Fatigue testing machine and test method for predicting high-cycle fatigue life of metal material

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of test equipment, and particularly relates to a fatigue testing machine for high-cycle fatigue life prediction of metal materials and a testing method, which comprises a high-temperature simulation assembly, the high-temperature simulation assembly comprises high-temperature generating bodies and adjustable framework one for installing the high-temperature generating bodies, two high-temperature generating bodies are assembled to heat metal materials; a coaxial calibration assembly, the coaxial calibration assembly comprises calibration shells and adjustable framework two for installing the calibration shells, adjustable framework two is assembled with a screw pipe column and a guide rod, one end of each of two calibration shells is assembled with an adjustable measuring table, two measuring tables are distributed at two ends of the metal materials and are used for detecting coaxiality; a torsion imparting assembly, the torsion imparting assembly is arranged on the surface of a test base machine and cooperates with a clamp located below to impart torsional load to the metal materials. The application can solve the problems of data distortion caused by coaxiality deviation, functional limitation and insufficient scene adaptation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of testing equipment technology, specifically relating to a fatigue testing machine and testing method for predicting the high-cycle fatigue life of metallic materials. Background Technology

[0002] The working principle of a high-frequency fatigue testing machine is mainly based on the principle of mechanical resonance. It generates high-frequency alternating loads through an electromagnetic or motor drive system to achieve efficient testing of the fatigue performance of materials. The high-frequency fatigue testing machine consists of a specimen, a mass block, a spring system, and a vibrator to form a mechanical vibration system. When the frequency of the excitation force generated by the vibrator is consistent with the natural frequency of the system, the system resonates. At this time, a small power input can generate a large-scale alternating load on the specimen. Among them, electromagnetic high-frequency fatigue testing machines are suitable for high-stiffness materials (such as metals).

[0003] Problems with existing technology:

[0004] Coaxiality deviation leads to data distortion: Insufficient coaxiality between the fixtures and the two ends of the material in the fatigue testing machine will introduce additional bending stress into the material, causing the actual force on the specimen to deviate from the theoretical value, which will significantly affect the accuracy of fatigue life test results.

[0005] Functional limitations and insufficient scenario adaptation: First, existing fatigue testing machines have weak multi-axis loading capabilities, and are mostly limited to uniaxial or simple tension and compression tests, making it difficult to simulate complex stress states (such as torsion + bending combined loads); Second, existing fatigue testing machines lack extreme environment simulation. Since environmental factors such as high temperature have a significant impact on fatigue behavior, most equipment lacks an integrated environmental simulation module. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fatigue testing machine and method for predicting the high-cycle fatigue life of metallic materials, which can solve the problems of data distortion caused by coaxiality deviation, functional limitations and insufficient adaptability to scenarios.

[0007] The specific technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0008] A fatigue testing machine for predicting the high-cycle fatigue life of metallic materials includes a test base and an electromagnetic high-frequency generator body. The surface of the test base is provided with a helical column, and a guide rod is provided on the surface of the test base to assist in the lifting and lowering of the electromagnetic high-frequency generator body. A counterweight platform is provided on the lower surface of the electromagnetic high-frequency generator body. Clamps are assembled on both the surface of the test base and the lower surface of the counterweight platform via clamping components. The machine also includes:

[0009] A high-temperature simulation component, comprising a high-temperature generator body and an adjustable frame for mounting the high-temperature generator body, the adjustable frame being assembled with a solenoid column and a guide rod, the two high-temperature generator bodies being assembled for heating metal materials;

[0010] A coaxial calibration assembly, comprising a calibration shell and an adjustable frame two for mounting the calibration shell, the adjustable frame two being assembled with a solenoid column and a guide rod, and a measuring gauge being adjustablely assembled at one end of each of the two calibration shells, the two measuring gauges being distributed at both ends of a metal material and used to detect coaxiality;

[0011] A torsion-imposing assembly is disposed on the surface of the test bench and works in conjunction with a clamp located below to apply torsional loads to the metallic material.

[0012] The high-temperature generator has a ceramic inner liner embedded in its inner wall, and a heating element is installed inside the ceramic inner liner.

[0013] The adjustable structure 2 includes ring frame 3 and ring frame 4. Ring frame 3 and ring frame 4 on the same side are jointly assembled with track 2. Track 2 on both sides are jointly assembled with damping sliding to form a vertical slide. A hexagonal upright is fixedly assembled in the middle of the vertical slide. Fork supports for supporting the corresponding clamping components are fixedly installed at both the top and bottom ends of the hexagonal upright.

[0014] A ring support is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner side of the hexagonal frame. A ring rail is integrally provided on the inner edge of the ring support. A railcar is slidably assembled on the surface of the ring rail. A vertical tube is integrally welded to the inner side of the railcar. Two calibration shells are distributed at the top and bottom ends of the vertical tube and are both assembled with the vertical tube in a telescopic and adjustable manner.

[0015] Inside the calibration housing, a screw is slidably assembled via a slider and slide rail assembly method. One end of the screw is fixedly connected to the corresponding measuring instrument. A screw tube is screwed onto the outer surface of the middle part of the screw, and the screw tube is rotatably installed inside the calibration housing. A power mechanism is provided inside the calibration housing, and the output end of the power mechanism is connected to the screw tube via a gear set transmission assembly.

[0016] The upper surface of the ring track has a circumferential array of limiting holes. The middle part of the surface of the track vehicle is equipped with a top ball through a spring elastic telescopic assembly, and the top ball can be detachably embedded into the corresponding limiting hole. The outer arc surface of the track vehicle is connected to a traction rope, and both ends of the traction rope are connected to handles.

[0017] The clamp has a circular array of teeth arranged on the edge near one end of the corresponding clamping component.

[0018] The torsion-imposing component includes a ring support and a torsion disc. The ring support is fixedly installed on the surface of the test base, and the inner edge of the ring support is rotatably assembled with a ring disc. An extension plate extending to the outside of the ring support is integrally provided on one side of the ring disc. A hydraulic cylinder is provided on the surface of the test base, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the extension plate.

[0019] The torsion disc is located directly above the ring support, and the ring disc and the torsion disc are connected by an array of inclined connecting columns. The torsion disc has an array of slots for the disc teeth to be inserted. The torsion disc has an array of screw rods screwed into it, and the ends of the screw rods are connected to top tooth blocks for abutting the corresponding disc teeth.

[0020] A method for testing the high-cycle fatigue life of metallic materials, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0021] Equipment and sample preparation: Preheat and start up the equipment, prepare the sample according to the standard, and ensure that the size and surface are free of defects. If high temperature / torsion tempering test is required, install the corresponding components in advance.

[0022] Sample clamping and centering calibration: Assemble the clamping components to the upper and lower ends of the testing machine and assemble the corresponding fixtures. The sample is initially fixed in the fixtures and the coaxiality is monitored using the coaxial calibration components.

[0023] Parameter setting and load initialization: Set the specimen parameters, test number, and date in the software; set the dynamic load amplitude and frequency; and configure the protection parameters.

[0024] Test execution and data acquisition: Static load is started first, and dynamic load is started after the readings stabilize. During dynamic monitoring, crack initiation is captured in real time by acoustic emission sensor or infrared thermography. Fatigue test under high temperature / torsion conditions is carried out by replacing the same material. High temperature simulation component and torsion component are subjected to high temperature and torsional load. The above test execution operation is repeated and the data is recorded.

[0025] The technical effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0026] The high-temperature simulation component provided by this invention enables the metal fatigue testing machine to perform fatigue tests in extreme environments, thus overcoming the limitations of traditional equipment in terms of functionality and scenario adaptability.

[0027] The coaxial calibration component provided by this invention enables the metal fatigue testing machine to detect the coaxiality of the material under test or the fixture, avoiding the introduction of additional bending stress due to insufficient coaxiality, which would cause the actual force on the sample to deviate from the theoretical value, thus ensuring the accuracy of fatigue life test results.

[0028] The torsion imparting component provided by this invention enables the metal fatigue testing machine to simulate the fatigue life test of materials under complex stress states, thus overcoming the shortcomings of existing equipment that is limited to uniaxial or simple tension and compression tests. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the fatigue testing machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is an integrated structural diagram of the high-temperature simulation component and the coaxial calibration component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the high-temperature simulation component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the coaxial calibration assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the combination of hexagonal frame and ring brace provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the calibration shell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the torsion-imparting component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a disassembled schematic diagram of the combination of the torsion imparting component, the clamping component, and the fixture provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a top plan view of the torsion disc fixing teeth provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0040] 1. Test base; 101. Main control panel; 102. Screw column; 103. Electromagnetic high-frequency generator body; 104. Screw column; 105. Guide rod; 106. Counterweight platform; 107. Clamping assembly; 2. Counterweight weights; 3. High-temperature simulation assembly; 301. Ring frame one; 302. Ring frame two; 303. Track one; 304. Vertical rail; 305. Slide; 306. Support frame; 307. High-temperature generator body; 308. Ceramic inner liner; 309. Heating element; 4. Coaxial calibration assembly; 401. Ring frame three; 402. Ring frame four; 403. Track two; 404. Vertical slide; 405. Hexagonal vertical... Frame; 406, Ring support; 407, Ring rail; 408, Fork support; 409, Railcar; 410, Riser; 411, Calibration shell; 412, Power mechanism; 413, Screw one; 414, Gear set; 415, Measuring gauge; 416, Limiting hole; 417, Top ball; 418, Spring; 419, Traction rope; 420, Handle; 5, Torsion imparting assembly; 501, Ring support seat; 502, Ring disc; 503, Extension plate; 504, Hydraulic cylinder; 505, Connecting column; 506, Torsion disc; 507, Gear groove; 508, Top tooth block; 509, Screw two; 6, Fixture; 601, Disc tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by the invention.

[0042] like Figures 1-10 As shown, a fatigue testing machine for predicting high-cycle fatigue life of metallic materials includes a test base 1, an electromagnetic high-frequency generator body 103, a high-temperature simulation component 3, a coaxial calibration component 4, and a torsion imparting component 5.

[0043] See attached document Figure 1 The front of the test base 1 is integrally equipped with a main control panel 101 for operating the fatigue test process. The solenoid column 102 on the surface of the test base 1 is screwed to the solenoid column 104 on the lower surface of the electromagnetic high frequency generator body 103, so that the electromagnetic high frequency generator body 103 is lifted and assembled on the top of the test base 1. The surface of the test base 1 is provided with a guide rod 105 to assist the lifting of the electromagnetic high frequency generator body 103. The lower surface of the electromagnetic high frequency generator body 103 is provided with a counterweight platform 106 for carrying the counterweight 2. The surface of the test base 1 and the lower surface of the counterweight platform 106 are both clamped and assembled with clamps 6 by clamping components 107.

[0044] According to the above structure, the material to be tested or other fixtures 6 are directly clamped by the clamping assembly 107. The solenoid column 102 is driven to rotate by the drive mechanism. Through the screw connection between the stud 104 and the solenoid column 102, the electromagnetic high-frequency generator body 103 is controlled to move up and down. The electromagnetic high-frequency generator body 103 generates a high-frequency load, which is applied to the material to be tested below through the connecting rod, counterweight 106, and fixtures 6, thereby achieving efficient testing of the fatigue performance of the material. The above process is all existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] See attached document Figures 2-3 The high temperature simulation component 3 includes a high temperature generator body 307 and an adjustable frame 1 for mounting the high temperature generator body 307. The adjustable frame 1 is assembled with the screw column 102 and the guide rod 105. The adjustable frame 1 includes a ring frame 301 and a ring frame 302. The ring frame 301 and the ring frame 302 are respectively fixedly installed on the bottom surfaces of the corresponding screw column 102 and the guide rod 105. The ring frame 301 and the ring frame 302 on the same side are jointly assembled with a track 303. A vertical rail 304 is slidably assembled on one side of the track 303. A slide 305 is slidably assembled on one side of the vertical rail 304. A support 306 is rotatably assembled on the inner side of the slide 305.

[0047] See attached document Figures 2-3 The high-temperature generator body 307 is rotatably mounted at the end of the corresponding support frame 306; a ceramic inner liner 308 is embedded in the inner wall of the high-temperature generator body 307, and a heating element 309 is provided inside the ceramic inner liner 308. The two high-temperature generator bodies 307 are assembled for heating metal materials.

[0048] According to the above structure, the vertical rail 304 can move horizontally along the track 303, and the support frame 306 can move up and down along the vertical rail 304. After the high temperature generator body 307 approaches the material to be tested, the support frame 306 is rotated so that the two high temperature generator bodies 307 on both sides are spliced ​​and assembled to cover the material to be tested. After the heating element 309 is powered on, the material to be tested can be heated, and then the fatigue performance test in the high temperature environment is completed. The above process gives the metal fatigue testing machine the function of conducting fatigue tests in extreme environments, making up for the functional limitations and insufficient scene adaptability of traditional equipment.

[0049] The working principle of this invention is as follows: the vertical rail 304 can move horizontally along the track 303, and the support frame 306 can move up and down along the vertical rail 304. After the high temperature generator body 307 approaches the material to be tested, the support frame 306 is rotated so that the two sides of the high temperature generator body 307 are spliced ​​and assembled to cover the material to be tested. After the heating element 309 is energized, the material to be tested can be heated, and then the fatigue performance test under high temperature environment is completed.

[0050] Example 2:

[0051] See attached document Figures 4-7 The coaxial calibration assembly 4 includes a calibration shell 411 and an adjustable frame 2 for mounting the calibration shell 411. The adjustable frame 2 is assembled with the solenoid column 102 and the guide rod 105. One end of each of the two calibration shells 411 can be adjusted to assemble a measuring gauge 415. The two measuring gauges 415 are distributed at both ends of the metal material and are used to detect coaxiality.

[0052] See attached document Figures 4-7 The adjustable structure includes ring frame three 401 and ring frame four 402. Ring frame three 401 and ring frame four 402 are respectively fixedly installed on the surface of the bottom of the corresponding screw column 102 and guide rod 105. Ring frame three 401 and ring frame four 402 on the same side are jointly assembled with track two 403. The two track two 403 on both sides are jointly damped and slidably assembled with vertical slide 404. A hexagonal upright 405 is fixedly assembled in the middle of the vertical slide 404. Fork supports 408 for resisting the corresponding clamping components 107 are fixedly installed at both the top and bottom ends of the hexagonal upright 405.

[0053] See attached document Figures 4-7 A ring support 406 is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner side of the hexagonal upright 405. A ring rail 407 is integrally provided on the inner edge of the ring support 406. A railcar 409 is slidably assembled on the surface of the ring rail 407. A riser 410 is integrally welded to the inner side of the railcar 409. Two calibration shells 411 are distributed at the top and bottom ends of the riser 410 and both form a telescopic adjustable assembly with the riser 410.

[0054] See attached document Figures 4-7 Inside the calibration housing 411, a screw 413 is slidably assembled via a slider and slide rail assembly. One end of the screw 413 is fixedly connected to the corresponding measuring instrument 415. A screw tube is screwed onto the outer surface of the middle part of the screw 413, and the screw tube is rotatably installed inside the calibration housing 411. Inside the calibration housing 411, a power mechanism 412 is provided, and the output end of the power mechanism 412 is connected to the screw tube via a gear set 414.

[0055] See attached document Figures 4-7 The upper surface of the ring track 407 is provided with a circumferential array of limit holes 416. The middle part of the surface of the track car 409 is elastically telescopically assembled with a top ball 417 by a spring 418, and the top ball 417 can be detachably embedded into the corresponding limit hole 416. The outer arc surface of the track car 409 is connected to a traction rope 419, and both ends of the traction rope 419 are connected to handles 420.

[0056] According to the above structure, after the material to be tested is fixed, the coaxiality test is performed. The vertical carriage 404 is controlled to move horizontally along the second track 403, so that the fork support 408 abuts against the corresponding clamping component 107, ensuring that the upper and lower clamping components 107 and the center of the ring rail 407 are on the same axis. At the same time, the reference center (0, 0) is determined. Then, the handle 420 at the corresponding end is pulled to move the railcar 409 along the ring rail 407. Each limiting hole 416 on the surface of the ring rail 407 corresponds to the detection point of the measuring instrument 415, and the height position of the upper and lower calibration shells 411 is adjustable.

[0057] Furthermore, when the track vehicle 409, along with the two calibration shells 411, moves to the corresponding detection point, the spring 418 causes the top ball 417 to embed into the corresponding limiting hole 416 for temporary fixation. Simultaneously, the power mechanism 412 inside the two calibration shells 411 starts, rotating the solenoid tube through the meshing transmission of the gear set 414. Then, through the threaded connection between the solenoid tube and the screw rod 413, the screw rod 413, along with the measuring instrument 415, moves linearly until the probes of the two measuring instruments 415 contact the two ends of the cylindrical material to be tested or the outer walls of the upper and lower cylindrical clamps 6. The dial of the rotating measuring instrument 415 is then zeroed. Then, continue to pull the track car 409 to rotate around the material to be tested. Every time it rotates to the next detection point, record the dial data. Calculate the coordinates (x, y) of each measurement point using the polar coordinate to rectangular coordinate conversion formula. Use the least squares method to find the actual center coordinates (x1, y1) of the material or fixture 6. Then calculate the distance between the reference center (0, 0) and the actual center (x1, y1) and multiply it by 2 to get the error value at that interface. Similarly, calculate the error values ​​at the top and bottom ends simultaneously. If the error value is greater than the set threshold, reinstall the material to be tested or reinstall the fixture 6.

[0058] Furthermore, when the material to be tested is a standard cylindrical shape, the upper and lower measuring gauges 415 probes can be controlled to contact the surfaces at both ends of the material for detection; when the material to be tested is irregularly shaped but the fixture 6 used is a standard cylindrical shape, the two measuring gauges 415 probes can contact the surfaces of the upper and lower fixtures 6 to complete the coaxiality detection.

[0059] The above process enables the metal fatigue testing machine to detect the coaxiality of the material or fixture under test, avoiding the introduction of additional bending stress due to insufficient coaxiality, which would cause the actual force on the specimen to deviate from the theoretical value, thus ensuring the accuracy of fatigue life test results.

[0060] The working principle of this invention is as follows: After the material to be tested is fixed, coaxiality testing is performed immediately. The vertical carriage 404 is prioritized to move horizontally along the second track 403, causing the fork support 408 to abut against the corresponding clamping assembly 107. This ensures that the upper and lower clamping assemblies 107 and the center of the ring track 407 are on the same axis. Simultaneously, the reference center (0, 0) is determined. Then, the handle 420 at one end is pulled to move the railcar 409 along the ring track 407. When the railcar 409, along with the two calibration shells 411, moves to the corresponding testing point, the power mechanism 412 inside the two calibration shells 411 is simultaneously activated. Through the meshing transmission of the gear set 414, the screw tube rotates. Then, through the threaded connection between the screw tube and the first screw 413, the first screw 413, along with the measuring instrument 415, moves linearly until… The probes of the two measuring instruments 415 contact the two ends of the cylindrical material to be tested or the outer walls of the two cylindrical clamps 6. The dial of the measuring instrument 415 is rotated to zero, and then the track car 409 is pulled to rotate around the material to be tested. When it rotates to the next detection point, the dial data is recorded. The data is converted from polar coordinates to rectangular coordinates to calculate the coordinates (x, y) of each measurement point. The actual center coordinates (x1, y1) of the material or clamp 6 are calculated using the least squares method. Then the distance between the reference center (0, 0) and the actual center (x1, y1) is calculated and multiplied by 2 to obtain the error value at that interface. Similarly, the error values ​​at the top and bottom ends are calculated simultaneously. If the error value is greater than the set threshold, the installation of the material to be tested or the installation of the clamp 6 is repeated.

[0061] Example 3:

[0062] See attached document Figures 8-10 The torsion-imposing component 5 is disposed on the surface of the test base 1 and works with the clamp 6 located below to apply torsional loads to the metal material.

[0063] See attached document Figures 8-10 The clamp 6 has a ring-shaped array of teeth 601 arranged on one end of the clamping component 107.

[0064] See attached document Figures 8-10 The torsion imparting component 5 includes a ring support 501 and a torsion plate 506. The ring support 501 is fixedly installed on the surface of the test base 1, and the inner edge of the ring support 501 is rotatably assembled with a ring plate 502. An extension plate 503 extending to the outside of the ring support 501 is integrally provided on one side of the ring plate 502. A hydraulic cylinder 504 is provided on the surface of the test base 1, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 504 is connected to the extension plate 503.

[0065] See attached document Figures 8-10The torsion disc 506 is located directly above the ring support 501, and the ring disc 502 and the torsion disc 506 are connected by an array of inclined connecting posts 505. The torsion disc 506 has an array of slots 507 for the disc teeth 601 to be inserted. The torsion disc 506 has an array of screw rods 509 screwed inside, and the ends of the screw rods 509 are connected to top tooth blocks 508 for abutting against the corresponding disc teeth 601.

[0066] According to the above structure, the matching clamp 6 is equipped with a disc tooth 601 at the bottom. When the clamp 6 is installed, the disc tooth 601 naturally falls into the tooth groove 507 inside the torsion plate 506. When it is necessary to simulate the fatigue resistance of the material under torsional load, first control the lower clamping component 107 to loosen the clamping of the bottom clamp 6 to ensure that the clamp 6 can rotate but will not shake. Then control the hydraulic cylinder 504 to drive the ring plate 502 to rotate. The ring plate 502 drives the torsion plate 506 to rotate under the connection of the connecting column 505. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the disc tooth 601 is close to the tooth groove 507. Then rotate the screw 509 at each position to move the top tooth block 508 and abut against the corresponding disc tooth 601, and finally fix each disc tooth 601.

[0067] Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder 504 is driven to operate, so that the bottom of the material to be tested is subjected to a torsional load. Then, the clamping assembly 107 is controlled to clamp the bottom clamp 6, thus completing the work of applying the torsional load.

[0068] The above process enables the metal fatigue testing machine to simulate the fatigue life test of materials under complex stress states, making up for the shortcomings of existing equipment that are limited to uniaxial or simple tension and compression tests.

[0069] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When installing the clamp 6, the disc teeth 601 fall into the tooth groove 507 inside the torsion disc 506. First, control the lower clamping component 107 to loosen its grip on the bottom clamp 6, ensuring that the clamp 6 can rotate but will not wobble. Control the hydraulic cylinder 504 to drive the ring disc 502 to rotate. The ring disc 502 drives the torsion disc 506 to rotate under the connection of the connecting column 505. At this time, ensure that the disc teeth 601 are tightly attached to the tooth groove 507. Then, rotate the screws 509 at each position to move the top tooth block 508 and abut against the corresponding disc teeth 601, finally fixing each disc tooth 601. Continue to drive the hydraulic cylinder 504 to make the bottom of the material to be tested bear a torsional load. Then, control the clamping component 107 to clamp the bottom clamp 6. At this time, the work of applying the torsional load is completed. Then, perform a fatigue life test to obtain the fatigue life test results of the metal material under torsional stress.

[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A fatigue testing machine for predicting the high-cycle fatigue life of metallic materials, comprising a test base (1) and an electromagnetic high-frequency generator body (103), wherein a solenoid column (102) is provided on the surface of the test base (1), and a guide rod (105) for assisting the lifting and lowering of the electromagnetic high-frequency generator body (103) is provided on the surface of the test base (1), a counterweight platform (106) is provided on the lower surface of the electromagnetic high-frequency generator body (103), and a clamp (6) is clamped and assembled on both the surface of the test base (1) and the lower surface of the counterweight platform (106) by a clamping assembly (107), characterized in that, Also includes: The high temperature simulation component (3) includes a high temperature generator body (307) and an adjustable frame for mounting the high temperature generator body (307). The adjustable frame is assembled with a solenoid column (102) and a guide rod (105). The two high temperature generator bodies (307) are assembled to heat metal materials. The coaxial calibration assembly (4) includes a calibration shell (411) and an adjustable frame two for mounting the calibration shell (411). The adjustable frame two is assembled with a solenoid column (102) and a guide rod (105). One end of each of the two calibration shells (411) can be adjusted to assemble a measuring instrument (415). The two measuring instruments (415) are distributed at both ends of the metal material and are used to detect coaxiality. The adjustable structure two includes ring frame three (401) and ring frame four (402). The ring frame three (401) and ring frame four (402) on the same side are jointly assembled with track two (403). The track two (403) on both sides are jointly assembled with damping sliding to form a vertical slide (404). A hexagonal upright (405) is fixedly assembled in the middle of the vertical slide (404). The top and bottom ends of the hexagonal upright (405) are fixedly installed with fork supports (408) for resisting the corresponding clamping components (107). A ring support (406) is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner side of the hexagonal support (405). A ring rail (407) is integrally provided on the inner edge of the ring support (406). A railcar (409) is slidably assembled on the surface of the ring rail (407). A riser (410) is integrally welded to the inner side of the railcar (409). Two calibration shells (411) are distributed at the top and bottom ends of the riser (410) and both form a telescopic adjustable assembly with the riser (410). The calibration housing (411) is equipped with a screw (413) inside by means of a slider and slide rail assembly. One end of the screw (413) is fixedly connected to the corresponding measuring instrument (415). A screw tube is screwed onto the outer surface of the middle part of the screw (413), and the screw tube is rotatably installed inside the calibration housing (411). The calibration housing (411) is equipped with a power mechanism (412), and the output end of the power mechanism (412) is connected to the screw tube by a gear set (414). Torsion-imposing component (5) is disposed on the surface of the test base (1) and cooperates with the clamp (6) located below to apply torsional load to the metal material.

2. The fatigue testing machine for predicting high-cycle fatigue life of metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature generator body (307) has a ceramic inner liner (308) embedded in its inner wall, and a heating element (309) is provided inside the ceramic inner liner (308).

3. The fatigue testing machine for predicting high-cycle fatigue life of metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the ring rail (407) is provided with a circumferential array of limiting holes (416). The middle part of the surface of the railcar (409) is elastically assembled with a top ball (417) by a spring (418), and the top ball (417) can be detachably embedded in the corresponding limiting hole (416). The outer arc surface of the railcar (409) is connected to a traction rope (419), and both ends of the traction rope (419) are connected to handles (420).

4. The fatigue testing machine for predicting high-cycle fatigue life of metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp (6) has a ring-shaped array of teeth (601) on one end near the corresponding clamping component (107).

5. The fatigue testing machine for predicting high-cycle fatigue life of metallic materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The torsion-imposing component (5) includes a ring support (501) and a torsion plate (506). The ring support (501) is fixedly installed on the surface of the test base (1), and the inner edge of the ring support (501) is rotatably assembled with a ring plate (502). An extension plate (503) extending to the outside of the ring support (501) is integrally provided on one side of the ring plate (502). A hydraulic cylinder (504) is provided on the surface of the test base (1), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (504) is connected to the extension plate (503).

6. The fatigue testing machine for predicting high-cycle fatigue life of metallic materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The torsion disc (506) is located directly above the ring support (501), and the ring disc (502) and the torsion disc (506) are connected by an array of inclined connecting columns (505). The torsion disc (506) has an array of slots (507) for the teeth (601) to be inserted. The torsion disc (506) has an array of screw rods (509) screwed inside, and the ends of the screw rods (509) are connected to top tooth blocks (508) for abutting against the corresponding teeth (601).

7. A method for testing the high-cycle fatigue life of metallic materials, using the fatigue testing machine according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: Equipment and sample preparation: Preheat and start up the equipment, prepare the sample according to the standard, and ensure that the size and surface are free of defects. When performing high temperature / torsion test, install the corresponding components in advance. Sample clamping and centering calibration: Assemble the clamping assembly (107) to the upper and lower ends of the testing machine and assemble the corresponding fixture (6). The sample is initially fixed in the fixture (6), and the coaxiality is monitored using the coaxial calibration assembly (4). Parameter setting and load initialization: Set the specimen parameters, test number, and date in the software; set the dynamic load amplitude and frequency; and configure the protection parameters. Test execution and data acquisition: First, start the static load, and after the reading stabilizes, start the dynamic load. During dynamic monitoring, the crack initiation is captured in real time by acoustic emission sensor or infrared thermography. Replace with the same material to perform fatigue test under high temperature / torsion conditions. Apply high temperature and torsional loads through high temperature simulation component (3) and torsion imposition component (5), repeat the above test execution operation, and record the data.

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