Portable tunnel rock wall crack gushing water pressure rapid detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention provides a portable tunnel rock wall crack gushing water pressure rapid detection device and detection method, and belongs to the technical field of underground engineering gushing water detection, the portable tunnel rock wall crack gushing water pressure rapid detection device comprises a water conduit and a wall-attached sealing cover, and the water conduit is provided with a water pressure gauge, a self-adaptive gas release pressure stabilizing valve and a drain valve; the wall-attached sealing cover is installed at the water inlet end of the water diversion pipe and attached to a crack of a rock wall, and a sealing cavity is formed around water gushing of the crack. And an annular elastic rubber ring which is elastically sealed with the rock wall is arranged at the front end of the wall-attached sealing cover. The tunnel rock wall crack water gushing detection device can achieve crack water gushing detection without drilling holes in a rock wall and only by attaching the wall-attached sealing cover to the rock wall, is simple and light in structure and convenient to carry, achieves immediate adjustment of the detection position, breaks through the limitation of a traditional drilling pressure measurement mode, achieves rapid, accurate and non-destructive detection of tunnel rock wall crack water gushing water pressure, and meanwhile improves the detection efficiency. And portability, economical efficiency and field adaptability are all considered, and efficient technical support is provided for early warning of water inrush disasters and construction safety guarantee.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground engineering water inrush detection technology, specifically relating to a portable rapid detection device and method for water pressure inrush in tunnel rock wall fissures. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel construction, water inrush from rock fissures is one of the most common and dangerous geological hazards in underground engineering. The water pressure of this inrush directly reflects the intensity of groundwater dynamics and is a crucial parameter influencing the scale of the inrush and the risk level of the sudden inrush, significantly impacting the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock and construction safety. If the water pressure distribution characteristics of the rock fissure inrush cannot be monitored in a timely manner during construction, it can easily lead to serious accidents such as sudden water inrush, collapse, or even equipment flooding, causing significant losses to project safety and economic benefits. Therefore, achieving rapid and accurate detection of water pressure from tunnel rock fissures is of great engineering significance for scientifically assessing the risk level of sudden inrush, developing seepage prevention and water control plans, and ensuring construction safety.

[0003] Currently, water pressure detection in tunnels mainly relies on borehole pressure measurement systems or fixed pressure sensing monitoring devices. While these devices offer high measurement accuracy, they generally suffer from problems such as complex structure, long deployment time, bulky equipment, high cost, and poor field adaptability. Especially in the initial stage of sudden water inrush or localized leakage, these devices often require drilling holes in the rock wall and then embedding pressure measuring pipes or sensing elements. This not only makes the construction process cumbersome and time-consuming but may also damage the original rock structure and fissure water channels, causing secondary leakage or interfering with the actual water pressure status. At the same time, fixed pressure measurement systems are mostly used for long-term monitoring and lack portability and rapid response capabilities, making them difficult to meet the actual needs of "install and measure immediately, non-destructive testing" on construction sites.

[0004] Existing technologies generally suffer from limitations such as slow response, restricted deployment, and insufficient applicability, making it difficult to meet the requirements for efficient, accurate, and flexible pressure measurement in the event of sudden water inrush. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a portable detection device that is compact, easy to operate, and possesses adaptive wall sealing and real-time pressure measurement capabilities. This device would overcome the limitations of traditional borehole pressure measurement methods in complex geological environments, enabling rapid, accurate, and non-destructive detection of water pressure from tunnel rock wall fissures. This would provide strong support for rapid early warning of sudden water inrush disasters and for construction safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a portable rapid detection device and method for detecting water pressure in tunnel rock wall fissures, aiming to achieve rapid, accurate and non-destructive measurement of water pressure in tunnel fissures without the need for drilling.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from cracks in tunnel rock walls, comprising: The water inlet pipe is equipped with a water pressure gauge, an adaptive venting and pressure regulating valve, and a drain valve; and A wall-mounted sealing cover is installed at the inlet end of the water pipe to adhere to the rock wall and form a sealed cavity around the fissure water inflow, guiding the fissure water sealed by the sealed cavity into the water pipe; the front end of the wall-mounted sealing cover is provided with an annular elastic rubber ring that elastically seals with the rock wall.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one feasible embodiment, the device further includes an adhesive injection and sealing mechanism, which includes an annular injection pipe fixed to the inner side of the wall-mounted sealing cover, an adhesive storage cylinder connected to the annular injection pipe via an injection pipe, and a micro pump connected to the adhesive storage cylinder; the annular injection pipe is uniformly provided with a plurality of injection holes facing the rock wall along the circumferential direction. Driven by the micro-pump, the adhesive liquid in the storage cylinder is sprayed out from the injection hole and forms a ring to seal the inner ring of the sealing cavity, thereby blocking the water outlet channel around the crack where water is flowing out.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the device further includes a one-way valve mounted on the dispensing tube to prevent backflow of adhesive.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one feasible manner, the injection tube is a flexible tube, and the wall-mounted sealing cover is provided with a pipe joint that connects to the annular injection tube, with the injection tube inserted into the pipe joint.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one feasible manner, the inlet end of the water inlet pipe is also provided with a stopcock valve, which is located outside the wall-mounted sealing cover. The stopcock valve is closed before the wall-mounted sealing cover is attached to the rock wall and is opened after the water outlet channel around the crack is sealed with adhesive to prevent adhesive from entering the water inlet pipe and clogging it.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one feasible manner, the inner wall of the wall-mounted sealing cover is a conical guide slope that guides the gushing water from the fissure into the water inlet pipe.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one feasible manner, the water inlet pipe is a bent pipe, and is divided into a pressure relief pipe section, a bent connecting pipe section, and a pressure measuring pipe section sequentially from the water inlet end to the water outlet end; the water pressure gauge is installed on the pressure measuring pipe section, the adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve is installed on the pressure relief pipe section, and the wall-mounted sealing cover is installed at the front end of the pressure relief pipe section; Water gushing from fissures carrying air bubbles and stagnant gas is introduced into the pressure relief pipe section. After being vented by the adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve, the water gushing from fissures with balanced gas and liquid pressure smoothly enters the pressure measuring pipe section after being redirected and released energy through two bends in the bend connecting pipe section, and a stable water pressure value is measured.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one feasible manner, the front end of the wall-mounted sealing cover is provided with an annular groove, and the annular elastic rubber ring is elastically engaged in the annular groove. The annular elastic rubber ring has an annular sealing part for elastic deformation sealing and a engaging part for engaging into the annular groove.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one feasible manner, the annular groove is a T-shaped groove, the shape of the snap-fit ​​portion is adapted to the T-shaped groove, and the radial cross-section of the annular sealing portion is semi-circular.

[0015] In response to the problems raised in the background art, and in conjunction with the technical features provided by this invention, the following analysis is provided: (1) Current devices often require drilling holes in the rock face and then embedding pressure measuring pipes or sensing elements, which is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but may also damage the original rock structure and fissure water channels, causing secondary leakage or interfering with the actual water pressure state: This invention uses a wall-mounted sealing cover that is directly attached to the rock wall surface around the water inflow point in the fissure, eliminating the need for drilling and fundamentally avoiding damage to the rock structure and the water channels in the fissure. The front-end annular elastic rubber ring has elastic sealing capabilities, which can adapt to the unevenness of the rock wall surface and form a stable sealing cavity between the sealing cover and the rock wall. This ensures that the water pressure in the sealing cavity is consistent with the actual water pressure of the water flowing from the fissure, eliminating the data distortion problem caused by structural damage.

[0016] (2) Regarding the problems that traditional devices are complex and bulky, have long deployment cycles, and are fixed monitoring solutions, lacking portability and rapid response capabilities, making it difficult to meet the emergency needs of "install and test immediately" at construction sites: The core of the detection device provided by this invention consists of a wall-mounted sealing cover and a water inlet pipe. It has a compact structure and is lightweight, making it easy for construction personnel to carry to any detection point on site. During detection, the sealing cover only needs to be attached to the water inflow point and fixed, without complicated burial procedures or equipment setup, achieving "install and test immediately" and enabling rapid water pressure detection. The water inlet pipe integrates a water pressure gauge, which can read water pressure data in real time, achieving rapid water pressure detection. This solves the problem of lag in response of traditional equipment and is suitable for the rapid detection needs in the early stages of sudden water inflow.

[0017] (3) Regarding the current problems of poor on-site adaptability and high cost of the equipment: The core of the device provided by this invention consists of a wall-mounted sealing cover and a water inlet pipe, equipped with an adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve, a drain valve, and a water pressure gauge. It requires no additional auxiliary equipment, has a simple structure, and reduces the overall cost of the device. The elastic properties of the annular elastic rubber ring can adapt to rock wall surfaces with different flatness, improving sealing reliability and making it suitable for detecting local seepage points in complex geological environments. The adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve can discharge air from the sealing cavity and the water inlet pipe, avoiding water pressure measurement fluctuations caused by gas interference, and further improving measurement accuracy.

[0018] Therefore, the portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from tunnel rock wall fissures provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: (1) Achieve non-destructive testing to ensure the accuracy of water pressure data. The device provided by this invention performs water pressure detection of fissure water inflow. Its wall-sealing design, which eliminates the need for drilling, protects the original rock mass structure and fissure water channels, preventing the risk of secondary leakage. It also ensures that the water pressure in the sealed cavity is consistent with the actual water pressure of the fissure water inflow, greatly improving the accuracy of water pressure measurement data and providing reliable data support for the risk assessment of sudden water inflow.

[0019] (2) Improve detection response speed and adapt to emergency early warning needs. The device provided by this invention is portable, lightweight, and easy to operate. It can be quickly deployed to any water inrush point to achieve "installation and testing immediately". It solves the problems of long deployment cycle and slow response of traditional equipment. It can obtain water pressure data in a timely manner at the initial stage of sudden water inrush, thus buying time for rapid disaster early warning and emergency response.

[0020] (3) Enhance on-site adaptability and reduce engineering testing costs The adaptive sealing capability of the annular elastic rubber ring can adapt to complex and uneven rock wall surfaces, improving the applicability of the device in harsh geological environments.

[0021] (4) Expand the application scenarios of equipment to meet diversified testing needs. The portable design is not only suitable for emergency detection of sudden water inrush during tunnel construction, but also for regular inspection of seepage points in tunnel rock walls during operation, meeting the dual needs of long-term monitoring and emergency detection, and providing technical support for water hazard prevention and control throughout the entire life cycle of tunnel engineering.

[0022] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for rapid detection of water pressure inflow into rock wall fissures, employing the aforementioned portable rapid detection device for water pressure inflow into tunnel rock wall fissures, the method comprising: Hold the water pipe, align the wall-mounted sealing cover with the first crack in the rock wall where water is gushing out, and press it against the rock wall to form a sealed cavity that seals the water gushing out of the first crack. Start the micro pump, spray a ring of sealant around the crack where water is gushing out at the first location to seal the crack, and guide the water gushing out from the first location enclosed by the sealing cavity; Turn off the micro pump and open the stopcock valve and drain valve. The water gushing from the fissure at the first position enters the water inlet pipe. Read the water pressure of the fissure water from the pressure gauge and record the water pressure of the fissure water at the first position. Using the first location as the base point, select multiple locations according to the direction of the fracture, repeatedly test the fracture water pressure at each location, and record the results one by one. Select adjacent fissures on different cracks in the rock wall and repeatedly perform water pressure tests; The water pressure distribution characteristics of water inflow from rock wall fissures were obtained.

[0023] It is understandable that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0024] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this specification. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the portable tunnel rock wall fissure water pressure rapid detection device provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adhesive injection ring formed on a rock wall after the adhesive injection and sealing mechanism provided in this embodiment of the invention is sprayed with adhesive. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular injection pipe provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the wall-mounted sealing cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the portable tunnel rock wall fissure water pressure rapid detection device provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 ; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Wall-mounted sealing cover; 2. Water inlet pipe; 21. Pressure relief pipe section; 22. Bent connecting pipe section; 23. Pressure measuring pipe section; 3. Adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve; 4. Water pressure gauge; 5. Drain valve; 6. Micro pump; 7. Glue storage tank; 8. Glue injection pipe; 9. One-way valve; 10. Annular elastic rubber ring; 11. Plug valve; 12. Glue injection ring; 13. Annular injection pipe; 14. Injection hole; 15. Conical guide slope. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] The following is combined Figure 1 Application scenarios, refer to Figures 2 to 4 This document describes a structural schematic diagram of a portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from tunnel rock wall fissures, provided according to an exemplary embodiment of this application. It should be noted that the above application scenarios are shown only to facilitate understanding of the spirit and principles of this application, and the embodiments of this application are not limited in any way. Rather, the embodiments of this application can be applied to any applicable scenario.

[0028] In response to the problems raised in the background art, and in conjunction with the technical features provided by this invention, the following analysis is provided: (1) Current devices often require drilling holes in the rock face and then embedding pressure measuring pipes or sensing elements, which is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but may also damage the original rock structure and fissure water channels, causing secondary leakage or interfering with the actual water pressure state: This invention uses a wall-mounted sealing cover that is directly attached to the rock wall surface around the water inflow point in the fissure, eliminating the need for drilling and fundamentally avoiding damage to the rock structure and the water channels in the fissure. The front-end annular elastic rubber ring has elastic sealing capabilities, which can adapt to the unevenness of the rock wall surface and form a stable sealing cavity between the sealing cover and the rock wall. This ensures that the water pressure in the sealing cavity is consistent with the actual water pressure of the water flowing from the fissure, eliminating the data distortion problem caused by structural damage.

[0029] (2) Regarding the problems that traditional devices are complex and bulky, have long deployment cycles, and are fixed monitoring solutions, lacking portability and rapid response capabilities, making it difficult to meet the emergency needs of "install and test immediately" at construction sites: The core of the detection device provided by this invention consists of a wall-mounted sealing cover and a water inlet pipe. It has a compact structure and is lightweight, making it easy for construction personnel to carry to any detection point on site. During detection, the sealing cover only needs to be attached to the water inflow point and fixed, without complicated burial procedures or equipment setup, achieving "install and test immediately" and enabling rapid water pressure detection. The water inlet pipe integrates a water pressure gauge, which can read water pressure data in real time, achieving rapid water pressure detection. This solves the problem of slow response of traditional equipment and is suitable for the rapid detection needs in the early stage of sudden water inflow.

[0030] (3) Regarding the current problems of poor on-site adaptability and high cost of the equipment: The core of the device provided by this invention consists of a wall-mounted sealing cover and a water inlet pipe, equipped with an adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve, a drain valve, and a water pressure gauge. It requires no additional auxiliary equipment, has a simple structure, and reduces the overall cost of the device. The elastic properties of the annular elastic rubber ring can adapt to rock wall surfaces with different flatness, improving sealing reliability and making it suitable for detecting local seepage points in complex geological environments. The adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve can discharge air from the sealing cavity and the water inlet pipe, avoiding water pressure measurement fluctuations caused by gas interference, and further improving measurement accuracy.

[0031] Please see Figures 1 to 5 The portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush in tunnel rock wall fissures provided in this embodiment of the invention will now be described. The portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush in tunnel rock wall fissures includes a water inlet pipe 2 and a wall-mounted sealing cover 1. The water inlet pipe 2 is equipped with a water pressure gauge 4, an adaptive venting and pressure stabilizing valve 3, and a drain valve 5. The wall-mounted sealing cover 1 is installed at the water inlet end of the water inlet pipe 2 and is used to adhere to the fissure a in the rock wall (in conjunction with...). Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 2 The sealing chamber is formed around the fissure water inflow and guides the fissure water sealed in the sealed chamber into the water inlet pipe 2; the front end of the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 is provided with an annular elastic rubber ring 10 that elastically seals with the rock wall.

[0032] The portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from tunnel rock wall fissures provided in this invention has the following advantages compared to the prior art: (1) Achieve non-destructive testing to ensure the accuracy of water pressure data. The device provided by this invention performs water pressure detection of fissure water inflow. Its wall-sealing design, which eliminates the need for drilling, protects the original rock mass structure and fissure water channels, preventing the risk of secondary leakage. It also ensures that the water pressure in the sealed cavity is consistent with the actual water pressure of the fissure water inflow, greatly improving the accuracy of water pressure measurement data and providing reliable data support for the risk assessment of sudden water inflow.

[0033] (2) Improve detection response speed and adapt to emergency early warning needs. The device provided by this invention is portable, lightweight, and easy to operate. It can be quickly deployed to any water inrush point to achieve "installation and testing immediately". It solves the problems of long deployment cycle and slow response of traditional equipment. It can obtain water pressure data in a timely manner at the initial stage of sudden water inrush, thus buying time for rapid disaster early warning and emergency response.

[0034] (3) Enhance on-site adaptability and reduce engineering testing costs The adaptive sealing capability of the annular elastic rubber ring 10 can adapt to complex and uneven rock wall surfaces, improving the applicability of the device in harsh geological environments.

[0035] (4) Expand the application scenarios of equipment to meet diversified testing needs. The portable design is not only suitable for emergency detection of sudden water inrush during tunnel construction, but also for regular inspection of seepage points in tunnel rock walls during operation, meeting the dual needs of long-term monitoring and emergency detection, and providing technical support for water hazard prevention and control throughout the entire life cycle of tunnel engineering.

[0036] The adaptive gas release pressure regulating valve 3 is a gas pressure regulating valve that can automatically remove air bubbles and steam traps formed when fissure water enters the pipe, maintaining continuous water flow and stable pressure transmission in the pipe, thereby significantly improving pressure measurement accuracy and response reliability.

[0037] In some embodiments, see Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the device also includes a glue injection and sealing mechanism, which includes an annular spray pipe 13 fixed to the inner side of the wall-mounted sealing cover 1, a glue storage cylinder 7 connected to the annular spray pipe 13 through a glue injection pipe 8, and a micro pump 6 connected to the glue storage cylinder 7; the annular spray pipe 13 is uniformly provided with a plurality of spray holes 14 facing the rock wall along the circumferential direction; the glue liquid in the glue storage cylinder 7 is sprayed out from the spray holes 14 by the drive of the micro pump 6, forming an annular glue injection ring 12 to seal the inner ring of the sealing cavity, so as to block the water outlet channel around the fissure water.

[0038] This invention employs an adaptive sealing structure consisting of a wall-mounted sealing cover 1 and an annular elastic rubber ring 10, and arranges an annular injection pipe 13 inside the cover. This allows the sealing material to spread evenly along the periphery of the crack during the injection process, forming a continuous and stable sealing layer. This achieves rapid adhesion and efficient sealing of uneven rock wall surfaces, forming an adaptive adhesion and tight seal on the rock wall crack surface. This effectively avoids leakage and pressure measurement interference, thereby significantly improving local sealing performance and the stability of the sealing layer.

[0039] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the device also includes a one-way valve 9 installed on the dispensing tube 8 to prevent backflow of the adhesive. During dispensing, the one-way valve 9 is open, allowing it to open in one direction under dispensing pressure. When the pressure is released, it forms a one-way, automatically closing structure, blocking the reverse flow of the adhesive. In this invention, the adhesive can be a one-component hydrophobic polyurethane adhesive.

[0040] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the glue injection tube 8 is a flexible tube, and the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 is provided with a pipe connector that connects to the annular spray tube 13. The glue injection tube 8 is inserted into the pipe connector. This design facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the glue injection tube 8.

[0041] In some embodiments, see Figure 1As shown, a stopcock valve 11 is also installed at the inlet end of the water inlet pipe 2. The stopcock valve 11 is located outside the wall-mounted sealing cover 1. It is closed before the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 is attached to the rock wall and is opened after the surrounding water outlet channels around the cracks are sealed with adhesive to prevent adhesive from entering the water inlet pipe 2 and clogging it. The stopcock valve 11 enables rapid opening and closing of the wall-mounted end and switching of operating conditions, effectively preventing the sprayed adhesive from flowing back into the water inlet pipe 2, ensuring unobstructed pressure measurement channels, and maintaining the stability of pressure transmission.

[0042] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the inner wall of the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 is a conical guide slope 15, which guides the gushing water from the fissure into the water inlet pipe 2. By using the conical guide slope 15 inside the wall-mounted sealing cover 1, the gushing water can be smoothly guided into the water inlet pipe 2, ensuring the smooth flow of water.

[0043] Figure 1 The wall-mounted sealing cover 1 shown is cylindrical in shape, which can enhance the support force between the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 and the rock wall; when the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 is cylindrical, its inner wall can be cylindrical or conical; the shape of the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 can also be conical or... Figure 5 The hemisphere shown.

[0044] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the water inlet pipe 2 is a bent pipe, and from the inlet end to the outlet end it is divided into a pressure relief pipe section 21, a bent connecting pipe section 22 and a pressure measuring pipe section 23 in sequence; the water pressure gauge 4 is installed on the pressure measuring pipe section 23, the adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve 3 is installed on the pressure relief pipe section 21, and the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 is installed at the front end of the pressure relief pipe section 21; the fissure water carrying air bubbles and stagnant gas is introduced into the pressure relief pipe section 21, and after being vented by the adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve 3, the fissure water with gas-liquid pressure balance enters the pressure measuring pipe section 23 smoothly after the two bends of the bent connecting pipe section 22 are reversed to release energy, and a stable water pressure value is measured.

[0045] To address the issue of measurement data fluctuations caused by gas interference and water flow impact in traditional water pressure testing, this invention employs a differentiated layout with a two-segment design of a bent water inlet pipe and precise placement of functional components. The specific technical logic is as follows: (1) Segmented functional zoning to achieve gas-liquid separation and pressure stabilization pretreatment. The water inlet pipe 2 is divided into three functional sections: a pressure relief section 21, a bend connecting section 22, and a pressure measuring section 23. An adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve 3 is located in the pressure relief section 21, and a water pressure gauge 4 is located in the pressure measuring section 23. The gushing water carrying air bubbles and trapped air first enters the pressure relief section 21. The adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve 3 can specifically discharge the air and trapped air mixed in with the gushing water, preventing gas from accumulating in the pipeline and forming an "air blockage," thus achieving a preliminary balance of gas and liquid pressure.

[0046] (2) Bending and reversing to release energy, eliminating the interference of water flow impact on pressure measurement. The bent connecting pipe section 22 uses a structure design with two bends to dissipate the kinetic energy of the gushing water after gas-liquid separation. The flow direction of the gushing water changes at the bend, and the impact energy of the water flow is buffered and dissipated by the pipe wall, preventing the high-speed water flow from directly impacting the sensing component of the pressure gauge 4, and keeping the water flow entering the pressure measuring pipe section 23 in a stable state.

[0047] (3) Coordinated design of front-end sealing and back-end pressure measurement The wall-mounted sealing cover 1 is installed at the front end of the pressure relief pipe section 21 and forms a sealing cavity with the annular elastic rubber ring 10 to ensure that the gushing water enters the pipeline stably; the pressure measuring pipe section 23 is independently arranged downstream of the water flow. After the previous gas-liquid separation and energy release, the gushing water forms a stable hydrostatic pressure environment here to ensure accurate readings of the pressure gauge 4.

[0048] The specific beneficial effects are as follows: (1) Improve the stability and accuracy of water pressure measurement and eliminate data fluctuations. To address the issues of distorted water pressure readings due to gas contamination and data fluctuations caused by water flow impact in traditional testing, the adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve 3 in the pressure relief section 21 can completely expel air bubbles and stagnant gas from the pipeline, avoiding pressure measurement errors under gas-liquid mixing conditions. The reversing energy release function of the bent connecting section 22 dissipates the impact kinetic energy of the gushing water, keeping the water flow in the pressure measuring section 23 in a stable static pressure state. The data measured by the water pressure gauge 4 is more stable and accurate, providing a reliable quantitative basis for assessing the risk level of sudden water inrush.

[0049] (2) Improve the operability of gripping and applying force During operation, the bent connecting pipe section 22 can be held and force applied towards the rock wall, or the rear end of the pressure relief pipe section 21 (the bend where the bent connecting pipe section 22 and the pressure relief pipe section 21 are connected) can be held to facilitate the application of force and operation.

[0050] (3) Enhance the practicality of the portable design to adapt to complex construction scenarios. The bent structure eliminates the need for additional auxiliary components such as pressure stabilizing tanks and buffers. It achieves gas-liquid separation and water flow stabilization through the pipeline's own structure, simplifying the overall structure of the device, further reducing the weight and size of the equipment, making it easier for construction personnel to carry and operate in the confined space of tunnels, and improving on-site adaptability.

[0051] (4) To realize the integrated process of "exhaust - pressure stabilization - pressure measurement" and improve detection efficiency. The segmented pipeline design allows the three key processes of venting, pressure stabilization, and pressure measurement to be completed sequentially within the same pipeline, eliminating the need for manual intervention to switch processes. During testing, simply attaching the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 to the water inflow point automatically completes gas-liquid separation and water flow pressure stabilization, directly reading the stable water pressure value. This further shortens testing time and enhances the emergency response capability of "install and test immediately".

[0052] Optionally, the water inlet pipe 2 can be a telescopic pipe to adapt to the detection of water seepage from fissures at different heights on the tunnel rock walls without needing to move its position. The internal structure of the telescopic pipe can be achieved using existing commonly used telescopic rod structures, and this part will not be described in detail.

[0053] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the front end of the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 is provided with an annular groove. An annular elastic rubber ring is elastically engaged within this groove. The annular elastic rubber ring has an annular sealing portion for elastic deformation and a engaging portion for engaging with the annular groove. When the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 presses against the rock wall, the annular elastic rubber ring elastically deforms and comes into close contact with the rock wall, preventing direct contact between the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 and the rock wall. The annular elastic rubber ring is elastically installed through the provided annular groove, ensuring its secure fixation.

[0054] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 As shown, the annular groove is a T-shaped groove, and the shape of the snap-fit ​​part is adapted to the T-shaped groove; the radial cross-section of the annular sealing part is semi-circular. The T-shaped groove enhances the firmness of the annular elastic rubber ring after installation with the wall-mounted sealing cover 1, preventing the annular elastic rubber ring from falling off.

[0055] In this invention, the wall-mounted sealing cover 1, the stopcock valve 11, the water inlet pipe 2, the adaptive venting and pressure stabilizing valve 3, the water pressure gauge 4, and the drain valve 5 are connected by threaded seals or quick-connect sealing joints to facilitate quick assembly, disassembly, and reuse on site.

[0056] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0057] Based on the same inventive concept, combined with Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a method for rapid detection of water pressure inflow into rock wall fissures is also provided, employing the aforementioned portable rapid detection device for water pressure inflow into tunnel rock wall fissures. The method includes: S001, Hold the water pipe 2, align the wall-mounted sealing cover 1 with the water gushing from the first crack on the rock wall, and press it against the rock wall to form a sealed cavity that seals the water gushing from the first crack. S002, start the micro pump 6, spray a ring of sealant around the water gushing from the crack at the first position, form a sealant ring 12 to seal the surrounding crack, and guide the water gushing from the crack to spray out from the first position surrounded by the sealing cavity. S003, turn off micro pump 6, and open stopcock valve 11 and drain valve 5, the gushing water in the first position enters the water inlet pipe 2 ( Figure 1 The middle arrow indicates the direction of the fissure water flow. Read the water pressure of the fissure water from the pressure gauge 4 and record the water pressure of the fissure water at the first location. S004. Using the first position as the base point, select multiple points according to the direction of the fracture, repeatedly test the fracture water pressure at each point, and record them one by one. S005, Select adjacent fissures on different cracks in the rock wall for water inflow and repeat the water pressure test; S006, the water pressure distribution characteristics of water inflow from rock wall fissures were obtained.

[0058] Through the above methods, this invention forms a complete functional chain of "sealing against the wall, gluing, unidirectional backflow prevention, rotary on / off switching, automatic gas release and pressure stabilization, and accurate pressure measurement." The device is compact and flexible in its switching, enabling rapid, accurate, and non-destructive detection of water pressure in tunnel fissures without the need for drilling. It also possesses comprehensive functions such as automatic sealing, adaptive gas release, and pressure stabilization protection, significantly improving the safety and accuracy of pressure measurement in complex tunnel environments.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from cracks in tunnel rock walls, characterized in that, include: Water inlet pipe (2) is equipped with a water pressure gauge (4), an adaptive venting and pressure regulating valve (3) and a drain valve (5); as well as A wall-mounted sealing cover (1) is installed at the inlet end of the water pipe (2) to adhere to the rock wall and form a sealing cavity around the fissure water, guiding the fissure water sealed by the sealing cavity into the water pipe (2); the front end of the wall-mounted sealing cover (1) is provided with an annular elastic rubber ring (10) that elastically seals with the rock wall.

2. The portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from tunnel rock wall fissures as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a glue injection and sealing mechanism, which includes an annular injection pipe (13) fixed to the inner side of the wall-mounted sealing cover (1), a glue storage cylinder (7) connected to the annular injection pipe (13) through a glue injection pipe (8), and a micro pump (6) connected to the glue storage cylinder (7); the annular injection pipe (13) is uniformly provided with a plurality of injection holes (14) facing the rock wall along the circumferential direction; The adhesive liquid in the storage cylinder (7) is driven by the micro pump (6) and sprayed out from the injection hole (14) in a ring shape to seal the inner ring of the sealing cavity, thereby blocking the water outlet channel around the crack water inflow.

3. The portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from tunnel rock wall fissures as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The device also includes a one-way valve (9) installed on the dispensing tube (8) to prevent backflow of adhesive.

4. The portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from tunnel rock wall fissures as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The glue injection tube (8) is a flexible tube, and the wall-mounted sealing cover (1) is provided with a pipe joint that connects to the annular spray tube (13). The glue injection tube (8) is inserted into the pipe joint.

5. The portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from tunnel rock wall fissures as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The inlet end of the water pipe (2) is also equipped with a stopcock valve (11). The stopcock valve (11) is located outside the wall-mounted sealing cover (1). It is closed before the wall-mounted sealing cover (1) is attached to the rock wall and is opened after the water outlet channel around the crack is sealed with adhesive to prevent adhesive from entering the water pipe (2) and blocking the water pipe (2).

6. The portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from tunnel rock wall fissures as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the wall-mounted sealing cover (1) is a conical guide slope (15), which guides the gushing water from the fissure to the water inlet pipe (2).

7. The portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from tunnel rock wall fissures as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet pipe (2) is a bent pipe, and is divided into a pressure relief pipe section (21), a bent connecting pipe section (22) and a pressure measuring pipe section (23) from the water inlet end to the water outlet end; the water pressure gauge (4) is installed on the pressure measuring pipe section (23), the adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve (3) is installed on the pressure relief pipe section (21), and the wall-mounted sealing cover (1) is installed at the front end of the pressure relief pipe section (21); The fissure water carrying bubbles and stagnant gas is introduced into the pressure relief pipe section (21). After being vented by the adaptive gas release and pressure stabilizing valve (3), the fissure water with balanced gas and liquid pressure releases energy through two bends in the bend connecting pipe section (22) and then smoothly enters the pressure measuring pipe section (23) to obtain a stable water pressure value.

8. The portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from tunnel rock wall fissures as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the wall-mounted sealing cover (1) is provided with an annular groove, and the annular elastic rubber ring (10) is elastically engaged in the annular groove. The annular elastic rubber ring (10) has an annular sealing part for elastic deformation sealing and a engaging part for engaging into the annular groove.

9. The portable rapid detection device for water pressure inrush from tunnel rock wall fissures as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The annular groove is a T-shaped groove, and the shape of the snap-fit ​​part is adapted to the T-shaped groove; the radial cross-section of the annular sealing part is semi-circular.

10. A method for rapid detection of water pressure inflow in rock wall fissures, employing a portable rapid detection device for water pressure inflow in tunnel rock wall fissures as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes: Hold the water pipe (2), align the wall-mounted sealing cover (1) with the water gushing from the first crack on the rock wall, and press it against the rock wall to form a sealed cavity that seals the water gushing from the first crack. Start the micro pump (6) and spray a ring of sealant around the water gushing from the first position crack to seal the surrounding cracks, so as to guide the water gushing from the crack to spray out from the first position surrounded by the sealing cavity; Turn off the micro pump (6) and open the stopcock valve (11) and drain valve (5). The water in the fissure at the first position enters the water inlet pipe (2). Read the water pressure of the fissure water from the water pressure gauge (4) and record the water pressure of the fissure water at the first position. Using the first location as the base point, select multiple locations according to the direction of the fracture, repeatedly test the fracture water pressure at each location, and record the results one by one. Select adjacent fissures on different cracks in the rock wall and repeatedly perform water pressure tests; The water pressure distribution characteristics of water gushing from fissures in the rock wall were obtained.

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