Method for accelerating germination of radix peucedani seminal roots before planting
By optimizing the germination method of Peucedanum praeruptorum seeds and combining it with substrate mixing, temperature, humidity, light and liquid replenishment, the problems of inconsistent germination of seeds and poor seedling resistance were solved, and the stability and efficiency of the planting process were improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202512054253.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
During the cultivation of Angelica dahurica, inconsistent root germination time, weak seedling survival ability, prolonged growth cycle, and poor stress resistance lead to low planting efficiency and poor economic benefits. Existing technologies lack systematic pretreatment schemes to enhance its adaptability under drought conditions.
Mix the root segments of Peucedanum praeruptorum with a loose and breathable substrate at a volume ratio of 1:5, pile them into a 15-30 cm germination bed, thoroughly water with germination solution, control the temperature at 15-28℃ and humidity at 70-90%, maintain ventilation, until 70% of the root segments sprout new buds, provide diffused light and alternately replenish germination solution and water in the later stage of germination, and perform hardening treatment before transplanting.
It improved the uniformity and germination rate of seed roots, enhanced the adaptability of seedlings under drought conditions, shortened the growth cycle, and improved planting efficiency and economic benefits.
Smart Images
Figure CN122004056A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of Chinese medicinal herb cultivation technology, specifically to a method for germinating the roots of Peucedanum praeruptorum before planting. Background Technology
[0002] As an important and commonly used bulk Chinese medicinal herb, *Peucedanum praeruptorum* is generally propagated asexually through root segments. However, in actual production environments, especially in mountainous and hilly areas with complex geological structures and pronounced seasonal droughts, directly transplanting untreated root segments into the field presents multiple challenges. These challenges include inconsistent root germination times, leading to uneven seedling distribution in the field; decreased overall seedling survival rate, making it difficult to adapt to changing soil and climate conditions; a forced extension of the growth cycle, affecting planting efficiency and economic benefits; and significantly insufficient resistance of newly formed seedlings to external adversities such as water shortages and temperature fluctuations, easily causing large-scale growth disorders. Despite the important role of *Peucedanum praeruptorum* in the agricultural economy, the existing technological system lacks a pretreatment program specifically tailored to the characteristics of *Peucedanum praeruptorum* roots to systematically enhance its adaptability after transplanting under drought conditions, resulting in poor stability in the planting process and significant resource waste.
[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for promoting the germination of Angelica dahurica seeds, which has the advantages of improving the uniformity and germination rate of seed germination, enhancing the adaptability of seedlings under drought conditions, shortening the growth cycle, and improving planting efficiency and economic benefits.
[0005] This application provides a method for germinating the roots of Angelica dahurica before planting, and the technical solution is as follows: Includes the following steps: S1. Mix the root segments of Peucedanum praeruptorum with a loose and breathable substrate at a volume ratio of 1:(4-8) and stir well; S2. Pile the mixed mixture into a germination bed with a height of 15-30 cm; S3. Thoroughly pour the germination solution into the germination bed; S4. During the germination process, control the ambient temperature at 15-28℃ and keep the substrate moist, replenishing the liquid every 2-4 days; S5. Maintain ventilation until more than 70% of the root segments have sprouted new buds.
[0006] Furthermore, this application also proposes that in step S1, the volume ratio of the root segment to the substrate is 1:5; the substrate is one or more of the following: fine soil, river sand, perlite, vermiculite, or coconut coir.
[0007] Furthermore, this application also proposes that in step S3, the germination solution is obtained by fermentation of willow twigs.
[0008] Furthermore, this application also proposes a method for treating the germination solution, including: S31. Raw material processing: Collect tender willow branches, peel off their fresh bark, wash them, and cut them into small sections. S32. Fermentation treatment: Mix small pieces of fresh bark from tender willow branches with water, add fermentation aids, adjust the pH to acidic, and ferment at 25-35℃ to obtain fermentation liquid; the fermentation aids are microbial agents and / or enzyme preparations that can decompose plant cell walls. S33. Post-treatment: The fermentation broth is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain a sprouting and rooting solution.
[0009] Furthermore, this application also proposes that in step S4, the ambient temperature is controlled at 18-25°C and the relative humidity is controlled at 70-90%.
[0010] Furthermore, this application also proposes that, in step S2, the width of the germination bed is 80-150 cm.
[0011] Furthermore, this application also proposes that, before step S1, a pretreatment step for the root segment is included: selecting a healthy root segment with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm, a length of 5-8 cm and 1-2 buds, and disinfecting the cut.
[0012] Furthermore, this application also proposes that, during the germination process in step S4, 4-6 hours of diffused light be provided daily in the later stages of germination.
[0013] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the "replenishing liquid once" in step S4 is: alternately replenishing the germination solution and water, or replenishing water once after every two replenishments of the germination solution.
[0014] Furthermore, this application also proposes that after step S5 and before transplanting, a hardening-off step is included: gradually removing the covering, increasing ventilation and light intensity, for 3-5 days.
[0015] As can be seen from the above, the method for promoting the germination of Angelica dahurica seeds provided in this application promotes uniform germination of seeds and enhances the stress resistance of seedlings by controlling the ratio of seeds and substrate, stacking germination beds, using germination solution, and regulating temperature, humidity and ventilation. It has the advantages of improving the uniformity and germination rate of seeds and roots, enhancing the adaptability of seedlings under drought conditions, shortening the growth cycle, and improving planting efficiency and economic benefits. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the root sprouting method for Peucedanum praeruptorum in this application embodiment.
[0017] Figure 2 This is a sample image of a healthy Peucedanum praeruptorum root system in an embodiment of this application.
[0018] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the preprocessing of the root segment of *Eupatorium fortunei* in an embodiment of this application.
[0019] Figure 4 This is a sample diagram of the germination bed in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0021] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.
[0022] Traditional methods of planting Angelica dahurica root, especially in mountainous and hilly areas with complex geological environments and significant seasonal drought, involve directly planting unsprouted root segments in the field. This results in uneven germination, low survival rates, prolonged growth cycles, and weak seedling resistance. Furthermore, there is a lack of pretreatment programs that can systematically improve the seedlings' drought resistance and transplantability.
[0023] To address this issue, this application proposes a method for promoting the germination of Peucedanum praeruptorum root segments before planting. This method aims to effectively promote the germination of Peucedanum praeruptorum root segments through a series of controlled steps, thereby improving the success rate of subsequent planting and the growth performance of seedlings. Specifically, the method includes the following steps: S1. Mix the root segments of Peucedanum praeruptorum with a loose and breathable substrate at a volume ratio of 1:(4-8) and stir well; S2. Pile the mixed mixture into a germination bed with a height of 15-30 cm; S3. Thoroughly water the germination bed with the germination solution; S4. During the germination process, control the ambient temperature at 15-28℃ and keep the substrate moist, replenishing the liquid every 2-4 days; S5. Maintain ventilation until more than 70% of the root segments have sprouted new buds.
[0024] For ease of understanding, the following explains some key terms in this embodiment: Peucedanum root segments refer to the root segments of Peucedanum used for asexual reproduction. They contain buds and are the starting material for the growth and development of Peucedanum plants.
[0025] A loose and breathable substrate refers to a medium that can provide support for the root segment, retain moisture and allow air circulation. For example, it can be soil, sand, perlite, vermiculite, coconut coir and other materials, or mixtures thereof.
[0026] A germination bed is a stacked structure that provides a suitable germination environment for the root segments of Angelica dahurica. Its internal temperature, humidity and ventilation conditions can be effectively controlled to promote the germination of the root segments.
[0027] Germination solution refers to a liquid containing active ingredients that promote plant germination and rooting. It is used to soak the germination substrate and provide nutrition and growth stimulation to the seed root segments.
[0028] Specifically, the germination method of this application is achieved through the following means: In step S1, the root segments of *Peucedanum praeruptorum* are mixed with a loose and breathable substrate at a volume ratio of 1:(4-8). This volume ratio can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the root segments and the type of substrate, for example, it can be set to 1:4 or 1:8. The choice of substrate is diverse; for example, any one of fine soil, river sand, perlite, vermiculite, or coconut coir can be used alone, or two or more of them can be mixed together.
[0029] In step S2, the mixed material is piled into a germination bed with a height of 15-30 cm. The height of the germination bed can be set according to ease of operation and site conditions, for example, it can be 15 cm or 30 cm. The width of the germination bed can also be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, it can be set to 50 cm or 200 cm.
[0030] In step S3, the germination bed is thoroughly watered with the germination solution. The source and composition of the germination solution can be varied; for example, it may be a commercially available plant growth regulator solution, a diluted nutrient solution, or simply water.
[0031] In step S4, the environmental conditions during the germination process are strictly controlled. The ambient temperature is controlled within the range of 15°C to 28°C, for example, it can be set to 15°C or 28°C. The substrate needs to be kept continuously moist, and the frequency of liquid replenishment can be adjusted according to the dryness of the substrate, for example, replenishing once every 2 days or every 4 days. The replenishing liquid can be only water or only germination solution.
[0032] In step S5, ventilation is maintained until more than 70% of the root segments sprout new shoots. Ventilation can be achieved through natural air circulation or with the aid of mechanical equipment such as fans. The germination rate can also be adjusted according to specific needs, for example, it can be set at 50% or 80% of the root segments sprouting.
[0033] The above-mentioned germination method effectively induces the germination of root segments of *Angelica dahurica* before planting, significantly improving the uniformity of germination and survival rate. This method shortens the growth cycle of *Angelica dahurica* and enhances the seedlings' resistance to adverse conditions. It is particularly suitable for planting in complex geological environments such as mountainous and hilly areas, as well as seasonally arid regions, providing a reliable technical guarantee for the large-scale production of *Angelica dahurica*.
[0034] In the process of germinating Peucedanum praeruptorum rootlets, mixing the root segments with a loose and well-aerated substrate is a crucial step. However, if the substrate selection is too broad or the mixing ratio is inappropriate, it may lead to an imbalance in the substrate's aeration, water retention, or nutrient supply, thereby affecting the germination rate and uniformity of the root segments, and even causing root segment rot or poor growth, thus reducing germination efficiency and subsequent transplant survival rate.
[0035] In this regard, this application further optimizes the above-mentioned germination method. Specifically, in the step of mixing the root segments of Peucedanum praeruptorum with a loose and breathable substrate, the volume ratio of the root segments to the substrate is set to 1:5, and the substrate is one or more of the following: fine soil, river sand, perlite, vermiculite, or coconut coir.
[0036] The volume ratio of the root segments to the substrate is 1:5, designed to ensure that the root segments of *Angelica dahurica* are in full contact with the substrate, while providing sufficient growth space and oxygen supply. If the substrate ratio is too low, the root segments may be too densely packed, resulting in poor aeration and increased susceptibility to pathogens; if the substrate ratio is too high, it may lead to resource waste and insufficient contact between the root segments and the substrate, affecting the absorption of water and nutrients. The 1:5 ratio is optimized to balance the density of the root segments, the coverage of the substrate, and the overall aeration and water retention of the mixture, providing a suitable physical environment for the germination of the root segments.
[0037] The composition of the substrate is crucial for providing a suitable physical and chemical environment. Fine soil has good water and fertilizer retention capacity and can provide some nutrients, but its aeration is relatively poor. River sand has good aeration and drainage, and can increase the looseness of the substrate, but its water and fertilizer retention capacity is weak. Perlite is a lightweight, porous material with excellent aeration and water retention, which can improve the structure of the substrate and promote root growth. Vermiculite has good water and fertilizer retention capacity and cation exchange capacity, which can slowly release nutrients and also provide some aeration. Coconut coir is a natural organic substrate with good water retention and aeration, and a moderate pH value, which is conducive to plant growth. By selecting one or more of the above materials and mixing them, a composite substrate with good aeration, water retention, fertilizer retention and a suitable pH value can be formulated according to actual needs and cost considerations, providing comprehensive support for the germination of Angelica dahurica roots.
[0038] By precisely setting the volume ratio of Angelica dahurica root segments to substrate to 1:5, and selecting one or more of fine soil, river sand, perlite, vermiculite, or coconut coir as the substrate, this application ensures that the root segments receive the optimal physical growth environment during germination. This optimized ratio effectively avoids problems such as poor aeration due to overcrowding of root segments or insufficient contact due to insufficient substrate, thereby significantly improving the germination rate and uniformity of the root segments. Simultaneously, the selected substrate materials, such as perlite and vermiculite, provide excellent aeration and water retention, while coconut coir provides good organic matter and water retention capacity. These characteristics work synergistically to provide stable moisture, oxygen, and physical support for the healthy germination of the root segments, effectively reducing the risk of rot and laying a solid foundation for subsequent transplanting.
[0039] In some embodiments described above, a technical solution is proposed to mix the root segments of *Peucedanum praeruptorum* with a loose, breathable substrate at a volume ratio of 1:(4-8), and then pile the mixture into a germination bed with a height of 15-30 cm. Subsequently, a germination-promoting solution is thoroughly poured into the germination bed to promote the germination of the *Peucedanum praeruptorum* root segments. However, in practical applications, if the source of the active ingredients in the germination-promoting solution is unstable or its germination-promoting effect is not significant enough, the germination rate and speed of the *Peucedanum praeruptorum* root segments may not be ideal, affecting subsequent planting efficiency and yield.
[0040] In this regard, this application further proposes that in step S3, the bud-promoting solution is obtained by fermentation of willow twigs. This method of preparing the bud-promoting solution utilizes naturally occurring plant growth regulators in willow twigs, such as salicylic acid and auxins. Through fermentation, these active ingredients can be effectively extracted and transformed to form a natural, environmentally friendly, and bioactive bud-promoting agent. The fermentation process typically involves appropriately treating the willow twigs, such as chopping and soaking them, then adding microbial agents or enzymes, and carrying out biotransformation under suitable temperature and humidity conditions to release and enrich substances beneficial to plant budding. This method avoids the use of chemically synthesized growth regulators, reduces environmental risks, and may provide a milder and more lasting bud-promoting effect. Specifically, the selected willow twigs are preferably vigorous, disease-free, current-year or one- or two-year-old branches to ensure a high content of active substances. The fermentation process can employ anaerobic or aerobic fermentation, and the release of active ingredients can be optimized by controlling fermentation conditions such as temperature, humidity, and aeration. After fermentation is complete, solid-liquid separation steps such as filtration and clarification are usually required to obtain a clear germination solution.
[0041] By using a bud-promoting solution obtained from the fermentation of willow twigs, a natural, mild, and continuous plant growth regulator can be provided for the root segments of *Peucedanum praeruptorum*. The natural auxins and salicylic acid abundant in willow twigs, after fermentation, have their biological activity effectively released and enhanced, significantly promoting cell division and growth in the root segments, inducing bud germination, and contributing to early root formation. Compared to using general-purpose or chemically synthesized bud-promoting agents, this naturally derived bud-promoting solution not only improves the germination rate and speed of *Peucedanum praeruptorum* root segments but also enhances the seedlings' resistance to stress, laying a good foundation for subsequent transplanting and growth, while avoiding the potential adverse effects of chemical residues on the environment and plants.
[0042] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, it is proposed to promote the germination of Peucedanum praeruptorum seeds by irrigating the germination bed with a germination solution obtained from the fermentation treatment of willow twigs. However, the specific processing technology and key parameters for efficiently and stably preparing a fermentation solution of willow twigs with good germination effect are not yet clear. This may lead to unstable content of active ingredients in the germination solution, thereby affecting the uniformity and reliability of the germination effect.
[0043] In response, this application further proposes a method for treating the germination solution, which includes the following steps: S31. Raw material processing: Collect tender willow branches, peel off their fresh bark, wash them, and cut them into small sections. S32. Fermentation treatment: Mix small pieces of fresh bark from tender willow branches with water, add fermentation aids, adjust the pH to acidic, and ferment at 25-35℃ to obtain fermentation liquid; the fermentation aids are microbial agents and / or enzyme preparations that can decompose plant cell walls. S33. Post-treatment: The fermentation broth is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain a sprouting and rooting solution.
[0044] In the above processing method, the raw material treatment in step S31 aims to obtain effective components rich in plant growth regulators. Young willow branches are collected, typically selecting vigorous, disease-free, current-year or one- to two-year-old branches to ensure a high content of active ingredients. The bark is peeled off because willow bark, especially the bark and cambium of young branches, is rich in natural plant growth hormones such as salicylic acid and indolebutyric acid, as well as their precursors. Peeling the bark effectively concentrates these active ingredients, avoiding interference from ineffective components such as xylem. After washing, the branches are cut into small sections to increase the surface area during subsequent fermentation, facilitating the full release of active substances and contact with microorganisms. The length of the cut sections is typically controlled between 1 and 3 centimeters.
[0045] Step S32, fermentation, is the core step in preparing the germination broth. Small pieces of fresh bark from treated willow twigs are mixed with water to provide the necessary liquid environment for fermentation. Adding fermentation aids is crucial; these aids are microbial agents and / or enzyme preparations capable of decomposing plant cell walls. Microbial agents can include lactic acid bacteria, yeast, Bacillus, etc., which produce various enzymes through their metabolic activities, synergistically decomposing plant cell walls and promoting the release of intracellular contents. Enzyme preparations can be added directly, such as cellulase, pectinase, hemicellulase, etc. These enzymes can efficiently degrade the main components of plant cell walls, thereby accelerating the dissolution of active substances. Adjusting the pH to acidic, typically between pH 4.0 and 6.0, provides a suitable environment for the activity of most fermenting microorganisms and enzymes, while also facilitating the stable presence and extraction of certain acidic plant hormones. Fermentation is carried out within a temperature range of 25-35℃, which is the optimal temperature range for microbial and enzyme activity, ensuring efficient fermentation, promoting the full release and transformation of active substances, and ultimately yielding a fermentation broth with germination-promoting activity. The fermentation process can be carried out in a closed or semi-closed container, and can be stirred regularly to promote uniform fermentation. The fermentation time is generally 7-15 days.
[0046] The post-treatment in step S33 aims to obtain a pure and easy-to-use germination and rooting solution. Solid-liquid separation of the fermentation broth effectively removes solid impurities such as fermentation residue and microbial cells. Solid-liquid separation methods can employ techniques such as filtration, centrifugation, or sedimentation. For example, multiple layers of gauze, filter screens, or specialized filtration equipment can be used to obtain a clear liquid. This step not only improves the purity of the germination solution, avoiding the impact of impurities on the germination effect, but also facilitates subsequent storage and application; for example, it prevents equipment clogging when applied via spraying or watering.
[0047] The above technical solution details the preparation process of the germination broth, from the refined processing of raw materials and the control of fermentation conditions to the final solid-liquid separation, ensuring the effective extraction and stable presence of active ingredients in the germination broth. Specifically, collecting tender willow branches and peeling off the fresh bark enriches plant growth regulators; by adding fermentation aids and adjusting pH and temperature during fermentation, plant cell walls are efficiently decomposed, promoting the release and transformation of endogenous hormones and other bioactive substances, thereby significantly improving the bioactivity and stability of the germination broth. The final solid-liquid separation step ensures the purity of the germination broth, avoiding the influence of impurities on the germination effect and facilitating subsequent applications. Therefore, this solution provides a method for preparing a stable and highly active germination broth, effectively solving the problem of uneven germination effects caused by unstable germination broth quality. This provides a reliable guarantee for the large-scale and standardized germination of Angelica dahurica roots, promoting the improvement of root germination rate and quality.
[0048] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, the ambient temperature needs to be controlled at 15-28℃ and the substrate needs to be kept moist during the germination process. However, in actual operation, simply keeping the substrate moist may not be sufficient to maintain the stable microenvironment required for the germination of the seed root segments, and a wide temperature range may lead to poor germination efficiency and uniformity, or even increase the risk of pathogen growth, thereby affecting the germination effect.
[0049] In this regard, this application further proposes that during the germination process, the ambient temperature should be controlled at 18-25℃ and the relative humidity at 70-90%.
[0050] Specifically, this ambient temperature range was optimized and selected based on the physiological characteristics and germination requirements of the rootstock of *Peucedanum praeruptorum*. Compared to a wider temperature range, 18-25℃ provides a more stable and suitable environment for enzyme activity and cell metabolism in the rootstock segments, thereby effectively promoting the activation and growth of dormant buds within the segments, accelerating the germination rate of new shoots, and improving the uniformity of germination. In practice, precise temperature control can be achieved through greenhouses, seedling rooms, or germination chambers equipped with temperature sensors and automatic control devices. For example, heating rods, air conditioning, or ventilation systems can be used to ensure that the ambient temperature around the germination bed is always maintained within this optimized range.
[0051] Meanwhile, relative humidity is a key factor affecting water transpiration from the root segments and moisture retention in the substrate. Maintaining relative humidity within the range of 70-90% effectively reduces water evaporation from the root segments and substrate surface, ensuring sufficient water supply for the root segments during germination and preventing germination stagnation or withering of new shoots due to water loss. Furthermore, this humidity range avoids the potential for anaerobic environments or the growth of pathogenic microorganisms (such as mold and rot fungi) that can result from excessively high humidity (e.g., above 90%), providing a moist yet hygienic germination environment for the root segments. This humidity control can be achieved by using industrial humidifiers, spray systems, covering the germination bed with a breathable film, or regularly misting the germination space.
[0052] By precisely controlling the ambient temperature during the germination process to 18-25℃ and simultaneously maintaining the relative humidity within an optimized range of 70-90%, this application provides a more stable, suitable, and controlled microenvironment for the germination of Peucedanum praeruptorum root segments. This refined temperature and humidity management not only significantly improves the germination rate and speed of the root segments, ensuring stronger and more uniform growth of new shoots, but also effectively reduces the risk of pests and diseases caused by unsuitable environmental conditions, and minimizes root segment rot and loss. Therefore, this method can significantly improve the success rate and efficiency of Peucedanum praeruptorum root germination, laying a solid foundation for subsequent transplanting and growth.
[0053] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, a method is proposed for germinating root segments of Angelica dahurica by mixing them with a substrate and piling them into a germination bed. However, in actual operation, if the size of the germination bed, especially its width, is not properly designed, it may lead to uneven distribution of the internal environment (such as temperature and humidity), affecting the germination rate and uniformity of the root segments. It will also cause inconvenience to subsequent watering, inspection and other management work, and reduce operational efficiency.
[0054] In this regard, this application further proposes that in step S2, the width of the germination bed is 80-150 cm. The width of the germination bed refers to its dimension in the horizontal direction, perpendicular to its length. Limiting the width of the germination bed to the range of 80-150 cm aims to optimize environmental control and operational convenience during the germination process. For example, when the width is 80 cm, the germination bed occupies a relatively small area, suitable for spaces with limited space, while also facilitating management from both sides by operators. When the width is 150 cm, it maximizes the germination rate per unit area while ensuring that operators can effectively access the central area of the germination bed, thereby improving production efficiency. This width range ensures that the temperature, humidity, and liquid distribution inside the germination bed remain relatively uniform, avoiding difficulties in managing the central area or environmental imbalance due to excessive width, and also avoiding reduced space utilization due to excessive narrowness.
[0055] By limiting the width of the germination bed to within the range of 80-150 cm, this application effectively solves the problems of uneven environment and inconvenient operation caused by improper germination bed size. This width range allows operators to easily water, inspect, and maintain the germination bed, ensuring that the germination solution and supplementary liquid can penetrate evenly throughout the substrate, thereby guaranteeing consistent temperature and humidity conditions inside the germination bed. This not only improves the uniformity and efficiency of the germination process, helping to increase the overall germination rate and quality of the root segments of *Angelica dahurica*, but also optimizes space utilization, making germination operations more efficient and easier to manage.
[0056] In the above-mentioned germination methods, the quality of the root segments of *Angelica dahurica* directly affects the success rate and efficiency of germination. Using unselected and untreated root segments directly for germination may lead to uneven germination, disease spread, or low germination rates, thus affecting subsequent planting results and yield. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the root segments to improve the overall performance of germination.
[0057] In this regard, this application further proposes a pretreatment step for the root segments before mixing them with a loose, well-aerated substrate at a volume ratio of 1:(4-8) in step S1. This pretreatment step aims to optimize the physiological state and health of the root segments, providing high-quality starting material for the subsequent germination process. Pretreatment removes unsuitable root segments and reduces the risk of pathogen infection, thereby improving the success rate and uniformity of germination. Pretreatment is typically performed after the root segments have been separated from the mother plant and cut into segments, and before mixing them with the substrate.
[0058] Specifically, this pretreatment step involves selecting healthy root segments with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm, a length of 5-8 cm, and 1-2 buds, and disinfecting the cut surfaces. Selecting root segments of moderate diameter (0.5-1.5 cm) ensures sufficient internal nutrient reserves for early budding, while avoiding the potential nutrient deficiency or low physiological activity of excessively thick or thin segments. A length of 5-8 cm facilitates handling and ensures each segment has ample growth space and nutrient reserves. Having 1-2 buds is crucial for ensuring the root segment's germination potential; buds are the plant's growth points and the starting point for new shoots. Selecting "healthy" root segments means removing those with pests, diseases, rot, damage, or physiological abnormalities to prevent disease spread and ensure viability. Furthermore, the fresh cuts created during the cutting process are potential pathways for pathogenic microorganisms, easily leading to rot or infection and affecting germination. Disinfection aims to kill or inhibit pathogens at the cut site, protecting the root segment from infection. Common disinfection methods include soaking or applying diluted potassium permanganate solution, carbendazim solution, thiophanate-methyl solution, or other plant-specific disinfectants. After treatment, the cut surface usually needs to be dried.
[0059] By adding a pretreatment step to the root segments before mixing them with a loose and breathable substrate, the overall germination effect can be significantly improved. Specifically, by selecting healthy root segments that meet specific standards in terms of diameter, length, and number of buds, it is ensured that the root segments used for germination have good physiological activity and sufficient nutrient reserves, laying a solid foundation for the germination of new shoots. At the same time, disinfecting the cut surfaces of the root segments effectively prevents pathogens from entering through the cut surfaces, reducing the risk of rotting or infection during the germination process, thus ensuring the health of the root segments. This pretreatment measure optimizes the quality of the germination material from the source, enabling the subsequent germination process to proceed more efficiently and stably, ultimately improving the overall germination rate and uniformity of the root segments, providing a reliable seedling guarantee for the large-scale cultivation of Peucedanum praeruptorum.
[0060] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, a technical solution is proposed to promote the germination of Angelica dahurica root segments by controlling temperature, humidity, and nutrient supply. However, in the process of implementation, if the root segments are kept in complete darkness or insufficient light for a long period of time during the germination cycle, the newly germinated buds may exhibit excessive growth, characterized by thin and weak stems, elongated internodes, and yellowing leaves, thereby reducing the stress resistance of the buds and hindering their subsequent transplant survival and healthy growth.
[0061] In this regard, this application further proposes that, during the germination process in step S4 above, 4-6 hours of diffused light should be provided daily in the later stages of germination. The "late stages of germination" refers to the stage after a period of germination treatment, when most of the root segments of *Angelica dahurica* have sprouted new buds, and these buds have a certain foundation for growth. At this stage, the physiological activities of the young buds gradually become more active, and their need for light begins to emerge to promote photosynthesis and morphogenesis. "Providing 4-6 hours of diffused light daily" means using diffused or shaded indirect light, with a relatively gentle intensity that avoids scorching the tender new buds while providing sufficient light energy to promote photosynthesis. The 4-6 hours of light duration daily aims to simulate the photoperiod required for plant growth in nature, meeting the needs of the young buds for photosynthesis and dry matter accumulation while avoiding the negative effects of prolonged strong light, thus contributing to the robust growth and morphogenesis of the young buds. Methods to achieve diffused lighting include, but are not limited to, using shade nets, greenhouse roofs with good light transmission, or artificial light sources (such as LED plant growth lights) in conjunction with diffuser panels.
[0062] By introducing diffused light at the appropriate time during the later stages of germination using the above-mentioned technical solution, the excessive growth of young shoots caused by prolonged darkness or insufficient light can be effectively avoided. Diffuse light promotes photosynthesis in young shoots, enabling them to synthesize more organic matter, resulting in stronger shoots, more expansive leaves, and a more vibrant green color. This moderate light stimulation helps the lignification process of young shoots, enhances the toughness and lodging resistance of their stems, and also promotes further root development, improving the overall vitality and stress resistance of the young shoots. Therefore, young shoots sprouting from root segments treated in this way can adapt to the external environment more quickly after transplanting, significantly improving the transplant survival rate and subsequent growth momentum.
[0063] In some embodiments described above, the germination method for Peucedanum praeruptorum roots requires regular replenishment of liquid during the germination process to maintain substrate moisture and provide necessary nutrients. However, simply replenishing with germination solution may lead to overstimulation of the roots or accumulation of certain components in the substrate, which in the long run is detrimental to the healthy growth of the roots and their subsequent transplant adaptability. Therefore, how to scientifically and rationally replenish the liquid to ensure that the roots receive balanced growth conditions during germination is an issue that needs further consideration.
[0064] In this regard, this application further proposes a specific method for "replenishing liquid once" during the germination process in step S4. Specifically, the method of replenishing liquid can be to alternately replenish the germination solution and water, or to replenish water once after every two replenishments of the germination solution.
[0065] The germination-promoting solution is obtained by fermenting willow twigs according to other embodiments of this application, and contains active substances that promote root and germination. The water is mainly used to provide moisture, dilute any substances that may accumulate in the substrate, and provide a relatively mild growth environment for the seed roots.
[0066] When alternating the use of the germination solution and water, for example, using the germination solution for the first replenishment, water for the second, and the germination solution again for the third, and so on, this method aims to balance the germination-promoting effect of the germination solution with the environmental regulating effect of water, avoiding the potential negative impacts of long-term use of a single solution.
[0067] When the method of adding water after every two additions of the germination-promoting solution is adopted, for example, germination-promoting solution is used for the first and second additions, water is used for the third addition, germination-promoting solution is used again for the fourth and fifth additions, water is used again for the sixth addition, and so on. This replenishment pattern maintains the continuous stimulating effect of the germination-promoting solution while rinsing the substrate and regulating the osmotic pressure by regularly adding water, and provides a buffer period for the seed roots.
[0068] By employing the aforementioned technical solution, alternating the replenishment of germination solution and water during the germination process, or replenishing at a specific frequency (e.g., replenishing with water once after every two replenishments of germination solution), the root's demand for growth stimulation and environmental regulation can be effectively balanced. This replenishment method avoids the potential for overstimulation or accumulation of certain components in the substrate due to prolonged use of a single liquid, thereby reducing the physiological stress on the root. Water dilutes any excess active substances in the substrate and provides pure moisture, while the germination solution continuously provides growth-promoting factors. This strategy ensures that the root receives balanced growth conditions throughout the germination cycle, promoting healthy bud sprouting and robust root development, resulting in stronger and more adaptable seedlings for subsequent transplanting.
[0069] In some embodiments described above in this application, a method for germinating Peucedanum praeruptorum rootlets before planting is proposed. This method aims to promote the germination of new shoots from Peucedanum praeruptorum rootlets by controlling conditions such as substrate, temperature, humidity, and liquid replenishment. However, after successful germination, the emerging shoots are usually quite tender and sensitive to environmental changes. If these tender rootlet segments are directly transplanted to the field, they may suffer physiological stress due to their inability to adapt to drastic changes in the external environment, resulting in a reduced transplant survival rate and affecting subsequent growth and yield.
[0070] In this regard, this application further proposes that after step S5 and before transplanting, a hardening-off step is also included: gradually removing the covering, increasing ventilation and light intensity, for 3-5 days.
[0071] Hardening off refers to the process of gradually altering environmental conditions before transplanting plant seedlings or saplings to adapt them to the external natural environment and enhance their resistance to adverse conditions (such as drought, cold, and pests). The aim is to allow the tender buds and roots to gradually adapt to a harsher external environment, reducing physiological stress after transplanting and improving survival rate and growth vigor. This step typically involves the gradual adjustment of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, light, and ventilation. By simulating the environmental conditions after transplanting, it promotes thickening of the cell walls of young buds, development of the leaf cuticle, and stronger root growth, thereby improving their tolerance to changes in the external environment.
[0072] During the germination process, to maintain stable temperature and humidity, a covering (such as plastic film or a damp cloth) is usually used to cover the germination bed. The "gradual removal of the covering" in the hardening-off step aims to gradually reduce the humidity inside the germination bed and increase air exchange with the external environment, allowing the seedlings to gradually adapt to lower humidity and greater airflow. This gradual approach avoids the shock of drastic changes in environmental conditions to the seedlings and helps their physiological functions transition smoothly. For example, small holes can be made in the covering initially, or a portion can be removed at specific times each day, and then gradually removed completely.
[0073] Simultaneously, increasing ventilation and light intensity are crucial steps in the hardening-off process. During the germination stage, high humidity and low airflow are typically maintained to facilitate sprouting. Increased ventilation during hardening promotes transpiration in the young shoots, enhances their water metabolism, and helps reduce the risk of disease. Ventilation can be achieved by opening windows in the greenhouse or germination area, using fans, or simply removing the covering. Furthermore, the germination stage may involve weak light or darkness. Increasing light intensity, especially diffused light, during hardening promotes photosynthesis in the young shoots, allowing them to accumulate more dry matter, strengthening the stems and leaves, and promoting chlorophyll formation, resulting in deeper, stronger shoots. The increase in light intensity should be gradual to avoid scorching from direct sunlight; for example, start with diffused light and gradually increase the duration or intensity of light.
[0074] The hardening-off process should last 3-5 days. This timeframe is empirically determined based on the physiological characteristics of the young shoots of *Peucedanum praeruptorum* and the time required for them to adapt to their environment. Too short a hardening-off period may result in the shoots not adapting sufficiently and remaining vulnerable to damage after transplanting; too long a hardening-off period may delay transplanting and increase management costs. During this period, close observation of the shoot growth is necessary to ensure they successfully complete the physiological adaptation process.
[0075] The above technical solution introduces a hardening-off process after successful germination and before transplanting. Specifically, this involves gradually removing the covering, increasing ventilation and light intensity, and continuing this process for 3-5 days. This allows the young shoots emerging from the roots of *Angelica dahurica* to gradually adapt to external environmental conditions. During the germination stage, the young shoots grow in a relatively stable and humid environment, and their tissues are relatively tender, making them less resistant to changes in the external environment. The hardening-off process simulates the environmental changes after transplanting, prompting adaptive adjustments to the physiological structure and function of the young shoots. For example, it enhances cell wall toughness, improves the ability to control water loss, and promotes increased photosynthetic efficiency. This gradual environmental adaptation process significantly reduces the physiological stress and damage that young shoots may suffer during transplanting, thereby effectively improving the survival rate after transplanting and promoting rapid recovery and robust growth of young shoots in the field environment. This lays a solid foundation for subsequent field management and ultimately, yield.
[0076] The following example will provide a more detailed explanation of the above technical solution: User A plans to plant *Angelica dahurica* (a type of angelica root) on a certain plot of land to obtain medicinal herbs. The soil conditions on this plot are complex, and seasonal droughts occur. Previously, directly planting unsprouted root segments in the field often resulted in uneven germination, low survival rates, and weak seedling resistance. To solve these problems, User A adopted a method for pre-germinating *Angelica dahurica* root segments before planting.
[0077] First, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, User A pre-treated the root segments of Peucedanum praeruptorum by selecting root segments with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm, a length of 5-8 cm, and 1-2 buds from healthy Peucedanum praeruptorum roots. The cut surfaces of these root segments were disinfected to prevent bacterial infection and ensure the health of the root segments, providing high-quality starting material for the subsequent germination process.
[0078] Next, as Figure 4 As shown, User A mixes pretreated root segments of *Angelica dahurica* with a loose, well-aerated substrate. In this example, the volume ratio of root segments to substrate is set at 1:5. The selected substrate is a mixture of fine soil, river sand, and perlite. This mixed substrate has good air permeability and water retention, providing a suitable environment for the respiration and water absorption of the root segments, and avoiding germination difficulties or rot caused by substrate compaction.
[0079] User A then piled the mixed mixture into a germination bed with a height of 20 cm and a width of 100 cm. The structural design of the germination bed ensures good internal ventilation while facilitating subsequent operation and management, avoiding uneven internal temperature or poor ventilation caused by excessive height or width.
[0080] After the germination bed was prepared, User A thoroughly poured the germination solution into it. This germination solution was obtained through fermentation of willow twigs. The specific preparation process included: S31. Raw material processing: Collect fresh willow twigs, peel off their fresh bark, wash them, and cut them into small sections of 2-3 cm.
[0081] S32. Fermentation Treatment: Mix small pieces of fresh willow bark with water in a certain proportion, add a microbial agent that can decompose plant cell walls, adjust the pH to acidic (e.g., pH 4.5-5.5), and then ferment at 28℃ for about 72 hours to obtain a fermentation liquid. The addition of the microbial agent accelerates the release of active substances in the willow twigs, which promote rooting and budding.
[0082] S33. Post-treatment: The fermentation broth is subjected to solid-liquid separation to remove solid residues and obtain a clear germination and rooting solution.
[0083] Thoroughly water the germination bed with this germination and rooting solution, allowing the root segments to fully absorb its active ingredients. These active ingredients effectively stimulate cell division and growth in the root segments, promoting bud emergence and laying the foundation for rapid and uniform sprouting. Compared to using plain water, this germination solution enhances the germination vitality and initial growth vigor of the root segments.
[0084] During the germination process, User A strictly controlled the environmental conditions. The ambient temperature was maintained at 20℃, and the relative humidity was kept at 80%. These temperature and humidity conditions simulated the natural environment for the germination of Peucedanum praeruptorum seeds, avoiding the inhibitory effect of excessively high or low temperatures on germination, while the appropriate humidity prevented the seed root segments from losing water.
[0085] User A kept the substrate consistently moist and replenished the liquid every three days. The strategy for replenishing the liquid was to alternate between germination solution and water; that is, the first replenishment was with germination solution, the second with water, and the third with germination solution again, and so on. This alternating replenishment method ensured a continuous supply of nutrients while avoiding the salt accumulation or nutrient overload that could be caused by a single liquid.
[0086] During the later stages of germination, when most of the root segments have begun to sprout new buds, User A provides 4 hours of diffused light daily. Diffuse light helps the young buds to perform photosynthesis, promotes chlorophyll formation, makes the young buds grow strong, provides energy reserves for rapid adaptation to the environment after transplanting, and enhances the seedlings' resistance to adverse conditions.
[0087] User A maintained good ventilation throughout the germination process to prevent the growth of pathogens and localized high temperature and humidity. Through regular checks, the germination process was considered complete when more than 70% of the root segments had sprouted new shoots. At this point, the new shoots were growing uniformly with well-developed root systems, fully preparing them for subsequent transplanting.
[0088] After germination but before transplanting, User A conducted a hardening-off process. User A gradually removed the covering from the germination bed, progressively increasing ventilation and light intensity over three days. This hardening-off process allowed the seedlings to gradually adapt to changes in the external environment, enhancing their tolerance to light, temperature, and humidity, and improving their survival rate and stress resistance after transplanting to the field. Compared to seedlings that had not undergone hardening-off, the hardened seedlings exhibited stronger adaptability and a lower mortality rate after transplanting.
[0089] To scientifically verify the effectiveness of the technical solution in this embodiment, the applicant designed the following comparative experiment. All experiments were conducted within the same time period and from the same batch of Angelica dahurica roots to control variables to the greatest extent possible. Details are as follows: Materials and Methods: Roots: Select healthy Peucedanum praeruptorum roots from a uniform source, cut them into 6cm segments, for a total of 1800 segments.
[0090] Grouping: The participants were randomly divided into an experimental group (the method of this invention) and a control group (traditional direct planting), with 900 segments in each group and 3 replicates (i.e., 300 segments per replicate).
[0091] Experimental group treatment: According to the method of this invention, the seed roots and substrate (garden soil: river sand = 1:1) were mixed at a ratio of 1:5 and piled up (20cm high). The germination solution of this invention was used, and the temperature was controlled at 20-25℃ and the humidity at 75-85% for 25 days.
[0092] Control group treatment: After disinfection, the seed roots were directly planted on the ridges of the standard experimental field.
[0093] After transplanting, both groups were managed under the same field conditions.
[0094] result: Conclusion: The method of this invention is significantly superior to the traditional direct planting method in all key indicators.
[0095] The above description describes specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for germinating rootlets of Peucedanum praeruptorum before planting, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Mix the root segments of Peucedanum praeruptorum with a loose and breathable substrate at a volume ratio of 1:(4-8) and stir well; S2. Pile the mixed mixture into a germination bed with a height of 15-30 cm; S3. Thoroughly pour the germination solution into the germination bed; S4. During the germination process, control the ambient temperature at 15-28℃ and keep the substrate moist, replenishing the liquid every 2-4 days; S5. Maintain ventilation until more than 70% of the root segments sprout new buds.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the volume ratio of the seed root segment to the substrate is 1:5; the substrate is one or more of the following: fine soil, river sand, perlite, vermiculite, or coconut coir.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step S3, the bud-promoting solution is obtained by fermenting willow twigs.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for processing the germination solution includes: S31, raw material processing: collecting tender willow branches, peeling off their fresh bark, washing them, and cutting them into small sections; S32. Fermentation treatment: Mix small pieces of fresh bark from tender willow branches with water, add fermentation aids, adjust the pH to acidic, and ferment at 25-35℃ to obtain fermentation liquid; the fermentation aids are microbial agents and / or enzyme preparations that can decompose plant cell walls. S33. Post-treatment: The fermentation broth is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain a sprouting and rooting solution.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the ambient temperature is controlled at 18-25℃ and the relative humidity is controlled at 70-90%.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the width of the germination bed is 80-150 cm.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before step S1, a pretreatment step for the root segment is also included: selecting healthy root segments with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm, a length of 5-8 cm and 1-2 buds, and disinfecting the cut.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the germination process in step S4, provide 4-6 hours of diffused light daily in the later stages of germination.
9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The "replenishing liquid once" mentioned in step S4 means: alternately replenishing the germination solution and water, or replenishing water once after every two replenishments of germination solution.
10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After step S5 and before transplanting, there is also a hardening-off step: gradually remove the covering, increase ventilation and light intensity, and continue for 3-5 days.