Monitoring device and method for water environment ecological heavy metal pollution

Abstract

The invention relates to a monitoring device and method for water environment ecological heavy metal pollution, and relates to the technical field of water environment monitoring, the monitoring device comprises a floating seat, and also comprises a hollow rod which vertically penetrates through the floating seat in a liftable manner and is in sliding fit with the floating seat; the telescopic monitoring piece is arranged in the hollow rod, and the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring piece can stretch out or retract in the axial direction of the hollow rod; the lifting part is mounted on the floating seat and is used for driving the hollow rod to lift along the vertical direction so as to adjust the monitoring depth; synchronous linkage of stretching and retracting of the monitoring probe and water sample collection is achieved through the negative pressure linkage piece, when monitoring data exceed a preset range, the sampling process can be automatically triggered, an additional driving component is not needed, a water sample is rapidly sucked through negative pressure, and the sampling efficiency is improved. The operation process is simplified, sampling delay is avoided, efficient closed loop of monitoring, abnormity and sampling is achieved, and the pollution emergency monitoring response speed is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water environment monitoring technology, and in particular to a monitoring device and method for heavy metal pollution in the water environment. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy metal pollution in the aquatic environment is characterized by its high degree of concealment, persistent toxicity, and difficulty in natural degradation. Heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, and mercury enter water bodies through industrial emissions and agricultural activities, and then accumulate along the food chain, posing a serious threat to the balance of the ecosystem and human health. Therefore, accurate and efficient monitoring of heavy metal pollution in the aquatic environment is a key prerequisite for pollution prevention and control, and reliable monitoring technologies and equipment are urgently needed.

[0003] Existing heavy metal monitoring devices for the water environment often suffer from limited functionality and poor coordination: some devices can only detect heavy metal content at a single depth, making it difficult to meet the monitoring needs of different water layers; some devices separate sampling and monitoring designs, requiring additional operations to complete water sample collection, which is not only inefficient but also prone to deviations between monitoring data and actual pollution levels due to sampling delays. In addition, monitoring probes are prone to adhering to impurities, microbial films, and other pollutants when immersed in water for extended periods. If not cleaned in time, this will seriously affect the monitoring accuracy. Traditional manual cleaning methods are cumbersome and cannot achieve real-time synchronous cleaning, further restricting the continuity and accuracy of monitoring work. Based on this, a monitoring device and method for heavy metal pollution in the water environment are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, the present invention provides a monitoring device and method for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments. The device achieves synchronous linkage between the extension and retraction of the monitoring probe and the collection of water samples through a negative pressure linkage component. When the monitoring data exceeds the preset range, the sampling process can be automatically triggered without the need for additional driving components. The water sample is quickly drawn in through negative pressure, simplifying the operation process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments, comprising a float and further comprising: A hollow rod extends vertically and vertically through the float, and forms a sliding fit with the float; A telescopic monitoring device is installed inside the hollow rod, and its monitoring end can extend or retract along the axial direction of the hollow rod. A lifting component, installed on the float, is used to drive the hollow rod to move vertically up and down to adjust the monitoring depth; At least one sampling tube is arranged circumferentially at the lower end of the periphery of the hollow rod, and the side wall of the sampling tube is provided with an openable and closable water intake port; A cleaning ring is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the hollow rod, and the cleaning ring is used to simultaneously wipe and clean the surface of the monitoring end when the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring component extends or retracts from the hollow rod. A negative pressure linkage is connected between the sampling cylinder and the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring device. When the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring device extends out of the hollow rod, the negative pressure linkage synchronously drives the air inside the sampling cylinder to be discharged. The deflection linkage is connected between the negative pressure linkage and the cleaning ring. When the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring component extends or retracts the hollow rod, the cleaning ring is rotated through the deflection linkage.

[0006] Preferably, the lifting component includes a drive motor mounted on the upper surface of the float, the output end of the drive motor is connected to a vertical lead screw, a lead screw nut seat is mounted on the outside of the lead screw, and the hollow rod is mounted on the outside of the lead screw nut seat through a connecting block.

[0007] Preferably, an exhaust pipe is connected to the bottom end of the sampling cylinder, and a one-way valve is installed on the exhaust pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the telescopic monitoring device includes a connected heavy metal monitoring probe and a first connecting rod, with an electric telescopic rod installed at the top of the first connecting rod.

[0009] Preferably, the negative pressure linkage component includes: A cover, which can be raised and lowered, is installed around the water intake. A convex plate is fixed to the top of the sampling tube, and a spring is connected between the lower end face of the convex plate and the top of the cap. The second connecting rod connects the outer wall of the heavy metal monitoring probe to the bottom of the cover.

[0010] Preferably, the negative pressure linkage further includes: The piston is sealed and slidably disposed inside the sampling cylinder; The guide rod has one end fixed to the bottom end of the piston, and the other end passes through the bottom wall of the sampling cylinder and is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, the deflection linkage includes: A rack and pinion, vertically fixed to the outside of one of the guide rods; The first spur gear is meshed with the rack, and a first bevel gear is coaxially fixed on the first spur gear; The second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear, and a second spur gear is coaxially fixed on the second bevel gear; An arc-shaped rack is fixed to the outside of the cleaning ring, and the arc-shaped rack is meshed with a second spur gear.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning ring has multiple cleaning cotton pieces arranged in a ring array inside, and a connecting ring is installed between the top of the cleaning ring and the sampling cylinder. The cleaning cotton pieces are provided with arc-shaped grooves to avoid the second connecting rod.

[0013] Preferably, a conical seat is fixed to the lower outer end of the hollow rod, and the sampling cylinder is mounted on the conical seat.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for monitoring heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments, using the aforementioned monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments, and comprising the following steps: S1. Place the device in the water area to be measured, so that the float floats on the water surface. Start the drive motor to drive the screw to rotate, and drive the hollow rod to move vertically downward through the screw nut seat, and adjust the bottom of the hollow rod to the preset monitoring depth. S2. Start the electric telescopic rod to extend, which will drive the heavy metal monitoring probe at the bottom of the first connecting rod to move downward along the hollow rod axis. As the heavy metal monitoring probe passes through the cleaning ring, the cleaning cotton on the inside of the cleaning ring will vertically wipe and clean its surface. After the heavy metal monitoring probe is fully inserted into the water, the heavy metal content will be monitored in real time. S3. When the monitored value exceeds the preset range, continue to control the extension of the electric telescopic rod to move the heavy metal monitoring probe further down. Simultaneously, pull the cover down through the second connecting rod to open the water sampling port. At the same time, drive the guide rod and piston to move down in the sampling tube to discharge the air in the sampling tube along the exhaust pipe, so that negative pressure is formed in the sampling tube. Under the action of negative pressure, the water quickly enters the sampling tube through the water sampling port to complete the water sample collection. S4. After sampling is completed, the electric telescopic rod is retracted, driving the heavy metal monitoring probe to reset upwards. Under the elastic force of the reset spring, the cover is reset upwards, sealing the water inlet to prevent water sample leakage. During the downward or upward movement of the heavy metal monitoring probe, the cleaning ring can be rotated through the deflection linkage to achieve rotational wiping and cleaning. Subsequently, the recovery device conducts further laboratory testing and analysis on the water sample in the sampling tube to improve the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0015] The technical solution provided by this invention may include the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, the extension and retraction of the heavy metal monitoring probe and the collection of water samples are synchronized through a negative pressure linkage component, without the need for additional driving components. When the monitoring data exceeds the preset range, the sampling process can be automatically triggered. The downward movement of the monitoring probe is used to simultaneously open the water intake port and expel the air in the sampling tube. The water sample is quickly drawn in through negative pressure, which simplifies the operation process and avoids the sampling delay problem caused by the traditional separate design of monitoring and sampling. It realizes an efficient closed loop of monitoring, anomaly identification and sampling, and improves the response speed of pollution emergency monitoring.

[0016] 2. In this invention, by utilizing the cooperation between the cleaning ring and the deflection linkage, during the extension or retraction of the monitoring probe, vertical wiping can be achieved, and the cleaning ring can be rotated through mechanical transmission to form a compound wiping action. This can thoroughly remove impurities and contaminants attached to the probe surface, avoid residual contaminants interfering with the monitoring signal, ensure the accuracy and stability of each monitoring data, and reduce monitoring errors caused by probe contamination.

[0017] 3. In this invention, the hollow rod is driven to rise and fall vertically by the lifting component, which can flexibly adjust the monitoring depth of the heavy metal monitoring probe. It can specifically detect the heavy metal content in different water layers. Compared with fixed-depth monitoring devices, it has a wider coverage and more comprehensive data, providing a reliable basis for pollution source tracing.

[0018] 4. In this invention, the overall device achieves multiple functions in synergy through mechanical linkage, eliminating the need for complex multi-stage drives; the sampling process utilizes the principle of negative pressure to quickly draw in water samples, resulting in high collection efficiency; the float is equipped with an inflatable float and a traction rope connection structure, which allows for flexible positioning and retrieval, reducing the difficulty of on-site operation.

[0019] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same parts in the exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the present invention. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure from another angle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow rod, lifting component, sampling cylinder, cleaning ring, and cleaning ring in this invention; Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling cylinder, cleaning ring, negative pressure linkage, and deflection linkage of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sampling cylinder, negative pressure linkage component, and deflection linkage component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is the present invention. Figure 6 A structural diagram from another angle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning ring and deflection linkage of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the sampling tube of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling tube of the present invention.

[0022] The correspondence between the labels and component names in the attached figures is as follows: 1. Float; 101. Inflatable float; 102. Convex ring; 2. Hollow rod; 3. Lifting component; 31. Drive motor; 32. Lead screw; 33. Lead screw nut seat; 4. Conical seat; 5. Sampling cylinder; 51. Exhaust pipe; 52. Water intake port; 53. Guide channel; 6. Cleaning ring; 61. Cleaning cotton; 62. Connecting ring; 63. Arc groove; 7. Telescopic monitoring component; 71. Heavy metal monitoring probe; 72. First connecting rod; 73. Electric telescopic rod; 8. Negative pressure linkage component; 81. Guide rod; 82. Cover; 83. Protruding plate; 84. Spring; 85. Second connecting rod; 86. Piston; 9. Deflection linkage; 91. Straight rack; 92. First spur gear; 93. First bevel gear; 94. Second bevel gear; 95. Second spur gear; 96. Arc rack. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this invention. Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example 1: See Figures 1-10As shown, this invention proposes a monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments, including a float 1. To ensure the stability of the float 1 on the water surface, inflatable floats 101 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the float 1's periphery. The inflatable floats 101 are made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant rubber and can flexibly adjust the internal air volume through an inflation valve. A protruding ring 102 is fixed to the outer wall of the float 1, which is used to connect to telescopic traction components such as a towing rope, facilitating remote retrieval of the float 1 by personnel on the shore or on a monitoring vessel. This also facilitates the inspection, maintenance, and water sample transfer of the device. An installation cavity is provided on the upper surface of the float 1, in which a battery, controller, signal transmitter, and power management system are fixedly installed. The device includes electrical components such as modules, with a high-capacity waterproof lithium battery (supporting solar-assisted charging) to ensure continuous 24 / 7 operation for several days. The controller integrates a microcontroller and wireless communication module, providing remote control, data acquisition, command reception, and fault alarm functions. It can transmit monitoring data to the backend terminal in real time and respond to remotely issued operation commands, enabling unattended monitoring. It also includes a hollow rod 2, a lifting component 3, a sampling cylinder 5, a cleaning ring 6, a telescopic monitoring component 7, and a negative pressure linkage component 8. The hollow rod 2 is made of high-strength alloy material, possessing excellent corrosion resistance and bending resistance. The hollow rod 2 vertically and vertically extends through the float 1, and... A sliding fit is formed between the hollow rod 2 and the float 1. The telescopic monitoring element 7 is installed inside the hollow rod 2. The monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring element 7 can extend or retract along the axial direction of the hollow rod 2 for real-time monitoring of the heavy metal content in the water environment to be tested. The lifting element 3 is installed on the float 1 and is used to drive the hollow rod 2 to rise and fall vertically to adjust the monitoring depth. At least one sampling cylinder 5 is provided. The sampling cylinder 5 is circumferentially located at the lower end of the outer periphery of the hollow rod 2. The bottom end of the sampling cylinder 5 is connected to an exhaust pipe 51. A one-way valve is installed on the exhaust pipe 51 to allow only the air inside the sampling cylinder 5 to be discharged outward along the exhaust pipe 51 to prevent water backflow. The side wall of the sampling cylinder 5 is provided with an openable and closable water intake port. 52. A conical seat 4 is fixed to the lower outer end of the hollow rod 2. The sampling cylinder 5 is installed on the conical seat 4. The conical structure design of the conical seat 4 can also divert water during the sinking of the device and reduce resistance. The cleaning ring 6 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the hollow rod 2. The cleaning ring 6 is used to wipe and clean the surface of the monitoring end when the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring component 7 extends or retracts from the hollow rod 2. The negative pressure linkage 8 is connected between the sampling cylinder 5 and the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring component 7. When the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring component 7 extends out of the hollow rod 2, the negative pressure linkage 8 synchronously drives the air inside the sampling cylinder 5 to be discharged, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the sampling cylinder 5 to quickly draw in water samples.

[0026] Among them, see Figures 1-4As shown, the lifting component 3 includes a drive motor 31 vertically mounted on the upper surface of the float 1. The output end of the drive motor 31 is connected to a vertical lead screw 32. A lead screw nut seat 33 is mounted on the outside of the lead screw 32. The hollow rod 2 is mounted on the outside of the lead screw nut seat 33 through a connecting block. When the drive motor 31 is started, the output end of the drive motor 31 drives the lead screw 32 to rotate, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the lead screw nut seat 33, which in turn drives the hollow rod 2 to lift and lower. A sealing ring is provided at the point where the hollow rod 2 passes through the float 1 to prevent water leakage without affecting the lifting and lowering of the hollow rod 2.

[0027] See Figures 3-4 As shown, the telescopic monitoring component 7 includes a connected heavy metal monitoring probe 71 and a first connecting rod 72. An electric telescopic rod 73 is installed at the top of the first connecting rod 72. Activating the electric telescopic rod 73 can move the first connecting rod 72, thereby enabling the telescopic movement of the heavy metal monitoring probe 71. The heavy metal monitoring probe 71 integrates a heavy metal sensor (such as an anodic stripping voltammetry sensor). When extended, it directly contacts the water body to be tested, and performs real-time monitoring of the content of heavy metal ions such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and chromium in the water.

[0028] See Figures 5-7 as well as Figures 9-10 As shown, the negative pressure linkage 8 includes a cover 82 and a second connecting rod 85. The cover 82 is raised and lowered and is installed around the water intake 52. The second connecting rod 85 is connected between the outer wall of the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 and the bottom end of the cover 82. A protruding plate 83 is fixed at the top of the sampling cylinder 5. A spring 84 is connected between the lower end face of the protruding plate 83 and the top of the cover 82. The spring 84 is made of corrosion-resistant material. When the spring 84 is in its natural state, the cover 82 keeps the water intake 52 sealed. The inside of the sampling cylinder 5 is sealed and slidably mounted on the piston 86. A guide rod 81 is fixed at the bottom end of the piston 86. The other end of the guide rod 81 passes through the bottom wall of the sampling cylinder 5 and is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod 85.

[0029] The outer wall of the sampling cylinder 5 is provided with a vertical guide groove 53, the side of the cover 82 facing the sampling cylinder 5 is provided with a guide block, and a sealing strip is fixed at the edge of the side of the cover 82 facing the sampling cylinder 5.

[0030] See Figures 5-8As shown, the cleaning ring 6 has multiple cleaning cotton 61 arranged in a ring array inside. The cleaning cotton 61 is made of a wear-resistant material that does not damage the monitoring probe. A connecting ring 62 is installed between the top of the cleaning ring 6 and the sampling cylinder 5. A high-precision bearing is embedded in the connecting ring 62, allowing the cleaning ring 6 to rotate flexibly. When the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring component 7 extends or retracts the hollow rod 2, the monitoring end and the cleaning cotton 61 move relative to each other. The cleaning cotton 61 can simultaneously wipe and clean the surface of the monitoring end, effectively removing adhering water impurities, microbial films and other pollutants, avoiding the impact of pollutants on the monitoring accuracy, and ensuring the accuracy of each monitoring data. The cleaning cotton 61 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 63 to avoid the second connecting rod 85. The cleaning cotton 61 is installed in a detachable manner for easy replacement later.

[0031] Based on the above, in practical use, the staff first connects a traction rope to the convex ring 102 of the float 1, adjusts the air volume of the inflatable float 101 according to the monitoring requirements to ensure that the float 1 can float stably on the water surface, and then places the device in the water area to be measured. The traction rope positions the device at the preset monitoring point to prevent it from drifting with the water flow. Afterwards, the staff sends a command to the controller through the back-end terminal to start the drive motor 31. The drive motor 31 drives the lead screw 32 to rotate, which drives the hollow rod 2 to move vertically downward through the lead screw nut seat 33, adjusting the bottom of the hollow rod 2 to the preset monitoring depth. After the depth adjustment is completed, the controller starts... The electric telescopic rod 73 extends, causing the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 at the bottom of the first connecting rod 72 to move downward along the hollow rod 2 axis. As the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 passes through the cleaning ring 6, the cleaning cotton 61 inside the cleaning ring 6 wipes and cleans the probe surface vertically under the action of relative motion, removing dust and impurities that may be attached to the probe surface to ensure monitoring accuracy. After the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 is fully inserted into the water, the sensor is activated to monitor the heavy metal content in the water in real time. After the monitoring data is initially processed by the controller, it is transmitted to the back-end terminal in real time through the signal transmitter, and the staff can remotely view the monitoring results. When the monitored value exceeds the preset safety range, the controller automatically triggers a sampling command, continuing to control the extension of the electric telescopic rod 73, causing the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 to move further down. Simultaneously, the second connecting rod 85 pulls the cover 82 down, at which point the spring 84 is further pulled, opening the water inlet 52 (the length of the cover 82 is precisely designed so that it can still block the water inlet 52 when the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 first moves to the monitoring position). At the same time, the second connecting rod 85 pulls the guide rod 81 and piston 86 down synchronously within the sampling cylinder 5, causing the air inside the sampling cylinder 5 to move downwards along... The exhaust pipe 51 quickly discharges air, creating a negative pressure inside the sampling cylinder 5. Under the influence of the pressure difference between atmospheric pressure and the negative pressure, water is rapidly drawn into the sampling cylinder 5 through the water inlet 52, completing the water sample collection. After sampling, the controller retracts the electric telescopic rod 73, causing the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 to return to its original position. At this time, the tension in the second connecting rod 85 disappears, and under the elastic force of the spring 84, the cap 82 returns to its original position, resealing the water inlet 52 to prevent water leakage. The piston 86 also returns to its original position under the action of the guide rod 81, maintaining a sealed state inside the sampling cylinder 5 to ensure the water sample is not contaminated. Subsequently, staff retrieve the device using a traction rope, remove the sampling cylinder 5, and send the water sample to the laboratory for further precise testing and analysis. Combined with real-time monitoring data, a complete monitoring report is generated, improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results. Furthermore, the entire monitoring process requires no manual on-site operation, achieving full automation from monitoring and abnormal alarm to sampling, effectively improving the efficiency and intelligence level of heavy metal pollution monitoring in the water environment.

[0032] Example 2: See Figure 1 as well as Figures 3-8 As shown, this embodiment is an extension of embodiment one. The monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in the water environment also includes a deflection linkage 9. The deflection linkage 9 is connected between the negative pressure linkage 8 and the cleaning ring 6. When the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring component 7 extends or retracts from the hollow rod 2, the linear motion is converted into rotational motion through the deflection linkage 9, driving the cleaning ring 6 to rotate around the axis of the hollow rod 2, thereby improving the cleaning effect.

[0033] Among them, see Figure 8As shown, the deflection linkage 9 includes a spur rack 91, a first spur gear 92, a second bevel gear 94, and an arc-shaped rack 96. The spur rack 91 is vertically fixed to the outside of one of the guide rods 81. The first spur gear 92 is meshed with the spur rack 91. The first spur gear 92 is rotatably mounted on a vertical mounting bar via a mounting rod. The top end of the mounting bar is fixed to the bottom end of the sampling cylinder 5. A first bevel gear 93 is coaxially fixed to the first spur gear 92. The second bevel gear 94 is connected to the bottom end of the sampling cylinder 5 via a rotating rod. The second bevel gear 94 is meshed with the first bevel gear 93. A second spur gear 95 is coaxially fixed to the second bevel gear 94. The arc-shaped rack 96 is fixed to the outside of the cleaning ring 6 and is meshed with the second spur gear 95.

[0034] As described above, during the downward or upward movement of the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 along the axis of the hollow rod 2, no additional driving components are required. The telescopic movement of the monitoring probe alone can drive the cleaning ring 6 to rotate synchronously through the deflection linkage 9, achieving a composite wiping cleaning mode of vertical movement and circumferential rotation. After cleaning is completed, the monitoring probe is retracted into the hollow rod 2 through the telescopic monitoring component 7. Subsequently, the entire recovery device is used to further conduct precise laboratory testing and analysis on the water sample collected in the sampling cylinder 5, effectively avoiding interference with the monitoring signal due to residual impurities on the probe surface, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results.

[0035] The following uses the downward movement of the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 as an example to explain the transmission process and cleaning principle of the deflection linkage 9: When the telescopic monitoring component 7 drives the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 to move downward along the axis of the hollow rod 2, the spur rack 91, which is fixed to the guide rod 81 of the negative pressure linkage 8, moves downward synchronously with the guide rod 81. Since the spur rack 91 is meshed with the first spur gear 92, the downward-moving spur rack 91 will drive the first spur gear 92 to rotate around the axis of the mounting rod, thereby driving the first bevel gear 93, which is coaxially fixed with the first spur gear 92, to rotate synchronously. The first bevel gear 93 meshes with the tooth surface. The second bevel gear 94, which is perpendicular to it, is driven to rotate. At the same time, the second bevel gear 94 drives the second spur gear 95, which is fixed on the same axis, to rotate synchronously. The rotating second spur gear 95 drives the arc rack 96 to drive the cleaning ring 6 to deflect circumferentially around the axis of the hollow rod 2. This achieves the rotational wiping of the outer wall of the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 by the cleaning ring 6 during the downward movement. This rotational wiping and the vertical movement of the monitoring probe itself form a compound wiping action, which can fully cover all areas of the outer wall of the probe, effectively remove stubborn residual impurities that are difficult to remove by single vertical wiping, and improve the thoroughness of wiping and cleaning the outer wall of the monitoring probe.

[0036] This invention also proposes a method for monitoring heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments, employing the aforementioned monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments, and comprising the following steps: S1. Place the device in the water area to be measured, so that the float 1 floats on the water surface. Start the drive motor 31 to drive the lead screw 32 to rotate. Through the lead screw nut seat 33, drive the hollow rod 2 to move vertically downward and adjust the bottom of the hollow rod 2 to the preset monitoring depth. S2. Start the electric telescopic rod 73 to extend, which drives the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 at the bottom of the first connecting rod 72 to move downward along the hollow rod 2 axis. During the process of the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 passing through the cleaning ring 6, the cleaning cotton 61 on the inner side of the cleaning ring 6 wipes and cleans its surface vertically. After the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 is fully inserted into the water, the heavy metal content is monitored in real time. S3. When the monitored value exceeds the preset range, continue to control the electric telescopic rod 73 to extend, so that the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 moves further down. Simultaneously, the second connecting rod 85 pulls the cover 82 down to open the water sampling port 52. At the same time, the guide rod 81 and piston 86 move down in the sampling tube 5, and the air in the sampling tube 5 is discharged along the exhaust pipe 51, so that negative pressure is formed in the sampling tube 5. Under the action of negative pressure, the water body quickly enters the sampling tube 5 through the water sampling port 52 to complete the water sample collection. S4. After sampling is completed, the electric telescopic rod 73 is retracted, which drives the heavy metal monitoring probe 71 to reset upward. Under the elastic force of the spring 84, the cover 82 resets upward, sealing the water inlet 52 to prevent water sample leakage. During the downward or upward movement of the heavy metal monitoring probe 71, the cleaning ring 6 can be rotated through the deflection linkage 9 to achieve rotational wiping and cleaning. Subsequently, the recovery device performs further laboratory testing and analysis on the water sample in the sampling tube 5 to improve the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0037] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis; for parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also understand that the actions and modules involved in the specification are not necessarily essential to the present invention. Furthermore, it is understood that the steps in the method of the embodiments of the present invention can be adjusted, combined, and deleted according to actual needs, and the structure in the device of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined, divided, and deleted according to actual needs.

[0038] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments, comprising a float (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The hollow rod (2) is vertically movable through the float (1) and forms a sliding fit with the float (1); Telescopic monitoring component (7) is installed inside the hollow rod (2), and its monitoring end can extend or retract along the axial direction of the hollow rod (2); The lifting component (3) is installed on the float (1) and is used to drive the hollow rod (2) to rise and fall vertically to adjust the monitoring depth; At least one sampling tube (5) is arranged circumferentially at the lower end of the periphery of the hollow rod (2), and the side wall of the sampling tube (5) is provided with an openable and closable water intake port (52). The cleaning ring (6) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the hollow rod (2), and the cleaning ring (6) is used to simultaneously wipe and clean the surface of the monitoring end when the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring component (7) extends or retracts from the hollow rod (2); The negative pressure linkage (8) is connected between the sampling cylinder (5) and the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring component (7). When the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring component (7) extends out of the hollow rod (2), the negative pressure linkage (8) synchronously drives the air inside the sampling cylinder (5) to be discharged. The deflection linkage (9) is connected between the negative pressure linkage (8) and the cleaning ring (6). When the monitoring end of the telescopic monitoring component (7) extends or retracts the hollow rod (2), the cleaning ring (6) is rotated through the deflection linkage (9).

2. The monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting component (3) includes a drive motor (31) installed on the upper surface of the float (1). The output end of the drive motor (31) is connected to a vertical lead screw (32). A lead screw nut seat (33) is installed on the outside of the lead screw (32). The hollow rod (2) is installed on the outside of the lead screw nut seat (33) through a connecting block.

3. The monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the sampling tube (5) is connected to an exhaust pipe (51), and a one-way valve is installed on the exhaust pipe (51).

4. The monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic monitoring device (7) includes a connected heavy metal monitoring probe (71) and a first connecting rod (72), with an electric telescopic rod (73) installed at the top of the first connecting rod (72).

5. The monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments according to claim 4, characterized in that, The negative pressure linkage component (8) includes: A cover (82) is provided on the periphery of the water intake (52) and can be raised and lowered. A protruding plate (83) is fixed to the top of the sampling tube (5), and a spring (84) is connected between the lower end face of the protruding plate (83) and the top of the cap (82). The second connecting rod (85) is connected between the outer wall of the heavy metal monitoring probe (71) and the bottom end of the cover (82).

6. The monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments according to claim 5, characterized in that, The negative pressure linkage (8) also includes: The piston (86) is sealed and slidably disposed inside the sampling cylinder (5); The guide rod (81) is fixed at one end to the bottom end of the piston (86), and the other end passes through the bottom wall of the sampling cylinder (5) and is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod (85).

7. The monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments according to claim 6, characterized in that, The deflection linkage (9) includes: A rack (91) is vertically fixed to the outside of one of the guide rods (81); The first spur gear (92) is meshed with the rack (91), and a first bevel gear (93) is coaxially fixed on the first spur gear (92). The second bevel gear (94) is meshed with the first bevel gear (93), and a second spur gear (95) is coaxially fixed on the second bevel gear (94). An arc-shaped rack (96) is fixed to the outside of the cleaning ring (6), and the arc-shaped rack (96) is meshed with the second spur gear (95).

8. The monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cleaning ring (6) has multiple cleaning cotton (61) arranged in a ring array inside, and a connecting ring (62) is installed between the top of the cleaning ring (6) and the sampling cylinder (5). The cleaning cotton (61) has an arc groove (63) to avoid the second connecting rod (85).

9. The monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower outer end of the hollow rod (2) is fixed with a conical seat (4), and the sampling cylinder (5) is installed on the conical seat (4).

10. A method for monitoring heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments, employing the monitoring device for heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place the device in the water area to be measured, so that the float (1) floats on the water surface, start the drive motor (31) to drive the screw (32) to rotate, and drive the hollow rod (2) to move vertically downward through the screw nut seat (33), and adjust the bottom of the hollow rod (2) to the preset monitoring depth; S2. Start the electric telescopic rod (73) to extend, which drives the heavy metal monitoring probe (71) at the bottom of the first connecting rod (72) to move down along the hollow rod (2) axis. During the process of the heavy metal monitoring probe (71) passing through the cleaning ring (6), the cleaning cotton (61) on the inside of the cleaning ring (6) wipes and cleans its surface vertically. After the heavy metal monitoring probe (71) is fully inserted into the water, the heavy metal content is monitored in real time. S3. When the monitored value exceeds the preset range, continue to control the electric telescopic rod (73) to extend, so that the heavy metal monitoring probe (71) moves further down. Simultaneously, the second connecting rod (85) pulls the cover (82) down to open the water sampling port (52). At the same time, the guide rod (81) and piston (86) move down in the sampling tube (5) to discharge the air in the sampling tube (5) along the exhaust pipe (51), so that a negative pressure is formed in the sampling tube (5). Under the action of negative pressure, the water quickly enters the sampling tube (5) through the water sampling port (52) to complete the water sample collection. S4. After sampling is completed, control the electric telescopic rod (73) to retract, drive the heavy metal monitoring probe (71) to reset upward, and under the elastic force of the reset spring (84), the cover (82) resets upward, sealing the water inlet (52) to prevent water sample leakage. During the downward movement or upward movement of the heavy metal monitoring probe (71), the cleaning ring (6) can be rotated through the deflection linkage (9) to achieve rotational wiping and cleaning. Then the recovery device further tests and analyzes the water sample in the sampling tube (5) to improve the accuracy of the monitoring results.

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