Three-phase phase identification method and system for electric energy meter based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric energy meter three-phase identification method and system based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization, and relates to the technical field of electric energy meters. The method comprises the steps that the measurement switch module establishes Bluetooth connection with at least one electric energy meter module; the measurement switch module sends a phase identification instruction to the electric energy meter module, and the electric energy meter module starts zero-crossing detection according to the phase identification instruction and sends a zero-crossing data frame to the measurement switch module through Bluetooth; and the measurement switch module performs time matching comparison on the received zero-crossing data frame and an internal three-phase zero-crossing status word to determine the three-phase phase type of the electric energy meter module. The technical problems that an intrusive method interferes with a power grid and a non-intrusive method is low in accuracy and low in efficiency in the traditional phase identification technology are solved, and rapid, accurate and reliable three-phase phase identification of the electric energy meter is realized by utilizing Bluetooth communication and three-phase zero-crossing time difference on the premise of not injecting signals into a power line. The phase identification accuracy and identification efficiency are improved, and the influence on the operation of the power grid is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electricity meter technology, specifically to a method and system for three-phase phase identification of electricity meters based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the rapid development of new power systems and smart distribution networks, refined management of low-voltage distribution substations has become an important means of reducing power grid losses and increasing efficiency. Substation line loss analysis, phase-by-phase line loss calculation, and accurate identification of distribution network topology all heavily rely on the three-phase phase information connected to the user-side electricity meters. However, in existing low-voltage distribution systems, a large number of existing and newly added electricity meters only record their installation location or meter box information at the archival level, lacking accurate identification of the A, B, or C phase connections at the user end. This results in unclear substation topology and inaccurate phase-by-phase statistics, severely hindering the improvement of refined line loss management.

[0003] For the problem of phase identification in electricity meters, existing technologies mainly fall into two categories: invasive and non-invasive. Invasive phase identification methods typically determine phase relationships by injecting specific test signals into the power line. Although the identification accuracy is high, it can interfere with the operation of the power grid, increase system complexity and hardware costs, and is not suitable for large-scale online applications. Non-invasive phase identification methods mostly rely on voltage and current characteristic analysis or long-term data statistical modeling, which is susceptible to load fluctuations, harmonics, and noise. They suffer from problems such as low identification accuracy, long identification cycle, and poor real-time performance, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale, high-real-time phase identification in distribution areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and system for three-phase phase identification of energy meters based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization, which solves the technical problems of interference with the power grid by invasive methods and low accuracy and low efficiency of non-invasive methods in traditional phase identification technology.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a three-phase phase identification method for an energy meter based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization, the method comprising: A measurement switch module and at least one energy meter module establish a Bluetooth communication connection; the measurement switch module sends a phase identification command to the energy meter module via Bluetooth; the energy meter module initiates zero-crossing event detection according to the phase identification command and sends the detected zero-crossing signal data frame via Bluetooth to the measurement switch module; the measurement switch module determines the three-phase phase type of the energy meter module by comparing the time matching of the received zero-crossing signal data frame with the three-phase zero-crossing status word inside the measurement switch module.

[0006] A second aspect of this application provides a three-phase phase identification system for energy meters based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization, the system comprising: Communication Establishment Unit: The measurement switch module and at least one energy meter module establish a Bluetooth communication connection; Zero-Crossing Event Detection Unit: The measurement switch module sends a phase recognition command to the energy meter module via Bluetooth, and the energy meter module initiates zero-crossing event detection according to the phase recognition command, and sends the detected zero-crossing signal data frame to the measurement switch module via Bluetooth; Time Comparison Unit: The measurement switch module determines the three-phase phase type of the energy meter module by comparing the received zero-crossing signal data frame with the time matching of the three-phase zero-crossing status word inside the measurement switch module.

[0007] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The measurement switch module first establishes a Bluetooth communication connection with at least one energy meter module. After the connection is established, the measurement switch module sends a phase identification command to the energy meter module. Upon receiving the command, the energy meter module initiates zero-crossing event detection and transmits the detected zero-crossing time as a data frame to the measurement switch module via Bluetooth. After receiving the zero-crossing signal data frame, the measurement switch module performs time matching and comparison with its internally recorded three-phase zero-crossing status words to determine the three-phase phase type connected to the corresponding energy meter. Ultimately, it can identify the phase distribution of all energy meters in the entire meter box, providing crucial data for phase-by-phase line loss calculation. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a three-phase phase identification method for an energy meter based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a three-phase phase identification system for an energy meter based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0011] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: Communication establishment unit 11, zero-crossing event detection unit 12, time comparison unit 13. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0013] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a three-phase phase identification method for energy meters based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization, wherein the method includes: The measurement switch module and at least one energy meter module establish a Bluetooth communication connection.

[0014] In this embodiment, after the system starts or enters the phase recognition working mode, the measurement switch module first activates its built-in Bluetooth communication function and performs Bluetooth scanning and matching on the energy meter modules to be identified in the meter box according to the meter box file information or pre-stored energy meter identification information issued by the master station. When the Bluetooth signal of the target energy meter module is detected, the measurement switch module establishes a one-to-one Bluetooth communication connection with the corresponding energy meter module according to the preset Bluetooth communication protocol parameters, and completes connection confirmation and link stability detection. After the Bluetooth connection is successfully established and the communication status is normal, the measurement switch module and the energy meter module enter the data interaction preparation state, providing a communication foundation for the reliable transmission of subsequent phase recognition commands and zero-crossing signal data, thereby ensuring that the phase recognition process can be executed stably and continuously.

[0015] The measurement switch module sends a phase recognition command to the energy meter module via Bluetooth. The energy meter module initiates zero-crossing event detection according to the phase recognition command and sends the detected zero-crossing signal data frame to the measurement switch module via Bluetooth.

[0016] In one embodiment, after the measurement switch module and the energy meter module complete the Bluetooth communication connection and confirm that the link is normal, the measurement switch module sends a phase recognition command to the target energy meter module through the Bluetooth communication link to trigger the energy meter module to enter the phase recognition working state. After receiving the phase recognition command, the energy meter module parses the command content and starts its internal zero-crossing event detection function to monitor the AC voltage zero-crossing point of the connected power supply in real time. When a zero-crossing event is detected, the energy meter module encapsulates the positive zero-crossing signal transmitted from the zero-crossing module to generate a zero-crossing signal data frame containing a zero-crossing event identifier and time sequence information. This zero-crossing signal data frame includes a preamble, access address, data frame header, data length, data field, and checksum. The data field contains the DL / T645-2007 protocol data identifier and zero-crossing information. After receiving the zero-crossing signal data frame, the system will send this zero-crossing signal data frame to the measurement switch module via Bluetooth communication link with the highest priority after the zero-crossing event occurs, so as to ensure the real-time and accuracy of the zero-crossing time information and provide a reliable data foundation for subsequent phase judgment.

[0017] The measurement switch module determines the three-phase phase type of the energy meter module by comparing the received zero-crossing signal data frame with the time matching of the three-phase zero-crossing status word inside the measurement switch module.

[0018] In one embodiment, upon receiving a zero-crossing signal data frame sent via Bluetooth by the energy meter module, the measurement switch module immediately parses the data frame, extracts the corresponding zero-crossing event identifier and timing information, and triggers a high-priority interrupt handling process. During interrupt handling, the measurement switch module invokes its internal three-phase zero-crossing detection process, reads the currently updated three-phase zero-crossing status word, and performs time matching and comparison between the zero-crossing occurrence time corresponding to the zero-crossing signal data frame and the zero-crossing occurrence times of each phase recorded in the three-phase zero-crossing status word, calculating the time difference between the energy meter's zero-crossing time and the zero-crossing times of each phase. Based on the calculated time difference and a preset phase decision time threshold, the measurement switch module determines that the zero-crossing signal data frame is most time-close to the zero-crossing state of a certain phase, thereby determining that the power supply phase type connected to the energy meter module is the corresponding three-phase A, B, or C phase, and stores or reports the determination result for subsequent phase statistics and topology analysis.

[0019] Furthermore, the measurement switch module's time matching comparison based on the received zero-crossing signal data frame and the three-phase zero-crossing status word within the measurement switch module includes: Obtain the zero-crossing status word corresponding to the received zero-crossing signal data frame; perform time matching comparison between the zero-crossing status word of the energy meter module and the three-phase zero-crossing status word inside the measurement switch module to obtain the three-phase occurrence time difference; determine the three-phase phase type of the energy meter module based on the three-phase occurrence time difference and the preset decision time threshold.

[0020] Preferably, after the measurement switch module receives the zero-crossing signal data frame sent by the energy meter module via Bluetooth, it first enters the zero-crossing signal processing flow. During this process, the zero-crossing signal data frame undergoes integrity verification and field parsing, extracting the event identifier information used to identify the zero-crossing event and the corresponding time sequence information. Subsequently, based on the time sequence information, the measurement switch module generates a zero-crossing status word for the energy meter module. This zero-crossing status word includes at least the zero-crossing occurrence time, event type, and validity identifier, used to characterize the zero-crossing state of the energy meter module within the current power frequency cycle. Simultaneously, the three-phase zero-crossing detection circuit inside the measurement switch module continuously samples the AC voltages of phases A, B, and C in real time. Each time a positive zero-crossing event is detected in each phase, the corresponding zero-crossing occurrence time is written into the three-phase zero-crossing status word, forming a three-phase zero-crossing status word containing the zero-crossing times of phases A, B, and C. This three-phase zero-crossing status word is dynamically updated within each power frequency cycle and is latched upon receiving the energy meter's zero-crossing signal data frame for subsequent comparison. After acquiring the zero-crossing status word, the measurement switch module performs a time-matching comparison between the zero-crossing status word of the energy meter module and the zero-crossing times of phases A, B, and C in the three-phase zero-crossing status words. It calculates the absolute time difference between the energy meter's zero-crossing occurrence time and the zero-crossing occurrence time of each phase, obtaining the corresponding set of three-phase occurrence time differences. Then, the measurement switch module compares these three-phase occurrence time differences with a pre-set phase decision time threshold, which is set to be less than the time interval corresponding to the phase difference of the three-phase AC current. When a corresponding time difference is less than the decision time threshold and significantly less than the time differences of the other two corresponding differences, the measurement switch module determines that the zero-crossing event of the energy meter module and the zero-crossing event of that phase occurred within the same time window, thus determining the three-phase phase type of the energy meter module as that phase. If multiple zero-crossing event detection results exist, the multiple decision results can be statistically analyzed to further improve the reliability and stability of the phase identification results.

[0021] Furthermore, the preset decision time threshold is less than the time interval corresponding to the phase difference of the three-phase AC power, and the time interval is 6.67ms.

[0022] Optionally, to ensure the accuracy and uniqueness of three-phase phase determination, a preset time threshold for phase decision is set. This preset decision time threshold is determined based on the phase characteristics of three-phase AC power. Since there is a 120° phase difference between adjacent phases of three-phase AC power at a power frequency of 50Hz, corresponding to a time interval of 6.67ms, the preset decision time threshold is set to a time range less than 6.67ms to limit the effective matching window between the zero-crossing event of the energy meter and the three-phase zero-crossing event within the measurement switch module. In actual decision-making, when the time difference between the zero-crossing time of the energy meter module and the zero-crossing time of a certain phase is less than the preset decision time threshold, they are considered to be in the same phase zero-crossing interval, thus avoiding confusion with the zero-crossing events of the other two phases and ensuring the distinguishability and reliability of the phase identification results in the time dimension. By strictly limiting the decision time threshold to a range less than the time interval corresponding to the three-phase phase difference, the accuracy of three-phase phase identification can be effectively improved, preventing misjudgments caused by communication delays or detection jitter.

[0023] Furthermore, after the measurement switch module receives the zero-crossing signal data frame sent by the energy meter module via Bluetooth, it triggers an interrupt handling mechanism; based on the interrupt handling mechanism, it reads the received zero-crossing signal data frame, which includes an event identifier marking the zero-crossing event and a time sequence frame.

[0024] Optionally, after the measurement switch module completes the physical layer reception of the zero-crossing signal data frame sent by the energy meter module via the Bluetooth communication link, the Bluetooth communication unit, upon confirming that the zero-crossing signal data frame has been received completely and verified, immediately outputs an interrupt trigger signal to the main control processing submodule of the measurement switch module. This interrupt trigger signal is configured as a dedicated interrupt source corresponding to the zero-crossing signal processing, indicating that the currently received data frame is critical data related to the zero-crossing event, thereby triggering the pre-set interrupt handling mechanism within the measurement switch module. After the interrupt handling mechanism is triggered, the main control processing submodule of the measurement switch module immediately responds to the interrupt trigger signal, enters the zero-crossing signal data processing interrupt service routine according to the interrupt priority configuration, and suspends or postpones the execution of the current non-critical tasks. In this interrupt service routine, the main control processing submodule first latches the data in the Bluetooth communication buffer to prevent subsequent communication data from overwriting or interfering with the current zero-crossing signal data, and then sequentially reads the received zero-crossing signal data frames from the buffer. During the reading of the zero-crossing signal data frame, the main control processing submodule parses each field of the data frame field by field, identifies and extracts the event identifier field used to mark the zero-crossing event, to confirm that the event type corresponding to the data frame is an energy meter zero-crossing event. At the same time, it parses the time series frame carried in the data frame, which is used to record the specific time point and relative timing number of the zero-crossing event. After completing the parsing of the event identifier and the time series frame, the main control processing submodule writes the parsed zero-crossing event information into a preset zero-crossing event buffer or status register, and generates the corresponding energy meter zero-crossing status word, which is used for subsequent time matching comparison and phase decision processing with the three-phase zero-crossing status word inside the measurement switch module, thereby ensuring the real-time performance, integrity and traceability of the zero-crossing event data in the system.

[0025] Furthermore, the interrupt handling mechanism includes a first priority master control identifier; wherein, the measurement switch module performs priority interrupt handling based on the first priority master control identifier.

[0026] Optionally, during the initialization phase of the measurement switch module, the main control processing submodule uniformly configures various interrupt sources and sets corresponding interrupt priorities based on the importance and real-time requirements of the events. Specifically, interrupt sources related to the reception and processing of zero-crossing signal data frames from the energy meter are configured with a first-priority main control identifier. This first-priority main control identifier is written into the interrupt vector table or interrupt control register to indicate that the interrupt is the highest-priority or most recent interrupt type in the system, ensuring its priority response in multi-tasking and multi-interrupt environments. When the Bluetooth communication unit sends an interrupt request signal to the main control processing submodule after receiving the zero-crossing signal data frame, the main control processing submodule first reads the main control identifier information corresponding to the interrupt request and determines whether the main control identifier carried in the interrupt request is a first-priority main control identifier. If it is determined to be a first-priority main control identifier, the main control processing submodule immediately initiates the priority interrupt response process, preempting or suspending the currently executing ordinary task or low-priority interrupt service routine, and saving its running context. Subsequently, the main control processing submodule, based on the first-priority main control identifier, jumps from the interrupt vector table to the corresponding zero-crossing signal processing interrupt service routine, and completes key operations such as reading, parsing, timestamp extraction, and status word generation of the zero-crossing signal data frame with the highest priority. During the execution of the interrupt service routine, other low-priority interrupt requests are masked or delayed to ensure that the zero-crossing event processing flow is not disturbed. After completing all processing steps of the first-priority interrupt service routine, the main control processing submodule removes the masking of low-priority interrupts, restores the execution context of the suspended task or interrupt, and continues to execute subsequent programs. Through the above-mentioned priority interrupt processing mechanism based on the first-priority main control identifier, the measurement switch module can perform the fastest and most deterministic processing of zero-crossing events in complex system operating environments, thereby effectively reducing system jitter and processing latency, and improving the stability and accuracy of three-phase phase identification results.

[0027] Furthermore, multiple energy meter modules within the same meter box are acquired, and multiple three-phase phase types corresponding to the multiple energy meter modules are identified; based on the multiple three-phase phase types, the phase distribution relationship of the meter box is obtained.

[0028] Optionally, after the measurement switch module enters the meter box phase recognition working mode, it first reads the meter identification information of multiple energy meter modules in the same meter box from the meter box file information sent by the main station. This meter identification information is used to uniquely identify each energy meter module in the meter box. The measurement switch module generates a list of energy meter modules to be identified according to the meter identification information, and sorts the list of energy meter modules to be identified according to a preset identification strategy to determine the execution order of phase recognition. Subsequently, the measurement switch module selects one energy meter module at a time as the current identification object in a loop according to the execution order, and establishes a one-to-one Bluetooth communication connection with the energy meter module. After the Bluetooth connection is successfully established and the communication status is stable, the measurement switch module sends a phase recognition command to the current energy meter module, triggering the energy meter module to perform zero-crossing event detection and send back a zero-crossing signal data frame. After receiving the zero-crossing signal data frame, the measurement switch module executes the time matching comparison and phase decision process to determine the three-phase phase type connected to the current energy meter module. After completing the phase identification of the current energy meter module, the measurement switch module binds and stores the identified three-phase phase type with the corresponding meter identifier of the energy meter module, and updates the phase identification result table. Simultaneously, the measurement switch module marks the identification status of the current energy meter module to prevent duplicate or missed identification. If a communication abnormality or invalid data occurs during the identification process, the abnormal status is recorded and a retry or skip process is initiated. Once all energy meter modules in the list to be identified have completed phase identification, the measurement switch module summarizes the phase identification result table, classifies and statistically analyzes the energy meter modules according to the three-phase phase type, and generates phase distribution relationship data reflecting the number and corresponding relationships of each phase energy meter module within the meter box. This phase distribution relationship data can be represented using tables, mapping relationships, or structured data formats, and can be further stored in a local storage unit or uploaded to the main station system via a communication network for meter box topology identification, phase loss analysis, and subsequent operation and maintenance management, thereby achieving complete acquisition and application of the phase distribution relationship of energy meters within the same meter box.

[0029] Furthermore, after the measurement switch module receives the zero-crossing signal data frame, the method further includes: A time deviation compensation model is constructed, comprising a first time deviation compensation channel and a second time deviation compensation channel. The first time deviation compensation channel is obtained by analyzing the time drift characteristic parameters of historical zero-crossing event samples, and the second time deviation compensation channel is obtained by analyzing the time delay characteristic parameters corresponding to historical Bluetooth transmit and receive samples. The zero-crossing signal data frames received by the measurement switch module are compensated according to the first and second time deviation compensation channels of the time deviation compensation model, and the compensated zero-crossing signal data frames are output.

[0030] Optionally, when the measurement switch module enters phase recognition, the system first starts the construction process of the time deviation compensation model, which is used to uniformly model and compensate for the time deviation introduced during zero-crossing event detection and Bluetooth communication transmission. This time deviation compensation model consists of a first time deviation compensation channel and a second time deviation compensation channel. The two compensation channels independently model and calculate time errors from different sources.

[0031] The first time deviation compensation channel is used to learn the nonlinear mapping relationship between the time drift characteristics generated by the energy meter module during zero-crossing event detection and the corresponding time deviation compensation amount. Before constructing the first time deviation compensation channel, the system first collects and organizes historical zero-crossing event sample data of the energy meter module from historical operation. This historical zero-crossing event sample is divided into units based on the power frequency cycle. Each sample corresponds to a zero-crossing detection cycle and contains multiple time drift-related feature parameters as input feature vectors. These input feature parameters include, but are not limited to, the zero-crossing occurrence time value in multiple consecutive cycles, the zero-crossing time difference between adjacent cycles, and the zero-crossing detection jitter amplitude, etc. At the same time, a corresponding supervision label is constructed for each training sample. This supervision label is the true zero-crossing time deviation compensation amount obtained through statistical analysis or calibration, which is used to characterize the time offset value that the sample should correct in the current state. After completing the construction of training samples, a first time deviation compensation channel structure is designed based on a feedforward neural network model. This feedforward neural network model includes an input layer, at least one hidden layer, and an output layer. The input layer is used to receive the constructed time drift feature vector, and its dimension is equal to the number of input feature parameters. The hidden layer adopts a fully connected structure, which uses several neurons to perform weighted summation of the input features and apply a nonlinear activation function to learn the nonlinear correlation between zero-crossing detection time drift features. For example, the hidden layer is set to 1 to 2 layers, each containing several neurons, and the ReLU activation function is used to enhance the nonlinear expressive power of the model and avoid the gradient vanishing problem. The output layer also adopts a fully connected structure, and its output is a single continuous value, which is used to represent the zero-crossing time deviation compensation amount under the current input feature condition.

[0032] Subsequently, the constructed training samples are input into the feedforward neural network model for forward propagation computation. During forward propagation, the input layer first passes the time-drift feature vector to the hidden layer. Each neuron in the hidden layer linearly weights the input features and adds a bias term, then outputs an intermediate feature representation through an activation function. If multiple hidden layers are set, the output of the previous hidden layer becomes the input of the next hidden layer, performing feature abstraction and nonlinear mapping layer by layer. Finally, the output layer generates the predicted zero-crossing time bias compensation. After obtaining the model output, the predicted zero-crossing time bias compensation is compared with the corresponding true compensation in the training samples, and the error between the two is calculated. The average of the squared errors is used as the loss function, i.e., the mean squared error loss function, to quantify the prediction accuracy of the model under the current parameters. Next, based on the loss function, the error is propagated from the output layer to the input layer layer by layer through the backpropagation algorithm. The gradient values ​​of the weight parameters and bias parameters of each layer in the network with respect to the loss function are calculated, thereby determining the optimization direction of each parameter under the current sample.

[0033] During the parameter update phase, the Adam optimization algorithm is used to iteratively update each trainable parameter of the feedforward neural network model. This Adam optimization algorithm combines first-order and second-order moment estimation of the gradient and adaptively adjusts the model parameters under the control of a preset learning rate (e.g., 0.001), enabling the model to gradually reduce prediction errors and improve its fitting ability to zero-crossing detection time drift features during subsequent training. This training process is repeated in batches or mini-batch mode until a preset number of training rounds is reached, or the model loss function converges to a preset threshold range. After model training is completed, the feedforward neural network model is further validated using historical zero-crossing event data independent of the training samples to evaluate its accuracy and stability in predicting zero-crossing time deviation compensation. When the validation results meet the preset accuracy requirements, the currently trained model parameters are permanently stored for online inference calculation of the first time deviation compensation channel. If the validation results do not meet the requirements, the model structure parameters or training hyperparameters are adjusted, and the training process is re-executed until a time deviation compensation model that meets the application requirements is obtained.

[0034] The second time deviation compensation channel, used to characterize the systematic delay error introduced by the Bluetooth communication link, is also constructed based on a feedforward neural network. The difference from the aforementioned construction process is that it uses time delay feature parameters corresponding to historical Bluetooth transmission and reception samples. After construction, the first and second time deviation compensation channels are concatenated to form the final time deviation compensation model.

[0035] When the measurement switch module receives a zero-crossing signal data frame from the energy meter module during real-time phase identification, it first parses the data frame to extract the original zero-crossing occurrence time information. Then, the measurement switch module calls the first time deviation compensation channel in the time deviation compensation model to calculate the corresponding zero-crossing detection time compensation amount based on the current zero-crossing detection characteristics of the energy meter module, compensating for the original zero-crossing occurrence time information to obtain intermediate zero-crossing occurrence time information. Next, it calls the second time deviation compensation channel in the time deviation compensation model to calculate the corresponding Bluetooth transmission time compensation amount based on the current Bluetooth communication status of the energy meter module, compensating for the intermediate zero-crossing occurrence time information to obtain the final compensated zero-crossing occurrence time. Finally, the measurement switch module repackages the compensated zero-crossing occurrence time to generate a compensated zero-crossing signal data frame and inputs it into the subsequent time matching comparison and phase decision process. Through the construction and application of the above dual-channel time deviation compensation model, time errors can be adaptively corrected under different operating environments and communication conditions, thereby effectively improving the consistency, stability, and accuracy of three-phase phase identification results.

[0036] Furthermore, the method for compensating the zero-crossing signal data frame received by the measurement switch module according to the first time deviation compensation channel of the time deviation compensation model includes: Obtain the zero-crossing detection jitter deviation of the energy meter module; compensate the zero-crossing signal data frame received by the measurement switch module based on the zero-crossing detection jitter deviation.

[0037] Optionally, during the process of establishing a Bluetooth communication connection with the energy meter module and completing multiple zero-crossing event interactions, the measurement switch module continuously collects zero-crossing signal data frames reported by the energy meter module within multiple consecutive power frequency cycles. It then extracts the corresponding zero-crossing occurrence time information from these data frames, organizes the zero-crossing occurrence times according to the cycle order, and aligns and compares them with the ideal power frequency cycle or the three-phase zero-crossing reference time within the measurement switch module. The fluctuation amplitude of the zero-crossing time under adjacent cycles or the same phase conditions is calculated, thereby obtaining the zero-crossing detection jitter deviation, which characterizes the zero-crossing detection stability of the energy meter module. After obtaining the zero-crossing detection jitter deviation, the measurement switch module uses this jitter deviation as one of the sources of time error to perform time compensation processing on the received zero-crossing signal data frames. Specifically, when the measurement switch module receives a new zero-crossing signal data frame, it first parses the original zero-crossing time information carried in the data frame. Then, it inputs the zero-crossing detection jitter deviation corresponding to the current energy meter module along with the original zero-crossing time information into the first time deviation compensation channel for correction, thereby obtaining the zero-crossing detection time compensation amount. This compensation amount is used to correct the original zero-crossing time to compensate for the intermediate zero-crossing occurrence time information, thus offsetting the time error introduced by zero-crossing detection instability. After compensation, the measurement switch module repackages the corrected zero-crossing time to form a compensated zero-crossing signal data frame, and uses the compensated zero-crossing signal data frame for subsequent time matching comparison and three-phase phase decision processes. This reduces the impact of zero-crossing detection jitter on the phase recognition result, improving the accuracy and stability of phase recognition.

[0038] Furthermore, the method for compensating the zero-crossing signal data frame received by the measurement switch module according to the second time deviation compensation channel of the time deviation compensation model includes: Obtain the Bluetooth transceiver relative distance between the measurement switch module and the energy meter module; calculate the transmission delay data frame corresponding to the Bluetooth transceiver relative distance, and use the transmission delay data frame to compensate for the zero-crossing signal data frame received by the measurement switch module.

[0039] Optionally, after the measurement switch module and the energy meter module establish a Bluetooth communication connection and enter the phase recognition working state, the measurement switch module first monitors the operating status of the Bluetooth communication link to obtain the relative Bluetooth transmission distance between the measurement switch module and the energy meter module. Then, the measurement switch module combines the transmission delay statistics under different communication distance conditions in historical Bluetooth transmission samples to perform mean mapping on the Bluetooth transmission delay under the current relative distance condition, and encapsulates the mapped transmission delay information into a transmission delay data frame. Afterwards, upon receiving the zero-crossing signal data frame sent by the energy meter module, the measurement switch module parses the original zero-crossing time information carried in the zero-crossing signal data frame, and inputs the transmission delay data frame and the original zero-crossing time information together into the second time deviation compensation channel for correction processing, thereby obtaining the Bluetooth transmission time compensation amount. This compensation amount corrects the original zero-crossing time to compensate for the intermediate zero-crossing occurrence time information, thus offsetting the time delay error introduced during Bluetooth communication transmission. After compensation is completed, the measurement switch module repackages the corrected zero-crossing time to generate a compensated zero-crossing signal data frame, and uses the compensated zero-crossing signal data frame for subsequent time matching comparison and three-phase phase decision process, thereby reducing the impact of Bluetooth communication distance changes on zero-crossing time synchronization accuracy and improving the reliability of the overall phase recognition result.

[0040] In summary, the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects: First, the measurement switch module and at least one energy meter module establish a Bluetooth communication connection. Next, the measurement switch module sends a phase identification command to the energy meter module via Bluetooth. The energy meter module, based on the phase identification command, initiates zero-crossing event detection and sends the detected zero-crossing signal data frame via Bluetooth to the measurement switch module. Finally, the measurement switch module compares the received zero-crossing signal data frame with the time match of its internal three-phase zero-crossing status words to determine the three-phase phase type of the energy meter module. This solves the technical problems of traditional phase identification technologies, such as invasive methods interfering with the power grid and non-invasive methods having low accuracy and efficiency. It achieves fast, accurate, and reliable three-phase phase identification of energy meters using Bluetooth communication and the three-phase zero-crossing time difference without injecting signals into the power line, thus improving phase identification accuracy and efficiency and reducing the impact on power grid operation.

[0041] Example 2 is based on the same inventive concept as the three-phase phase identification method for energy meters based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization in the previous examples, such as... Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a three-phase phase identification system for energy meters based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization, wherein the system includes: Communication Establishment Unit 11: The measurement switch module and at least one energy meter module establish a Bluetooth communication connection; Zero Crossing Event Detection Unit 12: The measurement switch module sends a phase recognition command to the energy meter module via Bluetooth, and the energy meter module initiates zero crossing event detection according to the phase recognition command, and sends the detected zero crossing signal data frame to the measurement switch module via Bluetooth; Time Comparison Unit 13: The measurement switch module determines the three-phase phase type of the energy meter module by comparing the received zero crossing signal data frame with the time matching of the three-phase zero crossing status word inside the measurement switch module.

[0042] Furthermore, the system is used to execute the following methods: Obtain the zero-crossing status word corresponding to the received zero-crossing signal data frame; perform time matching comparison between the zero-crossing status word of the energy meter module and the three-phase zero-crossing status word inside the measurement switch module to obtain the three-phase occurrence time difference; determine the three-phase phase type of the energy meter module based on the three-phase occurrence time difference and the preset decision time threshold.

[0043] Furthermore, the system is used to execute the following methods: The preset decision time threshold is less than the time interval corresponding to the phase difference of the three-phase AC power, and the time interval is 6.67ms.

[0044] Furthermore, the system is used to execute the following methods: When the measurement switch module receives the zero-crossing signal data frame sent by the energy meter module via Bluetooth, it triggers an interrupt handling mechanism; based on the interrupt handling mechanism, it reads the received zero-crossing signal data frame, which includes an event identifier marking the zero-crossing event and a time sequence frame.

[0045] Furthermore, the system is used to execute the following methods: The interrupt handling mechanism includes a first priority master control identifier; wherein, the measurement switch module performs priority interrupt handling based on the first priority master control identifier.

[0046] Furthermore, the system is used to execute the following methods: Multiple energy meter modules within the same meter box are acquired, and multiple three-phase phase types corresponding to the multiple energy meter modules are identified; based on the multiple three-phase phase types, the phase distribution relationship of the meter box is obtained.

[0047] Furthermore, the system is used to execute the following methods: A time deviation compensation model is constructed, comprising a first time deviation compensation channel and a second time deviation compensation channel. The first time deviation compensation channel is obtained by analyzing the time drift characteristic parameters of historical zero-crossing event samples, and the second time deviation compensation channel is obtained by analyzing the time delay characteristic parameters corresponding to historical Bluetooth transmit and receive samples. The zero-crossing signal data frames received by the measurement switch module are compensated according to the first and second time deviation compensation channels of the time deviation compensation model, and the compensated zero-crossing signal data frames are output.

[0048] Furthermore, the system is used to execute the following methods: Obtain the zero-crossing detection jitter deviation of the energy meter module; compensate the zero-crossing signal data frame received by the measurement switch module based on the zero-crossing detection jitter deviation.

[0049] Furthermore, the system is used to execute the following methods: Obtain the Bluetooth transceiver relative distance between the measurement switch module and the energy meter module; calculate the transmission delay data frame corresponding to the Bluetooth transceiver relative distance, and use the transmission delay data frame to compensate for the zero-crossing signal data frame received by the measurement switch module.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-phase phase identification method for energy meters based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization, characterized in that, include: The measurement switch module and at least one energy meter module establish a Bluetooth communication connection; The measurement switch module sends a phase recognition command to the energy meter module via Bluetooth. The energy meter module initiates zero-crossing event detection according to the phase recognition command and sends the detected zero-crossing signal data frame to the measurement switch module via Bluetooth. The measurement switch module determines the three-phase phase type of the energy meter module by comparing the received zero-crossing signal data frame with the time matching of the three-phase zero-crossing status word inside the measurement switch module.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement switch module performs a time matching comparison between the received zero-crossing signal data frame and the three-phase zero-crossing status word inside the measurement switch module, including: Obtain the zero-crossing status word corresponding to the received zero-crossing signal data frame; The zero-crossing status word of the energy meter module is compared with the three-phase zero-crossing status word inside the measurement switch module to obtain the time difference of the three-phase occurrence. The three-phase phase type of the energy meter module is determined based on the three-phase occurrence time difference and the preset decision time threshold.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The preset decision time threshold is less than the time interval corresponding to the phase difference of the three-phase AC power, and the time interval is 6.67ms.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the measurement switch module receives the zero-crossing signal data frame sent by the energy meter module via Bluetooth, the interrupt handling mechanism is triggered. The received zero-crossing signal data frame is read based on the interrupt handling mechanism. The zero-crossing signal data frame includes an event identifier that marks the zero-crossing event and a time series frame.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The interrupt handling mechanism includes a first-priority master control identifier; The measurement switch module performs priority interruption processing based on the first priority master control identifier.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Acquire multiple energy meter modules within the same meter box and identify multiple three-phase phase types corresponding to the multiple energy meter modules; Based on the multiple three-phase phase types, the phase distribution relationship of the meter box is obtained.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the measurement switch module receives the zero-crossing signal data frame, the method further includes: A time deviation compensation model is constructed, which includes a first time deviation compensation channel and a second time deviation compensation channel. The first time deviation compensation channel is obtained by analyzing the time drift characteristic parameters of historical zero-crossing event samples, and the second time deviation compensation channel is obtained by analyzing the time delay characteristic parameters corresponding to historical Bluetooth transmit and receive transmission samples. The zero-crossing signal data frame received by the measurement switch module is compensated according to the first time deviation compensation channel and the second time deviation compensation channel of the time deviation compensation model, and the compensated zero-crossing signal data frame is output.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The method for compensating the zero-crossing signal data frame received by the measurement switch module according to the first time deviation compensation channel of the time deviation compensation model includes: Obtain the zero-crossing detection jitter deviation of the energy meter module; The zero-crossing signal data frame received by the measurement switch module is compensated based on the zero-crossing detection jitter deviation.

9. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The method for compensating the zero-crossing signal data frame received by the measurement switch module according to the second time deviation compensation channel of the time deviation compensation model includes: Obtain the Bluetooth transceiver relative distance between the measurement switch module and the energy meter module; Calculate the transmission delay data frame corresponding to the relative distance between the Bluetooth transceiver, and use the transmission delay data frame to compensate for the zero-crossing signal data frame received by the measurement switch module.

10. A three-phase phase identification system for an energy meter based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization, characterized in that, A method for implementing a three-phase phase identification method for an energy meter based on Bluetooth zero-crossing synchronization as described in any one of claims 1-9 includes: Communication establishment unit: The measurement switch module and at least one energy meter module establish a Bluetooth communication connection; Zero-crossing event detection unit: The measurement switch module sends a phase recognition command to the energy meter module via Bluetooth. The energy meter module starts zero-crossing event detection according to the phase recognition command and sends the detected zero-crossing signal data frame to the measurement switch module via Bluetooth. Time comparison unit: The measurement switch module determines the three-phase phase type of the energy meter module by comparing the received zero-crossing signal data frame with the time matching of the three-phase zero-crossing status word inside the measurement switch module.

Images