Measuring system and measuring method for measuring displacement of intersection point of main cable and suspender of suspension bridge

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of suspension bridge measurement, and discloses a measurement system for measuring the displacement of an intersection point of a main cable and a suspender of a suspension bridge, the measurement system comprises a plurality of first connecting assemblies, a plurality of displacement sensors, a plurality of auxiliary cables and a central processor, the first connecting assemblies are connected with cable clamps of the suspension bridge, and the first connecting assemblies are used for placing the displacement sensors; two ends of the auxiliary cable are respectively connected with the main cable intersection point, a magnetic ring on the displacement sensor is provided with a second connecting assembly, the displacement sensor is used for monitoring the displacement between the main cable intersection point and the auxiliary cable above the main cable intersection point, and the central processing unit is used for receiving and processing displacement information; the displacement sensor transmits displacement information to the central processing unit according to a preset frequency; the displacement sensor is provided with a positioning module, the positioning module transmits three-dimensional coordinate information to the central processing unit according to a preset frequency, and the central processing unit analyzes three-dimensional coordinates of the displacement sensor at different moments. The health condition of the suspender can be conveniently and accurately monitored at any time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of suspension bridge measurement technology, specifically to a measurement system and method for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge. Background Technology

[0002] A suspension bridge consists of a main cable and multiple spaced suspenders. The suspenders are connected to the main cable via cable clamps, and the intersection of the main cable is the connection point between the main cable and the corresponding suspender.

[0003] As a key component connecting the main cable and main girder of a suspension bridge, the safety performance of the suspenders directly determines the overall stability of the bridge structure. However, due to the combined effects of alternating loads, environmental corrosion, and material fatigue on the suspenders over long periods, internal damage (such as wire breakage and loosening of the anchorage zone) is often difficult to detect through visual inspection. Real-time monitoring of the axial force (i.e., suspender force) is necessary to assess their health status. However, existing suspender force monitoring technologies face multiple challenges. For example, sensor installation requires traffic interruption and lacks durability (e.g., vibrating string sensors are susceptible to electromagnetic interference, and magnetic flux sensors require pre-installation and are costly); signal noise interference is severe under dynamic loads (vibrations caused by passing vehicles can mask force changes caused by minor damage).

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for a measurement system and method that can conveniently and accurately monitor the health status of the boom at any time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, one of the objectives of this invention is to provide a measurement system for measuring the displacement of the intersection point between the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge, which can conveniently and accurately monitor the health of the suspender at any time.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: a measurement system for measuring the displacement of the intersection point between the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge, comprising multiple first connecting components, multiple displacement sensors, multiple auxiliary cables, and a central processing unit. The first connecting components are connected to the suspension bridge cable clamps. The first connecting components are used to place the displacement sensors and keep the displacement sensors in a vertical state at all times, and to provide connection points for the auxiliary cables. The two ends of the auxiliary cables are respectively connected to the intersection points of the main cables on both sides of a suspender through corresponding first connecting components. The magnetic ring on the displacement sensor is provided with a second connecting component for locking and limiting the magnetic ring against the auxiliary cable. The displacement sensor is used to monitor the displacement between the intersection point of the main cable and the auxiliary cable above the intersection point of the main cable. The central processing unit is used to receive and process the displacement information monitored by the displacement sensor. The displacement sensor transmits the displacement information between the main cable intersection and the auxiliary cable above the main cable intersection to the central processing unit at a preset frequency. The displacement sensor is equipped with a positioning module, which transmits the three-dimensional coordinate information of the displacement sensor to the central processing unit at a preset frequency. The central processing unit analyzes the three-dimensional coordinates of the displacement sensor at different times.

[0007] Explanation: In this solution, the auxiliary cable will be pre-tensioned to ensure it is in a straight line.

[0008] In this scheme, the first connecting component is connected to the corresponding suspension bridge cable clamp. The first connecting component is installed on all cable clamps on the suspension bridge. The cable clamps on both sides of one of the suspension bridge suspenders are connected in a straight line by an auxiliary cable connected to the corresponding first connecting component. The auxiliary cable is located above the connection between the suspender and the main cable, that is, above the corresponding cable clamp of the suspender. The displacement sensor is connected to the cable clamp through the first connecting component. The magnetic ring on the displacement sensor is connected to the auxiliary cable through the second connecting component to limit the engagement of the auxiliary cable.

[0009] The displacement sensor transmits the vertical distance between the main cable intersection and the auxiliary cable above the main cable intersection as the first displacement information to the central processing unit, which serves as the initial displacement. The displacement sensor then transmits the vertical distance between the main cable intersection and the auxiliary cable above the main cable intersection as the second displacement information to the central processing unit at a preset frequency. The central processing unit compares the second displacement information with the initial displacement to obtain the relative displacement of the main cable intersection. If the relative displacement of the main cable intersection is greater than a preset threshold, it indicates that the corresponding suspender at the main cable intersection has been damaged.

[0010] The central processing unit analyzes the three-dimensional coordinate information of the displacement sensor at different times to obtain the deflection angle of the displacement sensor at time t+n. When the deflection angle is greater than the preset threshold, it indicates that the corresponding suspender at the main cable intersection has been damaged.

[0011] In this scheme, the relative displacement of the main cable intersection point is equal to the difference between the second displacement information between the main cable intersection point and the auxiliary cable above the main cable intersection point monitored by the displacement sensor at time t and the first displacement information between the main cable intersection point and the auxiliary cable above the main cable intersection point monitored by the displacement sensor at the initial time.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1) Since the suspender force and the relative displacement of the main cable intersection point are linearly related, the suspender force can be indirectly obtained by measuring the relative displacement of the main cable intersection point, thereby indirectly monitoring the health of the suspender. This invention monitors the relative displacement of the main cable intersection point by using displacement sensors installed on the cable clamps and auxiliary cables. It can monitor at any time without the need to periodically close the bridge for monitoring, so as to know the health of the suspenders in time, prevent and maintain them in time, extend the service life of the bridge, and reduce the life cycle cost. 2) During monitoring, there is no need to close or interrupt traffic; only the measurement system needs to be installed uniformly in the early stage, making the measurement convenient. 3) The main cable intersection is the point where the main cable connects to the corresponding suspender. However, in practice, the cable clamp is usually selected as the main cable intersection. This invention connects the auxiliary cable and the displacement sensor to the cable clamp through the first connecting component. Compared with connecting the auxiliary cable and the displacement sensor to the cable clamp separately, this allows the auxiliary cable and the displacement sensor to be located at the same point on the cable clamp, such as on the center line of the cable clamp's length direction. That is, the connection point between the auxiliary cable and the cable clamp is on the center line of the cable clamp's length direction, and the connection point between the displacement sensor and the cable clamp is also on the center line of the length direction. This allows the auxiliary cable to connect the main cable intersection point (which can be a point on the center line of the cable clamp's length direction) to another main cable intersection point according to the initial design, instead of deviating from the center line of the cable clamp's length direction and being closer to the side of the cable clamp, thus improving monitoring accuracy. When subjected to complex loads, cable clamps may deform in addition to vertical translation, including torsion and bending. If the sensor is installed off-center, the torsion or bending of the cable clamp will cause the sensor to produce a displacement component in a non-target direction, i.e., a "false displacement." This displacement couples with the true vertical displacement, causing serious interference to the measurement results. By placing the measurement point on the geometric symmetry axis and stress neutral axis of the cable clamp, the influence of bending moment and torque caused by eccentric loading on the measurement can be minimized. This allows the sensor reading to more accurately reflect the pure vertical displacement of the main cable intersection, thereby fundamentally eliminating systematic errors and significantly improving monitoring accuracy. 4) The auxiliary cable and displacement sensor are installed on the first connecting component at the same time. Compared with the auxiliary cable and cable clamp having a single connector and the displacement sensor and cable clamp having a separate connector, this method improves monitoring accuracy and reduces installation steps. It only needs to be installed once, that is, the first connecting component is connected to the cable clamp, instead of multiple connectors being connected to the cable clamp separately. 5) By cooperating with multiple auxiliary cables, multiple displacement sensors and multiple first connecting components, the relative displacement of the main cable intersection can be monitored synchronously, which means the deformation of the hangers can be monitored. By monitoring multiple points synchronously, a relative displacement change diagram of the corresponding main cable intersection of each hanger can also be obtained. That is, based on the relative displacement of each main cable intersection of the suspension bridge, a relative displacement change diagram of the main cable intersection with the hanger number on the horizontal axis and the relative displacement on the vertical axis can be obtained, thereby further determining the damage type of the corresponding damaged hanger. 6) Since the relative displacement change at the main cable intersection is small, only a few centimeters or millimeters, if a displacement sensor is directly installed at the main cable intersection to directly monitor the change in distance between the main cable intersection and the ground, the measurement accuracy cannot meet the requirements. However, this invention connects the two ends of the auxiliary cable to the two main cable intersections respectively, and uses the rigidity of the auxiliary cable to transmit the displacement. The displacement sensor monitors the relative displacement between the main cable intersection and the auxiliary cable above the main cable intersection. This is equivalent to converting the tiny absolute displacement into a relative displacement for measurement, which can amplify the displacement change and thus improve the measurement accuracy.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, multiple wind speed sensors are also included. The wind speed sensors are connected to the first connecting component. The wind speed sensors are used to monitor the wind speed at the corresponding main cable intersection. When the wind speed detected by the wind speed sensor is greater than a set threshold, the central processing unit sets the received displacement information and the three-dimensional coordinate information of the displacement sensor as abnormal data.

[0014] Beneficial Effects: In the actual operating environment of suspension bridges, strong winds are a significant external factor affecting structural response. When wind speeds are high, the main cables and suspenders experience significant wind-induced vibrations. These vibrations may cause displacement sensors to detect non-structural displacement components caused by wind vibrations, rather than actual displacement changes resulting from damage to the suspenders themselves. Wind speed sensors monitor the wind speed at the corresponding main cable intersections in real time. When the detected wind speed exceeds a set threshold, it indicates that the environmental wind load is significantly interfering with the structure, and the data collected by the displacement sensors may contain considerable wind vibration noise. The central processing unit (CPU) sets the displacement information and displacement sensor 3D coordinates received in this state as abnormal data. This effectively avoids misjudging false displacements caused by wind vibrations as displacement changes caused by suspender damage, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of suspender health assessments and reducing false alarms and missed alarms.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first connecting component includes a first connecting plate and two first connecting members for providing connection points for the auxiliary cable; The first connecting plate is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes. The first connecting plate is fitted onto the cable clamp bolt through the first connecting holes and is connected to the cable clamp bolt. The first connector includes a second connecting plate and a first support plate that are perpendicular to each other and connected. Both the second connecting plate and the first support plate are connected to the first connecting plate. The second connecting plate is located on the center line of the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp along the length direction. The second connecting plate is provided with a second connecting hole, and the second connecting plate is connected to the auxiliary cable through the second connecting hole.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The first support plate increases the connection strength between the second connecting plate and the first connecting plate. The second connecting plate provides a connection point between the auxiliary cable and the second connecting plate through the second connecting hole. Since the upper surface of the cable clamp has length and width, the second connecting plate is located on the center line of the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp in the length direction. This allows the auxiliary cable to connect with the middle position of the cable clamp when it is connected to the cable clamp, that is, to connect the auxiliary cable with the main cable at the intersection point as much as possible, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the second connecting hole near the upper end of the second connecting plate is wavy, and the second connecting hole can be used to connect two auxiliary cables.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The inner wall of the second connecting hole near the upper part of the second connecting plate is wavy, that is, convex outward. This can limit the position of the auxiliary cable when it is connected to the second connecting plate. It also allows for selection of the number of auxiliary cables to be installed, such as suspenders No. 1, 2, and 3. If the suspension bridge is located in a harsh environment (e.g., strong winds), two auxiliary cables can be connected between suspenders No. 1 and No. 3 to improve monitoring accuracy. If the suspension bridge is located in a good environment, one auxiliary cable can be connected between suspenders No. 1 and No. 3. According to this invention, a single auxiliary cable can also be stably installed. Depending on the service life of the suspension bridge, for example, if the suspension bridge is old, two auxiliary cables can be connected between suspenders No. 1 and No. 3. The two parallel auxiliary cables construct a stable reference plane in space. Compared to a linear reference formed by a single cable, it has a stronger ability to resist lateral disturbances such as wind-induced vibration, providing a more stable reference for measurement. The displacement sensor magnetic ring is symmetrically connected between the two auxiliary cables through connectors, forming a balanced force structure. When the system is under force, this structure can effectively suppress the torsion and lateral displacement of the magnetic ring, ensuring that its movement trajectory is strictly along the vertical measurement axis, thereby eliminating eccentricity error. The dual-cable configuration provides hardware redundancy, enhances the long-term operational reliability and risk resistance of the monitoring system in harsh environments, ensures the continuity of monitoring data, and improves monitoring accuracy.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first connecting assembly further includes a first support member for placing a displacement sensor. The first support member includes a first support column connected to the first connecting plate, a universal joint, a second support column, and a connecting plate. The first support column is located between the two second connecting plates and is connected to the respective second connecting plates. The diameter of the first support column is greater than the width of the second connecting plate. The first support column and the second support column are connected by a universal joint. The displacement sensor is detachably connected to the second support column via the connecting plate.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The first support column connects to two first connecting plates, allowing for the installation of a universal joint and a second support column. This enables the displacement sensor and auxiliary cable to be located on a single first connecting assembly, and also ensures the displacement sensor is positioned on the centerline of the cable clamp's length direction. This minimizes system errors and interference factors, making the measured values ​​closer to the true displacement and improving monitoring accuracy. For example, if the sensor deviates from the centerline, its measurement point will be at a distance from the actual deformation center of the cable clamp (eccentricity). When the cable clamp twists or bends, eccentricity will cause the sensor measurement to include additional "false displacement" (such as the lateral component caused by twisting), rather than pure axial or target-direction displacement. When the sensor is on the centerline, the measurement point coincides with the deformation center of the cable clamp. Geometric symmetry minimizes the impact of twisting or bending on the measured value, ensuring that the measured value only reflects the displacement in the target direction, thereby reducing system errors. For example, when the cable clamp is under stress (such as cable tension, wind vibration, etc.), its internal stress distribution is usually symmetrical about the centerline. If the sensor deviates from the centerline, it may be located in a stress concentration area (such as an edge or corner), causing the measured value to be affected by local stress fluctuations rather than overall deformation. The stress distribution is more uniform at the centerline position, and the sensor measurement value can better reflect the overall deformation trend of the cable clamp rather than local anomalies, thus improving data reliability. The diameter of the first support column is larger than the width of the second connecting plate. The first support column is also connected to the first connecting plate. Compared with the second connecting plate, the contact area between the first support column and the first connecting plate is increased. The first support column can also enhance the connection strength between the second connecting plate and the first connecting plate. Because the main cable of the suspension bridge is curved, and all displacement sensors need to be kept perpendicular to the horizontal plane, that is, perpendicular to the bridge deck (assuming the bridge deck is parallel), the first support column and the second support column are connected by a universal joint, which allows the displacement sensor at any position on the main cable to be kept perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The displacement sensor can be detachably connected to the second support column through the connecting plate, which makes it easy to replace the displacement sensor.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second support column is provided with a through hole for placing a displacement sensor, the second support column and the connecting plate are bolted together, the connecting plate is provided with a strip hole, one end of the displacement sensor measuring rod passes through the strip hole, the displacement sensor measuring rod is connected to the first nut, and the first nut abuts against the upper surface of the connecting plate.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The via hole can be used to house the displacement sensor electronic compartment, and also serves to shield the displacement sensor electronic compartment from rainwater, protecting the equipment performance and extending its service life. It can also provide a through channel for the displacement sensor cable. The via hole, combined with the universal joint, allows the displacement sensor cable to be smoothly connected to the displacement sensor, and allows the displacement sensor to rotate within a 180° range in the plane as needed, ensuring that the displacement sensor is always perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The connection plate, the first nut, the displacement sensor measuring rod, the second support column, the strip hole, and the via hole work together to ensure that the displacement sensor is stably located in the second support column.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second connecting component includes a second connecting member sleeved on the magnetic ring of the displacement sensor, and a plurality of connecting rings that can slide and engage with the second connecting member. The second connecting member includes a connecting cylinder and two symmetrically arranged connecting posts. The connecting cylinder is sleeved on the magnetic ring of the displacement sensor, and the two connecting posts are respectively connected to the connecting cylinder. The lower end face of the connecting post is provided with a placement groove, and a connecting rod is provided along the length direction of the connecting post in the placement groove. The connecting rings slide and engage with the connecting rods. The connecting rings are elastic and have a notch at the lower end, which can be used to engage with the auxiliary cable.

[0024] In this method, hold both ends of the lower notch of the connecting ring, expand the connecting ring outward, so that the auxiliary cable is in the connecting ring, release the connecting ring, and the connecting ring will engage with the corresponding auxiliary cable.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The magnetic ring can be connected to two connecting columns through the connecting cylinder. The connecting ring allows the magnetic ring to be indirectly and always connected to the auxiliary cable, so that the magnetic ring can monitor the displacement between the auxiliary cable and the cable clamp. The setting of the connecting rod and multiple connecting rings can flexibly adjust the position and number of connecting rings according to the needs. For example, for rods No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3, there are two auxiliary cables connected between rods No. 1 and No. 3, and two connecting rings can be selected. Furthermore, since the first support column is located between the two second connecting plates, it not only enhances the connection strength between the second and first connecting plates but also allows for symmetrical arrangement of the two connecting columns, with the magnetic ring in the middle and the two connecting columns on either side of the magnetic ring. Because the two second connecting plates are located on either side of the first support column, the two auxiliary cables connecting booms 1 and 3 are also located on either side of the magnetic ring. The magnetic ring is connected to the corresponding auxiliary cables via connecting rings on both sides. Compared to a magnetic ring located outside the two auxiliary cables (i.e., the two auxiliary cables are on the same side of the magnetic ring), the magnetic ring's trajectory is more susceptible to uneven tension distribution in the auxiliary cables. For example, if booms 1 and 3 are subjected to asymmetrical forces, the auxiliary cables may experience lateral shifts or twisting, resulting in an eccentricity between the magnetic ring center and the theoretical displacement axis (such as the boom axis). This eccentricity introduces an additional lateral displacement component, causing the "total displacement" measured by the displacement sensor to contain spurious errors. In this invention, the magnetic ring is located between two auxiliary cables. When the boom or auxiliary cables deform, the magnetic ring is balanced by the tension on both sides and is more likely to move along the theoretical displacement axis (such as the axial direction). The eccentricity error is significantly reduced and the measured value is closer to the true displacement.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a limiting component is further included. The limiting component includes two opposing limiting members used for limiting and providing support, respectively. The limiting member includes a first limiting post, a second limiting post, and a spring. The first limiting post is connected to the side of the first connecting plate. The inner side of the first limiting post is provided with a first receiving groove for accommodating the second limiting post. The lower surface of the first connecting plate is provided with a second receiving groove, one end of which is connected to the side of the first connecting plate. The second receiving groove is arranged along the length direction of the first connecting plate. One end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the second receiving groove, and the other end is connected to the second limiting post. The upper end of the second limiting post abuts against the inner wall of the second receiving groove. The second limiting post can be located inside the first limiting post through the first receiving groove.

[0027] Beneficial effects: Depending on the needs, the measurement system can be installed during the construction of the suspension bridge or after the suspension bridge is built. This invention can be applied to different scenarios as needed, ensuring that the first connecting component is always stably connected to the cable clamp. For example, when constructing a suspension bridge, the first connecting component is connected to the cable clamp before connecting the second nut to the bolt on the cable clamp. At this time, the first connecting plate can fit against the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp, and the second limiting post is located inside the first limiting post. The second limiting post on both sides of the first connecting plate and the first limiting post cooperate to limit the first connecting plate in the length direction of the cable clamp, which can limit the lateral displacement of the first connecting plate and prevent the bolt from loosening due to lateral impact or vibration. After the suspension bridge is constructed, the second nut is already connected to the bolts on the cable clamp. At this time, when the first connecting assembly is connected to the cable clamp through the bolts on the cable clamp, due to the height of the second nut, the first connecting plate on the first connecting assembly fits against the upper surface of the second nut through the first connecting hole, but the rest of the first connecting plate is suspended. Local contact will cause stress concentration, that is, the stress in the contact area is much higher than the average stress, which may lead to local deformation or fatigue cracks in the first connecting plate. The suspension of the rest of the first connecting plate means that under the action of lateral forces (such as wind vibration, vibration caused by vehicle load) or bending moment, the suspended area will undergo free deformation, causing the overall stress state of the first connecting plate to deviate from the design expectation. The two second limiting posts can provide support for the first connecting plate, distribute the load, reduce stress concentration, prevent the suspended part of the first connecting plate from undergoing free deformation, and extend the service life of the first connecting plate. The first limiting posts can also limit the first connecting plate in the length direction of the cable clamp, align the first connecting plate with the side of the cable clamp, limit the lateral displacement of the first connecting plate, and prevent the bolts from loosening due to lateral impact or vibration.

[0028] A second objective of this invention is to provide a measurement method for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge. Applied to the aforementioned measurement system for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge, the method further includes the following steps: S1: The displacement sensor is mounted on the first support of the first connecting assembly; S2: Repeat S1, install corresponding displacement sensors on the first support of all first connecting components, and install the first connecting plate of the first connecting component on the cable clamp; S3: Repeat S2, install the first connecting assembly at the cable clamps where all the hangers of the suspension bridge connect to the main cable, and adjust the position of each displacement sensor through the universal joint so that each displacement sensor is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. S4: The cable clamps on both sides of one of the suspension bridge's hangers are connected by an auxiliary cable. The connecting ring on the second connecting assembly is engaged with the auxiliary cable, and the displacement sensor is indirectly connected to the auxiliary cable through the connecting ring. S5: Repeat S4. All cable clamps connecting the suspension bridge suspenders to the main cable are connected to auxiliary cables. Displacement sensors monitor the displacement between the intersection of the auxiliary cables and the main cable at a preset frequency and transmit the monitored displacement information to the central processing unit. The central processing unit takes the first displacement information transmitted by the displacement sensor as the initial displacement and the subsequent displacement information transmitted by the displacement sensor as the second displacement information. S6: The central processing unit compares the second displacement information with the first displacement information to obtain the relative displacement of the main cable intersection. If the relative displacement of the main cable intersection is greater than the preset threshold, the central processing unit controls the alarm to emit an audible and visual signal.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, S1 further includes the following steps: S101: The displacement sensor electronic compartment is located in the through hole. The displacement sensor cable is connected to the displacement sensor electronic compartment through the through hole. The connecting plate is sleeved on the displacement sensor measuring rod through the strip hole. The connecting plate is bolted to the second support column. The displacement sensor measuring rod is connected to the first nut. The first nut abuts against the upper surface of the connecting plate.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, S2 further includes the following steps: S201: When the second nut is not installed on the cable clamp bolt, the first connecting plate is sleeved on the cable clamp bolt, the first connecting plate is in contact with the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp, the spring is stretched, the second limiting post is located inside the first limiting post, the inner surface of the second limiting post and the inner surface of the first limiting post are in contact with the outer side of the cable clamp, the two limiting parts and the cable clamp cooperate to limit the first connecting plate, and then the second nut is connected to the cable clamp bolt to limit the first connecting plate on the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp; When the second nut is installed on the cable clamp bolt, the first connecting plate is sleeved on the cable clamp bolt, the second limiting post abuts against the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp, the first limiting post fits against the outer side of the cable clamp, the two second limiting posts cooperate to provide support for the first connecting plate, the two first limiting posts and the cable clamp cooperate to limit the first connecting plate, and then the first connecting plate is limited on the cable clamp by connecting the third nut to the cable clamp bolt. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first connecting component, displacement sensor, and second connecting component in the measurement system of the present invention for measuring the displacement of the intersection point of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first connecting component, displacement sensor, and second connecting component from another angle in the measurement system of the present invention for measuring the displacement of the intersection point of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge. Figure 3 This is another angular structural diagram of the first connecting component, displacement sensor, and second connecting component in the measurement system of the present invention for measuring the displacement of the intersection point of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge. Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of position A in the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at position B of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first connecting component, displacement sensor, and second connecting component at another angle in the measurement system of the present invention for measuring the displacement of the intersection point of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at position C of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the installation of displacement sensors and auxiliary cables in the measurement system of the present invention for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge; Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the measurement method of the present invention for measuring the relative displacement of the intersection point of the main cables of a suspension bridge. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of the present invention will be specifically described in the following description. It should be understood that the present invention can have various variations in different embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the descriptions and illustrations herein are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," "side," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the structure referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0034] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Explanation: The displacement sensor includes a magnetic ring. The magnetic ring moves with the object being measured. Its magnetic field interacts with the annular magnetic field inside the waveguide of the displacement sensor, triggering the magnetostrictive effect. The movement of the magnetic ring directly reflects the displacement of the object being measured.

[0036] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: displacement sensor magnetic ring 101, displacement sensor measuring rod 102, displacement sensor electronic compartment 103, first connecting plate 201, first connecting hole 202, second connecting plate 203, first support plate 204, second connecting hole 205, first support column 206, universal joint 207, second support column 208, connecting plate 209, through hole 210, strip hole 211, first nut 212, connecting retaining ring 301, connecting cylinder 302, connecting column 303, placement groove 304, connecting rod 305, first limiting post 401, second limiting post 402, spring 403, first receiving groove 404, and second receiving groove 405.

[0037] A measurement system for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspenders of a suspension bridge includes multiple first connection components, multiple displacement sensors and multiple auxiliary cables, as well as multiple wind speed sensors, a central processing unit and an alarm.

[0038] like Figure 8 As shown, the displacement sensor is used to monitor the displacement between the main cable intersection and the auxiliary cable, such as... Figure 1 , 2As shown, the displacement sensor includes a displacement sensor magnetic ring 101, a displacement sensor measuring rod 102, and a displacement sensor electronic compartment 103. The displacement sensor measuring rod 102 and the displacement sensor electronic compartment 103 are connected, and the displacement sensor magnetic ring 101 is fitted onto the displacement sensor measuring rod 102.

[0039] The displacement sensor magnetic ring 101 is provided with a second connecting assembly for connecting the magnetic ring to the auxiliary cable. The second connecting assembly includes a second connecting member sleeved on the displacement sensor magnetic ring 101, and a plurality of connecting rings 301 that can slide and cooperate with the second connecting member. The second connecting member includes a connecting cylinder 302 and two symmetrically arranged connecting posts 303. The connecting cylinder 302 is sleeved on the displacement sensor magnetic ring 101, and the two connecting posts 303 are respectively connected to the connecting cylinder 302. Figure 3 , 5 As shown, the lower end face of the connecting post 303 is provided with a placement groove 304, and the placement groove 304 is provided with a connecting rod 305 along the length direction of the connecting post 303. The connecting ring 301 is slidably engaged with the connecting rod 305. The connecting ring 301 is elastic and has a notch at its lower end, which can be used to engage with the auxiliary cable.

[0040] In this embodiment, there are four connecting rings 301. Two connecting rings 301 are provided on each connecting rod 305. A connecting ring is provided at the sliding engagement point between the connecting ring 301 and the connecting rod 305, and the connecting ring 301 slides with the connecting rod 305 through the connecting ring.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the first connecting assembly includes a first connecting plate 201, a limiting assembly, two first connectors for providing connection points for the auxiliary cable, and a first support for placing a displacement sensor.

[0042] The first connecting plate 201 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes 202. The number of first connecting holes 202 is the same as the number of bolts on one side of the cable clamp (the cable clamp has two bolt connecting planes, which are located on both sides of the main cable respectively, and the first connecting plate is located on one of the bolt connecting planes). The first connecting plate 201 is fitted onto the cable clamp bolts through the first connecting holes 202 and is connected to the cable clamp bolts.

[0043] In this embodiment, the wind speed sensor has mounting holes, and the wind speed sensor is bolted to the first connecting plate 201 through the mounting holes, so that the wind speed sensor is stably placed on the first connecting plate.

[0044] like Figure 1As shown, the first connector includes a second connecting plate 203 and a first support plate 204 that are perpendicular to each other and connected. Both the second connecting plate 203 and the first support plate 204 are connected to the first connecting plate 201. The second connecting plate 203 is located on the center line of the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp along the length direction (the second connecting plate 203 is located on the center line of the length direction of the first connecting plate 201). The second connecting plate 203 is provided with a second connecting hole 205, and the second connecting plate 203 is connected to the auxiliary cable through the second connecting hole 205.

[0045] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the second connecting hole 205 near the upper end of the second connecting plate 203 is wavy, and the second connecting hole 205 can be used to connect two auxiliary cables. Specifically, the wavy shape can be a heart-shaped upper half, or it can be a series of outwardly convex arc segments, an inwardly concave arc segment, and an outwardly convex arc segment connected in sequence, with the inwardly concave arc segment being shorter.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first support plate 204 is an isosceles trapezoid, and the first support plate 204 can increase the connection strength between the second connecting plate 203 and the first connecting plate 201.

[0047] like Figure 1 , 4 As shown, the first support member includes a first support column 206 connected to the first connecting plate 201, a universal joint 207, a second support column 208, a connecting plate 209, and a first nut 212. The first support column 206 is located between the two second connecting plates 203 and is connected to the corresponding second connecting plates 203 respectively. The diameter of the first support column 206 is larger than the width of the second connecting plate 203. The center of the first support column 206 is located on the center line of the length direction of the first connecting plate 201. The first support column 206 and the second support column 208 are connected by the universal joint 207. The displacement sensor is detachably connected to the second support column 208 through the connecting plate 209.

[0048] The first support column 206 can rotate in the vertical plane via the universal joint 207.

[0049] like Figure 1 , 4 As shown, the second support column 208 is provided with a through hole 210 for placing a displacement sensor. The second support column 208 and the connecting plate 209 are bolted together. The connecting plate 209 is provided with a strip hole 211. One end of the displacement sensor measuring rod 102 passes through the strip hole 211. The displacement sensor measuring rod 102 is connected to the first nut 212. The first nut 212 abuts against the upper surface of the connecting plate 209.

[0050] The limiting assembly includes two opposing limiting elements, one for limiting and the other for providing support, such as... Figure 6 , 7As shown, the limiting component includes a first limiting post 401, a second limiting post 402, and a spring 403. The first limiting post 401 is connected to the side of the first connecting plate 201. The inner side of the first limiting post 401 is provided with a first receiving groove 404 for accommodating the second limiting post 402. The lower surface of the first connecting plate 201 is provided with a second receiving groove 405, one end of which is connected to the side of the first connecting plate 201. The second receiving groove 405 is arranged along the length direction of the first connecting plate 201. One end of the spring 403 is connected to the inner wall of the second receiving groove 405, and the other end is connected to the second limiting post 402. The upper end of the second limiting post 402 abuts against the inner wall of the second receiving groove 405. The second limiting post 402 can be located inside the first limiting post 401 through the first receiving groove 404.

[0051] The central processing unit is used to receive and process displacement information monitored by displacement sensors, and also to control the activation and deactivation of alarms.

[0052] The displacement sensor transmits the first displacement information between the main cable intersection and the auxiliary cable, which is detected for the first time, to the central processing unit and serves as the initial displacement. The displacement sensor transmits the second displacement information between the main cable intersection and the auxiliary cable, which is detected, to the central processing unit at a preset frequency. The central processing unit compares the second displacement information with the initial displacement to obtain the relative displacement of the main cable intersection. If the relative displacement of the main cable intersection is greater than a preset threshold, the central processing unit controls the alarm to emit an audible and visual signal.

[0053] The displacement sensor is equipped with a positioning module, which transmits the three-dimensional coordinate information of the displacement sensor to the central processing unit at a preset frequency. The central processing unit analyzes the three-dimensional coordinates of the displacement sensor at different times.

[0054] In this embodiment, the deflection angle of the main cable intersection is determined solely by the positioning module. Since the three-dimensional coordinates of the main cable intersection are measured at different times by the positioning module to obtain the change of the main cable intersection, the accuracy of the result obtained in this way cannot meet the requirements. For example, the GPS positioning module is difficult to achieve millimeter-level accuracy. Therefore, the positioning module is only used as an auxiliary reference to comprehensively evaluate the spatial attitude change of the main cable intersection in combination with the monitoring data of the displacement sensor.

[0055] It also includes multiple wind speed sensors, which are connected to the first connecting component. The wind speed sensors are used to monitor the wind speed at the corresponding main cable intersection. When the wind speed detected by the wind speed sensor is greater than a set threshold, the central processing unit sets the received displacement information and the three-dimensional coordinate information of the displacement sensor as abnormal data.

[0056] In this embodiment, the wind speed sensor is a miniature thermal wind speed sensor.

[0057] The measurement method used to measure the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge is applied to the measurement system described above for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge, such as... Figure 9 As shown, it also includes the following steps: S1: The displacement sensor is mounted on the first support of the first connecting assembly; Specifically, S1 also includes the following steps: S101: The displacement sensor electronic compartment 103 is located in the through hole 210. The displacement sensor cable is connected to the displacement sensor electronic compartment 103 through the through hole 210. The connecting plate 209 is sleeved on the displacement sensor measuring rod 102 through the strip hole 211. The connecting plate 209 is bolted to the second support column 208. The displacement sensor measuring rod 102 is connected to the first nut 212. The first nut 212 abuts against the upper surface of the connecting plate 209.

[0058] S2: Repeat S1, install corresponding displacement sensors on the first support of all first connecting components, and install the first connecting plate 201 of the first connecting component on the cable clamp. Specifically, S2 also includes the following steps: S201: When the second nut is not installed on the cable clamp bolt (that is, when the suspension bridge is under construction), the first connecting plate 201 is sleeved on the cable clamp bolt, the first connecting plate 201 is in contact with the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp, the spring 403 is stretched, the second limiting post 402 is located inside the first limiting post 401, the inner surface of the second limiting post 402 and the inner surface of the first limiting post 401 are in contact with the outer side of the cable clamp, the two limiting parts and the cable clamp cooperate to limit the first connecting plate 201, and then the second nut is connected to the cable clamp bolt to limit the first connecting plate 201 on the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp; When the second nut has been installed on the cable clamp bolt (that is, after the suspension bridge is built), the first connecting plate 201 is fitted onto the cable clamp bolt, the second limiting post 402 abuts against the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp, the first limiting post 401 fits against the outer side of the cable clamp, the two second limiting posts 402 cooperate to provide support for the first connecting plate 201, the two first limiting posts 401 and the cable clamp cooperate to limit the first connecting plate 201, and then the first connecting plate 201 is limited on the cable clamp by connecting to the cable clamp bolt through the third nut.

[0059] S3: Repeat S2, install the first connecting assembly at the cable clamps where all the hangers of the suspension bridge connect to the main cable, and adjust the position of each displacement sensor through the universal joint 207 so that each displacement sensor is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. S4: The cable clamps on both sides of one of the suspension bridge's hangers are connected by an auxiliary cable. The connecting ring 301 on the second connecting assembly is engaged with the auxiliary cable, and the displacement sensor is indirectly connected to the auxiliary cable through the connecting ring 301. S5: Repeat S4. All cable clamps connecting the suspension bridge suspenders to the main cable are connected to auxiliary cables. Displacement sensors monitor the displacement between the intersection of the auxiliary cables and the main cable at a preset frequency and transmit the monitored displacement information to the central processing unit. The central processing unit takes the first displacement information transmitted by the displacement sensor as the initial displacement and the subsequent displacement information transmitted by the displacement sensor as the second displacement information. S6: The central processing unit compares the second displacement information with the first displacement information to obtain the relative displacement of the main cable intersection. If the relative displacement of the main cable intersection is greater than the preset threshold, the central processing unit controls the alarm to emit an audible and visual signal.

[0060] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring system for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge, characterized in that: The system includes multiple first connecting components, multiple displacement sensors, multiple auxiliary cables, and a central processing unit. The first connecting components are connected to the suspension bridge cable clamps. The first connecting components are used to place the displacement sensors and keep them in a vertical position at all times, and to provide connection points for the auxiliary cables. The two ends of the auxiliary cables are respectively connected to the intersection points of the main cables on both sides of a suspender through corresponding first connecting components. The magnetic ring on the displacement sensor is provided with a second connecting component for locking and limiting the magnetic ring to the auxiliary cable. The displacement sensor is used to monitor the displacement between the intersection point of the main cable and the auxiliary cable above the intersection point of the main cable. The central processing unit is used to receive and process the displacement information monitored by the displacement sensor. The displacement sensor transmits the displacement information between the main cable intersection and the auxiliary cable above the main cable intersection to the central processing unit at a preset frequency. The displacement sensor is equipped with a positioning module, which transmits the three-dimensional coordinate information of the displacement sensor to the central processing unit at a preset frequency. The central processing unit analyzes the three-dimensional coordinates of the displacement sensor at different times.

2. The measuring system for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes multiple wind speed sensors, which are connected to the first connecting component. The wind speed sensors are used to monitor the wind speed at the corresponding main cable intersection. When the wind speed detected by the wind speed sensor is greater than a set threshold, the central processing unit sets the received displacement information and the three-dimensional coordinate information of the displacement sensor as abnormal data.

3. The measuring system for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting assembly includes a first connecting plate and two first connectors for providing connection points for the auxiliary cable; The first connecting plate is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes. The first connecting plate is fitted onto the cable clamp bolt through the first connecting holes and is connected to the cable clamp bolt. The first connector includes a second connecting plate and a first support plate that are perpendicular to each other and connected. Both the second connecting plate and the first support plate are connected to the first connecting plate. The second connecting plate is located on the center line of the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp along the length direction. The second connecting plate is provided with a second connecting hole, and the second connecting plate is connected to the auxiliary cable through the second connecting hole.

4. The measuring system for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first connecting assembly further includes a first support member for placing a displacement sensor. The first support member includes a first support column connected to the first connecting plate, a universal joint, a second support column, and a connecting plate. The first support column is located between the two second connecting plates and is connected to the respective second connecting plates. The diameter of the first support column is greater than the width of the second connecting plate. The first support column and the second support column are connected by a universal joint. The displacement sensor is detachably connected to the second support column via the connecting plate.

5. The measuring system for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second support column is provided with a through hole for placing the displacement sensor. The second support column and the connecting plate are bolted together. The connecting plate is provided with a strip hole. One end of the displacement sensor measuring rod passes through the strip hole. The displacement sensor measuring rod is connected to the first nut. The first nut abuts against the upper surface of the connecting plate.

6. The measuring system for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting assembly includes a second connecting member sleeved on the displacement sensor magnetic ring, and a plurality of connecting rings that can slide with the second connecting member. The second connecting member includes a connecting cylinder and two symmetrically arranged connecting posts. The connecting cylinder is sleeved on the displacement sensor magnetic ring, and the two connecting posts are respectively connected to the connecting cylinder. The lower end face of the connecting post is provided with a placement groove, and a connecting rod is provided along the length direction of the connecting post. The connecting ring slides with the connecting rod. The connecting ring is elastic and has a notch at the lower end, which can be used to engage with the auxiliary cable.

7. The measuring system for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting assembly, which includes two opposing limiting members used for limiting and providing support, respectively. The limiting members include a first limiting post, a second limiting post, and a spring. The first limiting post is connected to the side of the first connecting plate. The inner side of the first limiting post is provided with a first receiving groove for accommodating the second limiting post. The lower surface of the first connecting plate is provided with a second receiving groove, one end of which is connected to the side of the first connecting plate. The second receiving groove is arranged along the length direction of the first connecting plate. One end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the second receiving groove, and the other end is connected to the second limiting post. The upper end of the second limiting post abuts against the inner wall of the second receiving groove. The second limiting post can be located inside the first limiting post through the first receiving groove.

8. A measurement method for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge, characterized in that: The measurement system applied to any one of claims 1-7 for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge further includes the following steps: S1: The displacement sensor is mounted on the first support of the first connecting assembly; S2: Repeat S1, install corresponding displacement sensors on the first support of all first connecting components, and install the first connecting plate of the first connecting component on the cable clamp; S3: Repeat S2, install the first connecting assembly at the cable clamps where all the hangers of the suspension bridge connect to the main cable, and adjust the position of each displacement sensor through the universal joint so that each displacement sensor is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. S4: The cable clamps on both sides of one of the suspension bridge's hangers are connected by an auxiliary cable. The connecting ring on the second connecting assembly is engaged with the auxiliary cable, and the displacement sensor is indirectly connected to the auxiliary cable through the connecting ring. S5: Repeat S4. All cable clamps connecting the suspension bridge suspenders to the main cable are connected to auxiliary cables. Displacement sensors monitor the displacement between the intersection of the auxiliary cables and the main cable at a preset frequency and transmit the monitored displacement information to the central processing unit. The central processing unit takes the first displacement information transmitted by the displacement sensor as the initial displacement and the subsequent displacement information transmitted by the displacement sensor as the second displacement information. S6: The central processing unit compares the second displacement information with the first displacement information to obtain the relative displacement of the main cable intersection. If the relative displacement of the main cable intersection is greater than the preset threshold, the central processing unit controls the alarm to emit an audible and visual signal.

9. The measurement method for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge according to claim 8, characterized in that: S1 also includes the following steps: S101: The displacement sensor electronic compartment is located in the through hole. The displacement sensor cable is connected to the displacement sensor electronic compartment through the through hole. The connecting plate is sleeved on the displacement sensor measuring rod through the strip hole. The connecting plate is bolted to the second support column. The displacement sensor measuring rod is connected to the first nut. The first nut abuts against the upper surface of the connecting plate.

10. The measurement method for measuring the displacement at the intersection of the main cable and the suspender of a suspension bridge according to claim 8, characterized in that: S2 also includes the following steps: S201: When the second nut is not installed on the cable clamp bolt, the first connecting plate is sleeved on the cable clamp bolt, the first connecting plate is in contact with the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp, the spring is stretched, the second limiting post is located inside the first limiting post, the inner surface of the second limiting post and the inner surface of the first limiting post are in contact with the outer side of the cable clamp, the two limiting parts and the cable clamp cooperate to limit the first connecting plate, and then the second nut is connected to the cable clamp bolt to limit the first connecting plate on the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp; When the second nut is installed on the cable clamp bolt, the first connecting plate is sleeved on the cable clamp bolt, the second limiting post abuts against the bolt connection plane of the cable clamp, the first limiting post fits against the outer side of the cable clamp, the two second limiting posts cooperate to provide support for the first connecting plate, the two first limiting posts and the cable clamp cooperate to limit the first connecting plate, and then the first connecting plate is limited on the cable clamp by connecting the third nut to the cable clamp bolt.

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