027] Specifically, the water tank is equipped with a water-side heat exchanger, and a throttling device is installed between the outdoor heat exchanger and the compressor. The water-side heat exchanger, outdoor heat exchanger, throttling device, and compressor are connected by refrigerant piping. Furthermore, when the compressor is running, a four-way reversing valve directs the refrigerant flow, allowing the refrigerant to be compressed by the compressor and then enter the water-side heat exchanger to release heat, thus heating the water in the tank to obtain hot water. The refrigerant then flows through the throttling device into the outdoor heat exchanger to absorb heat, completing the thermodynamic cycle.

[0028] Furthermore, the first temperature detection device, the second temperature detection device, the third temperature detection device, and the fourth temperature detection device are electrically connected to the controller, which is used to acquire the temperature parameters measured by each temperature detection device.

[0029] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the self-diagnosis method for water heater malfunctions provided in this application includes: S11: If the cumulative running time of the compressor is greater than or equal to the preset cumulative running time, the system enters the pre-detection stage to predict whether there is a risk of malfunction in the water heater.

[0030] The detection parameters used in the pre-detection phase to predict the potential for malfunction in the water heater include: compressor operating parameters, four-way reversing valve operating status parameters, and compressor refrigerant shortage protection status parameters. The compressor operating parameters include the compressor's first current operating frequency. The first current operating frequency is the compressor's current operating frequency during the pre-detection phase.

[0031] Specifically, when the compressor's cumulative runtime is greater than or equal to the preset cumulative runtime, it indicates that the compressor has entered a stable operating state. At this point, the system's thermodynamic cycle tends to be balanced, and it meets the conditions for fault self-diagnosis. This ensures the accuracy and reliability of the detection data and avoids misjudgments caused by system fluctuations in the initial stage of operation.

[0032] Optionally, the preset cumulative time for the compressor is 5 to 30 minutes after startup. Preferably, the preset cumulative time is 10 minutes.

[0033] Furthermore, based on the compressor's operating parameters, the four-way reversing valve's working status parameters, and the compressor's refrigerant shortage protection status parameters, it is possible to predict whether the water heater has a risk of failure.

[0034] It should be noted that the compressor's operating parameters indicate whether the compressor is operating normally. These parameters also include the first current drive power that drives the compressor to operate at the first current operating parameter. Abnormal fluctuations in the first current drive power and the first current operating frequency can reflect changes in the compressor's current load or performance degradation during the pre-detection phase. The status parameters of the four-way reversing valve indicate whether its refrigerant flow switching is normal and in place, preventing abnormal heating due to valve jamming. The compressor's protection status parameters indicate the normal activation of the refrigerant shortage protection function to ensure the compressor's safe operation.

[0035] In this way, potential fault signs of the water heater can be comprehensively captured through the collaborative analysis of multiple parameters, avoiding self-test failures caused by misjudgment of a single parameter. Among them, the preset benchmark power threshold needs to be dynamically calculated in combination with the compressor's current operating frequency and the operating condition compensation power. The operating condition compensation power can be adapted and adjusted according to actual operating conditions such as ambient temperature and water tank temperature to ensure the rationality of the power threshold. This can accurately identify abnormal loads without triggering unnecessary fault warnings due to fluctuations in operating conditions.

[0036] S12, if it is predicted that there is a risk of failure in the water heater, the operating frequency of the compressor is adjusted to the preset refrigerant shortage judgment frequency, and the precise judgment stage is started when the second current operating frequency of the compressor meets the preset frequency condition, so as to accurately determine the risk of failure and the type of failure.

[0037] The precise judgment stage relies on several temperature parameters to accurately determine the fault risk and fault type, including the compressor's operating parameters, the ambient temperature Te on the air inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger, the inlet pipe temperature Tg at the refrigerant inlet pipe of the outdoor heat exchanger, the water temperature Tw in the water tank, and the compressor's suction temperature Tx.

[0038] The second current operating frequency is the actual current operating frequency of the compressor after its operating frequency has been adjusted to the preset refrigerant shortage judgment frequency.

[0039] Specifically, after anticipating a potential fault risk, the system does not directly determine a fault. Instead, it first adjusts the compressor's current operating frequency to a preset refrigerant shortage detection frequency. This frequency is a stable frequency range suitable for fault detection, preventing distortion of temperature and power parameters caused by wide-frequency fluctuations in the variable frequency compressor. Once the compressor's second current operating frequency stabilizes and meets preset frequency conditions (i.e., the current operating frequency remains within the allowable fluctuation range for a preset duration), the precise judgment phase is initiated, providing a stable operating condition basis for accurate fault determination. In other words, the second current operating frequency is not necessarily stable at the preset refrigerant shortage detection frequency; the actual current operating frequency of the compressor will fluctuate during operation. When the second current operating frequency falls within the preset frequency conditions, the precise judgment phase can be initiated.

[0040] In this scheme, the preset judgment frequency is the current operating frequency of the compressor under refrigerant shortage / system blockage faults, determined based on experimental data. Specifically, the preset judgment frequency is determined according to experimental data. For different compressor models, the preset judgment frequency ranges from 35Hz to 80Hz. Specifically, for integrated water heaters exported to North America, the preset judgment frequency is 60Hz.

[0041] Furthermore, the current operating frequency of the compressor satisfies the preset frequency condition as follows: within the preset processing time, the current operating frequency of the compressor is within the fluctuation range allowed by the preset judgment frequency. That is, preset judgment frequency + Δf ≤ current operating frequency of the compressor ≤ preset judgment frequency + Δf.

[0042] Optionally, the preset processing time is 30 seconds to 180 seconds. Preferably, the preset processing time is 60 seconds.

[0043] Optionally, Δf is 1Hz to 5Hz. Preferably, Δf is 2Hz.

[0044] The fault status of the water heater is determined based on the compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters, including ambient temperature Te, inlet pipe temperature Tg, water temperature Tw, and suction temperature Tx. In the event of a fault, the compressor's non-automatic shutdown protection program is executed.

[0045] Furthermore, during the precise judgment phase, the risk and type of fault are accurately identified. Specifically, based on the compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters including ambient temperature Te, inlet pipe temperature Tg, water temperature Tw, and suction temperature Tx, it is determined whether the water heater has a refrigerant shortage fault or a system blockage fault.

[0046] S13, execute the fault handling procedure based on the fault type judgment result of the accurate judgment stage.

[0047] In this solution, the fault handling procedure is executed based on the fault type judgment result in the accurate judgment stage, which can realize the targeted handling of faults. This not only promptly stops the continuous damage of faults to equipment, but also provides clear guidance for users and maintenance personnel, ensuring the safe operation of equipment and the convenience of maintenance.

[0048] By adopting the above technical solution, a tiered detection program is set up, using the compressor's cumulative operating time as the trigger condition for the pre-detection stage. This ensures the periodicity and specificity of fault detection, avoiding resource waste caused by indiscriminate testing. Simultaneously, a multi-dimensional detection system is constructed based on the water heater's built-in temperature detection device, which collects operating parameters, valve status parameters, and protection status parameters. This eliminates the need for additional low-pressure sensors, low-pressure switches, or other hardware, effectively controlling unit manufacturing costs and initial user investment. Furthermore, by adjusting and stabilizing the compressor's current operating frequency, a stable detection condition is provided for the accurate judgment stage, avoiding parameter distortion caused by frequency fluctuations and improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis. Once a fault is confirmed, executing the corresponding fault handling procedure can promptly stop the continued damage to the compressor caused by the fault, extending the equipment's lifespan.

[0049] In the event of a refrigerant shortage or system blockage, immediately execute the non-automatic shutdown protection procedure to cut off the power supply to the compressor and prevent further damage to the equipment.

[0050] Furthermore, in the event of a refrigerant shortage or system blockage, a fault warning signal is triggered, and the water heater system is only restored to normal operation upon receiving a manual fault clearing command.

[0051] Optionally, fault indication signals can be simultaneously pushed through a local display screen or a remote monitoring platform to remind users to handle the fault in a timely manner.

[0052] Furthermore, the water heater system will only resume normal operation upon receiving a manual fault clearing command. This ensures that faults are thoroughly identified and repaired, preventing recurring faults or safety hazards caused by automatic restarts. The manual fault clearing mechanism effectively improves system reliability and user initiative, making it particularly suitable for unattended or remotely deployed applications. Forced manual intervention further guarantees the long-term safety and stability of the water heater.

[0053] In an optional implementation of the above-mentioned self-diagnosis method for water heater malfunctions, the compressor's operating parameters further include a first current drive power that drives the compressor to operate at a first current operating parameter; During the pre-testing phase, based on the compressor's operating parameters, the four-way reversing valve's working status parameters, and the compressor's refrigerant shortage protection status parameters, the potential for water heater malfunctions is assessed, including: Within the first preset detection period, if the compressor's operating parameters, the four-way reversing valve's working status parameters, and the compressor's refrigerant shortage protection status parameters simultaneously meet the following conditions, then the water heater is determined to have a fault risk: the compressor's first current drive power is less than or equal to the preset reference power threshold; the four-way reversing valve's working status parameter indicates the start-up state; the compressor's refrigerant shortage protection status parameter indicates the refrigerant shortage protection is effective; and the compressor's first current operating frequency is greater than or equal to the preset frequency threshold.

[0054] The preset reference power threshold is determined based on the compressor's first current operating frequency and the compressor's operating condition compensation power; the operating condition compensation power is determined based on the ambient temperature and the compressor's preset operating ambient temperature limit.

[0055] Specifically, the first preset detection time is 3 to 30 minutes. Preferably, the first preset detection time is 10 minutes to balance detection response speed and operational stability. During this period, the system continuously collects multi-dimensional parameters and performs dynamic comparisons to ensure that parameter adjustments are based on sufficient and reliable operating data, thereby improving the accuracy of fault identification.

[0056] Specifically, the preset reference power threshold P is explained. reference Based on the compressor's first current operating frequency F actual Compensation power P of the compressor under operating conditions compensation Confirmed. Specifically, P reference =A×F actual / l1+(B-E)×l2+P compensation .

[0057] P compensation For power compensation under operating conditions, P compensation = (Te-T) Limit )×C / l3+TW×D / l4; T Limit The lower limit of the ambient temperature at which the compressor can operate; A, B, C, D, and E are refrigerant shortage judgment constants related to the water heater and are all greater than 0; specifically, for the integrated water heater exported to North America, the values ​​of A, B, C, D, and E are 30, 8, 1, 0, and 2, respectively. Furthermore, l1, l2, l3, and l4 are all constants; for example, l1 is 10, l2 is 10, l3 is 50, and l4 is 50.

[0058] When all the above conditions are met, it is determined that the water heater is at risk of malfunction. The compressor frequency adjustment program is then activated, adjusting the compressor's operating frequency to a preset refrigerant shortage detection frequency. Once the compressor's operating frequency stabilizes within the preset frequency range (i.e., the preset detection frequency interval), this state is maintained for a preset duration to eliminate interference from fluctuations in operating conditions during the subsequent precise judgment stage. After the preset duration, the precise judgment stage begins.

[0059] Optionally, the preset duration ranges from 30 seconds to 300 seconds. Preferably, the preset duration is 60 seconds.

[0060] In this solution, by ensuring that the above conditions are met simultaneously, invalid scenarios such as low compressor load, four-way reversing valve not in place, and refrigerant shortage protection not activated can be ruled out. This avoids blind startup during the pre-detection stage, improves the targeting of fault detection, reduces unnecessary frequency adjustment interference to system operation, and ensures parameter stability in the subsequent accurate judgment stage.

[0061] In the optional implementation scheme of the above-mentioned self-diagnosis method for water heater malfunctions, combined with Figure 2 As shown, the outdoor unit also includes an outdoor fan; during the pre-testing phase, based on the compressor's operating parameters, the four-way reversing valve's working status parameters, and the compressor's refrigerant shortage protection status parameters, the potential for water heater malfunctions is predicted, and this also includes: S21, within the first preset detection period, acquire the fluctuation amplitude of the operating current of the outdoor fan.

[0062] S22. If the fluctuation amplitude is less than or equal to the preset fluctuation amplitude, and the current speed of the outdoor fan is greater than or equal to the preset speed, then continue to determine whether there is a risk of failure of the water heater based on the compressor's operating parameters, the working status parameters of the four-way reversing valve, and the compressor's refrigerant shortage protection status parameters.

[0063] S23. If the fluctuation amplitude is greater than the preset fluctuation amplitude, the outdoor fan is determined to be in a fault state, and the fault prompt program of the outdoor fan is triggered.

[0064] Specifically, the outdoor fan is used to accelerate heat exchange between the outdoor heat exchanger and the ambient air. Its operating status directly affects the accuracy of temperature parameters such as Te and Tg. Therefore, the operating status of the outdoor fan can be determined within the first preset detection period. Thus, by determining that the fluctuation amplitude of the outdoor fan's operating current is less than or equal to the preset fluctuation amplitude, it can be determined that the outdoor fan is operating stably and the heat exchange efficiency is normal. At this point, the pre-detection stage can be initiated based on the status of multi-dimensional detection parameters.

[0065] Furthermore, if the fluctuation amplitude exceeds the preset fluctuation amplitude, it can be determined that the outdoor fan is in a faulty state (such as fan jamming or motor damage). At this time, the fan fault prompt program can be triggered. Further, the fault code can be displayed and a prompt issued through a display device, while simultaneously stopping the water heater's fault self-check, thereby preventing heat exchange abnormalities caused by outdoor fan failure from being misdiagnosed as refrigerant shortage or system blockage, and improving the accuracy of fault identification.

[0066] In the optional implementation scheme of the above-mentioned self-diagnosis method for water heater malfunctions, combined with Figure 3 As shown, in the precise judgment stage, the fault state of the water heater is determined based on the compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters, including ambient temperature Te, inlet pipe temperature Tg, water temperature Tw, and suction temperature Tx, and the corresponding fault handling procedure is executed, including: S31, within the second preset detection period, if the compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters among ambient temperature Te, inlet pipe temperature Tg, and suction temperature Tx meet the first judgment condition, then it is determined that the water heater has a refrigerant shortage fault, and the first non-automatically recoverable shutdown protection program in the fault handling program is executed.

[0067] S32, within the second preset detection period, if the compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters among ambient temperature Te, water temperature Tw and suction temperature Tx meet the second judgment condition, then it is determined that the water heater has a system blockage fault, and the second shutdown protection program that cannot be automatically recovered in the fault handling program is executed.

[0068] S33, if the first judgment condition and the second judgment condition are not met within the second preset detection time, the current operating frequency of the compressor is adjusted to the initial operating frequency before entering the pre-detection stage, and the water heater is controlled to re-enter the pre-detection stage.

[0069] This solution can determine the fault type of the water heater based on different judgment conditions, accurately distinguishing between refrigerant shortage faults and system blockage faults, thus solving the technical problems of fault type confusion and high false repair rate in traditional detection methods. Specifically, S31 uses a parameter combination of ambient temperature, outdoor heat exchanger refrigerant inlet pipe temperature, and compressor suction temperature, which matches the core characteristic of low inlet pipe temperature caused by insufficient refrigerant circulation under refrigerant shortage conditions, enabling accurate capture of refrigerant shortage fault signals. S32 selects a parameter combination of ambient temperature, water tank temperature, and compressor suction temperature, matching the typical manifestation of abnormally high suction temperature caused by obstructed refrigerant circulation under system blockage conditions, achieving targeted identification of system blockage faults. The re-detection mechanism set in S33 effectively avoids the risk of misjudgment caused by instantaneous parameter fluctuations. By resetting the compressor frequency and re-entering the pre-detection stage, it further verifies the system operating status, ensuring the reliability of the self-test results. Meanwhile, dedicated shutdown protection programs that cannot be automatically recovered are configured for the two types of faults, which can prevent the compressor from repeatedly starting when the fault has not been eliminated, fundamentally eliminating the continuous damage to the compressor caused by abnormal operating conditions such as refrigerant shortage and blockage, significantly extending the service life of the core components of the equipment, and reducing the user's subsequent maintenance costs.

[0070] Furthermore, both the first and second shutdown protection programs have independent fault codes to ensure that maintenance personnel can quickly locate the root cause of the problem. It should be noted that the control flow and parameters of the first and second shutdown protection programs can be the same or different, depending on the specific fault characteristics and protection requirements. For example, the first shutdown protection program for refrigerant shortage faults can prioritize cutting off power to refrigerant circulation components, while the second shutdown protection program for system blockage faults focuses on limiting the upper limit of the compressor discharge temperature to prevent overheating damage. Both protection programs use independent fault codes to drive the display screen or communication module to output warning information, facilitating timely repairs by users and rapid diagnosis by technicians, thus improving the operational safety of the water heater.

[0071] Furthermore, different alert procedures can be issued to users / maintenance personnel for different types of faults to facilitate troubleshooting or repair.

[0072] The second preset detection duration is a critical period for the system to stably acquire parameters and eliminate instantaneous fluctuations. Specifically, the range of the second preset detection duration is 2 minutes to 10 minutes, preferably 3 minutes. If the second preset detection duration is too short, it is prone to misjudgment due to sudden parameter changes; if the second preset detection duration is too long, it will delay fault response. Therefore, a value within this range can balance detection accuracy and timely fault handling.

[0073] Furthermore, when neither of the two judgment conditions is met, the compressor's operating frequency can be adjusted first to smoothly restore it to the initial operating frequency before entering the pre-detection stage. This avoids sudden frequency changes impacting the system's thermal cycle, ensuring stable water temperature and a good user experience. After the frequency is restored, the control system re-enters the pre-detection stage to continuously monitor the water heater. During the pre-detection stage, if a fault risk is anticipated, further adjustments to the compressor's current operating frequency and monitoring of operating parameters will be performed.

[0074] In the optional implementation scheme of the above-mentioned self-diagnosis method for water heater faults, the compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters among ambient temperature Te, inlet pipe temperature Tg, and suction temperature Tx satisfy the first judgment condition, including simultaneously satisfying: 1) the compressor's second current drive power P second ≤P fluorine ×K1+P compensation ;2) The compressor's third current operating frequency F actual ≤F fluorine +a; 3) The compressor's third current operating frequency F actual ≥F fluorine -a; 4) Tg < Te-X1.

[0075] Among them, the third current operating frequency is the compressor's current operating frequency during the precise judgment phase; P fluorine For the preset drive power, F fluorine Preset judgment frequency; P compensation To compensate for power under operating conditions, based on the ambient temperature T. e The minimum ambient temperature at which the compressor can operate is determined; a is the allowable value for compressor frequency fluctuation; X1 is the first preset temperature constant.

[0076] It should be noted that P fluorine The preset drive power can be determined based on experimental data. Furthermore, a table mapping water heater models to preset drive power can be pre-uploaded to the water heater controller and retrieved when needed.

[0077] Similarly, F fluorine To preset the judgment frequency, the current operating frequency of the compressor under refrigerant shortage / system blockage faults can be predicted and determined based on experimental data. Specifically, the preset judgment frequency is determined based on experimental data. For different compressor models, the preset judgment frequency ranges from 35Hz to 80Hz. Specifically, for integrated water heaters exported to North America, the preset judgment frequency is 60Hz. Optionally, 'a' is 1Hz to 5Hz. Preferably, 'a' is 2Hz. Furthermore, a table corresponding to the water heater model and the preset judgment frequency can be pre-uploaded to the water heater controller and retrieved when needed.

[0078] Operating condition compensation power P compensation = (Te-T) Limit )×C / l3+TW×D / l4;T Limit The lower limit of the ambient temperature at which the compressor can operate; A, B, C, D, and E are refrigerant shortage judgment constants related to the water heater and are all greater than 0; specifically, for the integrated water heater exported to North America, the values ​​of A, B, C, D, and E are 30, 8, 1, 0, and 2, respectively. Furthermore, l1, l2, l3, and l4 are all constants; for example, l1 is 10, l2 is 10, l3 is 50, and l4 is 50.

[0079] Optionally, K1 is a calculation coefficient. Preferably, K1 is 10.

[0080] Optionally, the value of X1 ranges from 15℃ to 25℃. Preferably, X1 is 18℃.

[0081] In the optional implementation scheme of the above-mentioned self-diagnosis method for water heater faults, the second determination condition is met, including simultaneously satisfying: 1) the second current drive power P of the compressor. second ≤P fluorine ×K1+P compensation ;2) The compressor's third current operating frequency F actual ≤F fluorine +a; 3) The compressor's third current operating frequency F actual ≥F fluorine -a; 4) Tx≥Te+X2.

[0082] Among them, the third current operating frequency is the compressor's current operating frequency during the precise judgment phase; P fluorine For the preset drive power, F fluorine Preset judgment frequency; P compensation To compensate for power under operating conditions, based on the ambient temperature T. e The minimum ambient temperature at which the compressor can operate is determined; a is the allowable value for compressor frequency fluctuation; X2 is the second preset temperature constant.

[0083] It should be noted that P fluorine The preset drive power can be determined based on experimental data. Furthermore, a table mapping water heater models to preset drive power can be pre-uploaded to the water heater controller and retrieved when needed.

[0084] Similarly, F fluorineTo preset the judgment frequency, the current operating frequency of the compressor under refrigerant shortage / system blockage faults can be predicted and determined based on experimental data. Specifically, the preset judgment frequency is determined based on experimental data. For different compressor models, the preset judgment frequency ranges from 35Hz to 80Hz. Specifically, for integrated water heaters exported to North America, the preset judgment frequency is 60Hz. Optionally, 'a' is 1Hz to 5Hz. Preferably, 'a' is 2Hz. Furthermore, a table corresponding to the water heater model and the preset judgment frequency can be pre-uploaded to the water heater controller and retrieved when needed.

[0085] P compensation = (Te-T) Limit )×C / l3+TW×D / l4;T Limit The lower limit of the ambient temperature at which the compressor can operate; A, B, C, D, and E are refrigerant shortage judgment constants related to the water heater and are all greater than 0; specifically, for the integrated water heater exported to North America, the values ​​of A, B, C, D, and E are 30, 8, 1, 0, and 2, respectively. Furthermore, l1, l2, l3, and l4 are all constants; for example, l1 is 10, l2 is 10, l3 is 50, and l4 is 50.

[0086] Optionally, K1 is a calculation coefficient, which can be determined based on experimental data, and its value ranges from 5 to 80. Preferably, K1 is 10.

[0087] Optionally, the value of X2 ranges from 20℃ to 30℃. Preferably, X2 is 25℃.

[0088] Example 2 The water heater provided in this application includes at least a water tank, an outdoor unit, and a temperature detection device. The outdoor unit includes at least an outdoor heat exchanger, a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, and a temperature detection assembly. The temperature detection assembly includes at least a first temperature detection device for detecting the ambient temperature Te on the air inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger and a fourth temperature detection device for detecting the suction temperature Tx of the compressor's suction pipe. The compressor is a fixed-frequency compressor.

[0089] Specifically, the water tank is equipped with a water-side heat exchanger, and a throttling device is installed between the outdoor heat exchanger and the compressor. The water-side heat exchanger, outdoor heat exchanger, throttling device, and compressor are connected by refrigerant piping. Furthermore, when the compressor is running, a four-way reversing valve directs the refrigerant flow, allowing the refrigerant to be compressed by the compressor and then enter the water-side heat exchanger to release heat, thus heating the water in the tank to obtain hot water. The refrigerant then flows through the throttling device into the outdoor heat exchanger to absorb heat, completing the thermodynamic cycle.

[0090] Furthermore, the first temperature detection device and the fourth temperature detection device are electrically connected to the controller, which is used to acquire the temperature parameters measured by each temperature detection device.

[0091] Combination Figure 4 As shown, another self-diagnostic method for water heater malfunctions provided in this application includes: S41, when the compressor is in non-defrosting operation and the temperature detection device is fault-free, enter the fault detection stage to determine the fault risk and fault type; the detection parameters used to determine the existence of a fault in the fault detection stage include the ambient temperature Te on the air inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger and the suction temperature Tx of the compressor's suction pipe.

[0092] S42, execute the fault handling procedure based on the fault type judgment result; the fault handling procedure includes: a third shutdown protection procedure that cannot be automatically recovered.

[0093] In this solution, when the compressor is in non-defrosting operation and both the first and fourth temperature detection devices are functioning correctly, the solution achieves accurate detection of refrigerant shortage faults in fixed-frequency compressor water heaters through the coordinated acquisition of dual temperature parameters and threshold determination. This approach balances self-testing efficiency and cost control, and is compatible with the operating characteristics of fixed-frequency models that do not require frequency adjustment.

[0094] Specifically, in S41, the determination of non-defrost operation is verified by the controller through a comprehensive analysis of the unit's operating mode signal and the temperature change trend of the outdoor heat exchanger. During defrost operation, the unit will pause heating and switch refrigerant flow, causing a phased drop in the outdoor heat exchanger temperature. When the controller detects this characteristic, it will temporarily suspend the fault detection phase until the unit resumes normal heating mode, thus eliminating misjudgments caused by operating condition interference. Simultaneously, the controller will perform real-time self-checks on the first and fourth temperature detection devices. By verifying the continuity and reasonableness of the collected data (e.g., whether the temperature value is within a physically reasonable range and there are no abnormal jumps), it confirms that the detection device circuit connections are normal and the acquisition accuracy meets the standards. Only after both prerequisites are met will the fault detection phase begin, thereby ensuring the reliability of subsequent detection data.

[0095] After entering the fault detection phase, the parameter acquisition cycle with the third preset detection duration is started. This duration needs to take into account both parameter stability and fault response timeliness. During this period, the controller continuously collects the ambient temperature on the air inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger and the suction temperature of the compressor suction pipe to avoid misjudgment caused by instantaneous parameter fluctuations and ensure that the judgment result is based on stable operating data.

[0096] Optionally, the third preset detection duration can be in the range of 1 min to 5 min. Preferably, the third preset detection duration is 2 min.

[0097] Regarding the S42 fault handling procedure, upon determining a refrigerant shortage fault, the third non-automatically recoverable shutdown protection procedure is immediately executed. This procedure quickly cuts off the power supply circuit to the fixed-frequency compressor, preventing it from continuing to operate under refrigerant shortage conditions. Because fixed-frequency compressors lack frequency regulation capabilities, prolonged operation with refrigerant shortages can lead to excessively high exhaust temperatures and abnormal loads, easily causing compressor coil burnout and mechanical component wear. Therefore, the third shutdown protection procedure can promptly prevent such damage and extend the service life of core components.

[0098] Furthermore, the corresponding fault indication program is triggered synchronously, and the fault indication signal can be output through at least one local or remote channel. Locally, the user can be reminded to report the fault in a timely manner by flashing the equipment indicator light, sounding the buzzer alarm, and displaying the fault code on the screen. If the unit is equipped with a feedback communication module, the fault code, fault determination time, and two collected temperature parameters can be uploaded to the cloud platform simultaneously, so that maintenance personnel can remotely grasp the fault situation, predict the cause of the fault in advance, and prepare repair parts.

[0099] It is important to note that the third shutdown protection procedure is set to a non-automatic recovery shutdown mode. This means that after a fault is detected, even if the temperature parameters subsequently return to normal, the unit will not restart automatically. Maintenance personnel must be on-site to check for refrigerant leaks, replenish refrigerant, and confirm that the fault has been completely eliminated. Only after manual local operation (such as pressing the fault clear button) or remote fault clearing command issued via the cloud, and after the controller verifies the validity of the command, can the shutdown protection state be lifted and the unit resume normal operation. This avoids secondary damage caused by repeated unit restarts when the fault is not completely resolved. It is particularly suitable for scenarios such as unattended residential use and centralized commercial water supply systems, improving system safety and reliability through mandatory manual intervention.

[0100] By employing the above technical solution, and using the compressor's non-defrosting operation and the absence of a faulty temperature detection device as the starting premise for the fault detection phase, the risk of misjudgment caused by operating condition interference and equipment malfunctions can be eliminated, ensuring the reliability of fault diagnosis. Simultaneously, relying solely on the ambient temperature at the outdoor heat exchanger's air inlet side and the compressor's suction pipe temperature collected by the water heater's own temperature detection device to construct the fault diagnosis basis eliminates the need for additional detection hardware, simplifying the self-testing system structure of fixed-frequency models and effectively controlling manufacturing costs. Furthermore, for the identified faults, corresponding fault handling procedures are executed. A non-automatically recoverable third shutdown protection procedure promptly interrupts the continuous impact of the fault condition on the compressor, preventing damage to the fixed-frequency compressor due to prolonged abnormal operation, extending the overall service life of the equipment, and improving user stability.

[0101] In the optional implementation scheme of the above-mentioned self-diagnosis method for water heater faults, the fault risk and fault type are determined as follows: within the third preset detection time, Tx-Te ≥ △T presetAnd Tx≥T preset-suction-t If ΔT is found, then the water heater is determined to have a refrigerant shortage fault; where ΔT preset For the preset temperature difference value, T preset-suction-t This is the preset intake temperature.

[0102] That is, within the third preset detection time, Tx-Te≥△T preset And Tx≥T preset-suction-t This allows for accurate determination of a refrigerant shortage fault in the water heater. Because the fixed-frequency compressor operates at a fixed speed, insufficient refrigerant circulation leads to inadequate heat exchange at the suction end, resulting in a significant increase in suction temperature. The difference between suction temperature and ambient temperature increases systematically. By superimposing dual temperature thresholds, the system can effectively distinguish between normal operating conditions and refrigerant shortage faults, avoiding misjudgments caused by a single abnormal parameter (such as a sudden change in ambient temperature).

[0103] If Tx-Te ≥ △T within the third preset detection time period preset With Tx≥T preset-suction-t If none of these conditions are met simultaneously, the unit is determined not to have a refrigerant shortage fault. The controller then controls the compressor to maintain normal operation and sets up a periodic self-check mechanism. Specifically, a preset repetitive cycle is set to re-trigger the fault detection phase, repeating the process of S41 to S42 to achieve continuous monitoring of refrigerant shortage faults, ensuring timely detection of potential fault hazards, and balancing equipment operational stability with energy consumption control.

[0104] Optionally, the preset repetition period can be set to a range of 30 min to 600 min.

[0105] Among them, △T preset The preset temperature difference value ranges from 3 min to 15 min. Preferably, ΔT preset It takes 5 minutes.

[0106] T preset-suction-t To preset the inhalation temperature, specifically, T preset-suction-t The temperature range is 40℃ to 60℃. Preferably, T preset-suction-t The temperature is 50℃.

[0107] Thirdly, this application also provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the fault self-diagnosis method for a water heater as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0108] Fourthly, this application also provides a water heater, including a controller or the aforementioned electronic device, wherein the controller is configured to perform the aforementioned self-diagnosis method for the water heater.

[0109] In the aforementioned optional implementation scheme for the water heater, a feedback communication module is further included, configured to perform a fault-related information upload operation and receive instructions remotely issued by maintenance personnel after the water heater determines the fault risk and fault type. The feedback communication module includes a data upload unit and an instruction receiving unit. The data upload unit is configured to collect at least one parameter associated with the fault type: ambient temperature Te, inlet pipe temperature Tg, water tank temperature Tw, and suction temperature Tx, as well as the water heater's fault code and fault determination time, and encrypt and upload the above information to the cloud platform. The instruction receiving unit is configured to receive fault clearing instructions remotely issued by maintenance personnel based on the cloud platform. After receiving the instruction, the instruction receiving unit feeds back to the controller to verify the validity of the instruction. After successful verification, the controller releases the water heater from the shutdown protection state.

[0110] In this solution, a feedback communication module enables two-way interaction between the water heater and the cloud platform. When a fault occurs, key operating parameters and fault characteristic information are automatically uploaded, facilitating remote diagnosis and the issuance of clearing commands by maintenance personnel, thus reducing on-site maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the data upload unit can periodically or triggerically upload device operating data to the cloud, providing data support for subsequent fault prediction and health management, further enhancing the product's intelligence level and user experience.

[0111] Furthermore, to further enhance the intelligence level of the feedback adjustment module, this solution also introduces a self-learning function. The system can continuously optimize parameters A, B, C, D, and E based on long-term accumulated operational data. Through machine learning algorithms, it dynamically adjusts the fault judgment threshold and detection time to adapt to different environmental conditions and user habits, improving the sensitivity and accuracy of fault identification. Simultaneously, combined with historical fault mode recognition, it achieves personalized early warning and adaptive control, further enhancing system stability and energy efficiency.

[0112] In the optional implementation scheme of the aforementioned water heater, a communication module is also included, configured to enable data interaction between the water heater and other smart terminals or cloud servers. Through the communication module, users can remotely monitor the device's operating status and receive real-time notifications and operational suggestions. For example, when the device detects an anomaly, the communication module will immediately send relevant information to the user's mobile application, allowing the user to take timely action. Simultaneously, the communication module also supports online firmware upgrades, enabling the device to obtain the latest control algorithms and functional expansions at any time, thereby extending the product's lifespan and improving user satisfaction.

[0113] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0114] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0115] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For instance, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between units or modules may be electrical or other forms.

[0116] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0117] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0118] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0119] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0120] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A self-diagnostic method for water heater malfunctions, characterized in that, The water heater includes a water tank, an outdoor unit, and a temperature detection device. The outdoor unit includes at least an outdoor heat exchanger, a compressor, and a four-way reversing valve. The compressor is a variable frequency compressor. The fault self-test method includes: If the cumulative runtime of the compressor is greater than or equal to a preset cumulative runtime, a pre-detection phase is initiated to predict whether the water heater has a risk of failure. The detection parameters used in the pre-detection phase to predict whether the water heater has a risk of failure include: the operating parameters of the compressor, the working status parameters of the four-way reversing valve, and the refrigerant shortage protection status parameters of the compressor. The operating parameters of the compressor include the first current operating frequency of the compressor, which is the current operating frequency of the compressor in the pre-detection phase. If a potential malfunction is anticipated in the water heater, the compressor's operating frequency is adjusted to a preset refrigerant shortage detection frequency. A precise judgment phase is initiated when the compressor's second current operating frequency meets the preset frequency condition, to accurately determine the malfunction risk and type. The precise judgment phase relies on several temperature parameters to accurately determine the malfunction risk and type, including: the compressor's operating parameters, the ambient temperature Te at the outdoor heat exchanger's air inlet side, the refrigerant inlet pipe temperature Tg at the outdoor heat exchanger's refrigerant inlet pipe, the water temperature Tw in the water tank, and the compressor's suction temperature Tx. The second current operating frequency is the actual current operating frequency of the compressor after it has been adjusted to the preset refrigerant shortage detection frequency. The fault handling procedure is executed based on the fault type determination result of the precise determination stage.

2. The fault self-diagnosis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating parameters of the compressor also include the first current drive power that drives the compressor to operate at the first current operating parameters; In the pre-detection phase, based on the compressor's operating parameters, the four-way reversing valve's working status parameters, and the compressor's refrigerant shortage protection status parameters, the potential for malfunction in the water heater is predicted, including: If, within the first preset detection period, the operating parameters of the compressor, the working status parameters of the four-way reversing valve, and the refrigerant shortage protection status parameters of the compressor simultaneously meet the following conditions, then the water heater is determined to have a risk of failure: The compressor’s first current drive power is less than or equal to a preset reference power threshold; The operating state parameters of the four-way reversing valve are characterized as the start-up state; The refrigerant shortage protection status parameters of the compressor characterize the refrigerant shortage protection effective status; The compressor’s first current operating frequency is greater than or equal to a preset frequency threshold; The preset reference power threshold is determined based on the compressor's first current operating frequency and the compressor's operating condition compensation power, and the operating condition compensation power is determined based on the ambient temperature and the lower limit of the ambient temperature at which the compressor can operate.

3. The fault self-testing method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outdoor unit also includes an outdoor fan; The pre-detection phase, based on the compressor's operating parameters, the four-way reversing valve's working status parameters, and the compressor's refrigerant shortage protection status parameters, predicts whether the water heater has a malfunction risk, and also includes: Within the first preset detection period, the fluctuation amplitude of the operating current of the outdoor fan is obtained; If the fluctuation amplitude is less than or equal to the preset fluctuation amplitude, and the current speed of the outdoor fan is greater than or equal to the preset speed, then the water heater is further determined to have a risk of failure based on the operating parameters of the compressor, the working status parameters of the four-way reversing valve, and the refrigerant shortage protection status parameters of the compressor. If the fluctuation amplitude is greater than the preset fluctuation amplitude, the outdoor fan is determined to be in a fault state, and the fault prompt program of the outdoor fan is triggered.

4. The fault self-diagnosis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the precise judgment stage, the fault state of the water heater is determined based on the compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters among the ambient temperature Te, inlet pipe temperature Tg, water temperature Tw, and suction temperature Tx, and the corresponding fault handling procedure is executed, including: If, within the second preset detection period, the operating parameters of the compressor and multiple temperature parameters among the ambient temperature Te, the inlet pipe temperature Tg, and the suction temperature Tx meet the first judgment condition, it is determined that the water heater has a refrigerant shortage fault, and the first non-automatic shutdown protection program in the fault handling program is executed. If, within the second preset detection period, the operating parameters of the compressor and multiple temperature parameters among the ambient temperature Te, the water temperature Tw, and the suction temperature Tx meet the second judgment condition, it is determined that the water heater has a system blockage fault, and the second shutdown protection program that cannot be automatically recovered in the fault handling program is executed. If the first judgment condition and the second judgment condition are not met within the second preset detection time, the current operating frequency of the compressor is adjusted to the initial operating frequency before entering the pre-detection stage, and the water heater is controlled to re-enter the pre-detection stage.

5. The fault self-diagnosis method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The compressor's operating parameters and multiple temperature parameters among the ambient temperature Te, the inlet pipe temperature Tg, and the suction temperature Tx satisfy the first determination condition, including simultaneously satisfying: 1) The second current drive power P of the compressor second ≤P fluorine ×K1+P compensation ; 2) The third current operating frequency F of the compressor actual ≤F fluorine +a; 3) The third current operating frequency F of the compressor actual ≥F fluorine -a; 4) Tg < Te-X1; Wherein, P fluorine For the preset drive power, F fluorine The preset fluoride deficiency detection frequency; P compensation The value is determined based on the ambient temperature Te and the lower limit of the ambient temperature at which the compressor can operate; a is the allowable value for compressor frequency fluctuation; X1 is the first preset temperature constant.

6. The fault self-testing method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The compressor's operating parameters, as well as multiple temperature parameters among the ambient temperature Te, water temperature Tw, and suction temperature Tx, satisfy the second determination condition, including simultaneously satisfying: 1) The second current drive power P of the compressor second ≤P fluorine ×K1+P compensation ; 2) The third current operating frequency F of the compressor actual ≤F fluorine +a; 3) The third current operating frequency F of the compressor actual ≥F fluorine -a; 4) Tx ≥ Te + X2; Wherein, the third current operating frequency is the current operating frequency of the compressor during the precise judgment phase; the P fluorine For the preset drive power, F fluorine The preset fluoride deficiency detection frequency; P compensation The temperature is determined based on the ambient temperature Te and the lower limit of the ambient temperature at which the compressor can operate; a is the allowable value for compressor frequency fluctuation; X2 is the second preset temperature constant.

7. A self-diagnostic method for a water heater, characterized in that, The water heater includes at least a water tank, an outdoor unit, and a temperature detection device. The outdoor unit includes at least an outdoor heat exchanger, a compressor, and a four-way reversing valve. The temperature detection device is used to detect at least the ambient temperature Te on the air inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger and the suction temperature Tx of the compressor's suction pipe. The compressor is a fixed-frequency compressor. The fault self-test method includes: When the compressor is in non-defrosting operation and the temperature detection device is fault-free, the fault detection stage is entered to determine the fault risk and fault type; wherein, the detection parameters used to determine the existence of a fault in the fault detection stage include the ambient temperature Te on the air inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger and the air intake temperature Tx of the compressor's suction pipe. The fault handling procedure is executed based on the fault type determination result; the fault handling procedure includes: a third shutdown protection procedure that cannot be automatically recovered.

8. The fault self-testing method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The failure risk and failure type are determined as follows: Within the third preset detection time, Tx-Te≥△T preset And Tx≥T preset-suction-t If so, it is determined that the water heater has a refrigerant shortage fault; Among them, △T preset For the preset temperature difference value, T preset-suction-t This is the preset intake temperature.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the self-diagnosis method for a water heater as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A water heater, characterized in that, Includes a controller or the electronic device of claim 9, wherein the controller is configured to perform the fault self-diagnosis method for the water heater as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. The water heater according to claim 10, characterized in that, Also includes: The feedback communication module is configured to perform a fault association information upload operation and receive instructions remotely issued by maintenance personnel after the water heater has determined the fault risk and fault type. The feedback communication module includes a data uploading unit and an instruction receiving unit. The data upload unit is configured to collect at least one of the following parameters associated with the fault type: ambient temperature Te, inlet pipe temperature Tg, water tank temperature Tw, and suction temperature Tx; the fault code of the water heater; and the fault determination time; and encrypt and upload the above information to the cloud platform. The instruction receiving unit is configured to receive fault clearing instructions remotely issued by maintenance personnel based on the cloud platform. After receiving the instruction, the instruction receiving unit feeds back to the controller to verify the validity of the instruction. After successful verification, the controller releases the water heater from the shutdown protection state.

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