Bolt fastening device for variable pitch or yaw bearing of wind driven generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind driven generator variable pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device, which relates to the technical field of wind driven generator assembly, and comprises a rack, a variable pitch bearing, a fastening platform, a rotation assembly and a fastening assembly, and the fastening platform is rotatably connected with the rack through the variable pitch bearing; the rotation assembly comprises a rotation driving device and a gear, the gear is meshed with an inner gear ring of the variable pitch bearing, the rotation driving device can drive the gear to rotate, and then the fastening platform is driven to rotate; the fastening assembly comprises a plurality of fastening mechanisms which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, each fastening mechanism comprises a reducing device and a fastening device, each reducing device comprises a lead screw and a sliding base, each fastening device comprises an air cylinder and an intelligent servo tightening machine, and the radial position of each intelligent servo tightening machine can be adjusted through the corresponding reducing device. The bolt can be tightened through the intelligent servo tightening machine, accurate pre-tightening force can be achieved, and axial pressure can be provided for the bolt tightening process through the air cylinder; by means of the bolt fastening device, automatic fastening of variable pitch or yaw bearing bolts of different models can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind turbine assembly technology, specifically to a fastening device for pitch or yaw bearing bolts of a wind turbine. Background Technology

[0002] In wind turbine generators, the pitch mechanism is responsible for dynamically adjusting the pitch angle of the turbine blades. In the pitch mechanism, the hub and blades are connected via pitch bearings to achieve rotation. The yaw mechanism is responsible for dynamically adjusting the rotation angle of the turbine shaft. In the yaw mechanism, the top of the tower and the nacelle are connected via yaw bearings to achieve rotation. Due to the enormous size of large wind turbine generators, they are usually assembled on-site. When prefabricating wind turbine components in the factory, the pitch bearings need to be pre-assembled onto the hub according to process specifications, and the yaw bearings need to be assembled onto the top section of the tower. During assembly, the outer ring of the pitch bearing is connected to the hub via flanges using multiple bolts, and the outer ring of the yaw bearing is connected to the top section of the tower via flanges using multiple bolts.

[0003] In the prefabrication and assembly of bearings, the traditional assembly process involves manually tightening the screws with a pre-tightening device. Due to the large size of wind turbine generator sets and the large number of connecting bolts, this manual assembly method is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive, with low assembly efficiency and significant human error in controlling the pre-tightening force. To improve the assembly efficiency of pitch bearings, existing technologies have developed multi-point synchronous fastening machines for generator pitch mechanism bolts (application number CN202020983553.4) and semi-automatic tooling for fastening pitch mechanism bolts of wind turbines (application number: 202510628104.5). However, these devices rely on the hub's own structure for anchoring and fixing, making them unsuitable for assembling yaw bearings. Furthermore, these devices use a structure similar to internal chucks to fix the bolts to the hub. In practice, multi-point synchronous fastening machines for generator pitch mechanism bolts suffer from unstable clamping, and semi-automatic tooling for fastening pitch mechanism bolts of wind turbines also struggles to ensure stable clamping when used with wind turbine hubs of different specifications. In addition, the above tooling devices are semi-automatic and cannot automatically complete the fastening of all bolts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device that can achieve fully automatic fastening of pitch or yaw bearing bolts of different models.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: Wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device, including frame, pitch bearing, fastening platform, slewing assembly, and fastening assembly; The pitch bearing includes an outer ring and an inner ring. The outer ring is fixedly connected to the frame, and the inner ring is fixedly connected to the fastening platform. The inner ring is rotatably disposed inside the outer ring, and an internal gear ring is provided on the inner side of the inner ring. The rotary assembly includes a rotary drive device and a gear. The rotary drive device is fixedly connected to the frame, and the gear is rotatably connected to the frame. The rotary drive device is used to drive the gear to rotate, and the gear meshes with the internal gear ring. The fastening assembly includes several fastening mechanisms evenly distributed circumferentially. Each fastening mechanism includes a diameter-changing device and a fastening device. The diameter-changing device includes a lead screw and a slide. The lead screw is arranged along the radial direction of the pitch bearing and is rotatably connected to the fastening platform. The slide is slidably connected to the fastening platform, and the lead screw is threadedly connected to the slide. The fastening device includes a cylinder and an intelligent servo tightening machine. The output shaft axis of the intelligent servo tightening machine is parallel to the axis of the pitch bearing. The intelligent servo tightening machine is slidably connected to the slide. The cylinder is fixedly mounted on the slide and is used to drive the intelligent servo tightening machine to slide along the axial direction of the output shaft.

[0006] Furthermore, the fastening assembly also includes a variable diameter drive device for driving a plurality of the lead screws to rotate.

[0007] Specifically, the variable diameter drive device includes a variable diameter motor and a commutator. The variable diameter motor is fixedly connected to the frame, and the commutator is fixedly mounted on the fastening platform. The input end of the commutator is coaxial with the pitch bearing. A clutch is connected to the output shaft of the variable diameter motor, and the other end of the clutch is fixedly connected to the input end of the commutator. The commutator includes several output ends, and each of the output ends is fixedly connected to one end of a number of lead screws.

[0008] Specifically, there are four fastening devices, and the commutator is a five-axis commutator.

[0009] Specifically, the rotary drive device includes a rotary motor and a reducer. Both the rotary motor and the reducer are fixedly mounted on the frame. The output shaft of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the reducer, and the gear is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the reducer.

[0010] Specifically, the fastening device also includes a sliding plate, the intelligent servo tightening machine is fixedly installed on the sliding plate, the sliding plate is slidably connected to the slide block, and the telescopic end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding plate.

[0011] Specifically, the fastening mechanism further includes a guide rail, which is fixedly installed on the fastening platform. The slide block is slidably adapted to the guide rail, and a guide rail clamp is provided between the slide block and the guide rail.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a lifting assembly for driving the frame to rise and fall.

[0013] Specifically, the lifting assembly is a scissor lift platform, and the frame is fixedly installed on the platform of the scissor lift platform.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device includes a frame, a pitch bearing, a fastening platform, a slewing assembly, and a fastening assembly. The fastening platform and the frame are rotatably connected via the pitch bearing. The slewing assembly includes a slewing drive and a gear. The gear meshes with the internal gear ring of the pitch bearing. The slewing drive can drive the gear to rotate, thereby driving the fastening platform to rotate. The fastening assembly includes several circumferentially distributed fastening mechanisms. Each fastening mechanism includes a diameter-changing device and a fastening device. The diameter-changing device includes a lead screw and a slide. The fastening device includes a cylinder and an intelligent servo tightening machine. The diameter-changing device can adjust the radial position of the intelligent servo tightening machine, which can tighten the bolts and achieve accurate preload. The cylinder can provide axial pressure during the bolt tightening process. In this wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device, because there are multiple fastening devices, multiple bolts can be fastened simultaneously at one station, which is beneficial to improving fastening efficiency. The even distribution of each fastening device around the circumference also helps to ensure fastening quality. By setting a rotary component, the automatic switching of each station can be realized, thereby realizing fully automatic fastening operation of each bolt. Each intelligent servo tightening machine can adjust its radial position through a diameter changing device, which is suitable for fastening variable diameter or yaw bearing bolts with different pitch circle differences. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wind turbine generator pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device of the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after the scissor lift platform has been removed; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fastening assembly in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fastening device in the present invention; Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the rotary drive device and the variable diameter drive device in this invention; Figure 6 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the slide on the fastening platform in this invention; In the diagram, 1-frame, 2-fastening platform, 3-outer ring, 4-inner ring, 5-internal gear ring, 6-gear, 7-lead screw, 8-slide block, 9-cylinder, 10-intelligent servo tightening machine, 11-variable diameter motor, 12-commutator, 13-clutch, 14-rotary motor, 15-reducer, 16-slide plate, 17-guide rail, 18-guide rail clamp, 19-scissor lift platform. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device for a wind turbine includes a frame 1, a pitch bearing, a fastening platform 2, a slewing assembly, and a fastening component. The pitch bearing is a mature component of existing wind turbines, comprising an outer ring 3 and an inner ring 4. The inner ring 4 is rotatably disposed within the outer ring 3, and an internal gear ring 5 is provided on the inner side of the inner ring 4. The outer ring 3 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1 by bolts, and the inner ring 4 is fixedly connected to the fastening platform 2 by bolts. The slewing assembly includes a slewing drive device and a gear 6. The slewing drive device is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the gear 6 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 (in the implementation, a crossbeam is fixedly connected to the frame 1, the slewing drive device is fixedly mounted on the crossbeam, and the gear 6 is rotatably connected to the crossbeam). The slewing drive device drives the gear 6 to rotate, and the gear 6 meshes with the internal gear ring 5. When the slewing drive device drives the gear 6 to rotate, the meshing action drives the internal gear ring 5 to rotate, thereby causing the fastening platform 2, which is fixedly connected to the inner ring 4, to rotate. The fastening assembly includes several circumferentially distributed fastening mechanisms. Each fastening mechanism includes a diameter-changing device and a fastening device. The diameter-changing device includes a lead screw 7 and a slide 8. The lead screw 7 is arranged along the radial direction of the pitch bearing and is rotatably connected to the fastening platform 2. The slide 8 is slidably connected to the fastening platform 2, and the lead screw 7 and slide 8 are threadedly connected, forming a lead screw and nut mechanism. Rotating the lead screw 7 causes the slide 8 to slide along the radial direction of the pitch bearing on the fastening platform 2. The fastening device includes a cylinder 9 and an intelligent servo tightening machine 10. The output shaft axis of the intelligent servo tightening machine 10 is parallel to the axis of the pitch bearing. The intelligent servo tightening machine 10 is slidably mounted on the slide 8, and the cylinder 9 is fixedly mounted on the slide 8. The cylinder 9 drives the intelligent servo tightening machine 10 to slide along the axial direction of its output shaft.

[0018] The wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device is used in conjunction with an external fixing device that is directly opposite it, which is used to clamp and fix the hub or the top section of the tower. Before use, prepare by moving the end of the component to be tightened (hub or tower top section; if it is a hub, a pitch bearing is installed at its end and a bolt is threaded on it; if it is a tower top section, a yaw bearing is installed at its end and a bolt is threaded on it) to face the output end of each intelligent servo tightening machine 10, and adjust the pitch or yaw bearing on the component to be coaxial with the pitch bearing of the bolt tightening device; then adjust the distance between the component to be tightened and the bolt tightening device according to the stroke of the cylinder 9, so that when the cylinder 9 extends to its maximum stroke, the end of the intelligent servo tightening machine 10 and the component to be tightened maintain the necessary distance, so that the cylinder 9 will not apply axial pressure to the bolt when the bolt is tightened; then rotate each lead screw 7 to adjust the position of the intelligent servo tightening machine 10, so that the output shaft of each intelligent servo tightening machine 10 is located at the pitch circle position of each bolt on the component to be tightened. After the preparation work is completed, the fastening platform 2 is first rotated to a suitable angle by the rotary drive device, so that the output shafts of several intelligent servo tightening machines 10 are respectively aligned with several bolts on a tightening station; then the cylinder 9 is started to drive the intelligent servo tightening machine 10 to move forward, and the output end of the intelligent servo tightening machine 10 is connected to the bolt head of the corresponding bolt (in practice, the output end of the intelligent servo tightening machine 10 is fixed with a sleeve that matches the shape of the bolt head, and this connection process refers to the bolt head entering the sleeve); then each servo tightening machine 10 is started to drive the corresponding bolt to rotate and screw in, and the cylinder 9 is used to apply axial pressure to the corresponding bolt to complete the tightening work of the corresponding bolt. After all the bolts at one workstation are tightened, each cylinder 9 drives the intelligent servo tightening machine 10 to retract. Then, the fastening platform 2 is rotated at a set angle by the rotary drive device. The above process is repeated to complete the tightening of bolts at the next workstation. After the preparation work is completed, the wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device can automatically complete the tightening of all bolts on the component to be tightened.

[0019] In this wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device: the bolt fastening is completed by an intelligent servo tightening machine 10 in conjunction with a cylinder 9. The cylinder 9 is used to apply axial pressure during the fastening process to ensure smooth fastening. When the fastening is close to completion, the cylinder 9 is at its maximum stroke position, at which point the axial pressure on the bolt is released. The intelligent servo tightening machine 10 can accurately control the pre-tightening force of the bolt. Multiple fastening devices are set up, and multiple bolts can be fastened simultaneously at one station, improving fastening efficiency. The even distribution of each fastening device around the circumference helps to ensure fastening quality. In this embodiment, four fastening devices are set up, corresponding to the cross-tightening method in the wind turbine industry, which conforms to the bolt fastening operation specifications of the wind turbine industry. The pitch bearing is directly used as the rotating base of the fastening platform 2. It is a commercially available and mature product that is easy to obtain. By setting up a rotating component, the automatic switching of each station is realized, thereby realizing the fully automatic fastening operation of each bolt. In addition, the wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device is set independently. Each intelligent servo tightening machine 10 can adjust its radial position through the diameter changing device, which is suitable for tightening variable diameter or yaw bearing bolts with different pitch circle differences.

[0020] Furthermore, the fastening assembly also includes a variable diameter drive device, which is used to drive several lead screws 7 to rotate. During the preparation stage, the radial position of each intelligent servo tightening machine 10 can be automatically adjusted by the variable diameter drive device. Specifically, the variable diameter drive device includes a variable diameter motor 11 and a commutator 12. The variable diameter motor 11 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 (in practice, the variable diameter motor 11 is mounted on a crossbeam fixedly connected to the frame 1 and located at the center of the pitch bearing). The commutator 12 is fixedly mounted on the fastening platform 2. The input end of the commutator 12 is coaxial with the pitch bearing. A clutch 13 is connected to the output shaft of the variable diameter motor 11. The other end of the clutch 13 is fixedly connected to the input end of the commutator 12. The commutator 12 includes several output ends, each of which is fixedly connected to one end of several lead screws 7. When the clutch 13 connects the output shaft of the variable diameter motor 11 to the input end of the commutator, starting the variable diameter motor 11 can drive each output end of the commutator 12 to rotate, thereby driving each lead screw 7 to rotate synchronously and synchronously adjust the radial position of each intelligent servo tightening machine 10. When it is necessary to switch work positions by rotating the fastening platform 2, the clutch 13 disconnects the output shaft of the variable diameter motor from the input end of the commutator to avoid interference. In this embodiment, in order to implement the cross-clamping method, a total of four clamping devices are provided, and the corresponding commutator 12 can be a five-axis commutator.

[0021] In specific implementation, the rotary drive device includes a rotary motor 14 and a reducer 15. Both the rotary motor 14 and the reducer 15 are fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The output shaft of the rotary motor 14 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the reducer 15. The gear 6 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the reducer 15. The power from the output shaft of the rotary motor 14 is reduced by the reducer 15 and then drives the gear 6 to rotate. The fastening device also includes a slide plate 16. The intelligent servo tightening machine 10 is fixedly mounted on the slide plate 16. The slide plate 16 is slidably connected to the slide block 8. The telescopic end of the cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to the slide plate 16. The intelligent servo tightening machine 10 slides on the slide plate 16. The fastening mechanism also includes a guide rail 17, which is fixedly installed on the fastening platform 2. The slide 8 is slidably adapted to the guide rail 17. The guide rail 17 guides the slide 8 to slide along the radial direction of the pitch bearing. A guide rail clamp 18 is also provided between the slide 8 and the guide rail 17. After the radial position of the intelligent servo tightening machine 10 is adjusted, the guide rail clamp 18 can be used to fix and lock the slide 8 and the guide rail 17 to prevent the screw 7 from rotating accidentally and causing the intelligent servo tightening machine 10 to shift position, thus ensuring the smooth progress of the bolt tightening work.

[0022] Furthermore, the wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device also includes a lifting assembly, which drives the frame 1 to lift. Because the accompanying fixing device is designed for simplicity, it only has clamping and translation functions for the hub or tower top section. However, the pitch circle diameters of the pitch or yaw bearings differ between different turbine models, resulting in different heights of the pitch circle center after clamping the hub or tower top section. Therefore, the lifting assembly is installed to achieve alignment by adjusting the height of the pitch bearing in the bolt fastening device. Specifically, as... Figure 1 As shown, the lifting assembly uses a scissor lift platform 19, which has a strong load-bearing capacity and a stable lifting process. The frame 1 can be fixedly installed on the platform of the scissor lift platform.

[0023] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fastening device for pitch or yaw bearing bolts of a wind turbine generator, characterized in that, Includes frame, pitch bearing, fastening platform, slewing assembly, and fastening assembly; The pitch bearing includes an outer ring and an inner ring. The outer ring is fixedly connected to the frame, and the inner ring is fixedly connected to the fastening platform. The inner ring is rotatably disposed inside the outer ring, and an internal gear ring is provided on the inner side of the inner ring. The rotary assembly includes a rotary drive device and a gear. The rotary drive device is fixedly connected to the frame, and the gear is rotatably connected to the frame. The rotary drive device is used to drive the gear to rotate, and the gear meshes with the internal gear ring. The fastening assembly includes several fastening mechanisms evenly distributed around the circumference, each fastening mechanism comprising a diameter-changing device and a fastening device. The diameter-changing device includes a lead screw and a slide. The lead screw is arranged radially along the pitch bearing and is rotatably connected to the fastening platform. The slide is slidably connected to the fastening platform, and the lead screw is threadedly connected to the slide. The fastening device includes a cylinder and an intelligent servo tightening machine. The output shaft axis of the intelligent servo tightening machine is parallel to the axis of the pitch bearing. The intelligent servo tightening machine is slidably connected to the slide. The cylinder is fixedly mounted on the slide and is used to drive the intelligent servo tightening machine to slide along the axial direction of the output shaft.

2. The wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastening assembly also includes a variable diameter drive device for driving the plurality of lead screws to rotate.

3. The wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The variable diameter drive device includes a variable diameter motor and a commutator. The variable diameter motor is fixedly connected to the frame, and the commutator is fixedly mounted on the fastening platform. The input end of the commutator is coaxial with the pitch bearing. A clutch is connected to the output shaft of the variable diameter motor, and the other end of the clutch is fixedly connected to the input end of the commutator. The commutator includes several output ends, and each of the output ends is fixedly connected to one end of a number of lead screws.

4. The wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are four fastening devices, and the commutator is a five-axis commutator.

5. The wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary drive device includes a rotary motor and a reducer. Both the rotary motor and the reducer are fixedly mounted on the frame. The output shaft of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the reducer, and the gear is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the reducer.

6. The wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastening device also includes a sliding plate, the intelligent servo tightening machine is fixedly installed on the sliding plate, the sliding plate is slidably connected to the slide block, and the telescopic end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding plate.

7. The wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastening mechanism also includes a guide rail, which is fixedly installed on the fastening platform. The slide block is slidably adapted to the guide rail, and a guide rail clamp is provided between the slide block and the guide rail.

8. The wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It also includes a lifting assembly for driving the frame to rise and fall.

9. The wind turbine pitch or yaw bearing bolt fastening device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lifting assembly is a scissor lift platform, and the frame is fixedly installed on the platform of the scissor lift platform.

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