Dynamic grain refinement device for high-toughness lightweight gearbox shell casting

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dynamic grain refinement, and discloses a dynamic grain refinement device for a high-toughness lightweight gearbox shell casting, which comprises a base, a guide rail frame is fixedly connected to the top of the base, a bearing frame is slidably connected to the guide rail frame, an amplitude-change pole is mounted on the bearing frame, and a threaded rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the amplitude-change pole. A tool head is installed on the threaded rod, a threaded groove is formed in the top of the tool head, a fastening groove is formed in the bottom of the threaded rod, a sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the fastening groove, an inner rod is slidably connected to an opening in the bottom of the sleeve, the space between the top of the inner rod and the inner top wall of the sleeve is filled with gas, and an expansion frame is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the threaded groove. And the inner walls of the two sides of the expansion opening are fixedly connected with mounting frames, the mounting frames are rotationally connected with connecting plates, and a baffle is rotationally connected between the two connecting plates, and according to the dynamic grain refining device for the high-toughness light-weight gearbox shell casting, the stability and the refining effect of dynamic grain refining are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dynamic grain refinement technology, specifically to a device for dynamic grain refinement of high-strength, tough, and lightweight gearbox housing castings. Background Technology

[0002] The gearbox housing is a key load-bearing component in the automotive powertrain. As a high-strength, tough, and lightweight structural component, the gearbox housing is usually made of aluminum alloy casting. In order to meet its service performance requirements, it is usually necessary to refine the grain structure of the casting. Dynamic grain refinement is a technology that applies a physical external field to intervene in the melt during the solidification process of metal. By breaking dendrites and increasing the number of crystal nuclei, a uniform and refined equiaxed grain structure can be obtained, which is an important means to improve the overall performance of the gearbox housing. There are various ways to refine grains dynamically. Among them, ultrasonic grain refinement is the mainstream method in dynamic refinement technology. Its core device includes a transducer, an amplitude transformer, and a tool head. The transducer converts electrical energy into high-frequency vibration, which is amplified by the amplitude transformer and transmitted to the tool head. The tool head is immersed in the molten metal and uses the cavitation effect of ultrasound to break up dendrites, thereby achieving grain refinement. It is widely used in the casting of aluminum alloy gearbox housings. In existing ultrasonic grain refinement devices, the amplitude transformer and the tool head are usually connected by threads. However, under the action of high-frequency ultrasonic vibration, the threaded connection is subjected to alternating loads and is prone to loosening, which leads to a decrease in energy transfer efficiency. In severe cases, it can even cause the tool head to fall off, affecting production safety and casting quality. To address this, we propose a dynamic grain refinement device for high-strength, tough, and lightweight gearbox housing castings. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dynamic grain refinement device for high-strength, high-toughness, and lightweight gearbox housing castings, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dynamic grain refinement device for a high-strength, tough, and lightweight gearbox housing casting, comprising a base, a guide rail frame fixedly connected to the top of the base, a load-bearing frame slidably connected to the guide rail frame, an amplitude transformer mounted on the load-bearing frame, a transducer fixedly connected to the top of the amplitude transformer, a threaded rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the amplitude transformer, a tool head mounted on the threaded rod, a threaded groove formed on the top of the tool head, the tool head being threadedly connected to the threaded rod through the threaded groove, a fastening groove formed on the bottom of the threaded rod, a sleeve fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the fastening groove, an inner rod slidably connected to the bottom opening of the sleeve, and gas filling the space between the top of the inner rod and the inner top wall of the sleeve; An expansion frame is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the threaded groove. An expansion opening is provided at the top of the expansion frame. The threaded rod is sleeved on the outside of the expansion frame through a fastening groove. Mounting frames are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the expansion opening. A connecting plate is rotatably connected to each mounting frame. A baffle is rotatably connected between the two connecting plates. The baffle is located directly below the inner rod.

[0005] Preferably, the bottom of each mounting bracket is fixedly connected to a limiting plate, the top of the limiting plate is provided with a storage groove, the inner walls of both sides of the storage groove are provided with fixing grooves, a shaft is rotatably connected in each fixing groove, a top plate is fixedly connected between two shafts, the top plate is located in the storage groove, and a torsion spring is fixedly connected between each shaft and the inner wall of the fixing groove on the same side.

[0006] Preferably, the inner rod has a sealing groove, a sealing ring is embedded in the sealing groove, a plurality of air holes are provided in the inner rod to connect the sealing groove and the top space of the inner rod, and a movable ball is embedded in the bottom of the inner rod.

[0007] Preferably, the baffle has several mounting slots on both sides near the connecting plate, and each mounting slot is slidably connected to a limit block. Several springs are fixedly connected between the limit block and the inner wall of the mounting slot.

[0008] Preferably, each of the connecting plates has a limiting arc groove on the side near the baffle, corresponding to the number and position of the mounting slots, and each of the limiting blocks has an arc surface on the side near the limiting arc groove at the corresponding position.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the baffle is provided with a positioning groove, and the bottom of the ball contacts the bottom wall of the positioning groove.

[0010] Preferably, a solution tank containing aluminum alloy solution is placed on the side of the base near the guide rail, and the solution tank is located directly below the tool head.

[0011] Preferably, a flange is fixedly connected to the luffing rod, and the luffing rod is fixed to the load-bearing frame by the flange.

[0012] Preferably, a lead screw is rotatably connected inside the guide rail frame, and the load-bearing frame is threadedly connected to the lead screw.

[0013] Preferably, a motor is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rail frame, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the top end of the lead screw.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention provides a sleeve and an inner rod at the bottom of the threaded rod, with nitrogen filling the sleeve. When the tool head is immersed in the aluminum alloy solution, the heat from the solution is transferred to the sleeve, causing the nitrogen to expand and push the inner rod downwards. The ball bearings at the bottom of the inner rod abut against the positioning groove at the top of the baffle and press the baffle down. The baffle drives the connecting plates on both sides to rotate downwards and unfold. At the same time, the connecting plates drive the expansion openings of the expansion frame to expand outwards, so that the outer wall of the expansion frame presses against the inner wall of the fastening groove, thus achieving automatic locking and fixing of the tool head and the threaded rod. This avoids the problem that the threaded connection between the amplitude transformer and the tool head is prone to loosening under the action of ultrasonic high-frequency vibration, resulting in a decrease in energy transfer efficiency and tool head detachment. It ensures that ultrasonic energy can be stably transferred to the tool head, significantly improving the stability and refinement effect of dynamic grain refinement. 2. This invention, by creating a sealing groove, a sealing ring, and an air hole on the inner rod, allows the gas inside the sleeve to expand under heat and generate high pressure. Due to the limited internal space of the sleeve, the high-pressure gas enters the sealing groove through the air hole and acts on the inner side of the sealing ring. The gas pressure pushes the sealing ring outward, making the outer wall of the sealing ring tightly adhere to the inner wall of the sleeve. The sealing force automatically increases with the increase of gas pressure, effectively preventing the high-pressure gas from escaping from the gap between the sealing ring and the inner wall of the sleeve, and effectively improving the sealing performance between the sleeve and the inner rod. 3. The present invention has a limiting plate at the bottom of the mounting frame, and a top plate is rotatably connected in the storage groove of the limiting plate. When the connecting plate rotates downward and unfolds, the bottom of the connecting plate presses down on the top plate so that it is embedded in the storage groove. At the same time, the limiting plate limits the connecting plate to keep it in a horizontal state. When the inner rod retracts upward, the torsion spring drives the top plate to tilt upward and push the connecting plate upward so that it is folded back. This avoids the problem that the connecting plate cannot automatically reset after locking, and effectively improves the ease of operation of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the amplitude transformer and the tool head of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the threaded rod of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sleeve of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the inner rod of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the tool head of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket and its connecting components of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the limiting plate of the present invention; Figure 9This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connecting plate and baffle of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of area A is shown below; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 8 The diagram shows an enlarged view of area B. Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 9 The diagram shows an enlarged view of region C. Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the expansion frame structure of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Base; 11. Guide rail frame; 12. Load-bearing frame; 13. Lead screw; 14. Motor; 2. Amplifier rod; 21. Flange; 22. Transducer; 3. Threaded rod; 31. Fastening groove; 4. Sleeve; 41. Inner rod; 42. Sealing groove; 43. Sealing ring; 44. Air hole; 45. Ball bearing; 5. Tool head; 51. Threaded groove; 6. Expansion frame; 61. Expansion port; 7. Mounting frame; 71. Connecting plate; 72. Baffle; 73. Positioning groove; 74. Limiting arc groove; 75. Mounting groove; 76. Limiting block; 77. Spring; 8. Limiting plate; 81. Storage groove; 82. Fixing groove; 83. Shaft; 84. Top plate; 85. Torsion spring; 9. Solution tank. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-13This invention provides a technical solution: a dynamic grain refinement device for a high-strength, lightweight gearbox housing casting, comprising a base 1, a guide rail frame 11 fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a load-bearing frame 12 slidably connected to the guide rail frame 11, a lead screw 13 rotatably connected inside the guide rail frame 11, a threaded connection between the load-bearing frame 12 and the lead screw 13, a motor 14 fixedly connected to the top of the guide rail frame 11, the output end of the motor 14 being fixedly connected to the top end of the lead screw 13, and an amplitude transformer 2 mounted on the load-bearing frame 12. A flange 21 is fixedly connected to the amplitude rod 2. The amplitude rod 2 is fixed to the load-bearing frame 12 through the flange 21. A transducer 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the amplitude rod 2. A threaded rod 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the amplitude rod 2. A tool head 5 is installed on the threaded rod 3. A threaded groove 51 is opened on the top of the tool head 5. The tool head 5 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 3 through the threaded groove 51. A solution tank 9 containing aluminum alloy solution is placed on the side of the base 1 near the guide rail frame 11. The solution tank 9 is located directly below the tool head 5.

[0019] Furthermore, during the dynamic grain refinement of the aluminum alloy solution in the high-strength, lightweight gearbox housing casting, the solution tank 9 containing the aluminum alloy solution is first placed on one side of the base 1, with the solution tank 9 positioned directly below the tool head 5. Then, the motor 14 is started, driving the lead screw 13 to rotate. The lead screw 13 drives the support frame 12 to descend along the guide rail frame 11, immersing the tool head 5 into the aluminum alloy solution in the solution tank 9. Subsequently, the transducer 22 is started, generating high-frequency vibrations, which are amplified by the amplitude transformer 2. The ultrasonic energy is then transmitted to the threaded rod 3, and then from the threaded rod 3 to the tool head 5. The tool head 5 transmits the ultrasonic energy into the aluminum alloy solution, using the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves to break up the dendrites in the solidification process of the aluminum alloy, thereby refining the grains. After the refining is completed, the transducer 22 is turned off, the motor 14 is started to reverse, the motor 14 drives the lead screw 13 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the lead screw 13 drives the support frame 12 to rise along the guide rail frame 11, so that the tool head 5 is lifted out of the aluminum alloy solution. Finally, the solution tank 9 is removed, completing the dynamic grain refining operation.

[0020] Combined with appendix Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 10 and Figure 13As shown, a fastening groove 31 is provided at the bottom of the threaded rod 3. A sleeve 4 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the fastening groove 31. An inner rod 41 is slidably connected to the bottom opening of the sleeve 4. The space between the top of the inner rod 41 and the inner top wall of the sleeve 4 is filled with gas. The gas between the inner rod 41 and the inner top wall of the sleeve 4 is nitrogen. Nitrogen is chemically stable and does not react with metals, ensuring that it will not corrode parts or cause gas consumption or deterioration due to chemical reactions. At the same time, nitrogen has the advantages of low thermal expansion coefficient and stable pressure change. A sealing groove 42 is provided on the inner rod 41, and a sealing ring 43 is embedded in the sealing groove 42. Several connection points are provided inside the inner rod 41. The air hole 44 is connected to the sealing groove 42 and the top space of the inner rod 41. The bottom of the inner rod 41 is fitted with a movable ball 45. The inner bottom wall of the threaded groove 51 is fixedly connected to the expansion frame 6. The top of the expansion frame 6 is provided with an expansion opening 61. The threaded rod 3 is sleeved on the outside of the expansion frame 6 through the fastening groove 31. The inner walls on both sides of the expansion opening 61 are fixedly connected to the mounting frame 7. The mounting frame 7 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 71. The two connecting plates 71 are rotatably connected to the baffle 72. The baffle 72 is located directly below the inner rod 41. The top of the baffle 72 is provided with a positioning groove 73. The bottom of the ball 45 is in contact with the inner bottom wall of the positioning groove 73.

[0021] Furthermore, when the tool head 5 is lowered into the aluminum alloy solution along with the support frame 12, the heat of the aluminum alloy solution in the solution tank 9 is transferred to the tool head 5, and then to the threaded rod 3 and the sleeve 4. The nitrogen gas filled in the sleeve 4 expands due to heat, pushing the inner rod 41 to slide downward along the sleeve 4. When the inner rod 41 extends downward, the ball bearing 45 at its bottom abuts into the positioning groove 73 at the top of the baffle 72. At this time, the inner rod 41 and the baffle 72 form an automatic centering structure with spherical contact through the ball bearing 45 and the positioning groove 73, preventing the inner rod 41 from being damaged due to processing errors or installation deviations. Lateral offset ensures that the force applied by the inner rod 41 to the baffle 72 is always perpendicular to the upper surface of the baffle 72, thereby ensuring that the baffle 72 is subjected to uniform force and unfolds smoothly. At the same time, when the inner rod 41 retracts upward, the spherical contact between the self-rotating ball 45 and the positioning groove 73 reduces frictional resistance and facilitates smooth separation. When the inner rod 41 presses down on the baffle 72, the baffle 72, under pressure, drives the connecting plates 71 on both sides to rotate downward around the mounting frame 7, so that the baffle 72 and the connecting plates 71 gradually unfold to a horizontal state. At the same time, the connecting plates 71 drive the expansion frame 6. The expansion port 61 expands outwards on both sides, thereby pressing the outer wall of the expansion frame 6 against the inner wall of the fastening groove 31. During the expansion process of the expansion frame 6, the pressure and friction generated on the inner wall of the fastening groove 31 work together to lock and fix the tool head 5 and the threaded rod 3. At the same time as the inner rod 41 extends, nitrogen gas in the sleeve 4 enters the sealing groove 42 through the air hole 44 on the inner rod 41, pushing the sealing ring 43 to expand outwards, so that the outer wall of the sealing ring 43 is tightly pressed against the inner wall of the sleeve 4, forming a gas pressure-assisted sliding seal, preventing nitrogen gas from leaking out between the inner rod 41 and the sleeve 4. When the refining operation is completed, the tool head 5 rises with the support frame 12 and leaves the aluminum alloy solution. The nitrogen gas in the sleeve 4 cools and contracts, and the inner rod 41 retracts upward under the action of air pressure. The ball 45 disengages from the positioning groove 73. At this time, the baffle 72 loses the pressure applied by the inner rod 41, so the thrust of the connecting plate 71 on the expansion frame 6 disappears. At this time, the two sides of the expansion port 61 of the expansion frame 6 retract inward, releasing the pressure on the inner wall of the thread groove 51, realizing the unlocking of the tool head 5 and the threaded rod 3, which makes it easier to remove the tool head 5 from the threaded rod 3 at the bottom of the amplitude rod 2.

[0022] Combined with appendix Figure 9 and Figure 12 As shown, the baffle 72 has several mounting slots 75 on both sides near the connecting plate 71. Each mounting slot 75 is slidably connected to a limiting block 76. Several springs 77 are fixedly connected between the limiting block 76 and the inner wall of the mounting slot 75. Each connecting plate 71 has a limiting arc groove 74 on the side near the baffle 72, corresponding to the number and position of the mounting slots 75. Each limiting block 76 has an arc surface on the side near the limiting arc groove 74 at the corresponding position.

[0023] Furthermore, in the initial state, the limiting blocks 76 in the mounting grooves 75 on both sides of the baffle 72 are always in contact with the side of the connecting plate 71 under the elastic force of the spring 77. The side of the connecting plate 71 near the baffle 72 is a concave groove with a large arc. When the baffle 72 and the connecting plate 71 rotate relative to each other, the arc surface of the limiting block 76 slides along the large arc groove surface of the connecting plate 71 to reduce frictional resistance and make the rotation process smoother. When the inner rod 41 presses down on the baffle 72, causing the baffle 72 and the connecting plate 71 to unfold to a horizontal state, the arc surface of the limiting block 76 slides into the limiting arc groove 74 on the connecting plate 71. The curvature of the limiting arc groove 74 is adapted to the arc surface of the limiting block 76, forming a limiting fit between the limiting block 76 and the limiting arc groove 74. This limiting fit is used to maintain the horizontal stability of the baffle 72 and the connecting plate 71 when the inner rod 41 experiences slight up-and-down shaking due to pressure fluctuations during gas thermal expansion. This prevents the baffle 72 and the connecting plate 71 from losing their horizontal position due to the slight displacement of the inner rod 41, which would lead to locking failure. The arc surface contact design between the limiting arc groove 74 and the limiting block 76 can guide the limiting block 76 to slide smoothly out of the limiting arc groove 74 during unlocking, avoiding jamming that could affect the normal folding of the baffle 72 and the connecting plate 71.

[0024] Combined with appendix Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 11 As shown, the bottom of each mounting bracket 7 is fixedly connected to a limiting plate 8. The top of the limiting plate 8 is provided with a storage groove 81. The inner walls on both sides of the storage groove 81 are provided with fixing grooves 82. A shaft 83 is rotatably connected in each fixing groove 82. A top plate 84 is fixedly connected between the two shafts 83. The side of the top plate 84 away from the shaft 83 is a raised edge. The top plate 84 is located in the storage groove 81. A torsion spring 85 is fixedly connected between each shaft 83 and the inner wall of the fixing groove 82 on the same side.

[0025] Furthermore, when the inner rod 41 presses down on the baffle 72, and the baffle 72 simultaneously causes the connecting plate 71 to rotate downwards around the mounting bracket 7, the bottom of the connecting plate 71 gradually contacts and presses down on the raised edge of the top plate 84. As the connecting plate 71 continues to rotate downwards, the top plate 84 overcomes the elastic force of the torsion spring 85 and rotates downwards, causing the top plate 84 to gradually retract into the storage groove 81. When the connecting plate 71 rotates to a horizontal state, the top plate 84 is completely embedded in the storage groove 81. At the same time, the bottom of the connecting plate 71 is in contact with the upper surface of the limiting plate 8. The limiting plate 8 is used to limit the connecting plate 71, preventing the connecting plate 71 from continuing to rotate downwards, and keeping the connecting plate 71 in a horizontal state. When the torsion spring 85 is tightened and stores energy under the drive of the shaft 83, when the inner rod 41 retracts upward and the baffle 72 and the connecting plate 71 lose pressure, the torsion spring 85 releases the stored energy and drives the shaft 83 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the raised edge of the top plate 84 to rise upward. The raised edge of the top plate 84 pushes the side of the connecting plate 71 near the baffle 72 upward, causing the connecting plate 71 to rotate upward around the mounting frame 7. At the same time, the baffle 72 is raised upward synchronously with the connecting plate 71. The limiting block 76 slides out from the limiting arc groove 74 and slides in the opposite direction along the large arc groove surface of the connecting plate 71 near the baffle 72, so that the connecting plate 71 and the baffle 72 can be folded back smoothly, releasing the expansion support of the expansion frame 6.

[0026] Working principle: When performing dynamic grain refinement on the gearbox housing casting, firstly, place the solution tank 9 containing aluminum alloy solution on one side of the base 1, and position the solution tank 9 directly below the tool head 5. Start the motor 14, and the motor 14 drives the lead screw 13 to rotate. The lead screw 13 drives the support frame 12 to descend along the guide rail frame 11, so that the tool head 5 is immersed in the aluminum alloy solution in the solution tank 9. Then, start the transducer 22, and the transducer 22 generates high-frequency vibration, which is amplified by the amplitude transformer 2 and transmitted to the tool head 5. The tool head 5 transmits ultrasonic energy into the aluminum alloy solution, and uses the cavitation effect of ultrasonic waves to break up the dendrites in the solidification process of aluminum alloy, thereby achieving grain refinement. After the tool head 5 is immersed in the aluminum alloy solution, the heat of the aluminum alloy solution is transferred to the tool head 5 and the threaded rod 3, and then to the sleeve 4. The nitrogen gas in the sleeve 4 expands due to heat, pushing the inner rod 41 to slide downward along the sleeve 4. When the inner rod 41 extends downward, the ball 45 at its bottom abuts into the positioning groove 73 at the top of the baffle 72 and presses the baffle 72 downward. After the baffle 72 is pressed, it drives the connecting plates 71 on both sides to rotate downward around the mounting frame 7, so that the baffle 72 and the connecting plates 71 gradually unfold to a horizontal state. At the same time, the connecting plates 71 drive the expansion port 61 of the expansion frame 6 to expand outward on both sides, so that the outer wall of the expansion frame 6 presses the inner wall of the fastening groove 31. During the expansion process of the expansion frame 6, the pressure and friction generated on the inner wall of the fastening groove 31 are superimposed to achieve the locking and fixing of the tool head 5 and the threaded rod 3. At the same time as the inner rod 41 extends, the nitrogen in the sleeve 4 enters the sealing groove 42 through the air hole 44 on the inner rod 41, pushing the sealing ring 43 to expand outward, so that the outer wall of the sealing ring 43 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the sleeve 4, forming a sliding seal. When the grain refinement is completed, the transducer 22 is turned off, the motor 14 is started to reverse, the motor 14 drives the lead screw 13 to rotate in the opposite direction, the lead screw 13 drives the support frame 12 to rise along the guide rail frame 11, so that the tool head 5 is lifted out of the aluminum alloy solution, and finally the solution tank 9 is removed to complete the grain dynamic refinement operation. After that, the gearbox housing casting work can be carried out on the aluminum alloy solution after the grain dynamic refinement. As the tool head 5 leaves the aluminum alloy solution, the nitrogen gas inside the sleeve 4 cools and contracts, the inner rod 41 retracts upward under the action of air pressure, the ball 45 disengages from the positioning groove 73, and the two sides of the expansion port 61 of the expansion frame 6 close inward, releasing the pressure on the inner wall of the thread groove 51. When the tool head 5 needs to be replaced after a long period of use, it can be unscrewed from the thread rod 3 for replacement.

[0027] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0028] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dynamic grain refinement device for a high-strength, lightweight gearbox housing casting, comprising a base (1), a guide rail frame (11) fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), a load-bearing frame (12) slidably connected to the guide rail frame (11), an amplitude transformer (2) mounted on the load-bearing frame (12), a transducer (22) fixedly connected to the top of the amplitude transformer (2), a threaded rod (3) fixedly connected to the bottom of the amplitude transformer (2), a tool head (5) mounted on the threaded rod (3), a threaded groove (51) provided on the top of the tool head (5), and the tool head (5) being threadedly connected to the threaded rod (3) through the threaded groove (51), characterized in that: The bottom of the threaded rod (3) is provided with a fastening groove (31), and a sleeve (4) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the fastening groove (31). An inner rod (41) is slidably connected to the bottom opening of the sleeve (4), and the space between the top of the inner rod (41) and the inner top wall of the sleeve (4) is filled with gas. An expansion frame (6) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the threaded groove (51). An expansion opening (61) is provided at the top of the expansion frame (6). The threaded rod (3) is sleeved on the outside of the expansion frame (6) through the fastening groove (31). Mounting frames (7) are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the expansion opening (61). A connecting plate (71) is rotatably connected to each mounting frame (7). A baffle (72) is rotatably connected between the two connecting plates (71). The baffle (72) is located directly below the inner rod (41).

2. The grain refining device for a high-strength, high-toughness, lightweight gearbox housing casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of each mounting bracket (7) is fixedly connected to a limiting plate (8). The top of the limiting plate (8) is provided with a storage groove (81). The inner walls on both sides of the storage groove (81) are provided with fixing grooves (82). A shaft (83) is rotatably connected in each fixing groove (82). A top plate (84) is fixedly connected between the two shafts (83). The top plate (84) is located in the storage groove (81). A torsion spring (85) is fixedly connected between each shaft (83) and the inner wall of the fixing groove (82) on the same side.

3. The grain refining device for a high-strength, high-toughness, lightweight gearbox housing casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing groove (42) is provided on the inner rod (41), a sealing ring (43) is embedded in the sealing groove (42), a number of air holes (44) are provided in the inner rod (41) to connect the sealing groove (42) and the top space of the inner rod (41), and a movable ball (45) is embedded in the bottom of the inner rod (41).

4. The grain refining device for a high-strength, high-toughness, lightweight gearbox housing casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle (72) has several mounting slots (75) on both sides near the connecting plate (71). Each mounting slot (75) is slidably connected to a limit block (76). Several springs (77) are fixedly connected between the limit block (76) and the inner wall of the mounting slot (75).

5. The grain refining device for a high-strength, high-toughness, lightweight gearbox housing casting according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the connecting plates (71) has a limiting arc groove (74) on the side near the baffle (72) that corresponds to the number and position of the mounting groove (75), and each of the limiting blocks (76) has an arc surface on the side near the limiting arc groove (74) at the corresponding position.

6. The grain refining device for a high-strength, high-toughness, lightweight gearbox housing casting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the baffle (72) is provided with a positioning groove (73), and the bottom of the ball (45) is in contact with the inner bottom wall of the positioning groove (73).

7. The grain refining device for a high-strength, high-toughness, lightweight gearbox housing casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A solution tank (9) containing aluminum alloy solution is placed on the side of the base (1) near the guide rail frame (11), and the solution tank (9) is located directly below the tool head (5).

8. The grain refining device for a high-strength, tough, lightweight gearbox housing casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flange (21) is fixedly connected to the amplitude rod (2), and the amplitude rod (2) is fixed to the load-bearing frame (12) through the flange (21).

9. The grain refining device for a high-strength, tough, lightweight gearbox housing casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail frame (11) is rotatably connected to a lead screw (13), and the load-bearing frame (12) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (13).

10. The grain refining device for a high-strength, high-toughness, lightweight gearbox housing casting according to claim 9, characterized in that: A motor (14) is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rail frame (11), and the output end of the motor (14) is fixedly connected to the top end of the lead screw (13).

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