Steam supply system for thermal battery

Abstract

The invention provides a steam supply system for a thermal battery. The steam supply system comprises a high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; a high-temperature inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, and the low-temperature side of the first heat exchanger is configured to provide energy needed by steam. An inlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank is communicated with a high-temperature outlet of the first heat exchanger; according to the heat pump circulation unit, a low-temperature inlet of a second heat exchanger communicates with an outlet of a low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, and a low-temperature outlet communicates with a high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank. An inlet of the low-temperature expansion machine communicates with a high-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger. An inlet of the high-temperature compressor communicates with an outlet of the low-temperature expansion machine, and an outlet of the high-temperature compressor communicates with a high-temperature inlet of the second heat exchanger. By integrating the heat pump cycle unit, the power cycle unit, the steam supply unit and the fused salt heat storage and release unit, multifunctional cooperation of electricity-heat conversion, heat energy storage, electricity generation and steam supply is achieved, and the system is suitable for power grid peak regulation, industrial waste heat utilization, regional energy supply and other scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of energy storage and utilization technology, and more specifically, to a steam supply system for a thermal battery. Background Technology

[0002] Renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power are intermittent and fluctuating, necessitating large-capacity, long-duration energy storage technologies to mitigate these fluctuations. Traditional molten salt thermal energy storage systems primarily rely on electric heating for heat storage, resulting in low electro-thermal conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the energy release side can only achieve pure power generation or pure steam supply, leading to insufficient energy cascade utilization. Heat pump technology can elevate low-grade environmental / industrial waste heat to high temperatures, but its standalone application is insufficient to meet the demand for high-quality steam. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a steam supply system for thermal batteries, which can solve at least one of the aforementioned technical problems. The specific solution is as follows: According to specific embodiments of this disclosure, in one aspect, this disclosure provides a steam supply system for a thermal battery, the steam supply system for a thermal battery comprising: a high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank configured to store a high-temperature medium; a first heat exchanger, the high-temperature inlet of the first heat exchanger being connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, the low-temperature side of the first heat exchanger being configured to provide the energy required for steam; a low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, the inlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank being connected to the high-temperature outlet of the first heat exchanger, the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank being configured to store a low-temperature medium; and a heat pump circulation unit comprising: a second heat exchanger, the low-temperature inlet of the second heat exchanger being connected to the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; the low-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger being connected to the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; a low-temperature expander, the inlet of the low-temperature expander being connected to the high-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger; and a high-temperature compressor, the inlet of the high-temperature compressor being connected to the outlet of the low-temperature expander, the outlet of the high-temperature compressor being connected to the high-temperature inlet of the second heat exchanger.

[0004] In an optional embodiment, the heat pump cycle unit further includes: a low-temperature heat exchanger, wherein the low-temperature inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature expander, and the low-temperature outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature compressor.

[0005] In an optional embodiment, the steam supply system for the thermal battery further includes a power circulation unit, one end of which is connected to the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, and the other end of which is connected to the low-temperature inlet of the second heat exchanger.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the power circulation unit includes: a third heat exchanger, one end of the low-temperature side of the third heat exchanger being connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, and the other end of the low-temperature side of the third heat exchanger being connected to the high-temperature inlet of the first heat exchanger.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the power cycle unit further includes a steam turbine connected to the high-temperature side of the third heat exchanger.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the steam turbine includes: a compressor, the outlet of which is connected to the high-temperature side inlet of the third heat exchanger; and a turbine, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the compressor, and the inlet of which is connected to the high-temperature side outlet of the third heat exchanger.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the steam turbine further includes a fourth heat exchanger, wherein the high-temperature side of the fourth heat exchanger is located between the high-temperature inlet of the third heat exchanger and the outlet of the compressor, and the low-temperature side of the fourth heat exchanger is located between the outlet of the turbine and the inlet of the compressor.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the power cycle unit further includes a condenser disposed between the turbine outlet and the compressor inlet.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the steam supply system for the thermal battery further includes: an electric heater, wherein the electric heater is connected to the low-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger and the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, respectively; and the outlet of the electric heater is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the steam supply system for the thermal battery further includes: a first valve; the first valve is located at the outlet of the cryogenic heat exchange medium storage tank.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the steam supply system for the thermal battery further includes: the first valve is located at the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the steam supply system for the thermal battery further includes: a first pipeline, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; a second pipeline, one end of which is connected to the other end of the first pipeline, and the other end of which is connected to the electric heater; a third pipeline, one end of which is connected to the other end of the first pipeline, and the other end of which is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; a fourth pipeline, one end of which is connected to the end of the second pipeline away from the first pipeline, and the other end of which is connected to the low-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger; a second valve, the second valve being located at the low-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger; a third valve, the third valve being located on the second pipeline; a fourth valve, the fourth valve being located at the outlet of the electric heater; a fifth valve, the fifth valve being located on the first pipeline; and a sixth valve, the sixth valve being located on the third pipeline.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the steam supply system for the thermal battery further includes: a fifth pipeline, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, and the other end of which is connected to the low-temperature inlet of the third heat exchanger; a sixth pipeline, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; a seventh pipeline, one end of which is connected to the other end of the sixth pipeline, and the other end of which is connected to the high-temperature inlet of the first heat exchanger; an eighth pipeline, one end of which is connected to the other end of the sixth pipeline, and the other end of which is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; a seventh valve, located on the fifth pipeline; an eighth valve, located on the seventh pipeline; a ninth valve, located at the high-temperature outlet of the first heat exchanger; a tenth valve, located on the sixth pipeline; and an eleventh valve, located on the eighth pipeline.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the above-described solutions of this disclosure have at least the following beneficial effects: The steam supply system disclosed herein integrates a heat pump cycle, a power cycle, a steam supply unit, and a molten salt heat storage and release unit to achieve multi-functional synergy of electrothermal conversion, thermal energy storage, power generation, and steam supply. By integrating and coordinating control strategies, it deeply couples high-temperature heat pumps, electric heating, supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycles, and large-capacity molten salt heat storage to construct a joint system with "high energy efficiency, high parameters, and high flexibility," suitable for scenarios such as grid peak shaving, industrial waste heat utilization, and regional energy supply. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a steam supply system for a thermal battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a steam supply system for a thermal battery according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0019] Figure label: 100: High-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; 200: First heat exchanger; 300: Low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; 400: Heat pump cycle unit; 410: Second heat exchanger; 420: Low-temperature expander; 430: High-temperature compressor; 440: Low-temperature heat exchanger; 500: Power cycle unit; 510: Third heat exchanger; 521: Compressor; 522: Turbine; 523: Fourth heat exchanger; 530: Condenser; 600: Electric heater; 810: First pipeline; 820: Second pipeline; 830: Third pipeline; 840: Fourth pipeline; 850: Fifth pipeline; 860: Sixth pipeline; 870: Seventh pipeline; 880: Eighth pipeline; 901: First valve; 902: Second valve; 903: Third valve; 904: Fourth valve; 905: Fifth valve; 906: Sixth valve; 907: Seventh valve; 908: Eighth valve; 909: Ninth valve; 910: Tenth valve; 911: Eleventh valve. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0021] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this disclosure. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in the embodiments of this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, and “multiple” generally includes at least two unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0022] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0023] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe structures in the embodiments of this disclosure, these structures should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish different structures. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this disclosure, a first component may also be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may also be referred to as a first component.

[0024] Depending on the context, the words “if” or “suppose” as used here can be interpreted as “when” or “in response to determination” or “in response to detection.” Similarly, depending on the context, the phrases “if determination” or “if detection (of the stated condition or event)” can be interpreted as “when determination” or “in response to determination” or “when detection (of the stated condition or event)” or “in response to detection (of the stated condition or event).”

[0025] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device that includes said element.

[0026] Among related technologies, molten salt thermal storage systems mostly use electric heating to raise and store heat, resulting in low electro-thermal conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the energy release side can only achieve pure power generation or pure steam supply, leading to insufficient energy cascade utilization. Heat pump technology can raise low-grade environmental / industrial waste heat to high temperatures, but its use alone is insufficient to meet the demand for high-quality steam.

[0027] To address at least one of the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a steam supply system for a thermal battery, comprising: a high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank configured to store a high-temperature medium; a first heat exchanger, the high-temperature inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, the low-temperature side of which is configured to provide the energy required for steam; a low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, the inlet of which is connected to the high-temperature outlet of the first heat exchanger, the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank configured to store a low-temperature medium; and a heat pump circulation unit comprising: a second heat exchanger, the low-temperature inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; the low-temperature outlet of which is connected to the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; a low-temperature expander, the inlet of which is connected to the high-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger; and a high-temperature compressor, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature expander, the outlet of which is connected to the high-temperature inlet of the second heat exchanger. The steam supply system disclosed herein integrates a heat pump cycle, a power cycle, a steam supply unit, and a molten salt heat storage and release unit to achieve multi-functional synergy of electrothermal conversion, thermal energy storage, power generation, and steam supply. By integrating and coordinating control strategies, it deeply couples high-temperature heat pumps, electric heating, supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycles, and large-capacity molten salt heat storage to construct a joint system with "high energy efficiency, high parameters, and high flexibility," suitable for scenarios such as grid peak shaving, industrial waste heat utilization, and regional energy supply.

[0028] The optional embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a steam supply system for a thermal battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1As shown, according to a specific embodiment of this disclosure, in one aspect, a steam supply system for a thermal battery is provided. The steam supply system for a thermal battery includes: a high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100, configured to store a high-temperature medium; a first heat exchanger 200, the high-temperature inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100, and the low-temperature side of the first heat exchanger 200 configured to provide the energy required for steam; and a low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300, the inlet of which is connected to the high-temperature outlet of the first heat exchanger 200. 0 is configured to store a low-temperature medium; a heat pump circulation unit 400, the heat pump circulation unit 400 including: a second heat exchanger 410, the low-temperature inlet of the second heat exchanger 410 being connected to the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300; the low-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger 410 being connected to the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100; a low-temperature expander 420, the inlet of the low-temperature expander 420 being connected to the high-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger 410; a high-temperature compressor 430, the inlet of the high-temperature compressor 430 being connected to the outlet of the low-temperature expander 420, and the outlet of the high-temperature compressor 430 being connected to the high-temperature inlet of the second heat exchanger 410.

[0030] It should be noted that the steam supply system for the thermal battery further includes a molten salt pump. There are at least two molten salt pumps, one located at the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 and the other at the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300. In an optional embodiment, the molten salt pump can be a screw-type structure.

[0031] The heat pump circulation unit 400 can use air or carbon dioxide as the circulating working fluid. In an optional embodiment, the heat pump circulation unit 400 further includes an electric motor. The low-temperature expander 420 and the high-temperature compressor 430 can be coaxially connected, and the power consumed by the electric motor comes from the power grid or a coal-fired power unit.

[0032] The steam supply system for a thermal battery disclosed herein involves an energy storage phase and an energy release phase. The energy storage phase includes: heat pump cycle unit 400 operating alone, electric heater 600 operating alone, and heat pump cycle unit 400 and electric heater 600 operating together. The energy release phase includes: power cycle unit 500 operating alone, steam supply (high-temperature side of the first heat exchanger 200) operating alone, and power cycle and steam supply operating together.

[0033] During the energy storage phase, when the heat pump cycle is running independently, the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 is connected to the molten salt pump, the molten salt pump is connected to the cold side inlet of the second heat exchanger 410, and the cold side outlet of the second heat exchanger 410 is connected to the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300. The low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 is heated to high-temperature molten salt by the second heat exchanger 410 and stored in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100.

[0034] In some embodiments, the heat pump cycle unit 400 further includes a low-temperature heat exchanger 440, the low-temperature inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature expander 420, and the low-temperature outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature compressor 430. The hot side of the low-temperature heat exchanger 440 can absorb heat from the atmosphere, industrial waste, and wastewater.

[0035] In some embodiments, the steam supply system for the thermal battery is characterized by further comprising: The power circulation unit 500 has one end connected to the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 and the other end connected to the low-temperature inlet of the second heat exchanger 410.

[0036] In some embodiments, the power circulation unit 500 includes a third heat exchanger 510, one end of the low-temperature side of the third heat exchanger 510 being connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100, and the other end of the low-temperature side of the third heat exchanger 510 being connected to the high-temperature inlet of the first heat exchanger 200.

[0037] In some embodiments, the power cycle unit 500 further includes a steam turbine connected to the high-temperature side of the third heat exchanger 510.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the steam turbine includes: a compressor 521, the outlet of which is connected to the high-temperature side inlet of the third heat exchanger 510; and a turbine 522, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the compressor 521, and the inlet of the turbine 522 is connected to the high-temperature side outlet of the third heat exchanger 510.

[0039] In some embodiments, the steam turbine further includes a fourth heat exchanger 523, wherein the high-temperature side of the fourth heat exchanger 523 is disposed between the high-temperature inlet of the third heat exchanger 510 and the outlet of the compressor 521, and the low-temperature side of the fourth heat exchanger 523 is disposed between the outlet of the turbine 522 and the inlet of the compressor 521.

[0040] In some embodiments, the power circulation unit 500 further includes a condenser 530, which is disposed between the outlet of the turbine 522 and the inlet of the compressor 521. The power circulation unit 500 uses carbon dioxide as the circulating working fluid; the cold side of the condenser 530 can use ambient temperature air or water as the cooling medium.

[0041] In some embodiments, the steam supply system for the thermal battery further includes: an electric heater 600, the electric heater 600 being connected to the low-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger 410 and the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 respectively; the outlet of the electric heater 600 being connected to the inlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100. During the energy storage phase, when the electric heater 600 operates independently, the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 is connected to the electric heater 600, and the outlet of the electric heater 600 is connected to the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100. The electric heater 600 in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 is heated to high-temperature molten salt and stored in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100. During the energy storage phase, when the heat pump circulation unit 400 and the electric heater 600 operate together, the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 is connected to the molten salt pump, the molten salt pump is connected to the cold side inlet of the second heat exchanger 410, the cold side outlet of the second heat exchanger 410 is connected to the inlet of the electric heater 600, and the electric heater 600 is connected to the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100. The low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 is heated to high-temperature molten salt by the heat pump circulation unit 400 and the electric heater 600 in sequence, and then stored in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100.

[0042] During the energy release phase, when the power cycle operates independently, the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 is connected to the molten salt pump, the molten salt pump is connected to the heat measurement inlet of the third heat exchanger 510, and the heat measurement outlet of the third heat exchanger 510 is connected to the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300. The high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 releases heat through the third heat exchanger 510 to become low-temperature molten salt, which is then stored in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300.

[0043] During the energy release phase, when steam is supplied independently, the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 is connected to the molten salt pump, the heat measurement outlet of the third heat exchanger 510 is connected to the heat measurement inlet of the first heat exchanger 200, the molten salt pump is connected to the heat measurement inlet of the first heat exchanger 200, and the heat measurement outlet of the first heat exchanger 200 is connected to the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300. The high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 releases heat through the first heat exchanger 200 to become low-temperature molten salt, which is then stored in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300.

[0044] During the combined operation of the power cycle and steam supply in the energy release phase, the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 is connected to the molten salt pump, the molten salt pump is connected to the heat measurement inlet of the third heat exchanger 510, the heat measurement outlet of the third heat exchanger 510 is connected to the heat measurement inlet of the first heat exchanger 200, and the heat measurement outlet of the first heat exchanger 200 is connected to the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300. The high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 releases heat through the third heat exchanger 510 and the first heat exchanger 200 in sequence to become low-temperature molten salt, and is stored in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300.

[0045] In this disclosure, the power cycle operating independently can achieve the peak power grid target; the steam supply operating independently can provide users with sufficient steam to the maximum extent; and the combined operation of the power cycle and steam supply can not only achieve efficient hot spot switching but also supply steam to users simultaneously. Overall, this improves the comprehensive energy efficiency of the system.

[0046] The molten salt thermal storage battery combined with steam supply system disclosed herein achieves the following: During the energy storage phase, the heat pump cycle unit 400, operating independently, enables high-yield electrothermal conversion; the molten salt electric heater (heated by the electric heater 600), operating independently, enables safe and stable electrothermal conversion; and the combined operation of the heat pump cycle unit 400 and the molten salt electric heater allows for the storage of thermal energy in a higher temperature range, resulting in higher quality thermal energy. Overall, this effectively improves the yield of the electrothermal conversion process. During the energy release phase, the power cycle, operating independently, can achieve peak grid performance; the steam supply, operating independently, can provide ample steam to users to the maximum extent; and the combined operation of the power cycle and steam supply not only achieves efficient heat exchange but also simultaneously supplies steam to users. Overall, this improves the system's comprehensive energy efficiency.

[0047] In some embodiments, the steam supply system for the thermal battery further includes a first valve 901; the first valve 901 is located at the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300. In an optional embodiment, the first valve 901 is located at the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100.

[0048] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a steam supply system for a thermal battery according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the steam supply system for the thermal battery further includes: a first pipe 810, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300; a second pipe 820, one end of which is connected to the other end of the first pipe 810, and the other end of which is connected to the electric heater 600; a third pipe 830, one end of which is connected to the other end of the first pipe 810, and the other end of which is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100; and a fourth pipe 840. One end of the fourth pipe 840 is connected to the end of the second pipe 820 away from the first pipe 810, and the other end of the fourth pipe 840 is connected to the low-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger 410; a second valve 902 is located at the low-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger 410; a third valve 903 is located in the second pipe 820; a fourth valve 904 is located at the outlet of the electric heater 600; a fifth valve 905 is located in the first pipe 810; and a sixth valve 906 is located in the third pipe 830. It should be noted that the first pipe 810 + the second pipe 820 are the pipes connecting the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 to the electric heater 600.

[0049] In some embodiments, the steam supply system for the thermal battery further includes: a fifth pipe 850, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100, and the other end of which is connected to the low-temperature inlet of the third heat exchanger 510; a sixth pipe 860, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100; a seventh pipe 870, one end of which is connected to the other end of the sixth pipe 860, and the other end of which is connected to the high-temperature inlet of the first heat exchanger 200; and an eighth pipe 880, which... One end of the eighth pipe 880 is connected to the other end of the sixth pipe 860, and the other end of the eighth pipe 880 is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300; the seventh valve 907 is located in the fifth pipe 850; the eighth valve 908 is located in the seventh pipe 870; the ninth valve 909 is located at the high-temperature outlet of the first heat exchanger 200; the tenth valve 910 is located in the sixth pipe 860; and the eleventh valve 911 is located in the eighth pipe 880. It should be noted that the sixth pipe 860 and the seventh pipe 870 are the pipes connecting the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 to the high-temperature inlet of the first heat exchanger 200. It should be noted that during the energy storage phase, the opening and closing states of the fifth valve 905 and the second valve 902 at the cold side inlet of the second heat exchanger 410 are mutually exclusive, and the opening and closing states of the sixth valve 906 and the third valve 903 at the cold side inlet and the fourth valve 904 at the outlet of the electric heater 600 are mutually exclusive. The fifth valve 905 and the sixth valve 906 cannot be open at the same time, while the opening and closing states of the first valve 901, the ninth valve 909, and the eleventh valve 911 are closed.

[0050] That is, when only the heat pump circulation unit 400 is running and heating the molten salt, the first valve 901 is open, the second valve 902 is open, the fifth valve 905 is closed, the third valve 903 and the fourth valve 904 are closed, the sixth valve 906 is open, and the first valve 901, the ninth valve 909, and the eleventh valve 911 are closed. The low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 is heated to high-temperature molten salt by the second heat exchanger 410 and stored in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100. When only electric heating is in operation and heating molten salt, the first valve 901 is open, the second valve 902 is closed, the fifth valve 905 is open, the third valve 903 and the fourth valve 904 are open, the sixth valve 906 is closed, and the first valve 901, the ninth valve 909, and the eleventh valve 911 are closed. The low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 is heated to high-temperature molten salt by the electric heater 600 and stored in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100. When the heat pump circulation unit 400 and the electric heater are operating together to heat the molten salt, the first valve 901 is open, the second valve 902 is open, the fifth valve 905 is closed, the third valve 903 and the fourth valve 904 are open, the sixth valve 906 is closed, and the first valve 901, the ninth valve 909, and the eleventh valve 911 are closed. The low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 is heated to high-temperature molten salt by the second heat exchanger 410 and the electric heater 600 in sequence, and then stored in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100.

[0051] Similarly, during the energy release phase, the first valve 901, the fourth valve 904, and the sixth valve 906 are closed. The tenth valve 910 is mutually exclusive with the seventh valve 907 at the hot side inlet of the third heat exchanger 510. The eleventh valve 911 is mutually exclusive with the eighth valve 908 at the hot side inlet and the ninth valve 909 at the outlet of the first heat exchanger 200. The tenth valve 910 and the eleventh valve 911 cannot be open at the same time.

[0052] That is, when only the power cycle is running, the first valve 901, the fourth valve 904, and the sixth valve 906 are closed, the first valve 901 is open, the seventh valve 907 is open, the tenth valve 910 is closed, the eighth valve 908 and the ninth valve 909 are closed, and the eleventh valve 911 is open. The high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 is cooled to low-temperature molten salt by the third heat exchanger 510 and stored in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300. When only steam is supplied, the first valve 901, the fourth valve 904, and the sixth valve 906 are closed, the first valve 901 is open, the seventh valve 907 is closed, the tenth valve 910 is open, the eighth valve 908 and the ninth valve 909 are open, and the eleventh valve 911 is closed. The high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 is cooled to low-temperature molten salt by the first heat exchanger 200 and stored in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300. When the power cycle and steam supply are operating in combination, the first valve 901, the fourth valve 904, and the sixth valve 906 are closed, the first valve 901 is open, the seventh valve 907 is open, the tenth valve 910 is closed, the eighth valve 908 and the ninth valve 909 are open, and the eleventh valve 911 is closed. The high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 is cooled to low-temperature molten salt by the third heat exchanger 510 and the first heat exchanger 200, and then stored in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300.

[0053] During the energy storage phase, when the heat pump cycle unit 400 operates independently, the low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 is heated to high-temperature molten salt by the second heat exchanger 410 and stored in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100. Specific operations include: controlling the first valve 901 to open, connecting the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 to the molten salt pump; controlling the second valve 902 to open, connecting the molten salt pump to the cold-side inlet of the second heat exchanger 410; controlling the fifth valve 905 to close; closing the third valve 903 and the fourth valve 904, and opening the sixth valve 906, connecting the cold-side outlet of the second heat exchanger 410 to the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300; and closing the first valve 901, the ninth valve 909, and the eleventh valve 911.

[0054] During the energy storage phase, when the electric heater 600 operates independently, the low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 is heated to high-temperature molten salt by the electric heater 600 and stored in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100. Specific operations include: controlling the first valve 901 to open, thus connecting the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 with the molten salt pump; controlling the second valve 902 to close, controlling the fifth valve 905 to open, controlling the sixth valve 906 to close, and controlling the third valve 903 and the fourth valve 904 to open, thus connecting the molten salt pump with the inlet of the electric heater 600 and connecting the outlet of the electric heater 600 with the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100; and closing the first valve 901, the ninth valve 909, and the eleventh valve 911.

[0055] During the energy storage phase, when the heat pump cycle unit 400 and the electric heater 600 operate in conjunction, the low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 is sequentially heated to high-temperature molten salt via the second heat exchanger 410 and the electric heater 600, and then stored in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100. Specific operations include: controlling the first valve 901 to open, connecting the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 to the molten salt pump; controlling the second valve 902 to open, connecting the molten salt pump to the cold-side inlet of the second heat exchanger 410; controlling the fifth valve 905 to close; controlling the sixth valve 906 to close; controlling the third valve 903 and the fourth valve 904 to open, connecting the cold-side outlet of the second heat exchanger 410 to the inlet of the electric heater 600, and connecting the outlet of the electric heater 600 to the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100; and closing the first valve 901, the ninth valve 909, and the eleventh valve 911.

[0056] In this disclosure, operating the heat pump cycle unit 400 alone enables high-yield electrothermal conversion; operating the electric heater 600 alone enables safe and stable electrothermal conversion; and operating the heat pump cycle unit 400 and the electric heater 600 together enables the storage of heat energy in a higher temperature range, resulting in higher quality heat energy. Overall, this effectively improves the efficiency of the electrothermal conversion process.

[0057] During the energy release phase, when the power cycle operates independently, the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 releases heat through the third heat exchanger 510 to become low-temperature molten salt, which is then stored in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300. Specific operations include: controlling the first valve 901, the fourth valve 904, and the sixth valve 906 to close; controlling the first valve 901 to open, connecting the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 to the molten salt pump; controlling the tenth valve 910 to close and the seventh valve 907 to open, connecting the molten salt pump to the heat measurement inlet of the third heat exchanger 510; controlling the eleventh valve 911 to open and the eighth valve 908 and the ninth valve 909 to close, connecting the heat measurement outlet of the third heat exchanger 510 to the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300.

[0058] During the energy release phase, when steam is supplied independently, the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 releases heat through the first heat exchanger 200 to become low-temperature molten salt, which is then stored in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300. Specific operations include: controlling the first valve 901, the fourth valve 904, and the sixth valve 906 to close; controlling the first valve 901 to open, thus connecting the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 with the molten salt pump; controlling the tenth valve 910 to open, controlling the seventh valve 907 to close, controlling the eleventh valve 911 to close, and controlling the eighth valve 908 and the ninth valve 909 to open, thus connecting the heat measurement outlet of the third heat exchanger 510 with the heat measurement inlet of the first heat exchanger 200, connecting the molten salt pump with the heat measurement inlet of the first heat exchanger 200, and connecting the heat measurement outlet of the first heat exchanger 200 with the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300.

[0059] During the combined operation of the power cycle and steam supply in the energy release phase, the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 releases heat sequentially through the third heat exchanger 510 and the first heat exchanger 200 to become low-temperature molten salt, which is then stored in the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300. Specific operations include: controlling the first valve 901, the fourth valve 904, and the sixth valve 906 to close; controlling the first valve 901 to open, connecting the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 to the molten salt pump; controlling the tenth valve 910 to close and the seventh valve 907 to open, connecting the molten salt pump to the heat measurement inlet of the third heat exchanger 510; controlling the eleventh valve 911 to close and the eighth valve 908 and the ninth valve 909 to open, connecting the heat measurement outlet of the third heat exchanger 510 to the heat measurement inlet of the first heat exchanger 200, and connecting the heat measurement outlet of the first heat exchanger 200 to the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300.

[0060] This disclosure utilizes the heat pump cycle unit 400, the power cycle unit 500, and the steam supply and molten salt heat storage and release unit (the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100, the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300, and the molten salt pump). In the energy storage phase, operating the heat pump cycle unit 400 alone enables high-yield electrothermal conversion; operating the electric heater 600 alone enables safe and stable electrothermal conversion; and operating the heat pump cycle unit 400 and the electric heater 600 together enables the storage of heat energy in a higher temperature range, obtaining higher-quality heat energy and effectively improving the yield of the electrothermal conversion process. In the energy release phase, operating the power cycle alone enables peak grid operation; operating the steam supply alone enables maximum steam supply to users; and operating the power cycle and steam supply together not only achieves efficient heat exchange conversion but also simultaneously supplies steam to users, improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. Overall, it has the following significant advantages: 1. Improved Overall Energy Efficiency: During the energy storage phase, the heat pump cycle unit 400 utilizes a low-temperature heat source to reduce power consumption; the combined operation mode improves the quality of thermal energy. During the energy release phase, the power cycle uses supercritical carbon dioxide as the working fluid, resulting in high power generation efficiency; the combined operation mode achieves combined heat and power generation, significantly improving overall energy efficiency.

[0061] 2. Flexibility and Reliability: Multiple operating modes can be quickly switched via valve control to adapt to grid load, weather changes, and user needs, enhancing system stability. When renewable energy is abundant, heat pump energy storage is prioritized; when there is a power shortage, peak power cycle operation is employed.

[0062] 3. Economic efficiency: Reducing dependence on a single energy source and utilizing industrial waste heat or waste heat sources can lower operating costs.

[0063] 4. Environmentally friendly: Promotes the consumption of renewable energy, reduces the use of fossil fuels, lowers carbon emissions, is compatible with multiple heat sources, and supports the development of a circular economy.

[0064] 5. Wide adaptability: It can be used in scenarios such as flexible retrofitting of thermal power plants, solar thermal power generation, and energy supply for industrial parks, thereby enhancing the resilience and sustainability of energy infrastructure.

[0065] This disclosure aims to protect a steam supply system for a thermal battery, the steam supply system comprising: a high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100 configured to store a high-temperature medium; a first heat exchanger 200, the high-temperature inlet of the first heat exchanger 200 being connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100, the low-temperature side of the first heat exchanger 200 being configured to provide the energy required for steam; and a low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300, the inlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 being connected to the high-temperature outlet of the first heat exchanger 200, the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300 being configured to store low-temperature... Medium; heat pump circulation unit 400, the heat pump circulation unit 400 including: a second heat exchanger 410, the low temperature inlet of the second heat exchanger 410 being connected to the outlet of the low temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 300; the low temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger 410 being connected to the high temperature heat exchange medium storage tank 100; a low temperature expander 420, the inlet of the low temperature expander 420 being connected to the high temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger 410; a high temperature compressor 430, the inlet of the high temperature compressor 430 being connected to the outlet of the low temperature expander 420, and the outlet of the high temperature compressor 430 being connected to the high temperature inlet of the second heat exchanger 410. The steam supply system disclosed herein integrates a heat pump cycle, a power cycle, a steam supply unit, and a molten salt heat storage and release unit to achieve multi-functional synergy of electrothermal conversion, thermal energy storage, power generation, and steam supply. By integrating and coordinating control strategies, it deeply couples high-temperature heat pumps, electric heating, supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycles, and large-capacity molten salt heat storage to construct a joint system with "high energy efficiency, high parameters, and high flexibility," suitable for scenarios such as grid peak shaving, industrial waste heat utilization, and regional energy supply.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems or apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0067] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit it. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A steam supply system for a thermal battery, characterized in that, include: A high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, wherein the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank is configured to store a high-temperature medium; The first heat exchanger has a high-temperature inlet connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, and the low-temperature side of the first heat exchanger is configured to provide the energy required for steam. A low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, wherein the inlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank is connected to the high-temperature outlet of the first heat exchanger, and the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank is configured to store a low-temperature medium; A heat pump circulation unit, the heat pump circulation unit comprising: The second heat exchanger has a low-temperature inlet connected to the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; and a low-temperature outlet connected to the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank. A cryogenic expander, wherein the inlet of the cryogenic expander is connected to the high-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger; The high-temperature compressor has its inlet connected to the outlet of the low-temperature expander, and its outlet connected to the high-temperature inlet of the second heat exchanger.

2. The steam supply system for a thermal battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat pump cycle unit also includes: A low-temperature heat exchanger, wherein the low-temperature inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature expander, and the low-temperature outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature compressor.

3. The steam supply system for a thermal battery according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The power circulation unit has one end connected to the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank and the other end connected to the low-temperature inlet of the second heat exchanger.

4. The steam supply system for a thermal battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power circulation unit includes: The third heat exchanger has one end connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank at its low-temperature side, and the other end connected to the high-temperature inlet of the first heat exchanger at its low-temperature side.

5. The steam supply system for a thermal battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power circulation unit also includes: The compressor, the outlet of which is connected to the high-temperature side inlet of the third heat exchanger; The turbine has its outlet connected to the inlet of the compressor, and its inlet is connected to the high-temperature side outlet of the third heat exchanger.

6. The steam supply system for a thermal battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power circulation unit also includes: The fourth heat exchanger has its high-temperature side located between the high-temperature inlet of the third heat exchanger and the outlet of the compressor, and its low-temperature side located between the outlet of the turbine and the inlet of the compressor.

7. The steam supply system for a thermal battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: An electric heater is connected to the low-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger and the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank, respectively; the outlet of the electric heater is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank.

8. The steam supply system for a thermal battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: First valve; The first valve is located at the outlet of the cryogenic heat exchange medium storage tank; and / or The first valve is located at the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank.

9. The steam supply system for a thermal battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The first pipeline, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; The second pipe has one end connected to the other end of the first pipe, and the other end of the second pipe is connected to the electric heater; The third pipeline has one end connected to the other end of the first pipeline, and the other end of the third pipeline is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank. The fourth pipeline has one end connected to the end of the second pipeline away from the first pipeline, and the other end connected to the low-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger. The second valve is located at the low-temperature outlet of the second heat exchanger; The third valve is located in the second pipeline; The fourth valve is located at the outlet of the electric heater; The fifth valve is located in the first pipeline; The sixth valve is located in the third pipeline.

10. The steam supply system for a thermal battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The fifth pipeline has one end connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank and the other end connected to the low-temperature inlet of the third heat exchanger. The sixth pipeline, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank; The seventh pipeline has one end connected to the other end of the sixth pipeline, and the other end of the seventh pipeline is connected to the high-temperature inlet of the first heat exchanger. The eighth pipeline has one end connected to the other end of the sixth pipeline, and the other end of the eighth pipeline is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature heat exchange medium storage tank. The seventh valve is located in the fifth pipeline; The eighth valve is located in the seventh pipeline; The ninth valve is located at the high-temperature outlet of the first heat exchanger; The tenth valve is located in the sixth pipeline; The eleventh valve is located on the eighth pipeline.

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