Integrated device with multi-type positioning and environment simulation functions and test method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aero-engine ground test equipment, and particularly discloses an integrated device with multi-type positioning and environment simulation functions. The tool comprises a supporting structure, a positioning structure and a box body structure. The supporting structure is a rigid framework formed by longitudinally and transversely welded rib plates, and an outer partition plate integrated with a multifunctional connector is fixed to one side of the supporting structure. The positioning structure is installed on the rib plate in a modularized mode through the replaceable installation sleeve and comprises at least two horizontally-adjustable positioning assemblies and one vertically-adjustable positioning assembly, the positioning requirements of aviation products of different models can be rapidly met by replacing the installation sleeve, and the positioning pin can freely move in the axial direction to compensate thermal expansion. The box body structure comprises side plates and a top plate and can be rapidly disassembled and assembled with the supporting structure, when an environment test is needed, the box body structure and the supporting structure jointly define a heat-preservation and sealed simulation environment cavity, and lubrication, sensing and temperature control gas conveying is conducted through reserved connectors in the outer partition plate. The universal positioning function and the integrated environment simulation function are highly integrated, the technical problems that an existing tool is single in function, inconvenient to switch and complex in simulation environment construction are solved, the test efficiency is remarkably improved, and the table building cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ground testing technology for aero-engines and their accessory transmission systems, and in particular to a general-purpose chemical apparatus for fixing test products (such as gearboxes, drive shafts, etc.) on a test bench and for quickly constructing a closed, temperature-controlled test environment when needed. Background Technology

[0002] Before being installed in an aircraft, aircraft mechanical transmission systems (hereinafter referred to as "aviation products") must undergo thorough performance, durability, and environmental adaptability assessments on ground testing equipment. Ground testing typically includes functional testing at room temperature and environmental simulation testing under conditions such as high and low temperatures.

[0003] Traditional experimental methods have two major drawbacks:

[0004] Poor versatility of positioning tooling: Specialized positioning tooling needs to be designed and manufactured for different models and installation interface sizes of aerospace products. This not only leads to high design and manufacturing costs and long cycles, but also to cumbersome tooling inventory management and frequent modification of test benches.

[0005] Separation of Environmental Simulation and Positioning: When conducting environmental tests such as high and low temperatures, a large "environmental simulation chamber" needs to be built outside the positioning fixture. This simulation chamber is usually bulky and complex to install, requiring precise adjustments to avoid interference with the positioning fixture and the rotating product. It also has problems such as difficulty in ensuring sealing, uneven internal temperature field, and occupying a large amount of test space. Switching between room temperature and environmental simulation test states is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0006] There is a lack of an integrated solution in the current technology that can deeply integrate high-precision, adjustable universal positioning function with convenient, efficient, and high-performance environmental simulation function. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide an integrated device that combines multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions. Its core design concept is to construct a modular, reconfigurable rigid support frame, on which a "replaceable core" universal positioning system and a "quick-to-disassemble" insulated flexible enclosure system are integrated.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated device that combines multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions, characterized in that it comprises three major functional modules: Support Structure: Serving as the foundation of the entire fixture, it is constructed from high-strength steel welded in a crisscross pattern to form a grid-like ribbed frame, creating an extremely stable and rigid base skeleton. On one side of the skeleton (usually the rear or side), an external partition is bolted in place. This external partition is not only part of the housing but also an integrated interface panel, pre-machined with a series of standard interfaces such as sensor line inlets, oil inlets, oil return inlets, air inlets, and exhaust outlets.

[0009] Positioning Structure: This is the core of achieving the "multi-type positioning" function. It consists of at least two sets of horizontal positioning components and one set of vertical positioning components, all connected to the stiffeners of the supporting structure via a key transition component called a mounting sleeve. The mounting sleeve is fixed in a preset position on the stiffener using a precision axle (or stop). For different product models, the spatial coordinates of the positioning point can be changed simply by designing and replacing mounting sleeves with different locating pin hole positions, without altering the main frame. The locating pins are inserted into the mounting sleeves and prevented from rotating by a flat key, but are allowed a certain degree of freedom along the axial direction (horizontal for horizontal locating pins and vertically upward for bottom locating pins). This degree of freedom is crucial, allowing the aerospace product to adaptively micro-shift during thermal expansion / contraction due to temperature changes during testing, preventing the product shell from experiencing excessive constraint stress.

[0010] Enclosure Structure: This is the outer shell that enables the "environmental simulation" function. It consists of two side panels and a top panel. Both the side and top panels are constructed with double-layered panels filled with high-quality insulation material (such as glass wool or rock wool). These panels are detachably installed onto the supporting structure's stiffeners and the fixed outer partition using quick-release clamps, bolts, or latches. Once all panels are in place, they, together with the supporting structure, form a complete, sealed, and insulated simulated environment chamber, completely enclosing the tested aerospace product. All interfaces pre-installed on the outer partition lead to this chamber for easy connection. The side panels also feature observation windows (made of transparent polycarbonate or similar materials resistant to high and low temperatures) and safety pressure relief valves.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for conducting aviation product testing using the aforementioned integrated device, comprising the following steps: Based on the model of the aviation product to be tested, select or process mounting sleeves with horizontal and vertical positioning components having corresponding positioning pin hole positions; Install the selected mounting sleeve onto the stiffening plate of the supporting structure; The aviation products are positioned and installed using the positioning pins of the positioning structure. When environmental simulation tests are required, the side panels and top panel of the box structure are installed onto the supporting structure to form a sealed simulated environment chamber. The lubrication system of the aviation product is connected through the oil inlet and return ports on the outer partition, the test sensor is connected through the sensor wire inlet, and the temperature-controlled gas supply system is connected through the air inlet and exhaust port. The experiment was conducted, and the movable degrees of freedom of the locating pin within the mounting sleeve were used to compensate for the thermal expansion of the aerospace products caused by temperature changes. The test status can be observed through the observation window. When the pressure in the chamber rises abnormally, the pressure relief valve will automatically activate.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Extremely high versatility and economy: Through standardized mounting socket interfaces and replaceable mounting socket design, one main tooling can serve multiple product models. Only low-cost small mounting socket components need to be replaced, realizing "one to many" and greatly reducing tooling design, manufacturing costs and inventory management complexity.

[0013] 2. Functional Integration and Rapid Switching: The positioning and ring mold functions are deeply integrated into one unit. When conducting room temperature tests, the enclosure structure does not need to be installed, making the tooling simple and easy to observe and operate; when environmental tests are required, the enclosure structure can be quickly installed to immediately form a sealed environment, resulting in short switching time and high efficiency.

[0014] 3. Excellent simulated environment quality: The integrated design ensures excellent chamber sealing. The double-layer insulation structure effectively reduces heat loss and improves temperature control efficiency and internal temperature uniformity. The interface panel pre-integrated into the support frame avoids interference and sealing problems associated with external piping / cables during environmental enclosure construction.

[0015] 4. Intelligent mechanical design: The movable design of the locating pins cleverly solves the problem of additional load caused by thermal expansion of the product, protecting the product and improving testing accuracy. The rigid welded rib cage ensures overall support stability and avoids resonance.

[0016] 5. Safety and Convenience: The observation window facilitates real-time monitoring of the test status; the pressure relief valve provides a safe release channel in case of failure; and the handle at the end of the positioning pin makes disassembly and assembly very convenient.

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the integrated device in its complete state (i.e., with the housing structure installed) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of the embodiment shown.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The illustrated front view diagram of the embodiment.

[0021] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1—Oil inlet; 2—Outer partition; 3—Sensor wire inlet; 4—Right mounting sleeve; 5—Right locating pin; 6—Exhaust port; 7—Limit sleeve; 8—Bottom positioning pin; 9—Bottom mounting sleeve; 10—Bushing; 11—Left mounting sleeve; 12—Firming plate; 13—Left positioning pin; 14—Handle; 15—Air inlet; 16—Oil return port; 17—Top plate; 18—Side plate; 19—Observation window; 20—Pressure relief valve. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some embodiments of this invention, but not all embodiments.

[0023] The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0024] Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0026] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, the embodiments of the present invention demonstrate an integrated device for testing a certain type of aircraft transmission gearbox, which combines multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions.

[0027] I. Composition and Function of Supporting Structure The support structure is the "foundation" and "skeleton" of the entire fixture. Its core is a network of ribs 12 welded together from rectangular steel pipes or thick steel plates. This welded frame structure has extremely high bending and torsional stiffness, ensuring minimal deformation when bearing the weight of the test product and the test load. Its natural frequency is also designed to be far away from the possible test excitation frequency to avoid resonance.

[0028] On one of the main sides of the stiffening rib 12 frame (the rear side in the diagram), a large outer partition 2 is fixed with several high-strength bolts. This outer partition 2 adopts a double-layer insulation board structure consistent with the box structure. Its function is crucial: Integrated Interface Platform: The outer partition 2 is pre-fabricated with a series of standard orifices according to a universal layout during manufacturing. As shown in the figure, the upper part has an air inlet 15 and an exhaust port 6 for connecting external temperature control equipment to inject hot or cold air into the simulation chamber. The diameter of the air inlet 15 is intentionally designed to be larger than that of the exhaust port 6, so that a certain positive pressure can be established in the chamber, forcing the temperature-controlled gas to fill all corners of the chamber more quickly, improving the uniformity of the temperature field. The middle part has an oil inlet 1 and an oil return port 16 for connecting to an external lubrication system to provide lubrication and cooling for the gearbox under test. The side has a sensor wire inlet 3, which is usually a multi-hole sealed connector (such as a gland), for passing through test cables such as accelerometers and temperature sensors.

[0029] Structural sealing surfaces: The outer partition 2, together with the subsequently installed side plate 18 and top plate 17, constitute multiple surfaces of the sealed chamber, and its edges are equipped with sealing strips to ensure airtightness.

[0030] II. Implementation Details of the Positioning Structure The positioning structure is installed on the front of the stiffener 12 (the side opposite to the outer partition 2) for precisely clamping and fixing the tested aerospace product. This embodiment shows a typical layout of "two-point horizontal support + one-point vertical limit", but this is not a fixed pattern.

[0031] Horizontal positioning components: There are two sets, located on the left and right sides respectively. Taking the left side as an example, it includes the left mounting sleeve 11 and the left positioning pin 13.

[0032] Left mounting sleeve 11: This is a precision-machined steel sleeve. Its outer circle mates with the pre-set mounting hole on the stiffening plate 12 using a ferrule (stop), meaning a precise cylindrical surface mates to achieve radial positioning, while the end faces press against each other to achieve axial positioning. It is then secured to the back of the stiffening plate 12 with bolts. The position of this mounting hole is standardized on the stiffening plate 12. When adapting to different products, a new left mounting sleeve 11 can be redesigned and manufactured. The center position of its inner hole (for mounting the locating pin) can be offset according to the coordinates of the new product's fulcrum, while the outer circle mounting interface remains unchanged. This is key to achieving "multi-type positioning."

[0033] The left locating pin 13 is a smooth shaft that fits into the inner hole of the left mounting sleeve 11, ensuring high positioning accuracy. To prevent rotation, a keyway is provided between them, fitted with a flat key (not shown separately in the diagram). However, there is no axial clamping; the left locating pin 13 can slide freely within the left mounting sleeve 11 in the horizontal direction (left-right direction as shown in the diagram). A handle 14 is attached to the end of the locating pin for easy pulling by the operator. The right mounting sleeve 4 and right locating pin 5 on the right side are completely symmetrical in structure to those on the left.

[0034] Vertical positioning component: Located at the bottom of the product, it supports the product's weight and provides vertical positioning. It consists of bushing 10, bottom mounting sleeve 9, limiting sleeve 7, and bottom positioning pin 8, and its structure is more complex to provide vertical freedom.

[0035] Bushing 10: First, it is fixed to the standard mounting hole at the bottom of the stiffening plate 12 through the shaft fit.

[0036] Bottom mounting sleeve 9: Its outer circle is fixed to the inner hole shaft of bushing 10.

[0037] Limiting sleeve 7: Pressed into the inner hole of the bottom mounting sleeve 9 (interference fit). The lower end of the inner hole of the limiting sleeve 7 has a shoulder.

[0038] Bottom locating pin 8: Its lower end inserts into the limiting sleeve 7 and mates with the inner bore shaft. The upper end face of the shoulder of the bottom locating pin 8 is supported by the shoulder of the inner bore of the limiting sleeve 7, preventing it from falling downwards. The bottom locating pin 8 can move freely upwards within the limiting sleeve 7, but cannot disengage downwards. Similarly, they are prevented from rotating by a flat key.

[0039] Working principle: When the aerospace product is placed on the tooling, its left and right side lugs (or supports) are respectively fitted onto the left locating pin 13 and the right locating pin 5, with the bottom supported on the bottom locating pin 8. When the product expands due to increased test temperature, the distance between its left and right support points increases, pushing the left and right locating pins 13 and 5 to slide to both sides within their respective mounting sleeves; there may also be a slight expansion in the vertical direction, pushing the bottom locating pin 8 to move slightly upward. This design perfectly eliminates thermal stress, preventing product shell deformation or damage to the positioning structure.

[0040] III. Composition and Function of the Box Structure The enclosure structure is the shell that forms a simulated environment and is installed when environmental testing is required.

[0041] Side Plate 18: There are two plates, installed on the columns of the stiffening plate 12 frame from the left and right sides respectively using quick-release bolts. Side Plate 18 has a double-layer metal plate with an insulation layer; the inner plate may be made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel. One side plate 18 has an opening for an observation window 19 and a pressure relief valve 20. The observation window 19 is made of double-layer insulated glass or high-strength transparent plastic, allowing test personnel to visually inspect the product's operating status, for leaks, or for abnormal sparks. The pressure relief valve 20 is a mechanical pressure relief device. It is set with a safe pressure value (e.g., 1.5 times atmospheric pressure). When the pressure in the chamber suddenly increases due to a product malfunction (e.g., deflagration of lubricating oil vapor), the valve automatically opens to release pressure. Simultaneously, its structure prevents a large influx of external air from aiding combustion, improving safety.

[0042] Top plate 17: Covers the top of the stiffening plate 12 frame and the two side plates 18, and is also an insulated structure, forming the top cover of the chamber.

[0043] All the contact edges between the plates (side plates 18, top plates 17) and the outer partition 2 and stiffening plate 12 frame are fitted with silicone rubber or fluororubber sealing strips. After installation and tightening, a highly sealed and insulated simulated environment chamber is formed. The test product is completely placed in this chamber, and all its interfaces (oil ports, sensor interfaces, etc.) are connected to the external system through the corresponding reserved openings on the outer partition 2.

[0044] IV. Typical Work Process Preparation phase: Based on the product model to be tested, select or process the corresponding left mounting sleeve 11, right mounting sleeve 4, and bottom components (shield 10, bottom mounting sleeve 9, limit sleeve 7). Install them into the standard positions on the stiffening plate 12.

[0045] Product Installation and Room Temperature Testing: Hoist the aerospace product, align its fulcrum, and insert the left and right locating pins 13 and 5, with the bottom resting on the bottom locating pin 8. Other auxiliary clamps may be used to finally lock the product in place. At this point, the side plates 18 and top plate 17 can be left uninstalled, allowing for performance tests and break-in tests at room temperature. The operating space is ample, facilitating observation and adjustments.

[0046] Convert to environmental testing: When high and low temperature tests are required, first connect all necessary oil pipes, gas pipes, and sensor cables on the outer partition 2. Then install the two side plates 18 and the top plate 17 in sequence and tighten them securely. Check the sealing of all interfaces, observation windows, and pressure relief valves.

[0047] Environmental test operation: Start the external temperature control equipment and inject temperature-controlled gas into the chamber through the air inlet 15 to conduct a temperature rise and fall test. The expansion of the product caused by temperature changes is absorbed by the adaptive movement of the positioning pin.

[0048] Post-test switching: After the environmental test is completed, the temperature control system is turned off, the side plate 18 and the top plate 17 are removed, and the fixture is restored to the open positioning state, which facilitates product disassembly or other inspections.

[0049] Effects and advantages The integrated device described in this embodiment has been successfully applied in tests of multiple models of aerospace transmission products. Practice has proven that: Significantly effective standardization: For a series of products, the main tooling can be reused 100% of the time, requiring only the replacement of a small number of mounting sleeves, resulting in cost savings of over 60%.

[0050] Extremely high switching efficiency: The time to switch from room temperature to a working environment simulation state is controlled within 2 hours, while the traditional method of building an environment box usually takes 1-2 days.

[0051] Excellent environmental simulation performance: The chamber has good sealing performance, and the internal temperature uniformity is within ±3°C in a wide temperature range of -55°C to +150°C, meeting the requirements of the national military standard.

[0052] Operation is safe and reliable: thermal expansion compensation is effective, and no product or tooling damage has occurred due to thermal stress; the pressure relief valve successfully activated in the occasional minor deflagration of lubricating oil mist, protecting the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0053] In summary, this invention provides an innovative, efficient, and economical solution for testing equipment for aerospace products, which has significant promotional value and application prospects.

[0054] Example 2 Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This invention achieves the fabrication of a complete loading fixture structure. This invention provides an integrated device that combines multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions, functionally divided into two parts: "multi-type positioning" and "environmental simulation." These two parts form a whole, coordinating to form an integrated device that combines multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions, enabling room temperature testing and environmental simulation testing of various test products. The solution is as follows: Multi-type positioning: A composite machining rib plate 12, welded horizontally and vertically, forms the framework. It engages with the left mounting sleeve 11 and the right mounting sleeve 4 via shaft joints, ensuring both mounting sleeves are positioned on the rib plate 12, guaranteeing three-dimensional positioning. The left mounting sleeve 11 and the right mounting sleeve 4 engage with the left positioning pin 13 and the right positioning pin 5 respectively via shaft joints, ensuring vertical positioning. A keyed connection prevents axial rotation and maintains horizontal freedom, allowing for horizontal adjustment due to thermal expansion caused by temperature differences. At the bottom, the outer diameter of the bushing 10 engages with the rib plate 12 via shaft joints, ensuring three-dimensional positioning. The inner diameter of the bushing 10 also engages with the mounting sleeve via shaft joints, similarly ensuring three-dimensional positioning. The bottom positioning pin 8 and the limiting sleeve 7 are assembled with an interference fit and together engage with the bottom mounting sleeve 9 via shaft joints, ensuring vertical freedom and allowing for vertical adjustment due to thermal expansion caused by temperature differences. The above structure enables the positioning of aviation products. The diversity lies in the diversity of the mounting sleeve structure design. Different models and different positioning can be adjusted by changing the relative position of the positioning pin hole on the mounting sleeve, so that multiple positioning functions can be achieved by changing the mounting sleeve.

[0055] Environmental Simulation: The enclosure also uses a combination of horizontally and vertically welded stiffening plates 12 as its framework. The outer partition 2 is mounted on the stiffening plates 12 via mounting holes. To ensure the realism of the environmental simulation, the outer partition 2 has pre-reserved oil inlet / outlet ports 16, exhaust ports 6, and wiring ports, based on the product structure. Since these connections need to link to components outside the tooling, pre-reserved channels on the partition prevent interference with the piping, which could prevent the enclosure from closing, resulting in insufficient temperature or uneven environmental simulation. The outer partition 2, side plates 18, and top plate 17 all employ a double-layer structure, filled with insulating material in between to enhance thermal insulation. The air inlet 15 is designed to be larger than the exhaust port 6, increasing exhaust pressure to allow hot (cold) air to expand more quickly and evenly to all corners. An observation window 19 and a pressure relief valve 20 are installed on the enclosure to improve fault tolerance. All these structures together construct a complete environmental simulation chamber, realizing the environmental simulation function.

[0056] Example 3 See appendix Figure 1-3 The present invention provides an integrated device that combines multiple positioning and environmental simulation functions, the technical solution of which includes: a support structure, a positioning structure and a box structure; Step 1: The supporting structure has a supporting function and serves as the basic skeleton of the positioning structure and the box structure. It must meet the characteristics of strong stability and no resonance at the natural frequency. Step 2: The positioning structure is installed on the support structure and has a positioning function. It is used to fix the aviation products and ensure the conditions for accurate positioning of the aviation products. It also realizes multiple positioning functions through assembly with the support structure. Step 3: The box structure is installed on the support structure, forming a sealed simulated environment together with the support structure for sealing and heat preservation of the internal aviation products; Optionally, the supporting structure includes: stiffening plates 12 and outer partition plates 2. The stiffening plates 12 are used for support and fixation. All stiffening plates 12 are welded longitudinally and transversely to make the overall structure more stable. The assembly process is used to reserve installation positions for combination with the positioning structure. The outer partition plate 2 is fixed to the stiffening plates 12 with bolts. The side is reserved with channels such as sensor line inlet 3, oil inlet 1, and oil return port 16. The two ends are designed with transitions to enhance its sealing performance. At the same time, the outer partition plate 2 is designed with heat preservation to stabilize the ambient temperature inside the box.

[0057] The outer partition 2 also includes: a sensor line inlet 3, an oil inlet 1, an oil return inlet 16, an air inlet 15, and an exhaust outlet 6.

[0058] The sensor line inlet 3 is a reserved channel for sensor connection lines required during environmental testing, typically including accelerometers, temperature sensors, etc. The oil inlet 1 is used to supply fuel to the aviation products, essentially reserving an oil inlet channel inside the enclosure. The oil return port 16 is used to return fuel to the aviation products, essentially reserving an oil return channel inside the enclosure. The air inlet 15 is used to fill the entire sealed environment chamber with pre-prepared hot or cold air during temperature testing. The exhaust port 6 is used to exhaust the hot or cold air from the entire sealed environment chamber during temperature testing.

[0059] Optionally, the positioning structure includes: a left mounting sleeve 11 and a left positioning pin 13. The left mounting sleeve 11 is fixed to the stiffening plate 12 via a shaft engagement, and is used to fix the left positioning pin 13. The left positioning pin 13 is used to fix the fulcrum of the aerospace product. It is positioned with the left mounting sleeve 11 via a shaft engagement. It can move freely in the horizontal direction, and is anti-rotated in the circumferential direction by a flat key connection structure. A handle 14 is provided at the end to facilitate free extension and retraction of the optical axis during loading and unloading.

[0060] Optionally, the positioning structure further includes: a right mounting sleeve 4 and a right positioning pin 5. The right mounting sleeve 4 is fixed to the stiffening plate 12 via a shaft engagement, and is used to fix the right positioning pin 5. The right positioning pin 5 is used to fix the fulcrum of the aerospace product. It is positioned with the right mounting sleeve 4 via a shaft engagement. It can move freely in the horizontal direction, and is protected from rotation by a flat key connection structure in the circumferential direction. A handle 14 is also provided at the end to facilitate free extension and retraction of the optical axis during loading and unloading.

[0061] Optionally, the positioning structure further includes: a bushing 10, a bottom mounting sleeve 9, a limiting sleeve 7, and a bottom positioning pin 8. The bushing 10 is fixed to the reinforcing plate 12 via a shaft fit, and is used to fix the bottom mounting sleeve 9 via the shaft fit. The bottom mounting sleeve 9 is fixed to the outer diameter of the limiting sleeve 7 via a shaft fit, indirectly fixing the bottom positioning pin 8. The limiting sleeve 7 is fixed to the bottom positioning pin 8 via an interference fit, fixing the radial position of the bottom positioning pin 8, while simultaneously restricting the vertical position of the bottom positioning pin 8 to prevent it from falling. The bottom positioning pin 8 is used to fix the fulcrum of the aerospace product; it is positioned with the right mounting sleeve 4 via a shaft fit, and can move freely upwards in the vertical direction; its circumferential direction is prevented from rotating via a flat key connection structure.

[0062] Optionally, the enclosure structure includes: two side panels 18 and a top panel 17. The side panels 18 are installed around the support structure, forming a surrounding enclosure for the aerospace product through the front and rear side panels 18, and the side panels 18 also have thermal insulation capabilities. The top panel 17 is installed on the top of the support structure, and together with the side panels 18, forms a fully sealed structure for simulating the real aerospace environment during ground testing. The side panel 18 of the enclosure includes an observation window 19 and a pressure relief valve 20. The observation window 19 is made of transparent, heat-insulating material and is installed on the side panel 18 through pre-drilled holes, ensuring it faces the product for easy observation. The pressure relief valve 20 is installed on the side panel 18 to prevent excessive pressure inside the cavity. In the event of a sudden pressure increase due to a fault such as deflagration, the pressure relief valve 20 can release gas while preventing external oxygen from entering and continuing combustion, thus improving the fault tolerance rate.

[0063] Effect: An integrated device combining multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions has been used for the first time on an accessory transmission tester, effectively reducing setup and design costs. The designed structure is universally applicable; by adjusting the mounting sleeve, it can meet the positioning needs of various products. Simultaneously, it can achieve environmental simulation through simple installation, allowing for free switching between ambient temperature testing and environmental simulation states. This invention perfectly achieves the expected requirements of small footprint, strong airtightness, balanced environmental simulation, and high versatility, while also being easy to observe and having a high fault tolerance rate. It has the potential for widespread application and promotion.

[0064] Example 4 See appendix Figure 1-3 This invention provides an integrated device that combines multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions, comprising: The supporting structure, which has stiffening plates and external partitions, serves as the basic framework for the positioning structure and the box structure. The positioning structure includes a left mounting sleeve, a left positioning pin, a right mounting sleeve, a right positioning pin, a bushing, a bottom mounting sleeve, a limit sleeve, and a bottom positioning pin. It is used to fix aviation products and ensure the conditions for accurate positioning of aviation products. The enclosure structure has two side panels and a top panel, which together with the supporting structure form a sealed simulated environment for sealing and insulating the internal aerospace products.

[0065] Furthermore, the supporting structure includes: stiffening plates and outer partitions; The stiffening plates are used for support and fixation. All stiffening plates are welded longitudinally and transversely to make the overall structure more stable. The assembly process is used to reserve and position the installation location for the positioning structure. The outer partition is fixed to the stiffening plate with bolts. The side is reserved with channels such as sensor line inlet, oil inlet and oil return. The two ends are designed with transitions to enhance its sealing performance. At the same time, the outer partition is designed with heat preservation to stabilize the ambient temperature inside the box.

[0066] Furthermore, the outer partition also includes: a sensor wire inlet, an oil inlet, an oil return inlet, an air inlet, and an exhaust outlet; The sensor line inlet is a reserved channel for sensor connection lines required in environmental testing, generally including accelerometers, temperature sensors, etc. The oil inlet is used to supply fuel to aviation products, which is equivalent to reserving an oil inlet channel inside the container; The oil return port is used to return oil to aviation products, which is equivalent to reserving an oil return channel inside the box; During temperature testing, the air inlet is used to fill the entire sealed environment chamber with manufactured hot or cold air. The exhaust port is used to expel hot or cold air from the entire sealed environment chamber during temperature testing.

[0067] Furthermore, the positioning structure includes: a left mounting sleeve and a left positioning pin; The left mounting sleeve is fixed to the rib plate via a shaft fit, and is used to fix the left positioning pin; The left positioning pin is used to fix the fulcrum of the aviation product. It is positioned by the engagement of the shaft and the left mounting sleeve. It can move freely in the horizontal direction and is anti-rotated by the flat key connection structure in the circumferential direction. A handle is provided at the end to facilitate the free extension and retraction of the optical axis during loading and unloading.

[0068] Furthermore, the positioning structure also includes: a right mounting sleeve and a right positioning pin; The right mounting sleeve is fixed to the rib plate via a shaft engagement, and is used to fix the right positioning pin; The right locating pin is used to fix the fulcrum of the aviation product. It is positioned by the shaft and the right mounting sleeve. It can move freely in the horizontal direction and is anti-rotated by the flat key connection structure in the circumferential direction. The end is also provided with a handle to facilitate the free extension and retraction of the optical axis during loading and unloading.

[0069] Furthermore, the positioning structure also includes: a bushing, a bottom mounting sleeve, a limiting sleeve, and a bottom positioning pin; The bushing is fixed to the stiffening plate via a shaft engagement, and is used to fix the bottom mounting sleeve via the shaft engagement; The bottom mounting sleeve is fixed by the inner diameter of the shaft fitting with the outer diameter of the limiting sleeve, thereby indirectly fixing the bottom positioning pin; The limiting sleeve is fixed to the bottom positioning pin by an interference fit inner diameter, fixing the radial position of the bottom positioning pin and restricting the vertical position of the bottom positioning pin to prevent it from falling off. The bottom positioning pin is used to fix the fulcrum of the aviation product. It is positioned by the shaft and the right mounting sleeve. It can move freely upward in the vertical direction and is prevented from rotating in the circumferential direction by a flat key connection structure.

[0070] Furthermore, the box structure includes: two side panels and a top panel; The side panels are installed around the support structure, forming a surrounding enclosure for the aerospace product through the front and rear side panels, while the side panels also have heat insulation capabilities. The top plate is installed on top of the support structure and, together with the side plate, forms a fully sealed structure for simulating the real aviation environment during ground testing.

[0071] Furthermore, the side panel includes: an observation window and a pressure relief valve; The observation window is made of transparent heat-insulating material and is installed on the side panel through pre-drilled holes, keeping it facing the product for observation. The pressure relief valve is installed on the side plate to prevent excessive pressure inside the cavity. When a sudden increase in pressure occurs, such as in the event of a deflagration fault, the gas can be discharged through the pressure relief valve while preventing external oxygen from entering and continuing to burn, thus improving the fault tolerance rate.

[0072] Furthermore, using a combination of horizontal and vertical welded stiffening plates as a framework, and cooperating with the left and right mounting sleeves via shafts, both mounting sleeves are positioned on the stiffening plates, ensuring three-way positioning; The left and right mounting sleeves are respectively engaged with the left and right locating pins to ensure vertical positioning. Axial rotation is prevented by a flat key connection, and horizontal freedom is maintained so that the product can be horizontally adjusted due to thermal expansion caused by temperature difference. The bottom is axially fitted with the stiffening plate through the outer diameter of the bushing to ensure three-way positioning. The inner diameter of the bushing is then axially fitted with the mounting sleeve to ensure three-way positioning as well. The bottom positioning pin and the limiting sleeve are assembled by interference fit, and together they are limited by the bottom mounting sleeve through shaft fit. The vertical direction is also guaranteed so that the thermal expansion of the product caused by temperature difference can be adjusted vertically. The above structure enables the positioning of aviation products. The diversity lies in the diversity of the mounting sleeve structure design. Different models and different positioning can be adjusted by changing the relative position of the positioning pin hole on the mounting sleeve, so that multiple positioning functions can be achieved by changing the mounting sleeve.

[0073] Furthermore, using a combination of horizontal and vertical welded stiffening plates as the framework, the outer partition is installed on the stiffening plates through mounting holes. To ensure the realism of the environmental simulation, oil inlet and outlet ports, exhaust ports, and wiring ports are reserved on the outer partition according to the product structure. Since all of the above channels need to be connected to components outside the tooling, channels are reserved in advance on the partition to avoid the box from being unable to close due to pipeline interference, resulting in the temperature not meeting the conditions or the environmental simulation being uneven. The outer partition, side panels, and top panel all adopt a double-layer structure with thermal insulation material filling the middle to enhance the thermal insulation function; The air intake is designed to be larger than the exhaust port, which increases the exhaust pressure so that hot and cold air can expand to every corner more quickly and evenly. The enclosure is equipped with an observation window and a pressure relief valve to improve fault tolerance. The above structures together form a complete simulation environment simulation box, realizing the environmental simulation function.

[0074] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. This application uses an installation sleeve as a positioning pin for transferring and fixing the product installation, so that after long-term wear of the positioning surface, only the parts need to be replaced, thereby improving service life and fault tolerance.

[0075] 2. This application can freely change the installation position of the positioning pin by designing the pin hole position on the mounting sleeve, thereby realizing the positioning needs of products with different structures and having positioning functions for multiple product types.

[0076] 3. The outer walls of the enclosure and outer partitions of this application adopt a composite board double-layer insulation structure with insulation material in between to enhance the insulation function.

[0077] 4. The outer partition of this application has reserved structures for oil passages, gas passages, and wiring to achieve a fully enclosed environment and avoid the problem of sealing failure due to pipeline extensions.

[0078] 5. The mounting sleeve and positioning pin of this application can slide freely in the installation direction, ensuring that the product can automatically compensate for thermal expansion changes when heated during actual operation, and preventing the product shell from being squeezed or stretched.

[0079] 6. The supporting structure of this application has reserved installation holes, which form a sealed environment by installing a heat insulation plate. It is easy to disassemble and allows for free switching between normal temperature test state and environmental simulation state.

[0080] 7. The intake port diameter of this application is designed to be larger than the exhaust port diameter, which increases the exhaust pressure so that hot (cold) air can expand to all corners faster and more evenly.

[0081] 8. The enclosure of this application is equipped with an observation window, which can promptly detect the internal operating status during environmental testing and identify risks in advance.

[0082] 9. The housing of this application is equipped with a pressure relief valve to prevent excessive pressure inside the chamber. When a sudden increase in pressure occurs, such as in the event of a deflagration failure, the gas can be discharged through the pressure relief valve while preventing external oxygen from entering and continuing to burn, thereby improving the fault tolerance rate.

[0083] Thus, the objective of this invention has been achieved.

[0084] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated device combining multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions, characterized in that, include: The supporting structure includes a basic framework consisting of longitudinally and transversely welded stiffening plates; A positioning structure is installed on the stiffener plate of the support structure for fixing aviation products. The positioning structure includes at least two horizontally adjustable horizontal positioning components and one vertically adjustable vertical positioning component. The horizontal and vertical positioning components are connected to the stiffener plate through replaceable mounting sleeves. By replacing the mounting sleeves with different positioning pin hole positions, the installation interface of different models of aviation products can be adapted. The enclosure structure is detachably mounted on the supporting structure. The enclosure structure includes side panels and a top panel. The side panels and the outer partition together form a sealed simulated environment chamber with the supporting structure for sealing and heat preservation of the aerospace products placed inside.

2. The integrated device with multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting structure also includes an outer partition plate fixed to one side of the stiffener plate. The outer partition plate is equipped with a sensor line inlet, an oil inlet, an oil return inlet, an air inlet, and an exhaust inlet that are connected to the simulated environment chamber.

3. The integrated device with multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each horizontal positioning component of the positioning structure includes a mounting sleeve and a positioning pin. The mounting sleeve is fixed to the rib plate by a shaft engagement. The positioning pin is connected to the mounting sleeve by a shaft engagement, and a flat key is provided between the two to prevent relative rotation. The positioning pin has a horizontal degree of freedom of movement within the mounting sleeve along its axial direction.

4. The integrated device with multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vertical positioning component of the positioning structure includes a bushing, a bottom mounting sleeve, a limiting sleeve, and a bottom positioning pin. The bushing is fixed to the stiffening plate by a shaft fit. The bottom mounting sleeve is installed inside the bushing by a shaft fit. The limiting sleeve is fixed inside the bottom mounting sleeve. The bottom positioning pin is interference-fitted with the limiting sleeve and is restricted from falling vertically. The bottom positioning pin has an upward vertical movement freedom within the limiting sleeve and is prevented from circumferential rotation by a flat key.

5. The integrated device with multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side panels and top panel of the box structure, as well as the outer partition of the supporting structure, are all double-layer partition structures filled with heat insulation material in between.

6. The integrated device with multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side panel of the enclosure structure is equipped with an observation window and a pressure relief valve. The observation window is made of transparent heat-insulating material, and the pressure relief valve is used to automatically release pressure when the pressure in the chamber is too high.

7. The integrated device with multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flow cross-section of the air inlet is larger than that of the air outlet.

8. The integrated device with multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, A handle is provided at the end of the positioning pin.

9. The integrated device with multi-type positioning and environmental simulation functions according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The box structure and the support structure are detachably connected, so that the tooling can switch between a standalone positioning function state and a positioning and environmental simulation integrated function state.

10. A method for conducting aviation product testing using the integrated device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Based on the model of the aviation product to be tested, select or process mounting sleeves with horizontal and vertical positioning components having corresponding positioning pin hole positions; Install the selected mounting sleeve onto the stiffening plate of the supporting structure; The aviation products are positioned and installed using the positioning pins of the positioning structure. When environmental simulation tests are required, the side panels and top panel of the box structure are installed onto the supporting structure to form a sealed simulated environment chamber. The lubrication system of the aviation product is connected through the oil inlet and return ports on the outer partition, the test sensor is connected through the sensor wire inlet, and the temperature-controlled gas supply system is connected through the air inlet and exhaust port. The experiment was conducted, and the movable degrees of freedom of the locating pin within the mounting sleeve were used to compensate for the thermal expansion of the aerospace products caused by temperature changes. The test status can be observed through the observation window. When the pressure in the chamber rises abnormally, the pressure relief valve will automatically activate.

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