Active chip breaking device integrating position adjustment and chip grabbing and cutting

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a cutting chip breaking device with active power. Comprising an upper shell, a lower shell, a direct-current speed regulating motor, a cutting cutter beating disc, a sawtooth cross grabbing rod, a sawtooth cantilever, a cutter rest, a turning tool, a protective cover, a base and a pyramid guide block, the direct-current speed regulating motor is installed on a fixing frame, and the device is composed of a speed changing unit, a position adjusting unit and a chip breaking unit. The position of the left-right sliding mechanism is adjusted through a guide rail-gear rack mechanism, and the grabbing and chip breaking unit is composed of sawteeth and a cutting and beating cutter disc. Adjustment is carried out according to different cutter angles and cutting dosages, meanwhile, through the design of the gear, the rack, the guide rail and the guide block, the rotating position is adjusted in time, and left-right movement is carried out. Through integration of the units, the chip breaker can adapt to different working conditions, and the chip breaking efficiency and reliability are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining, specifically a cutting chip breaking device with active power. Background Technology

[0002] Turning, as a core process in mechanical manufacturing, requires proper chip breaking. Two main types of hazardous chips are generated during the cutting process: fraying chips, due to their kinetic energy splashing, can easily cause mechanical injury to personnel and accelerate the wear of machine tool guideways; and entangled chips, whose unstable flow is mainly caused by fluctuations in cutting force, uneven cutting temperature, and changes in the tool-chip contact state, resulting in irregular chip shapes and disordered trajectories. These chips easily entangle the tool or workpiece, causing machining vibration, surface quality deterioration, and abnormal tool wear. The low-density accumulation formed by both types of chips significantly increases waste chip disposal costs.

[0003] Current mainstream geometric constraint-based chip breaking technologies (such as chip breaker structures) have inherent limitations: their passive working principle makes it difficult to dynamically adapt to changes in tool angle and adjustments in cutting parameters, leading to reduced chip breaking efficiency. Especially in the finishing stage, the insufficient chip breaking stability of traditional devices has become a key bottleneck restricting the improvement of machining quality. Newer methods such as vibration and high-pressure fluid chip breaking are overly complex, and improper use can reduce the surface quality of the workpiece after cutting; while the most reliable method, adjusting cutting parameters, requires significant manpower, resources, and time, resulting in low efficiency. In externally powered active chip breaking devices, chip gripping is the core component. Precise gripping ensures effective triggering of the chip breaking action, preventing ribbon-like chips from becoming entangled in the tool or workpiece due to uncontrolled flow, reducing machining risks. Stable gripping, combined with the device's power output, breaks and discharges chips along a predetermined trajectory, ensuring continuous operation of the machining system, improving tool life and workpiece surface quality, and is a key prerequisite for achieving efficient and safe cutting. Addressing these chip breaking problems necessitates the design of chip breaking devices that integrate gripping and cutting functions to improve machining efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a safe, reliable, efficient, and easy-to-use chip-breaking device for turning that can adapt to different tool angles and cutting parameters, can be adjusted left and right, and has a wide range of applications. Specifically, it is a chip-breaking device with external power.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a cutting chip breaking device with active power, comprising an upper housing, a lower housing, a DC speed-regulating motor, a chip breaking disc, a tool holder, a lathe tool, a protective cover, a base, and a guide block. The DC speed-regulating motor is mounted on the upper housing and is connected to the chip breaking disc through a transmission structure. The three-sided milling cutter is provided with a protective cover on its outer side and has a serrated chip grabber. The lower housing is mounted on the tool holder. The side of the lathe tool is fixed to the base by a base bolt. The upper surface of the base is provided with a threaded hole. One end of the guide stud is placed in the threaded hole. The guide block with an internal guide groove is installed in the guide groove of the lathe base. The inclined guide block can move up and down and rotate along the guide groove. The inclined guide block is located below the chip breaking disc.

[0006] The sliding plate and the cross-shaped serrated blade in this invention are both made of transparent acrylic sheets. The sliding plate allows for easy observation of the interior of the position adjustment unit to check for oil stains, facilitating maintenance. The cross-shaped serrated blade is used to reduce weight.

[0007] The transmission unit is characterized in that the gear ratio between the input shaft driving bevel gear (19) and the upper transmission gear (10) is 1:2, and the gear ratio between the lower transmission gear (13) and the reverse sawtooth cantilever output gear (14) is... The ratio is 1:1.5, resulting in a two-stage transmission with a ratio of 1:3.

[0008] The left and right moving device of the present invention realizes the left and right moving function by forming a transmission mechanism consisting of a guide rail (3), a guide block (2), a gear (27) and a rack (26); wherein the fixed plate (1) is fixedly installed on the tool holder, the rack (26) is arranged parallel to the guide rail (3) and fixed on the surface of the fixed plate (1), the guide block (2) is slidably engaged with the guide rail (3), the DC speed regulating motor (30) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (1) through the motor fixing bracket (29), and its output end is connected to the gear (27) for transmission. The gear (27) and the rack (26) mesh to form a gear and rack transmission pair; the gear (27) is synchronously connected to the knob (28) to realize manual left and right movement adjustment, and the sliding plate (33) covers the moving area of ​​the guide rail (3), the rack (26) and the gear (27), and moves synchronously with the left and right sliding of the guide block (2). Through the shielding and protective structure of the sliding plate (33), oil and debris are effectively prevented from entering the transmission mechanism and causing blockage or damage, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the device.

[0009] The transmission structure of the speed change unit of the present invention consists of five gears. The input shaft driving bevel gear (19) cooperates with the upper speed change gear (10) to reduce speed. The upper speed change gear (10) is connected to the lower speed change gear (13) below through the upper transmission shaft (37). The lower speed change gear (13) meshes with the reverse sawtooth cantilever output gear (14) to form a two-stage speed change. At the same time, the upper speed change gear (10) also meshes with the driven bevel gear of the output shaft to transmit the original speed, thereby transmitting the motor power to the two output shafts (17, 18). This design enables the two output shafts (17, 18) to have both speed change function and forward and reverse rotation characteristics, satisfying the gripping and cutting chip capabilities.

[0010] The chip breaking unit of the present invention has a guide block (8) with an inclined plane, which can guide the chip flow to a specific position in the cutter head of the gripper for cutting; the chip breaking unit consists of a cross-toothed blade (21) with a gripping sawtooth cantilever (22) and a cutting blade disc (20). The cross-toothed blade (21) and the cutting blade disc (20) are powered by a transmission structure and can be adjusted by the guide block below and the aforementioned position adjustment unit. The cross-toothed blade (21) is used to grip the chips, and the cutting blade disc (20) is used to cut the chips. In addition, the protective cover (25) provides protection during the cutting process to prevent chip splashing and other situations, and ensures the stability and safety of the entire chip breaking process.

[0011] This design utilizes a knob design in the position adjustment unit, combining fine adjustment with stability, allowing for precise left-right adjustments while ensuring the device's structural reliability and stability. It enables left-right adjustments within 300mm on the designed guide rail, as well as a series of millimeter-level adjustments.

[0012] The cutting disc in this design is a 6-flute disc. This design ensures that the disc can perform cutting effectively while maintaining a lightweight structure, thus ensuring continuous and effective cutting.

[0013] The bottom of the lower housing has eight threaded through holes for connection with the mounting bracket, ensuring the stability of the device.

[0014] The aforementioned inclined guide block has a chip-guiding rounded corner transition structure on surface A. This structure guides the chips to be discharged in a specific direction through an asymmetrical curved surface design, effectively preventing chips from getting stuck in the guide block.

[0015] The transmission structure includes a rotary cutting device and a reverse-rotating sawtooth cantilever gripping device, which can improve the gripping effect.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The present invention uses a speed-regulating DC motor to provide gripping and cutting power. Compared with the traditional passive chip breaking method, it can achieve better chip breaking effect at different speeds by adjusting the motor speed and using a cross-tooth blade that rotates in the opposite direction to grip.

[0018] (2) In this invention, a movable slider guide rail, saw teeth and gear mechanism are designed to allow manual adjustment of various positions during cutting to adapt to different cutting environments.

[0019] (3) In this invention, a mechanism was designed, referencing the barbed tentacles of squid and the serrated blades in nature, and a mechanism for moving a slider and rotating a serrated arm to grasp and cut was added, which can achieve effective grasping of chips.

[0020] (4) This design takes into account the impact of debris on the device and makes the device a fully enclosed mechanism, making it reliable and durable while being relatively simple in design and easy to maintain.

[0021] (5) Combining the above (1), (2), (3) and (4), the present invention can be adjusted according to different tool angles and cutting parameters, and can adapt to a wider range of cutting chip breaking situations, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of chip breaking. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 is an assembly diagram of an active chip-breaking device that integrates position adjustment and chip gripping; Figure 2 is an exploded view of an active chip-breaking device that integrates position adjustment and chip gripping. Figure 3 shows the part drawing of the inclined guide block. Figure 4 shows the gearbox gear transmission diagram of an active chip-breaking device that integrates position adjustment and chip gripping. Figure 5 shows a gear and rack transmission mechanism of an active chip-breaking device that integrates position adjustment and chip gripping. Figure 6. Sawtooth gripping rotor with cantilever. Figure 7 shows the overall explosion diagram and labeling of the device components. In the diagram: 1. Fixed plate 2. Guide block 3. Guide rail 4. Lower tool post 5. Tool post telescopic plate 6. Upper tool post 7. Device fixed plate 8. Chip guide block 9. Input power bevel gear and output power bevel gear 10. Upper transmission gear 11. Lower gearbox housing 12. Upper gearbox housing 13. Lower transmission gear 14. Reverse sawtooth cantilever output gear 15. Input shaft bearing 16. Input shaft end 17. Tool holder output shaft 18. Slender output shaft 19. Key 20. Cutting tool holder 21. Cross sawtooth blade 22. Gripping sawtooth cantilever 23. Upper housing bearing 24. Blade fixing screw 25. Protective cover 26. Spur rack 27. Spur gear 28. Moving knob 29. Motor mounting bracket 30. DC speed-regulating motor 31. Lathe tool 32. Sliding fixed protective plate 33. Sliding plate 34. Sliding plate fixing screw 35. Motor bracket fixing screw 36. Housing fixing screw 37. Upper drive shaft Detailed Implementation

[0023] This invention aims to provide a safe, reliable, efficient, and easy-to-use chip-breaking device for turning, adaptable to different tool angles and cutting parameters, adjustable left and right, and widely applicable. Specifically, it is a chip-breaking device with active power. The invention adopts the following structure: A chip-breaking device with active power includes an upper housing, a lower housing, a DC speed-regulating motor, a three-sided cutting disc, a tool holder, a turning tool, a protective cover, a base, and a guide block. The DC speed-regulating motor is mounted on the upper housing and connected to the cutting disc via a transmission structure. The three-sided milling cutter has a protective cover on its outer side and a serrated chip catcher. The lower housing is mounted on the lower side of the upper housing and is mounted on the tool holder. The tool holder also houses the turning tool. The turning tool is fixed to the base by base bolts. The upper surface of the base has threaded holes, and one end of a guide stud is screwed into the threaded holes. The guide block is installed in a guide groove, and the inclined guide block can move up and down and rotate along the guide groove. The inclined guide block is located below the cutting disc.

[0024] The specific implementation structure of the present invention includes a left and right moving device, a speed change unit, and a chip breaking unit: the left and right moving device is fixed to the tool holder by a fixing plate (1), and a sliding pair is formed by a guide rail (3) and a guide block (2). A DC speed-regulating motor (30) drives a gear (27) and a rack (26) to mesh and transmit power. A knob (28) enables manual fine adjustment, and a sliding plate (33) covers and protects the transmission mechanism; the speed change unit reduces speed by a first-stage reduction through an input shaft active bevel gear (19) and an upper speed change gear (10), and then connects a lower speed change gear (13) and a reverse sawtooth cantilever output gear (14) via an upper transmission shaft (37) to form a second-stage speed change. At the same time, the upper speed change gear (10) meshes with the output shaft driven bevel gear (16) to output the original speed, realizing differentiated power transmission between the two output shafts (17, 18); the inclined surface of the guide block (8) of the chip breaking unit guides the chip flow direction, and the cross sawtooth blade (21) (with the output shaft 18) (Connection) grabs the chips, the cutting disc (20) (connected to the output shaft (17)) shears and cuts them, the protective cover (25) protects the chips from splashing, and the chip breaking unit is connected to the left and right moving device through the guide block (2) to achieve position adjustment. The three units work together to achieve precise positioning, power distribution and efficient chip breaking.

[0025] Furthermore, this chip-breaking method utilizes the DC speed-regulating motor to power the secondary cutting and breaking of the chips.

[0026] Furthermore, according to claim 1, the speed of the DC speed-regulating motor can be adjusted, and the length of the chip broken by secondary cutting and breaking can be adjusted and controlled.

[0027] Furthermore, the inclined stop has guide grooves that can be adjusted left and right to obtain the optimal position.

[0028] Furthermore, the saw teeth of the cross-shaped serrated blades grab the chips, while the cantilever can also hook the chips, making it more efficient.

[0029] Furthermore, the position of the aforementioned device can be adjusted using a knob to achieve a suitable cutting position.

[0030] Furthermore, the introduced chips are subjected to secondary cutting and breaking, breaking them into shorter secondary chips.

[0031] like Figure 4As shown, the transmission structure of the speed change unit of the present invention consists of 5 gears. The input shaft driving bevel gear (19) cooperates with the upper speed change gear (10) to reduce speed. The upper speed change gear (10) is connected to the lower speed change gear (13) below through the upper transmission shaft (37). The lower speed change gear (13) meshes with the reverse sawtooth cantilever output gear (14) to form a two-stage speed change. At the same time, the upper speed change gear (10) also meshes with the driven bevel gear of the output shaft to transmit the original speed, thereby transmitting the motor power to the two output shafts (17, 18). This design enables the two output shafts (17, 18) to have both speed change function and forward and reverse rotation characteristics.

[0032] As shown in Figure 5, the guide rail (3) and guide block (2), as well as the rack (26) and spur gear (27) are connected, and the spur gear (27) is connected to the knob. The upper fixed frame (7) is connected to the guide block (2) and spur gear (27). The connection is adjusted by the knob (28).

Claims

1. An active chip-breaking device integrating adjustment and gripping, characterized in that, The gearbox includes a lower gearbox housing (11), an upper gearbox housing (12), a DC speed-regulating motor (30), a cutting tool holder (20), tool posts (4, 5, 6), a lathe tool (31), a protective cover (25), a fixing plate (1), a chip guide block (8), a sawtooth fan blade (21), a guide block (2), and two output shafts (17, 18) of the gearbox; the DC speed-regulating motor (30) is mounted on a motor mounting bracket (29), and the DC speed-regulating motor (30) is connected to the cutting tool holder (20) through a transmission structure; the cutting tool holder (20) 0) A protective cover (25) is provided on the outside; the lower gearbox housing (11) is mounted on the fixed plate (1); a chip guide block (8) is provided behind the cutting tool (31), and the chip guide block (8) is located below the cutting tool holder (20); the device moves left and right by cooperating with the guide block (2) and the guide rail (3), and by meshing the gear (27) and the rack (26). The position is manually adjusted by the knob (28), and the sliding plate (33) is used to block the left and right adjustment; the above device includes a speed change unit, a position adjustment unit and a chip breaking unit.

2. The chip-breaking unit of the integrated gripping and cutting saw arm chip-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide block (8) in the chip breaking unit has an inclined plane for guiding the chip flow to a specific position in the cutter head of the gripper for cutting; the chip breaking unit consists of a cross-tooth blade (21) of the gripping sawtooth cantilever (22) and a cutting disc (20), which are powered by a transmission structure and adjusted by the guide block below and the aforementioned position adjustment unit; the cross-tooth blade (21) and the cutting disc (20) are the main working parts.

3. The speed change unit of the integrated gripping and cutting saw arm chip breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission structure of the aforementioned speed change unit consists of 5 gears. The input shaft driving bevel gear (19) cooperates with the upper speed change gear (10) to reduce speed. The upper speed change gear (10) is connected to the lower speed change gear (13) below through the upper transmission shaft (37). The lower speed change gear (13) meshes with the reverse sawtooth cantilever output gear (14) to form a two-stage speed change. At the same time, the upper speed change gear (10) also meshes with the driven bevel gear of the output shaft to the original speed, thereby transmitting the motor power to the two output shafts (17, 18), so that the two output shafts (17, 18) have the functions of speed change and forward and reverse rotation.

4. The position adjustment unit of the integrated gripping and cutting saw arm chip breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device is relatively heavy and bulky. It moves left and right through a transmission design of guide rail (3), guide block (2), gear (27) and rack (26). The fixed plate (1) is mounted on the tool holder, and the rack (26) and guide rail (3) are mounted on the fixed plate (1). The device is mounted on the fixed plate (1) with spur gear and guide block (2). The DC speed-regulating motor (30) is fixed on the fixed plate (1) and connected to the transmission mechanism through the motor mounting bracket (29). The left and right movement part is adjusted by the knob (28) connected to the spur gear, and is covered by the sliding plate (33) when moving left and right.

5. The chip-breaking unit according to claim 2, characterized in that... The cross-tooth swivel blade (21) is made of acrylic sheet, with serrations covering most of the blade. The gripping serrated cantilever (22) is connected to it by screws. There are four serrated cantilever arms on the cross-tooth swivel blade (21), which are fixed to the blade arm of the cross-tooth swivel blade (21) for rotation.

6. The transmission unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gear ratio of the input shaft driving bevel gear (19) to the upper gear (10) is 1:2, and the gear ratio of the lower gear (13) to the reverse sawtooth cantilever output gear (14) is 1:1.5, forming a two-stage gear ratio of 1:3.

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