Hydrogen charging and discharging equivalent loading test system and test method for hydrogen storage cylinder

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen charging and discharging equivalent loading test system and test method for a hydrogen storage cylinder, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage and transportation safety, and the test system comprises an equivalent loading device which is used for fixing the hydrogen storage cylinder and providing axial constraint for the two ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder; the hydrogen charging and discharging circulation system comprises a hydrogen input system, a hydrogen circulation system and a hydrogen recovery system, the hydrogen input system is connected with the hydrogen storage cylinder through a gas inlet pipeline, the hydrogen recovery system is connected with the hydrogen storage cylinder through a gas outlet pipeline, the gas inlet end of the hydrogen circulation system is connected with the gas outlet pipeline, and the gas outlet end of the hydrogen circulation system is connected with the gas inlet pipeline; the detection assembly is used for detecting whether the hydrogen storage cylinder has the phenomena of liner interface debonding and liner collapse or not; and the data acquisition system is in signal connection with the detection assembly. The hydrogen charging and discharging equivalent loading test method for the hydrogen storage cylinder is implemented by adopting the test system. The hydrogen charging and discharging cycle test can be realized so as to evaluate the interface debonding and collapse behaviors of the liner of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy storage and transportation safety technology, and in particular to a hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system and test method. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen, as a clean energy carrier, has advantages such as wide availability, high calorific value, and high energy utilization efficiency. Converting hydrogen into electricity as a driving force for automobiles is a key application direction for hydrogen energy. Among various hydrogen storage methods, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technology has the highest maturity and has become the preferred technology for on-board hydrogen storage.

[0003] Compared to aluminum-lined fully wound hydrogen storage cylinders (Type III), plastic-lined fully wound hydrogen storage cylinders (Type IV) offer superior fatigue resistance and higher hydrogen storage density, leading to their widespread adoption. However, under long-term service conditions, the poor interfacial compatibility between the plastic liner and the composite material can easily cause liner-composite interface debonding, liner bulging and collapse, resulting in leakage or even explosion of Type IV hydrogen storage cylinders, posing safety hazards. Existing Type IV cylinder testing equipment primarily tests the permeability of the liner to select a suitable material for the liner, but it cannot assess the liner debonding and collapse behavior of Type IV hydrogen storage cylinders.

[0004] Therefore, a hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system and test method are provided to ensure that the interface debonding and inner liner collapse behavior of Type IV hydrogen storage cylinders are evaluated during the design phase, so as to reduce safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system and test method to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to realize the filling and discharging hydrogen cycle test to evaluate the debonding of the interface between the inner liner and the composite material layer of the Type IV hydrogen storage cylinder and the collapse behavior of the inner liner.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging hydrogen equivalent loading test system, comprising: An equivalent loading device is used to fix the hydrogen storage cylinder and provide axial constraints on both ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder. A hydrogen charging and discharging cycle system includes a hydrogen input system, a hydrogen circulation system, and a hydrogen recovery system. The hydrogen input system is connected to the hydrogen storage cylinder via an inlet pipe to input hydrogen into the cylinder. The hydrogen recovery system is connected to the hydrogen storage cylinder via an outlet pipe to recover hydrogen from the cylinder. The inlet end of the hydrogen circulation system is connected to the outlet pipe, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet pipe to achieve hydrogen circulation. The detection component is used to detect whether the hydrogen storage cylinder experiences detachment of the inner liner interface or collapse of the inner liner. A data acquisition system is connected to the detection component via a signal to achieve synchronous data recording.

[0007] Preferably, the equivalent loading device includes a protective frame, a metal skirt, a bracket, a clamp base, and a clamp assembly. The clamp base is located inside the protective frame, and a support frame is provided on the clamp base for supporting the hydrogen storage cylinder. The clamp assembly is also provided at both ends of the clamp base, and the clamp assembly can clamp the hydrogen storage cylinder to provide lateral constraint. The bracket is located inside the protective frame, wherein there are two brackets, and the two brackets are respectively provided at both ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and each bracket is provided with a metal skirt, and the metal skirts at both ends are used to provide axial constraint on both ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, each of the clamping components includes a ribbed guide rail, a bidirectional screw, and a V-shaped clamp. The ribbed guide rail is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the axial direction of the hydrogen storage cylinder. The bidirectional screw is parallel to the ribbed guide rail, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the two ends of the ribbed guide rail, respectively. Two V-shaped clamps are provided, and the two V-shaped clamps are arranged opposite to each other to provide lateral restraint on both sides of the hydrogen storage cylinder. The two V-shaped clamps are threaded onto the two ends of the bidirectional screw, and rotating the bidirectional screw can drive the two V-shaped clamps to move closer to or further away from each other. The bidirectional screw is provided with a sprocket at one end, and the sprockets on the bidirectional screws of the clamp assemblies at both ends are connected by a chain, and one of the sprockets is connected to a handwheel.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes a combination valve, wherein a flange cap is embedded on the metal skirt at one end of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and the combination valve is installed on the flange cap; wherein, the combination valve includes a shut-off valve, a first pressure gauge and a TPRD valve, the shut-off valve is used to stop gas from entering the hydrogen storage cylinder, the first pressure gauge is used to monitor the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and the TPRD valve is used to automatically release the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the hydrogen input system includes a hydrogen cylinder for providing a hydrogen source and is connected to the inlet pipeline via a hydrogen input pipeline. The hydrogen input pipeline is equipped with a second pressure gauge, a first one-way valve, a gas pressurization device, and a first filter. The first pressure gauge is used to monitor the hydrogen pressure and is connected to the data acquisition system for signal transmission. The first one-way valve is used to control the unidirectional flow of hydrogen. The gas pressurization device is used to pressurize the hydrogen, and the first filter is used to filter the hydrogen. The hydrogen circulation system includes a hydrogen circulation pipeline, with the inlet end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline connected to the outlet end and the outlet end connected to the inlet end. The hydrogen circulation pipeline is also equipped with a first pressure reducing valve, a second filter, a hydrogen circulation pump, and a second check valve. The first pressure reducing valve is used to stop hydrogen circulation in abnormal situations, the second filter is used to filter hydrogen, the hydrogen circulation pump is used for hydrogen circulation, and the second check valve is used to control the unidirectional flow of circulating hydrogen. The hydrogen recovery system includes a hydrogen recovery pipeline and a hydrogen recovery device. The hydrogen recovery device is connected to the outlet pipeline through the hydrogen recovery pipeline. The hydrogen recovery device is used to recover hydrogen from the hydrogen storage cylinder. The hydrogen recovery pipeline is also equipped with a second pressure reducing valve, a third one-way valve, and a third filter. The second pressure reducing valve is used to shut off hydrogen recovery, the third one-way valve is used to control the unidirectional flow of hydrogen, and the third filter is used to filter hydrogen.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a nitrogen input system, which includes a nitrogen cylinder and a nitrogen input pipeline. The nitrogen cylinder is used to provide a nitrogen source, and the nitrogen cylinder is connected to the inlet pipeline through the nitrogen input pipeline. The nitrogen input pipeline is also equipped with a fourth one-way valve, a third pressure gauge, and an outlet valve. The fourth one-way valve is used to control the unidirectional flow of nitrogen, the third pressure gauge is used to monitor the nitrogen pressure, and the outlet valve is used to control whether nitrogen is transmitted. The nitrogen input pipeline is also equipped with a heating device for heating the nitrogen.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a nitrogen recovery system, which includes a waste gas recovery device and a nitrogen recovery pipeline. The waste gas recovery device is connected to the outlet pipeline through the nitrogen recovery pipeline and is used to recover nitrogen. The nitrogen recovery pipeline is also equipped with a third pressure reducing valve and a vacuum pump. The vacuum pump is used to extract nitrogen from the inside of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and the third pressure reducing valve is used to stop extracting nitrogen.

[0013] Preferably, the detection component includes a camera used to monitor structural deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for testing the equivalent loading of hydrogen storage cylinders during filling and discharging, which is implemented using the hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system described above, and includes the following steps: S1. Install the hydrogen storage cylinder onto the equivalent loading device; S2. Open the hydrogen input system to input hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cylinder; start the hydrogen circulation system to perform a hydrogen circulation test, and monitor the structural deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder through the detection component. S3. When the inner liner of the hydrogen storage cylinder de-adhesion and inner liner collapse occur, the hydrogen recovery system is turned on to recover the hydrogen inside the hydrogen storage cylinder, and the test ends.

[0015] Preferably, after step S1 and before step S2, the following step is further included: S11. Open the nitrogen input system and fill the hydrogen storage cylinder with preheated nitrogen; S12. When the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage cylinder is the same as the nitrogen temperature, turn on the nitrogen recovery system to complete the recovery of nitrogen inside the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: In this invention, an equivalent loading device can fix the hydrogen storage cylinder and provide axial constraints to both ends of the cylinder. A hydrogen filling and discharging cycle system can be used to perform hydrogen filling and discharging tests on the cylinder. A detection component can detect whether the liner interface of the hydrogen storage cylinder has debonded or collapsed. Thus, without applying additional mechanical damage or destructive processing to the cylinder, hydrogen filling and discharging cycle tests can be performed to evaluate the debonding behavior of the liner-composite material layer interface and the collapse behavior of the Type IV hydrogen storage cylinder. Moreover, by constraining the cylinder axially, the cylinder forms more controllable axial boundary conditions under cyclic pressure, which is beneficial to accelerating the observability of the liner-composite material layer interface debonding. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen filling and discharging equivalent loading test system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent loading device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3This is a partial schematic diagram of the equivalent loading device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal skirt in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flange cap structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the V-shaped clamp in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ribbed guide rail structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of load application in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a test flowchart in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1-Equivalent loading device; 101-Protective frame; 102-Flange cap; 103-Metal skirt; 104-V-type clamp; 105-Hydrogen storage cylinder; 106-Bracket; 107-Chain; 108-Handwheel; 109-Rib guide rail; 110-Support frame; 111-Clamp base; 2-Combination valve; 201-Stop valve; 202-First pressure gauge; 203-TPRD valve; 3-Nitrogen recovery system; 301-Third pressure reducing valve; 302-Vacuum pump; 303-Waste gas recovery device; 4-Nitrogen input system; 401-Fourth check valve; 402-Electric heating jacket; 403-Third pressure gauge; 404-Outlet valve; 405-Nitrogen cylinder; 5-Inlet valve 6-Hydrogen input system; 601-Second pressure gauge; 602-First check valve; 603-Gas pressurization device; 604-First filter; 605-Hydrogen cylinder; 7-Pneumatic valve control system; 8-Hydrogen circulation system; 801-First pressure reducing valve; 802-Second filter; 803-Second check valve; 804-Hydrogen circulation pump; 901-Second pressure reducing valve; 902-Third check valve; 903-Third filter; 904-Hydrogen recovery device; 10-Data acquisition system; 1001-Camera channel; 1002-First pressure gauge channel; 1003-Third pressure gauge channel; 1004-Second pressure gauge channel; 11-Camera; 12-Computer. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system and test method to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to realize the hydrogen filling and discharging cycle test to evaluate the debonding of the interface between the inner liner and the composite material layer of the Type IV hydrogen storage cylinder and the collapse behavior of the inner liner.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1 like Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging hydrogen equivalent loading test system, which mainly includes: Equivalent loading device 1, the equivalent loading device 1 is used to fix the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 and provide axial constraints on both ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105, wherein the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 can be a type IV hydrogen storage cylinder. A hydrogen charging and discharging circulation system includes a hydrogen input system 6, a hydrogen circulation system 8, and a hydrogen recovery system. The hydrogen input system 6 is connected to the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 via an inlet pipe and is used to input hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cylinder 105. The hydrogen recovery system is connected to the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 via an outlet pipe and is used to recover the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 105. The inlet end of the hydrogen circulation system 8 is connected to the outlet pipe, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet pipe to realize hydrogen circulation. The detection component is used to detect whether the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 experiences detachment of the inner liner interface or collapse of the inner liner. The data acquisition system 10 is connected to the detection component via a signal and is used to achieve synchronous data recording.

[0024] In this embodiment, the equivalent loading device 1 can fix the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 and provide axial constraints on both ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105. The hydrogen storage cylinder 105 can be charged and discharged through the hydrogen charging and discharging cycle system. The detection component can detect whether the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 has experienced liner interface debonding and liner collapse. Thus, the hydrogen charging and discharging cycle test can be carried out to evaluate the liner-composite material layer interface debonding and liner collapse behavior of the Type IV hydrogen storage cylinder without applying additional mechanical damage or destructive processing to the cylinder. Moreover, by constraining the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 axially, the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 forms more controllable axial boundary conditions under the action of cyclic pressure, which is beneficial to accelerate the observability of liner-composite material layer interface debonding.

[0025] In this embodiment, the equivalent loading device 1 mainly includes a protective frame 101, a metal skirt 103, a bracket 106, a clamp base 111, and a clamp assembly. The protective frame 101 is placed on the ground, and the clamp base 111 is placed on the ground and located inside the protective frame 101. A support frame 110 is provided on the clamp base 111 to support the hydrogen storage cylinder 105. The support frame 110 can be an I-shaped support frame 110, and multiple support frames are spaced apart along the length of the clamp base 111, which can support the hydrogen storage cylinder 105. Multiple support points enhance stability; both ends of the clamp base 111 are also equipped with clamp assemblies, which can clamp the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 from both sides to provide lateral constraint; the bracket 106 is placed on the ground and located inside the protective frame 101, wherein there are two brackets 106, which are respectively located at both ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105, and each bracket 106 is provided with a metal skirt 103, which are used to provide axial constraint on both ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105.

[0026] In this embodiment, the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 is constrained axially and fixed to the bracket 106 by the metal skirt 103, so that the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 forms a more controllable axial boundary condition under the action of cyclic pressure, which is beneficial to accelerate the observability of the debonding of the liner-composite material layer interface.

[0027] In this embodiment, each of the clamping components includes a rib guide rail 109, a bidirectional screw, and a V-shaped clamp 104. The rib guide rail 109 is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the axial direction of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 (i.e., extending radially along the hydrogen storage cylinder 105). The bidirectional screw is parallel to the rib guide rail 109, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the two ends of the rib guide rail 109, respectively. Two V-shaped clamps 104 are provided, and the two V-shaped clamps 104 are arranged opposite to each other, respectively used to laterally constrain the two sides of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105. The two V-shaped clamps 104 are threadedly installed at the two ends of the bidirectional screw. By rotating the bidirectional screw, the two V-shaped clamps 104 can be moved closer or further apart to accommodate the clamping of hydrogen storage cylinders 105 of multiple sizes.

[0028] One end of the bidirectional screw is also provided with a sprocket. The sprockets on the bidirectional screws of the clamping assemblies at both ends are connected by a chain 107. One of the sprockets is connected to a handwheel 108. The handwheel 108 can drive the sprocket connected to it to rotate, and then drive the other sprocket to rotate synchronously through the chain 107. This drives the two sets of V-shaped clamps 104 to move synchronously, realizing the rapid clamping and boundary consistency control of hydrogen storage cylinders 105 of different specifications and sizes.

[0029] In this embodiment, a combination valve 2 is also included. A flange cap 102 is embedded on the metal skirt 103 at one end of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105, and the combination valve 2 is installed on the flange cap 102. The combination valve 2 includes a shut-off valve 201, a first pressure gauge 202, and a TPRD (Thermal Pressure Relief Device) valve. The shut-off valve 201 is used to stop gas from entering the hydrogen storage cylinder 105. The first pressure gauge 202 is used to monitor the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 and is connected to the data acquisition system 10. The TPRD valve 203 is used to automatically release the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105.

[0030] In this embodiment, the hydrogen input system 6 mainly includes a hydrogen cylinder 605, which provides a hydrogen source and is connected to an inlet pipe via a hydrogen input pipeline. The hydrogen input pipeline is equipped with a second pressure gauge 601, a first one-way valve 602, a gas booster device 603, and a first filter 604. The second pressure gauge 601 monitors the hydrogen pressure and is connected to the data acquisition system 10. The first one-way valve 602 controls the unidirectional flow of hydrogen. The gas booster device 603 boosts the hydrogen pressure, and the first filter 604 filters the hydrogen. The gas booster device 603 can be selected according to specific operational needs; for example, it can be a hydrogen booster pump or a compressor.

[0031] In this embodiment, the hydrogen circulation system 8 mainly includes a hydrogen circulation pipeline. The inlet end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to the outlet pipeline, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet pipeline. The hydrogen circulation pipeline is also equipped with a first pressure reducing valve 801, a second filter 802, a hydrogen circulation pump 804, and a second one-way valve 803. The first pressure reducing valve 801 is used to stop hydrogen circulation in abnormal conditions. The second filter 802 is used to filter the hydrogen in the hydrogen circulation system 8. The hydrogen circulation pump 804 is used for hydrogen circulation. The second one-way valve 803 is used to control the unidirectional flow of circulating hydrogen.

[0032] In this embodiment, the hydrogen recovery system includes a hydrogen recovery pipeline and a hydrogen recovery device 904. The hydrogen recovery device 904 is connected to the outlet pipeline through the hydrogen recovery pipeline. The hydrogen recovery device 904 is used to recover hydrogen from the hydrogen storage cylinder 105. The hydrogen recovery device 904 can be selected according to specific working needs, for example, a gas storage tank can be used. The hydrogen recovery pipeline is also equipped with a second pressure reducing valve 901, a third one-way valve 902, and a third filter 903. The second pressure reducing valve 901 is used to shut off hydrogen recovery, the third one-way valve 902 is used to control the unidirectional flow of hydrogen, and the third filter 903 is used to filter hydrogen.

[0033] In this embodiment, a nitrogen input system 4 is also included. The nitrogen input system 4 includes a nitrogen cylinder 405 and a nitrogen input pipeline. The nitrogen cylinder 405 provides a nitrogen source and is connected to the inlet pipeline via the nitrogen input pipeline, with an inlet valve 5 at the connection point. The nitrogen input pipeline is also equipped with a fourth one-way valve 401, a third pressure gauge 403, and an outlet valve 404. The fourth one-way valve 401 controls the unidirectional flow of nitrogen, the third pressure gauge 403 monitors the nitrogen pressure and is connected to the data acquisition system 10, and the outlet valve 404 controls whether nitrogen is transmitted. In this embodiment, the nitrogen input system 4 allows nitrogen to be introduced into the test system pipeline and the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 to expel air, creating an inert gas environment to prepare for subsequent hydrogen filling and improve safety.

[0034] Furthermore, a heating device is also provided on the nitrogen input pipeline for heating the nitrogen. During actual hydrogen charging and discharging, due to the Joule-Thomson effect, repeated charging and discharging of hydrogen will cause a temperature gradient in the hydrogen storage cylinder 105. In this embodiment, the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 is charged after being heated with nitrogen, so that the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 itself has a certain temperature. When hydrogen is charged and discharged again, the temperature gradient in the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 can be accelerated, promoting the debonding phenomenon of the inner liner interface. The heating device can be selected according to specific working needs. As a preferred embodiment, the heating device can be an electric heating jacket 402.

[0035] In this embodiment, a nitrogen recovery system 3 is also included. The nitrogen recovery system 3 includes a waste gas recovery device 303 and a nitrogen recovery pipeline. The waste gas recovery device 303 is connected to the outlet pipeline through the nitrogen recovery pipeline and is used to recover nitrogen. The nitrogen recovery pipeline is also equipped with a third pressure reducing valve 301 and a vacuum pump 302. The vacuum pump 302 is used to extract nitrogen from the hydrogen storage cylinder 105, and the third pressure reducing valve 301 is used to stop extracting nitrogen.

[0036] In this embodiment, the detection component may include a camera 11, which is used to monitor the structural deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105.

[0037] In this embodiment, the data acquisition system 10 may include a camera channel 1001, a first pressure gauge channel 1002, a second pressure gauge channel 1004, and a third pressure gauge channel 1003. The camera channel 1001, the first pressure gauge channel 1002, the second pressure gauge channel 1004, and the third pressure gauge channel 1003 are respectively connected to the camera 11, the first pressure gauge 202, the second pressure gauge 601, and the third pressure gauge 403. The data acquisition system 10 realizes synchronous recording of the deformation and pressure parameters of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 through the camera 11 and the pressure gauge channels.

[0038] Furthermore, the data acquisition system 10 is also connected to a computer 12 for online display of information from the data acquisition system 10.

[0039] In this embodiment, a pneumatic valve control system 7 is also included. The pneumatic valve control system 7 is connected to the first pressure reducing valve 801, the shut-off valve 201, the outlet valve 404, and the inlet valve 5, etc., to control the gas input.

[0040] This embodiment also provides a hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging hydrogen equivalent loading test method, which is implemented using the hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging hydrogen equivalent loading test system described above, and mainly includes the following steps: S1. Install the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 onto the equivalent loading device 1; specifically, this includes the following steps: S01. Clamping the gas cylinder: The hydrogen storage cylinder 105 is installed on the support frame 110 and clamped by the clamping assembly to prevent the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 from moving laterally. S02, Metal skirt compression cylinder: The metal skirt 103 is fitted onto the end caps at both ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105, and an axial force is applied to compress the hydrogen storage cylinder 105. S2. Open the hydrogen input system 6 to input hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cylinder 105; turn on the hydrogen circulation system 8 to perform a hydrogen circulation test, and at the same time monitor the structural deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 through the detection component. S3. When phenomena such as detachment of the inner liner interface and collapse of the inner liner occur in the hydrogen storage cylinder 105, the hydrogen recovery system is opened to recover the hydrogen inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 105, and the test ends.

[0041] Furthermore, after step S1 and before step S2, the following step is also included: S11. Open the nitrogen input system 4 and fill the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 with preheated nitrogen; S12. When the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage cylinder 105 is consistent with the nitrogen temperature, the nitrogen recovery system 3 is turned on to complete the recovery of nitrogen inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 105.

[0042] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system, characterized in that: include: An equivalent loading device is used to fix the hydrogen storage cylinder and provide axial constraints on both ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder. A hydrogen charging and discharging cycle system includes a hydrogen input system, a hydrogen circulation system, and a hydrogen recovery system. The hydrogen input system is connected to the hydrogen storage cylinder via an inlet pipe to input hydrogen into the cylinder. The hydrogen recovery system is connected to the hydrogen storage cylinder via an outlet pipe to recover hydrogen from the cylinder. The inlet end of the hydrogen circulation system is connected to the outlet pipe, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet pipe to achieve hydrogen circulation. The detection component is used to detect whether the hydrogen storage cylinder experiences detachment of the inner liner interface or collapse of the inner liner. A data acquisition system is connected to the detection component via a signal to achieve synchronous data recording.

2. The hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equivalent loading device includes a protective frame, a metal skirt, a bracket, a clamp base, and a clamp assembly. The clamp base is located inside the protective frame, and a support frame is provided on the clamp base for supporting the hydrogen storage cylinder. The clamp assembly is also provided at both ends of the clamp base, and the clamp assembly can clamp the hydrogen storage cylinder to provide lateral constraint. The bracket is located inside the protective frame, and there are two brackets, which are respectively provided at both ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder. Each bracket is provided with a metal skirt, and the metal skirts at both ends are used to provide axial constraint on both ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

3. The hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the clamping components includes a ribbed guide rail, a bidirectional screw, and a V-shaped clamp. The ribbed guide rail is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the axial direction of the hydrogen storage cylinder. The bidirectional screw is parallel to the ribbed guide rail, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the two ends of the ribbed guide rail, respectively. Two V-shaped clamps are provided, and the two V-shaped clamps are arranged opposite to each other to provide lateral restraint to both sides of the hydrogen storage cylinder. The two V-shaped clamps are threaded onto the two ends of the bidirectional screw, and by rotating the bidirectional screw, the two V-shaped clamps can be moved closer to or further apart from each other. The bidirectional screw is provided with a sprocket at one end, and the sprockets on the bidirectional screws of the clamp assemblies at both ends are connected by a chain, and one of the sprockets is connected to a handwheel.

4. The hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a combination valve, wherein a flange cap is embedded on the metal skirt at one end of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and the combination valve is installed on the flange cap; wherein, the combination valve includes a shut-off valve, a first pressure gauge and a TPRD valve, the shut-off valve is used to stop gas from entering the hydrogen storage cylinder, the first pressure gauge is used to monitor the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder and is connected to the data acquisition system for signal transmission, and the TPRD valve is used to automatically release the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

5. The hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen input system includes a hydrogen cylinder for providing a hydrogen source and is connected to the inlet pipeline via a hydrogen input pipeline. The hydrogen input pipeline is equipped with a second pressure gauge, a first one-way valve, a gas pressurization device, and a first filter. The second pressure gauge is used to monitor the hydrogen pressure and is connected to the data acquisition system. The first one-way valve is used to control the unidirectional flow of hydrogen. The gas pressurization device is used to pressurize the hydrogen, and the first filter is used to filter the hydrogen. The hydrogen circulation system includes a hydrogen circulation pipeline, with the inlet end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline connected to the outlet end and the outlet end connected to the inlet end. The hydrogen circulation pipeline is also equipped with a first pressure reducing valve, a second filter, a hydrogen circulation pump, and a second check valve. The first pressure reducing valve is used to stop hydrogen circulation in abnormal situations, the second filter is used to filter hydrogen, the hydrogen circulation pump is used for hydrogen circulation, and the second check valve is used to control the unidirectional flow of circulating hydrogen. The hydrogen recovery system includes a hydrogen recovery pipeline and a hydrogen recovery device. The hydrogen recovery device is connected to the outlet pipeline through the hydrogen recovery pipeline. The hydrogen recovery device is used to recover hydrogen from the hydrogen storage cylinder. The hydrogen recovery pipeline is also equipped with a second pressure reducing valve, a third one-way valve, and a third filter. The second pressure reducing valve is used to shut off hydrogen recovery, the third one-way valve is used to control the unidirectional flow of hydrogen, and the third filter is used to filter hydrogen.

6. The hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a nitrogen input system, which comprises a nitrogen cylinder and a nitrogen input pipeline. The nitrogen cylinder is used to provide a nitrogen source, and the nitrogen cylinder is connected to the inlet pipeline through the nitrogen input pipeline. The nitrogen input pipeline is also equipped with a fourth one-way valve, a third pressure gauge, and an outlet valve. The fourth one-way valve is used to control the unidirectional flow of nitrogen, the third pressure gauge is used to monitor the nitrogen pressure and is connected to the data acquisition system for signal transmission, and the outlet valve is used to control whether nitrogen is transmitted. The nitrogen input pipeline is also equipped with a heating device for heating the nitrogen.

7. The hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a nitrogen recovery system, which includes a waste gas recovery device and a nitrogen recovery pipeline. The waste gas recovery device is connected to the outlet pipeline through the nitrogen recovery pipeline and is used to recover nitrogen. The nitrogen recovery pipeline is also equipped with a third pressure reducing valve and a vacuum pump. The vacuum pump is used to extract nitrogen from the inside of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and the third pressure reducing valve is used to stop extracting nitrogen.

8. The hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection component includes a camera used to monitor structural deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

9. A method for testing the equivalent loading of hydrogen storage cylinders during filling and discharging, characterized in that: The test is conducted using the hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test system as described in any one of claims 1-8, and includes the following steps: S1. Install the hydrogen storage cylinder onto the equivalent loading device; S2. Open the hydrogen input system to input hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cylinder; start the hydrogen circulation system to perform a hydrogen circulation test, and monitor the structural deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder through the detection component. S3. When the inner liner of the hydrogen storage cylinder de-adhesion and inner liner collapse occur, the hydrogen recovery system is turned on to recover the hydrogen inside the hydrogen storage cylinder, and the test ends.

10. The hydrogen storage cylinder filling and discharging equivalent loading test method according to claim 9, characterized in that: After step S1 and before step S2, the following steps are also included: S11. Open the nitrogen input system and fill the hydrogen storage cylinder with preheated nitrogen; S12. When the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage cylinder is the same as the nitrogen temperature, turn on the nitrogen recovery system to complete the recovery of nitrogen inside the hydrogen storage cylinder.

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