Mortise and tenon joint ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method based on BIM

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of historic building wood structure digital protection and numerical simulation, and discloses a BIM-based mortise and tenon joint ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method.The method comprises the steps that firstly, an ACIS format geometric file of a mortise and tenon joint BIM model is extracted from a Revit platform, and unit and node information is obtained through Hypermesh grid division; establishing a mapping relation between the grid and the BIM component by relying on an XBIM open source library and an IFC standard, and generating an enhanced BIM model; through an integrated structure analysis plug-in, full-process parameter configuration of a node / unit set, material performance, reference points, an amplitude curve, constraints, interaction, analysis steps and boundary conditions is completed, an INP file containing complete Abaqus pretreatment information is automatically generated, and rotation performance analysis can be carried out by importing Abaqus. According to the method, efficient collaboration of BIM and Abaqus is achieved, the method is adaptive to multiple types of mortise and tenon joints, the simulation precision and efficiency are improved, and a scientific basis is provided for ancient building wood structure protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital preservation and numerical simulation technology for ancient wooden structures, and more specifically, to a BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demands for safety performance in the preventive protection of ancient wooden structures, digital technology must simultaneously meet the dual requirements of "visual modeling" and "mechanical analysis." It must not only achieve the visual reconstruction and digital archiving of the geometric information of ancient wooden structures, but also support the refined analysis of their mechanical behavior. As the core unit of "force transmission and energy dissipation" in ancient wooden structures, the mortise and tenon joint directly affects the stability, seismic performance, and durability of the overall structure due to its rotational performance.

[0003] Currently, BIM technology, especially platforms like Revit, has become the preferred tool for digital modeling of mortise and tenon joints due to its parametric modeling and information integration capabilities. Abaqus, with its powerful nonlinear numerical simulation capabilities, is also frequently used for numerical calculations of the mechanical properties of key components such as mortise and tenon joints. However, existing technologies cannot meet the specific collaborative needs of both in calculating the rotational performance of mortise and tenon joints, and the following key bottlenecks exist: Limitations of BIM models in structural analysis: Revit, as a mainstream BIM software, has powerful 3D parametric modeling capabilities and can quickly build mortise and tenon joint models, but it lacks professional structural analysis functions and cannot be directly used for rotational performance simulation. If mechanical analysis is to be performed on it, users need to recreate the model in the finite element software and set a large number of repetitive preprocessing parameters, which is labor-intensive and prone to errors. ABAQUS preprocessing modeling is cumbersome: Although ABAQUS has significant advantages in nonlinear analysis and complex mechanical simulation, its modeling process is complex and time-consuming, especially for mortise and tenon joints with complex shapes, where it is even less efficient.

[0004] Data conversion and mapping difficulties: In existing technologies, data interaction between Revit and ABAQUS suffers from "information silos." Although some preliminary data export tools exist, there is a lack of a dedicated data mapping mechanism for the rotational performance of mortise and tenon joints, which easily leads to the loss of key data related to rotational performance, resulting in decreased analysis accuracy. If modeling is repeated on different platforms to ensure model accuracy, the time cost is significant, severely weakening the practical value of digital technology.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies cannot efficiently and accurately achieve a closed loop of "Revit modeling → data conversion → ABAQUS rotational performance calculation". There is an urgent need to develop a specialized numerical calculation method to break down data barriers, enhance the targeted configuration of rotational performance, and improve calculation efficiency and accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention proposes a BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints, aiming to solve the problems of data interaction barriers, cumbersome repetitive modeling, and insufficient specialization adaptability between Revit BIM models and Abaqus software in the rotation performance analysis of mortise and tenon joints in the current technology.

[0007] This invention proposes a BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints, comprising the following steps: The existing mortise and tenon joint BIM model is obtained based on the Revit platform, and the ACIS format geometric file of the BIM model is extracted. The ACIS format geometry file is imported into Hypermesh software for mesh generation to obtain the element and node information of the finite element model. Load the XBIM open-source library, parse the component topology relationship of the BIM model based on the IFC standard, and establish the mapping relationship between the finite element mesh information and the BIM model components to generate an enhanced BIM model with finite element mesh features. An integrated structural analysis plugin developed based on the Revit API and XBIM open-source library is invoked to configure structural analysis parameters on the basis of the enhanced BIM model. The structural analysis parameters include: node / element set definition, surface definition, reference point setting, material properties, section properties, local coordinate system setting, amplitude curve configuration, constraint setting, interaction definition, interaction attribute definition, analysis step configuration, and boundary condition setting. Based on the mapping relationship, the integrated structural analysis plugin automatically integrates the mesh data in the initial INP file with the structural analysis parameters configured in step four to generate an Abaqus INP file that can be executed directly and contains complete geometry, mesh, material, section, interaction, load and analysis step configuration. Import the Abaqus INP file into the Abaqus software and perform numerical simulation analysis of the rotational performance of the mortise and tenon joint to complete the simulation modeling and rotational analysis.

[0008] Furthermore, the definition of the node / unit set and the surface definition specifically include: Define a set of consecutive nodes / elements to identify the main component; Based on the geometric meshing boundary of the tenon and mortise, the system automatically identifies and defines discontinuous node / unit sets to accurately locate potential contact areas. Based on the discontinuous set, slave and master surfaces for defining contact pairs are automatically generated. The definition of the node / cell set supports manual input of node / cell numbers for supplementation, or automatic identification and data picking by parsing the Elset / Nset identifiers in the initial INP file.

[0009] Furthermore, the material property configuration includes defining the elastic and plastic properties of the material; The section property configuration includes assigning the material properties to the section of the structural member and assigning the defined section to the corresponding structural member.

[0010] Furthermore, the reference point setting supports precise setting via input of three-dimensional coordinates, serving as a reference point for load application and constraint definition; the local coordinate system setting is used to specify the material orientation of structural components.

[0011] Furthermore, the amplitude curve configuration is used to define a load-time or displacement-time correlated numerical sequence that conforms to the quasi-static test loading regime of ancient wooden structures.

[0012] Furthermore, the constraint settings provide constraint types including binding, rigid body, coupling, and display body, and enable batch application of constraints by associating reference points or node sets.

[0013] Furthermore, the definitions of interaction and interaction properties specifically include: Based on the generated slave surface and master surface, contact pairs are configured to simulate the frictional contact and interlocking behavior of mortise and tenon joints; Based on wood property test data, the friction coefficient, normal behavior and tangential behavior parameters of the contact interface are configured for the contact pair; The tangential behavior parameters support the configuration of elastic-plastic contact behavior, adapting to the simulation of plastic deformation after the mortise and tenon joints are engaged.

[0014] Furthermore, the analysis step configuration supports static universal analysis steps and dynamic explicit analysis steps, and can enable geometric nonlinearity options to configure initial increment step, minimum increment step, and maximum increment step parameters.

[0015] Furthermore, the boundary conditions are set to associate the node set with the amplitude curve data, define hinged, fixed, or displacement loading constraints, and support the activation or deactivation of specific boundary conditions in different analysis steps.

[0016] Furthermore, the Abaqus INP file fully includes geometric topology information, finite element mesh information, material property information, section property information, interaction configuration information, load configuration information, boundary condition information, and analysis step configuration information; the Abaqus INP file is adapted for rotational performance simulation analysis of various tenon and mortise types.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This technology effectively breaks down the barriers to specialized data exchange between Revit BIM models and Abaqus software in the rotational performance analysis of mortise and tenon joints. Through a geometric topology mapping mechanism based on the XBIM open-source library and the IFC standard, it achieves precise correspondence and lossless transfer of BIM model geometric parameters, material properties, and finite element mesh information. This completely solves the pain points of tedious repetitive modeling and data transmission distortion in existing technologies, significantly improving the efficiency of simulation modeling and analysis. Relying on an integrated structural analysis plugin, it is specifically configured with wood-specific constraint types, multi-mortise and tenon type adaptation functions, and amplitude curves adapted for quasi-static tests of ancient wooden structures, compensating for the lack of specialized adaptability in existing tools. It can flexibly meet the rotational performance analysis needs of different types of mortise and tenon joints, such as straight tenons and dovetail joints. Through the definition of material elastic-plastic properties and contact boundaries... The plugin supports configuration of surface elastoplastic behavior and geometric nonlinear analysis, combined with consistent mapping between the mesh and the BIM model, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of rotational performance analysis results. It accurately outputs key data such as load-displacement curves, stress distribution, rotational stiffness, and energy dissipation coefficients. Simultaneously, the plugin supports one-click parameter configuration, manual supplementation, and automatic generation of INP files, requiring no professional programming skills and lowering the technical application threshold. This invention promotes the upgrade of BIM technology from simple visual modeling to performance-based evaluation, expanding the application boundaries of Revit in the field of structural numerical simulation. The provided quantitative analysis results can directly provide a scientific basis for preventive protection, repair decisions, and safety assessments of ancient wooden structures, significantly enhancing the practical value and engineering applicability of digital technology in the field of ancient architectural cultural heritage protection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A step diagram illustrating a BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 The following is a flowchart illustrating a BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] like Figures 1-2 As shown in some embodiments of this application, this embodiment provides a BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints, including the following steps: The existing mortise and tenon joint BIM model is obtained based on the Revit platform, and the ACIS format geometric file of the BIM model is extracted. The ACIS format geometry file is imported into Hypermesh software for mesh generation to obtain the element and node information of the finite element model. Load the XBIM open-source library, parse the component topology relationship of the BIM model based on the IFC standard, and establish the mapping relationship between the finite element mesh information and the BIM model components to generate an enhanced BIM model with finite element mesh features. An integrated structural analysis plugin developed based on the Revit API and XBIM open-source library is invoked to configure structural analysis parameters on the basis of the enhanced BIM model. The structural analysis parameters include: node / element set definition, surface definition, reference point setting, material properties, section properties, local coordinate system setting, amplitude curve configuration, constraint setting, interaction definition, interaction attribute definition, analysis step configuration, and boundary condition setting. Based on the mapping relationship, the integrated structural analysis plugin automatically integrates the mesh data in the initial INP file with the structural analysis parameters configured in step four to generate an Abaqus INP file that can be executed directly and contains complete geometry, mesh, material, section, interaction, load and analysis step configuration. Import the Abaqus INP file into the Abaqus software and perform numerical simulation analysis of the rotational performance of the mortise and tenon joint to complete the simulation modeling and rotational analysis.

[0021] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the node / unit set and surface definition technology solution focuses on geometric topology recognition, quantization threshold determination, and dual-mode data completion to achieve precise and automated preprocessing of mortise and tenon joint simulation. In the continuous node / unit set definition stage, the plugin, based on the mesh connectivity matrix of the enhanced BIM model, automatically filters continuously distributed unit groups by judging unit adjacency relationships, generating continuous sets that identify the main body of components such as beams and columns. For the definition of discontinuous sets, the plugin extracts the geometric meshing boundary information of the tenon and mortise, calculates the spatial distance from the mesh node to the boundary, and sets a distance threshold related to the mesh size. Nodes / units with a distance less than this threshold are automatically classified into discontinuous sets, achieving quantitative positioning of potential contact areas. In the surface generation stage, the plugin analyzes the normal vector direction of the units in the discontinuous set, compares it with the main direction of the mortise and tenon component, and automatically determines and generates the primary and secondary surfaces used to define contact pairs. Simultaneously, it supports manual input of node / unit numbers or selection of areas for set completion, and can also achieve batch matching and picking of data by parsing the unit set (Elset) and node set (Nset) identifiers in the initial INP file.

[0022] Understandably, this technology effectively solves the core pain points of traditional mortise and tenon joint simulation preprocessing, such as cumbersome node / element set definition, low contact area positioning accuracy, easy error in surface orientation determination, and poor data integration, demonstrating significant technical advantages. By using mesh connectivity identification and quantized distance threshold determination, it replaces the manual experience-based node / element selection method, significantly improving set definition efficiency while controlling contact area positioning errors within a reasonable range. This ensures that continuous sets accurately identify the main component and discontinuous sets accurately lock the contact area. Element normal vector comparison enables automatic master-slave surface determination, avoiding orientation reversal issues caused by manual definition, laying a solid foundation for subsequent contact pair configuration and friction engagement behavior simulation. The dual-mode of "manual supplementation + batch picking from INP file parsing" adapts to both the standardized requirements of conventional mortise and tenon joints and the personalized adjustments of irregular mortise and tenon joints. It also achieves seamless data integration with the initial INP file, eliminating information deviations caused by repeated input. Overall, it enhances the accuracy, automation level, and scene adaptability of simulation preprocessing, providing crucial support for the efficient simulation of mortise and tenon joint rotation performance.

[0023] Specifically, the technical solution for configuring material properties and cross-sectional characteristics is centered on constitutive model quantitative modeling and precise matching of cross-sectional parameters. In the material property configuration stage, the plugin extracts basic wood parameters from the BIM model through the IFC standard and combines them with material property test data. It uses an elastic constitutive model applicable to orthotropic materials to describe the elastic response of wood; the plastic properties are defined using yield criteria applicable to anisotropic materials (such as the Hill yield criterion). In the section property configuration stage, the plugin follows the core logic of "material → direction → section → structure" to complete the parameter configuration: First, it identifies and extracts the element set (elset) corresponding to the structural member, which clarifies the scope of the entity elements on the structure that need to be assigned material properties; second, it associates the configured local coordinate system (orientation) to accurately specify the material direction of the structure during the material property assignment process, adapting to the anisotropic mechanical properties of wood; based on the element set and coordinate system information, the plugin automatically calculates the cross-sectional geometric parameters of the member and assigns the defined material properties (material) to the corresponding cross-section in the visualization interface. Finally, it integrates the three core data types of element set, coordinate system, and material properties to generate complete structural cross-sectional property information, establishing a precise association mapping of "material-coordinate system (orientation)-section-element set (structure)" to ensure that the material properties act accurately on the target structural member in the specified direction.

[0024] Understandably, this technical solution effectively addresses the core pain points of traditional simulations, such as simplification and distortion of wood constitutive models, logical breaks in cross-sectional property configuration, ambiguity in material orientation specification, and inaccurate parameter correlation. It significantly improves the scientific rigor and reliability of the mechanical property configuration of mortise and tenon joints. By employing an orthogonal anisotropic elastic constitutive model and the Hill yield criterion, it accurately replicates the elastic response and plastic deformation characteristics of wood under different stress directions. This overcomes the mechanical behavior simulation deviations caused by the traditional isotropic assumption, ensuring a high degree of consistency between material properties and actual wood characteristics. The clear logical link of "material → orientation → cross-section → structure," combined with the integration of three core data types—element sets, coordinate systems, and material properties—ensures no parameter omissions in cross-sectional property configuration, avoiding the disconnect between material, orientation, and structure in traditional configurations. The application of the local coordinate system precisely adapts to the anisotropic characteristics of wood, allowing material properties to act accurately on the target component in the preset direction. The plug-in-automated calculation of cross-sectional geometric parameters and the visualization of the assignment operation not only replace the tedious process of manually matching parameters and calculating cross-sectional data, greatly reducing human error, but also ensure the effective transfer of material properties to the structure through the precise mapping of "material-coordinate system (direction)-cross section-unit set (structure)". This lays a solid foundation for the accurate analysis of core indicators such as the rotational stiffness and stress distribution of mortise and tenon joints, and provides scientific quantitative support for material replacement and cross-sectional optimization in the restoration of ancient wooden structures.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the technical solution for setting reference points and local coordinate systems is based on "precise positioning and quantization + direction vector adaptation," constructing a benchmark system adapted to the simulation of mortise and tenon joints. In the reference point setting stage, the plugin provides three-dimensional coordinates. The precise input interface supports two positioning modes: one is to directly input absolute coordinates in the global coordinate system. The plugin verifies the spatial relationship between coordinates and BIM model components through the IFC standard interface, ensuring that reference points fall within the effective range of the components; secondly, it locates components based on local features by inputting relative coordinates. Combined with the geometric center coordinates of the component Through coordinate transformation formula: The system automatically calculates the absolute coordinates of reference points, enabling rapid positioning of features such as the center of gravity and ends of components. Once established, the reference point is automatically associated with a set of nodes or the component entity, serving as the sole reference point for applying concentrated loads and defining coupling constraints, supporting proportional load distribution to associated nodes. In the local coordinate system setup, based on the wood grain direction and the component's stress characteristics, three orthogonal axis vectors are defined to accurately specify the material direction: Let the global coordinate system be... The local coordinate system is ,in The shaft runs along the length of the component. The axis runs radially along the wood. Axis through the vector cross product formula Calculations are performed to ensure the orthogonality of the coordinate system; then the direction cosine matrix is ​​used. (in, , The material elasticity matrix is ​​mapped to the local coordinate system (where the angle between the local and global axes is the coordinates), using the formula: This ensures that the direction of the material parameters is consistent with the actual direction of the force.

[0026] Understandably, this technical solution addresses the core pain points of traditional benchmark setting in terms of positioning accuracy, adaptability, and synergy, offering significant advantages: the quantized input of the three-dimensional coordinates of the reference point and the relative coordinate transformation mechanism avoid the positional deviation of traditional manual reference point picking, controlling the positioning error within 0.1mm, ensuring the accuracy of load application and constraint definition, and making the concentrated load transfer path and the range of coupled constraints highly consistent with the actual engineering scenario, laying the foundation for the accuracy of rotational performance analysis. The local coordinate system, through the quantized configuration of vector cross product and direction cosine matrix, accurately matches the material orientation of wood anisotropy, solving the problem of mechanical response distortion caused by the fuzzy definition of material orientation under the traditional global coordinate system, ensuring that the action direction of parameters such as elastic modulus and shear modulus is consistent with the wood grain, and significantly improving the consistency between simulation results and actual experimental data. Two positioning modes and flexible coordinate system axis vector adjustment functions adapt to mortise and tenon components of different shapes—linear components with straight tenons can have a local coordinate system set along the axis, while irregularly shaped components with dovetail tenons can be adapted to complex force directions through custom axis vectors. Simultaneously, the spatial association mechanism between reference points and the BIM model ensures that load and constraint parameters are updated synchronously with model modifications, avoiding data disconnect. The visual interface simplifies the coordinate input and coordinate system configuration process, requiring no professional programming or finite element theory background. It reduces benchmark setting time from 1-2 hours to within 10 minutes, significantly improving preprocessing efficiency. It also provides a unified benchmark for subsequent interaction definition and analysis step configuration, strengthening the collaborative closed loop of "BIM modeling-simulation analysis".

[0027] Specifically, the amplitude curve configuration technology is based on the loading specifications for quasi-static tests of ancient wooden structures. The plugin has built-in loading templates that conform to standard test regimes (such as low-cycle repeated loading). After activating the function through the plugin's dedicated amplitude interface, users first customize the amplitude name in the name editing field (default name is Amp-1, which can be modified as needed). Then, according to the specific test loading scheme, the number of amplitudes can be flexibly set through the "Add" function. In the generated sequence number corresponding field, the core data of time / frequency and amplitude are directly filled in. The plugin automatically integrates and forms the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​(time-load / displacement data group) corresponding to the loading amplitude curve. It also supports importing external test data, and fills in the data gaps through interpolation algorithms to generate a continuous time-load / displacement numerical sequence. All output data meet the format requirements of Abaqus INP files for loading amplitude data, ensuring seamless integration with subsequent simulation analysis processes.

[0028] Understandably, this technical solution effectively addresses the core pain points of traditional amplitude configuration, such as high operational barriers, cumbersome data input, difficulty in connecting with external experimental data, and incompatible output formats, significantly improving the adaptability, efficiency, and reliability of loading regime configuration. The dedicated amplitude interface design makes the operation path clear and intuitive, allowing users to quickly get started without additional learning of new procedures. The default naming (Amp-1) and custom modification cater to both standardization and personalization needs, adapting to the naming habits of different experimental scenarios. The "Add" function allows for flexible setting of the amplitude quantity, directly filling in the core data of time / frequency and amplitude, replacing complex parameter conversions, avoiding manual calculation errors, and greatly simplifying the data input process. The plugin automatically integrates and generates time-load / displacement data sets, ensuring standardized and unified data formats; it supports the import of external experimental data and fills gaps through interpolation algorithms, achieving seamless connection between simulation data and actual experimental data, ensuring data continuity and integrity. All output data are precisely adapted to the Abaqus INP file format requirements, and can be directly used for subsequent simulation analysis without manual conversion. This significantly shortens the preprocessing time, improves the feasibility and stability of technology implementation, and provides efficient and compliant data support for the accurate simulation of the rotational response of mortise and tenon joints under quasi-static loading, while taking into account both standardized testing and personalized data application needs.

[0029] Specifically, the constraint setting solution revolves around "precise type adaptation + efficient batch application," relying on integrated plugins to build a constraint configuration system adapted to the stress characteristics of mortise and tenon joints, achieving deep collaboration between constraints, models, and analysis requirements. The plugins provide four types of constraints specifically for timber structure simulation, each adapted to different stress scenarios: Binding constraints are used at the splicing points of components in mortise and tenon joints without relative displacement. By associating the node sets of adjacent components, it forces the node displacement and rotation of the constraint interface to remain consistent, ensuring continuous force transmission; Rigid body constraints are suitable for the main body of the component subjected to overall stress, binding the target node set to a reference point, causing all nodes within the set to move synchronously with the reference point, simplifying the calculation of the overall mechanical response; Coupling constraints are used for load dispersion and transmission scenarios, controlling the coordinated transmission of specified degrees of freedom (translation or rotation) by defining the coupling relationship between the reference point and the node set, adapting to the stress characteristics of load diffusion from the end of the mortise and tenon joint to the core area; Display volume constraints are used for auxiliary components that only need to display their geometry and do not participate in mechanical calculations, shielding them from interference with the simulation results. The batch application mechanism is achieved through dual association: first, it associates with reference points. After the constraint parameters are assigned to the reference points, they are automatically synchronized to the bound node set, enabling one-click configuration of multi-node constraints; second, it associates with node sets. The plugin filters the target set by parsing the IFC topology relationship. Users can select the corresponding constraint type to complete the batch assignment. It also supports batch modification and withdrawal of constraint parameters, adapting to the constraint adjustment needs of different analysis stages and ensuring seamless integration of constraint configuration with the overall simulation process.

[0030] Understandably, this technical solution effectively addresses the core pain points of traditional Abaqus modeling, such as poor constraint type adaptability, cumbersome manual application, and difficulty in batch adjustments, demonstrating significant practical value. Four specialized constraint types precisely match the stress requirements of different parts of the mortise and tenon joint, avoiding the distortion in stress simulation caused by the single constraint type in traditional methods. For example, binding constraints ensure accurate force transmission at component joints, while coupling constraints restore the characteristics of load dispersion and transmission, ensuring the accuracy of rotational performance analysis. The batch application mechanism of "reference point / node set association" completely replaces the manual operation of selecting nodes and configuring constraints one by one, reducing the constraint setting work that originally took hours to minutes, significantly reducing preprocessing workload, and avoiding the problems of missed or incorrect constraint settings introduced by manual operation, thus improving the efficiency and accuracy of constraint configuration. The batch modification and withdrawal function of constraint parameters adapts to the needs of multi-round iterative optimization in simulation analysis. When adjusting the analysis scheme, it is not necessary to reconfigure all constraints; only the associated parameters need to be modified for synchronous updates, significantly improving the efficiency of iterative analysis. The constraint settings are deeply integrated with the enhanced BIM model and reference point system to ensure the consistency between the constraint application object and the load and boundary conditions, avoiding calculation anomalies caused by the disconnect between constraints and other parameters. At the same time, it is compatible with various mortise and tenon types such as straight tenon and dovetail tenon and complex stress scenarios, further enhancing the versatility and engineering applicability of the technical solution.

[0031] Specifically, the technical solution for defining interactions and their properties focuses on the precise replication of contact behavior and the quantitative adaptation of parameters. Contact pairs are automatically created based on pre-existing master-slave surfaces. Contact parameters are set according to wood property test data: the coefficient of friction is determined based on the wood species and state; the normal behavior adopts a "hard contact" model; the tangential behavior supports an elastic-plastic two-stage model, which can simulate plastic deformation and stiffness decay after mortise and tenon jointing.

[0032] Understandably, this technical solution effectively addresses the core pain points of traditional mortise and tenon joint contact simulation, such as cumbersome contact pair creation, blind parameter setting, and lack of plastic deformation simulation, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of contact behavior simulation. By automatically creating contact pairs based on master-slave surfaces, it replaces the manual selection of contact areas, reducing human error and greatly improving preprocessing efficiency. The contact parameters are strictly set based on wood property test data, avoiding simulation result distortion caused by empirical values, and ensuring that parameters such as friction coefficient and normal behavior are highly consistent with the actual characteristics of wood. The combination of the normal hard contact model and the tangential elastic-plastic two-stage model can accurately replicate the friction, compression, and plastic deformation and stiffness attenuation phenomena after mortise and tenon joint meshing process, making the core indicators such as contact stress distribution and energy dissipation characteristics in rotational performance analysis more consistent with actual stress laws, providing a scientific and accurate simulation basis for the mechanical performance evaluation and protection and restoration of mortise and tenon joints in ancient wooden structures.

[0033] Specifically, the analysis step configuration solution is centered on dual analysis step adaptation, precise nonlinear control, and incremental step dynamic optimization. The plugin supports both static general and dynamic explicit analysis steps and can enable geometric nonlinearity options. Incremental step parameters employ a combination of automatic recommendation and manual fine-tuning, providing initial values ​​based on the model's nonlinearity and mesh density, which users can adjust according to computational convergence.

[0034] Understandably, this technical solution effectively addresses the core pain points of traditional mortise and tenon joint simulation, such as the single type of analysis step, nonlinear simulation distortion, and low computational efficiency or convergence failure due to blindly setting incremental step parameters. It significantly improves the flexibility, accuracy, and stability of simulation analysis. The flexible switching between static general and dynamic explicit analysis steps accurately adapts to different application scenarios, such as quasi-static tests and seismic performance assessments of ancient wooden structures. Enabling the geometric nonlinearity option accurately captures the true mechanical response of mortise and tenon joints under large deformations and contact compression, avoiding the simplification of stress states caused by linear analysis. The "automatic recommendation + manual fine-tuning" mode for incremental step parameters provides reasonable initial values ​​based on the model's nonlinearity and mesh density, lowering the operational threshold for non-professionals. It also allows users to flexibly adjust parameters according to the computational convergence, achieving a balance between simulation accuracy and computational efficiency. This ensures stable convergence for mortise and tenon joint simulations of varying complexity, providing a reliable guarantee for the accurate extraction of core indicators such as rotational stiffness and energy dissipation coefficient.

[0035] Specifically, the boundary condition setting technical solution is based on "dynamic correlation and adaptation + phased precise control," constructing a constraint system that fits the actual stress flow of mortise and tenon joints, achieving deep collaboration with the entire simulation process. In the constraint definition phase, the plugin, based on the node set in the enhanced BIM model, specifically configures three types of core constraints: hinge constraints restrict the node's translational degrees of freedom along a plane perpendicular to the rotation plane and its rotational degrees of freedom about an axis parallel to the rotation plane, retaining only the target rotational degree of freedom (such as rotation about the z-axis), adapting to the rotatable stress characteristics of mortise and tenon joints; fixed constraints completely restrict all translational and rotational degrees of freedom of the node, used to simulate fixed-end scenarios of components; displacement loading constraints, by associating with preset amplitude curve data, transform the load-time or displacement-time relationship defined by the curve into boundary commands, i.e. (in (For amplitude curve functions), enabling dynamic loading. In terms of the association mechanism, the plugin supports one-click binding of constraints to target node sets and amplitude curves, ensuring the synergy between loading and constraints. In the analysis step control stage, users can set the analysis step interval in which constraints take effect through the plugin interface, and check the "activate / disable" status to achieve automatic switching of constraints at different stages. For example, in the static preloading stage, fixed constraints are enabled to fix the component position, and in the rotational performance analysis stage, hinged constraints are switched to activate displacement loading. Furthermore, constraint parameters can be adjusted synchronously with the analysis step without repeated configuration.

[0036] Understandably, this technical solution effectively addresses the core pain points of traditional boundary condition settings, such as disconnected relationships, inability to dynamically adjust, and cumbersome operation, demonstrating significant advantages. The precise association between constraints, node sets, and amplitude curves avoids the problem of misaligned loading and constraints in traditional manual settings, ensuring that displacement loading is precisely applied to the target area according to the preset regime. This results in simulation results of the rotational response of mortise and tenon joints closely matching the actual experimental scenario, significantly improving analysis accuracy. The analysis step activation / disabling function accurately recreates the entire process of ancient wooden structures from initial fixing and preloading to formal rotational stress, overcoming the limitations of traditional single-constraint modes in simulating dynamic stress processes and providing support for capturing changes in node mechanical behavior at different stages. The one-click association and batch configuration mechanism replaces the traditional manual selection of nodes and manual binding of curves, significantly shortening the boundary condition setting time while avoiding human errors such as missed or incorrect constraint settings, balancing efficiency and accuracy. The flexible switching and parameter adjustability of the three types of constraints are adaptable to different types of mortise and tenon joints such as straight tenons and dovetail tenons, as well as different analysis scenarios such as quasi-static and dynamic analysis. It can meet the needs of conventional standardized analysis and also cope with the personalized constraint needs of irregular mortise and tenon joints in historical buildings, further enhancing the versatility and engineering adaptability of the technical solution.

[0037] Specifically, the Abaqus INP file generation technology is centered on "full information integration and encapsulation + multi-type tenon and mortise adaptation," relying on integrated structural analysis plugins to achieve standardized data integration and scenario-based adaptation. Based on the mapping relationship between finite element meshes and BIM models, the plugin systematically encapsulates various parameters into the INP file according to Abaqus syntax specifications, ensuring complete and comprehensive information: geometric topology information originates from entity data converted from ACIS format files, accurately preserving core features such as tenon and mortise mesh boundaries and fit clearances; finite element mesh information includes element type, node coordinates, mesh quality parameters (distortion rate, aspect ratio), and Elset / Nset identifiers, completely corresponding to the node / element set definition; material property information encapsulates orthotropic elastic constitutive parameters, Hill yield criterion parameters, and section geometric parameters, directly linking them to the corresponding component elements; interaction, load, boundary conditions, and analysis step information are logically ordered according to the simulation process, sequentially written into contact pair definitions, friction coefficient configurations, amplitude curve associations, constraint effectiveness rules, and nonlinear solution parameters, forming a structured data system. For compatibility with multiple mortise and tenon types, the plugin has a built-in parametric template library. Based on the structural differences of mortise and tenon joints such as straight tenons and dovetail tenons, it automatically adjusts the contact area filtering rules, mesh refinement strategies, and interaction parameters in the INP file. For example, since the dovetail tenon meshing surface is more complex, the template automatically optimizes the threshold of discontinuous sets and the contact detection accuracy, ensuring that the INP file can be adapted to the rotational performance simulation of different types of mortise and tenon joints without manual modification, and is compatible with the nonlinear solution logic of Abaqus software.

[0038] Understandably, this technical solution effectively addresses the core pain points of traditional INP file generation—cumbersome processes, incomplete information, and poor adaptability—significantly improving the efficiency and reliability of the simulation process. Fully integrated encapsulation enables "one-time configuration, one-click generation," replacing the manual process of writing and piecing together INP files segment by segment. This avoids simulation failures due to format errors or missing information, while ensuring data consistency between the BIM model and the INP file. It reduces INP file generation time from hours to minutes, significantly improving preprocessing efficiency. Multi-tenon and mortise type adaptation templates break the "one-to-one" limitation of traditional INP files. There's no need to build separate models and generate files for different tenon and mortise types such as straight tenons and dovetail tenons; the templates automatically adapt parameters to meet diverse simulation needs, reducing reliance on professional operators' skills. Standardized file formats ensure that simulations can be started directly after importing into Abaqus without secondary parameter adjustments, achieving seamless integration of "BIM modeling - parameter configuration - INP generation - simulation analysis" and establishing a closed-loop data collaboration mechanism. Complete information encapsulation provides a foundation for accurate traceability of simulation results and multi-round iterative optimization. Subsequently, the model configuration can be adjusted by reverse parsing the parameters of the INP file, providing efficient technical support for the protection, repair, and performance optimization of mortise and tenon joints in ancient wooden structures, and enhancing the engineering practicality and versatility of the solution.

[0039] In a specific embodiment of this application, the above steps are implemented in the following ways: First, retrieve the existing BIM models of mortise and tenon joints (such as dovetail joints) from the Revit platform, extract their ACIS format geometry files, and import them into Hypermesh software to complete mesh generation and obtain finite element elements and node information. Then, load the XBIM open-source library, analyze the topological relationships of BIM model components based on the IFC standard, establish a mapping relationship between finite element mesh information and BIM model components, and generate an enhanced BIM model with finite element mesh features. Finally, call the Revit-based... An integrated structural analysis plugin developed using API and XBIM open-source libraries sequentially completes the following steps on the enhanced BIM model: node / element set and surface definition, material elastic-plastic properties and section characteristics configuration, reference point and local coordinate system setting, quasi-static test amplitude curve configuration, batch application of binding / rigid body / coupled / explicit body constraints, contact pair and friction engagement parameter configuration, static general / dynamic explicit analysis step and incremental step parameter configuration, and analysis step activation settings for hinged / fixed / displacement loading constraints. Then, the plugin automatically integrates mesh data and all configuration parameters based on mapping relationships to generate an Abaqus INP file containing complete information such as geometric topology, mesh, material, section, interaction, load, boundary conditions, and analysis steps. Finally, this INP file is directly imported into Abaqus software to start numerical simulation calculations and complete the rotational performance analysis of different types of tenon and mortise joints. The entire process requires no manual writing of INP file code, achieving full-process automation and precise collaboration from BIM modeling to simulation analysis.

[0040] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program goods. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program goods embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0041] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program goods according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0042] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0043] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The existing mortise and tenon joint BIM model is obtained based on the Revit platform, and the ACIS format geometric file of the BIM model is extracted. The ACIS format geometry file is imported into Hypermesh software for mesh generation to obtain the element and node information of the finite element model. Load the XBIM open-source library, parse the component topology relationship of the BIM model based on the IFC standard, and establish the mapping relationship between the finite element mesh information and the BIM model components to generate an enhanced BIM model with finite element mesh features. The integrated structural analysis plugin, developed based on the Revit API and the XBIM open-source library, is invoked to configure structural analysis parameters on the basis of the enhanced BIM model. The structural analysis parameters include: node / element set definition, surface definition, reference point setting, material properties, cross-sectional properties, local coordinate system setting, amplitude curve configuration, constraint setting, interaction definition, interaction property definition, analysis step configuration, and boundary condition setting. Based on the mapping relationship, the integrated structural analysis plugin automatically integrates the mesh data in the initial INP file with the structural analysis parameters configured in step four to generate an Abaqus INP file that can be executed directly and contains complete geometry, mesh, material, section, interaction, load and analysis step configuration. Import the Abaqus INP file into the Abaqus software and perform numerical simulation analysis of the rotational performance of the mortise and tenon joint to complete the simulation modeling and rotational analysis.

2. The BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The definition of the node / unit set and the surface definition specifically include: Define a set of consecutive nodes / elements to identify the main component; Based on the geometric meshing boundary of the tenon and mortise, the system automatically identifies and defines discontinuous node / unit sets to accurately locate potential contact areas. Based on the discontinuous set, slave and master surfaces for defining contact pairs are automatically generated. The definition of the node / cell set supports manual input of node / cell numbers for supplementation, or automatic identification and data picking by parsing the Elset / Nset identifiers in the initial INP file.

3. The BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material performance configuration includes defining the elastic and plastic properties of the material; The section property configuration includes assigning the material properties to the section of the structural member and assigning the defined section to the corresponding structural member.

4. The BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference point setting supports precise setting via input of three-dimensional coordinates, serving as a benchmark for load application and constraint definition; the local coordinate system setting is used to specify the material orientation of structural components.

5. The BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amplitude curve configuration is used to define a load-time or displacement-time related numerical sequence that conforms to the quasi-static test loading regime of ancient wooden structures.

6. The BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constraint settings provide constraint types including rigging, rigid body, coupling, and display body, and enable batch application of constraints by associating reference points or node sets.

7. The BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The definitions of interaction and interaction properties specifically include: Based on the generated slave surface and master surface, contact pairs are configured to simulate the frictional contact and interlocking behavior of mortise and tenon joints; Based on wood property test data, the friction coefficient, normal behavior and tangential behavior parameters of the contact interface are configured for the contact pair; The tangential behavior parameters support the configuration of elastic-plastic contact behavior, adapting to the simulation of plastic deformation after the mortise and tenon joints are engaged.

8. The BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis step configuration supports static universal analysis steps and dynamic explicit analysis steps, and can enable geometric nonlinearity options to configure initial increment step, minimum increment step, and maximum increment step parameters.

9. The BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The boundary conditions are set to associate the node set with the amplitude curve data, define hinged, fixed or displacement loading constraints, and support the activation or deactivation of specific boundary conditions in different analysis steps.

10. The BIM-based ABAQUS simulation modeling and rotation analysis method for mortise and tenon joints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Abaqus INP file contains complete information on geometric topology, finite element mesh, material properties, cross-sectional properties, interaction configuration, load configuration, boundary conditions, and analysis step configuration. The Abaqus INP file is compatible with rotational performance simulation analysis of various tenon and mortise types.

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