Reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of microwave and radio frequency circuits, in particular to a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching. Comprising a high-power branch, a low-power branch and an isolation network, one end of the high-power branch is connected with the input port; the other end of the high-power branch is connected with a high-power output port; one end of the low-power branch is connected with the input port; the other end of the low-power branch is connected with a low-power output port; one end of the isolation network is connected with the high-power branch; and the other end of the isolation network is connected with the low-power branch. The power divider circuit can be reconstructed into different preset power distribution ratio states by regulating and controlling the switching state, the isolation degree between the two output ports can be effectively improved, and the impedance matching performance under the odd-mode excitation condition is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microwave and radio frequency circuit technology, and in particular to a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching. Background Technology

[0002] Microwave power dividers are indispensable passive components in radio frequency (RF) front-end systems. Their core function is to efficiently and reliably distribute the input microwave signal to two or more output ports according to a predetermined ratio. This characteristic makes them crucial in phased array radars, modern multi-antenna communication systems, and precision microwave measurement equipment. In existing technologies, traditional power dividers, whether classic equal-division structures or unequal-division structures designed for specific scenarios, have a fixed power distribution ratio once their physical design is determined, lacking the possibility of dynamic adjustment in the application environment. However, with the rapid development of wireless communication technology, especially the increasing demand for intelligent RF resource management in 5G and future communication systems, systems often need to dynamically adjust the signal energy distribution scheme based on real-time user distribution, drastic changes in channel conditions, and different power management strategies.

[0003] To overcome the limitations of fixed power distribution ratios, the technical community has explored various approaches. One relatively intuitive solution is to combine multiple power dividers with fixed distribution ratios and a complex single-pole multi-throw (SPMT) switching network, selecting different signal paths through switching. However, this method has significant drawbacks: it leads to an exceptionally complex system structure, substantial accumulation of insertion losses, and consumes valuable board space. Another approach involves adopting tunable circuits based on semiconductor devices such as varactor diodes or PIN diodes, continuously adjusting circuit parameters by changing the bias voltage. While these solutions offer continuous adjustability, they typically suffer from inherent problems such as limited power handling capacity, significant nonlinear distortion, and the need for additional and complex bias and control circuitry.

[0004] Furthermore, traditionally used power dividers based on distributed parameter theory, such as microstrip lines and striplines, while exhibiting excellent performance at higher frequencies, typically have physical dimensions proportional to the operating wavelength. This results in excessively large sizes at lower microwave frequencies, making them unsuitable for the current urgent requirements of RF systems for device miniaturization and high integration. In summary, there is a significant gap in existing technology: a reconfigurable unequal power divider that can balance structural compactness, fast switching capability, and ease of control, while simultaneously ensuring excellent port matching and high isolation performance across various operating states. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in related technologies. To this end, this invention provides a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching, which effectively improves the isolation between the two output ports under different power distribution states and optimizes the impedance matching performance under odd-mode excitation conditions.

[0006] This invention provides a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching, comprising: a high-power branch, a low-power branch, and an isolation network; The high-power branch includes a first lumped parameter network and a second lumped parameter network. The low-power branch includes a first lumped parameter network and a second lumped parameter network. The high-power branch first lumped parameter network, the high-power branch second lumped parameter network, the low-power branch first lumped parameter network, and the low-power branch second lumped parameter network adopt a topology that internally includes switching elements. One end of the first lumped parameter network of the high-power branch is connected to the input port; The other end of the first lumped parameter network of the high-power branch is connected to one end of the second lumped parameter network of the high-power branch; The other end of the second lumped parameter network of the high-power branch is connected to the high-power output port; One end of the first lumped parameter network of the low-power branch is connected to the input port; The other end of the first lumped parameter network of the low-power branch is connected to one end of the second lumped parameter network of the low-power branch; The other end of the second lumped parameter network of the low-power branch is connected to the low-power output port; One end of the isolation network is connected to one end of the second lumped parameter network of the high-power branch; The other end of the isolation network is connected to one end of the second lumped parameter network of the low-power branch.

[0007] According to the present invention, a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching is provided, wherein the isolation network is a parallel combination of isolation resistors and isolation capacitors, the isolation network adopts a structure that includes internal switching elements, and the isolation network is used to ensure the isolation between output ports and improve the impedance matching performance of the circuit.

[0008] According to the present invention, a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching is provided, wherein the isolation network includes at least two branches arranged in parallel, one branch being composed of a capacitor and a switch connected in series; the other branch being composed of an isolation resistor and an isolation switch connected in parallel, and then connected in series with an additional isolation resistor.

[0009] According to the present invention, a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching is provided, wherein the topology is any one of PI structure, T structure, T-coil structure or LC structure.

[0010] According to the present invention, a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching is provided. The topology controls the on and off states of the controlled switch through a single or multiple control signals, thereby changing the equivalent circuit topology and impedance characteristics of the topology and enabling the power distribution ratio between the output ports to switch between at least two unequal ratios.

[0011] According to the present invention, a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching is provided. The topology includes a capacitor element between one end of an inductor element disposed on the signal path and ground, at least one grounding branch consisting of a capacitor and a switch connected in series, and at least one series network consisting of an inductor and a switch connected in parallel.

[0012] According to the present invention, a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching is provided, wherein the at least two unequal division ratios include all ratios from one path being fully on and the other path being off to both paths having the same power distribution.

[0013] According to the present invention, a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching is provided, wherein when one path is fully open and the other path is closed, the second lumped parameter network of the high power branch includes at least one grounded branch with a resistor connected in series with the switch, and a series switch element disposed on the signal path. The low-power branch second lumped parameter network includes at least one grounded branch with a resistor and a switch in series, and a series switching element disposed on the signal path.

[0014] According to the present invention, a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching is provided, wherein the physical implementation of the inductors, capacitors, resistors and switching elements in the topology adopts one or more arbitrary combinations of discrete components using surface mount technology, monolithic microwave integrated circuit technology, and planar structures using low temperature co-fired ceramic technology.

[0015] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: This invention provides a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching. By rationally configuring its parallel capacitors and series inductors, it can achieve diverse impedance transformations over a wide frequency band, thereby better supporting the reconfigurable power distribution ratio requirements and balancing circuit performance and structural compactness.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 of the reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 of the reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 6 of the reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 7 of the reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this invention but cannot be used to limit the scope of this invention.

[0026] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0027] The following is combined Figures 1 to 7 This invention is described.

[0028] This invention provides a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching, comprising: a high-power branch, a low-power branch, and an isolation network; The high-power branch includes a first lumped parameter network and a second lumped parameter network. The low-power branch includes a first lumped parameter network and a second lumped parameter network. The high-power branch first lumped parameter network, the high-power branch second lumped parameter network, the low-power branch first lumped parameter network, and the low-power branch second lumped parameter network adopt a topology that internally includes switching elements. One end of the first lumped parameter network of the high-power branch is connected to the input port; The other end of the first lumped parameter network of the high-power branch is connected to one end of the second lumped parameter network of the high-power branch; The other end of the second lumped parameter network of the high-power branch is connected to the high-power output port; One end of the first lumped parameter network of the low-power branch is connected to the input port; The other end of the first lumped parameter network of the low-power branch is connected to one end of the second lumped parameter network of the low-power branch; The other end of the second lumped parameter network of the low-power branch is connected to the low-power output port; One end of the isolation network is connected to one end of the second lumped parameter network of the high-power branch; The other end of the isolation network is connected to one end of the second lumped parameter network of the low-power branch.

[0029] Specifically, the isolation network is a parallel combination of isolation resistors and isolation capacitors. The isolation network has an internal structure that includes switching elements. The isolation network is used to ensure the isolation between output ports and improve the impedance matching performance of the circuit.

[0030] Specifically, the isolation network includes at least two branches connected in parallel, one of which is composed of a capacitor and a switch connected in series; the other branch is composed of an isolation resistor and an isolation switch connected in parallel, and then connected in series with an additional isolation resistor.

[0031] Specifically, the topology can be any one of the following: PI-type structure, T-type structure, T-coil-type structure, or LC structure.

[0032] Specifically, the topology controls the on and off states of the controlled switches through one or more control signals, thereby changing the equivalent circuit topology and impedance characteristics of the topology and switching the power distribution ratio between the output ports between at least two unequal proportions.

[0033] Specifically, the topology includes a capacitor element between one end of an inductor element on the signal path and ground, at least one grounding branch consisting of a capacitor and a switch connected in series, and at least one series network consisting of an inductor and a switch connected in parallel.

[0034] Specifically, the at least two unequal power distribution ratios include all ratios ranging from one path fully open and the other closed to both paths having the same power allocation.

[0035] Specifically, when one path is fully open and the other is closed, the second lumped parameter network of the high-power branch includes at least one grounded branch with a resistor and a switch connected in series and a series switching element disposed on the signal path; The low-power branch second lumped parameter network includes at least one ground branch with a resistor and a switch connected in series and a series switch element disposed on the signal path.

[0036] Specifically, the physical implementation of the inductors, capacitors, resistors, and switching elements in the topology adopts one or more arbitrary combinations of discrete components using surface mount technology, monolithic microwave integrated circuit technology, and planar structures in low-temperature co-fired ceramic technology.

[0037] Example 1 like Figure 1As shown, this example provides a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching. Two branches branch from the input port are provided, each including a first-stage lumped parameter matching network, an isolation network, and a second-stage lumped parameter matching network. The first-stage lumped parameter matching network is configured as follows: a grounding capacitor C10 is connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C11 and switch Ctrl3 connected in series is connected in parallel; an inductor L5 is connected in series; a structure consisting of inductor L6 and switch Ctrl1 connected in parallel is connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C12 and switch Ctrl4 connected in series is connected in parallel; and another grounding capacitor C13 is connected in parallel. In the first-stage network of the branch containing the low-power output port, the following structure is configured as follows: a grounding capacitor C20 is connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C21 and switch Ctrl11 connected in series is connected in parallel; an inductor L9 is connected in series; a structure consisting of inductor L10 and switch Ctrl9 connected in parallel is connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C22 and switch Ctrl12 connected in series is connected in parallel; and another grounding capacitor C23 is connected in parallel. The isolation network spans the first-level network output nodes of the two branches and includes: two isolation resistors R2 and R3 connected in series, and a switch Ctrl5 connected in parallel across resistor R3; an isolation capacitor C18; and an isolation capacitor C19 connected in series with a switch Ctrl6. In the second-level network of the branch containing the high-power output port, the following structure is configured sequentially: a grounding capacitor C14 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C15 connected in series with a switch Ctrl7 connected in parallel; an inductor L7 connected in series; a structure consisting of inductor L8 connected in parallel with a switch Ctrl2 connected in series; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C16 connected in series with a switch Ctrl8 connected in parallel; another grounding capacitor C17 connected in parallel; and grounding resistor R5 connected in parallel with a switch Ctrl16. In the second-level network of the branch containing the low-power output port, the following structure is configured sequentially: a grounding capacitor C24 is connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C25 and switch Ctrl13 connected in series is connected in parallel; an inductor L11 is connected in series; a structure consisting of inductor L12 and switch Ctrl10 connected in parallel is connected in series; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C26 and switch Ctrl14 connected in series is connected in parallel; another grounding capacitor C27 is connected in parallel; and a grounding resistor R4 and switch Ctrl15 are also included. Through the coordinated design of the above two-level networks, this power divider can distribute the input power to the high-power output port and the low-power output port according to a preset ratio. By coordinating the control of all switch states, the equivalent impedance of the two signal paths is systematically adjusted to achieve switching between two preset power distribution ratios. In both states, by controlling the on and off states of the switches on the isolation branch, the parameters of the isolation network can be adjusted to ensure excellent port isolation under different power distribution ratios.

[0038] Example 2 like Figure 2As shown, this example provides a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching, including an input port, a high-power output port, and a low-power output port. Two branches branching from the input port correspond to the upper branch of the high-power output port and the lower branch of the low-power output port, respectively. Each branch includes a first-stage lumped parameter matching network, an isolation network, and a second-stage lumped parameter matching network. In the first-stage network of the branch containing the high-power output port, the following structures are configured sequentially: a ground capacitor C28 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C29 connected in series with switch Ctrl17; an inductor L13 connected in series; a structure consisting of inductor L14 connected in parallel with switch Ctrl15; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C30 connected in series with switch Ctrl18; and another ground capacitor C31 connected in parallel. In the first-level network of the branch containing the low-power output port, the following structure is configured in sequence: a ground capacitor C36 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C37 and switch Ctrl24 connected in series in parallel; an inductor L17 connected in series; a structure consisting of inductor L18 and switch Ctrl22 connected in parallel in series in series; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C38 and switch Ctrl25 connected in series in parallel in parallel; and another ground capacitor C39 connected in parallel in parallel. An isolation network is connected between the first-level network output nodes of the two branches, including: two isolation resistors R4 and R5 connected in series, and switch Ctrl19 connected in parallel across resistor R5; an isolation capacitor C34; and an isolation capacitor C35 connected in series with switch Ctrl20. In the second-level network of the branch containing the high-power output port, the following structure is configured in sequence: a ground capacitor C32 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C33 and switch Ctrl21 connected in series in parallel in parallel; an inductor L15 connected in series in series; and a structure consisting of inductor L16 and switch Ctrl16 connected in parallel in series in series in series in parallel in the high-power output port. In the second-stage network of the branch containing the low-power output port, the following structure is configured sequentially: series inductor L19; a series structure consisting of inductor L20 and switch Ctrl23 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C40 and switch Ctrl26 connected in series; and another grounding capacitor C41 connected in parallel. Through the coordinated design of the above two-stage networks, this power divider can distribute the input power to the high-power output port and the low-power output port according to a preset ratio. By coordinating the control of all switch states, the equivalent impedance of the two signal paths is systematically adjusted to achieve switching between two preset power distribution ratios. In both states, the parameters of the isolation network can be adjusted by controlling the on and off states of the switches on the isolation branch to ensure excellent port isolation under different power distribution ratios. In addition, the second-stage networks of both branches adopt an LC network structure, which has the advantages of fewer components, smaller circuit area, and better circuit performance under specific power distribution ratios.

[0039] Example 3 like Figure 3As shown, this example provides a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching, including an input port, a low-power output port, a high-power output port, and a low-power output port. Two branches branching from the low-power output port correspond to the upper branch of the high-power output port and the lower branch of the low-power output port, respectively. Each branch includes a first-stage lumped parameter matching network, an isolation network, and a second-stage lumped parameter matching network. In the first-stage network of the branch containing the high-power output port, the following structures are configured sequentially: a ground capacitor C42 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C43 connected in series with switch Ctrl29; an inductor L21 connected in series; and a structure consisting of inductor L22 connected in parallel with switch Ctrl27. In the first-stage network of the branch containing the low-power output port, the following structures are configured sequentially: a ground capacitor C50 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C51 connected in series with switch Ctrl36; an inductor L25 connected in series; and a structure consisting of inductor L26 connected in parallel with switch Ctrl34. The isolation network spans the first-level network output nodes of the two branches and includes: two isolation resistors R6 and R7 connected in series, and switch Ctrl30 connected in parallel across resistor R7; isolation capacitor C48; and isolation capacitor C49 connected in series with switch Ctrl31. In the second-level network of the branch containing the high-power output port, the following structure is configured sequentially: a grounding capacitor C44 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C45 connected in series with switch Ctrl32 connected in parallel; an inductor L23 connected in series; a structure consisting of inductor L24 connected in parallel with switch Ctrl28 connected in series; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C46 connected in series with switch Ctrl33 connected in parallel; and another grounding capacitor C47 connected in parallel. In the second-stage network of the branch containing the low-power output port, the following structure is configured sequentially: a grounding capacitor C52 is connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C53 and switch Ctrl37 connected in series is connected in parallel; an inductor L27 is connected in series; a structure consisting of inductor L28 and switch Ctrl35 connected in parallel is connected in series; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C54 and switch Ctrl38 connected in series is connected in parallel; and another grounding capacitor C55 is connected in parallel. Through the coordinated design of the above two-stage networks, this power divider can distribute the input power to the high-power output port and the low-power output port according to a preset ratio. By coordinating the control of all switch states, the equivalent impedance of the two signal paths is systematically adjusted to achieve switching between two preset power distribution ratios. In addition, the first-stage networks of both branches adopt an LC network structure, which has the advantages of fewer components, smaller circuit area, and better circuit performance under specific power distribution ratio conditions.

[0040] Example 4 like Figure 4As shown, it includes an input port, a high-power output port, and a low-power output port. Two branches branching from the input port correspond to the upper branch of the high-power output port and the lower branch of the low-power output port, respectively. Each branch includes a first-stage lumped parameter matching network, an isolation network, and a second-stage lumped parameter matching network. In the first-stage network of the branch containing the high-power output port, the following structures are configured sequentially: a ground capacitor C56 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C57 and switch Ctrl41 connected in series in parallel; an inductor L29 connected in series; and a structure consisting of inductor L30 and switch Ctrl39 connected in parallel in series. In the first-stage network of the branch containing the low-power output port, the following structures are configured sequentially: a ground capacitor C62 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C63 and switch Ctrl47 connected in series in parallel; an inductor L33 connected in series; and a structure consisting of inductor L34 and switch Ctrl45 connected in parallel in series. The isolation network spans the first-stage network output nodes of the two branches and includes: two isolation resistors R8 and R9 connected in series, and a switch Ctrl42 connected in parallel across resistor R9; an isolation capacitor C60; and an isolation capacitor C61 connected in series with a switch Ctrl43. In the second-stage network of the branch containing the high-power output port, the following structure is configured sequentially: a grounding capacitor C58 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of a capacitor C59 connected in series with a switch Ctrl44; a series inductor L31; and a structure consisting of an inductor L32 connected in parallel with a switch Ctrl40. In the second-stage network of the branch containing the low-power output port, the following structure is configured sequentially: a series inductor L35; a structure consisting of an inductor L36 connected in parallel with a switch Ctrl46; a grounding branch consisting of a capacitor C64 connected in series with a switch Ctrl48; and another grounding capacitor C65 connected in parallel. Through the coordinated design of these two-stage networks, this power divider can distribute the input power to the high-power output port and the low-power output port according to a preset ratio. By coordinating the control of all switching states, the equivalent impedance of the two signal paths is systematically adjusted to achieve switching between two preset power distribution ratios. In addition, both the first and second stage networks of the two branches adopt LC network structures, which have the advantages of fewer components, smaller circuit area, and better circuit performance under specific power distribution ratio conditions.

[0041] Example 5 like Figure 5As shown, this example provides a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching, including an input port, a high-power output port, and a low-power output port. Two branches branching from the input port correspond to the upper branch of the high-power output port and the lower branch of the low-power output port, respectively. Each branch includes a first-stage lumped parameter matching network, an isolation network, and a second-stage lumped parameter matching network. In the first-stage network of the branch containing the high-power output port, the following structures are configured sequentially: a grounding capacitor C66 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C67 and switch Ctrl52 connected in series in parallel; an inductor L37 connected in series in series; a structure consisting of inductor L38 and switch Ctrl49 connected in parallel in series in series; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C68 and switch Ctrl53 connected in series in parallel; and another grounding capacitor C69 connected in parallel. In the first-stage network of the branch containing the low-power output port, the following structure is configured sequentially: a grounding capacitor C74 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C75 and switch Ctrl60 connected in series in parallel; an inductor L41 connected in series; a structure consisting of inductor L42 and switch Ctrl57 connected in parallel in series in series; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C76 and switch Ctrl61 connected in series in parallel in parallel; and another grounding capacitor C77 connected in parallel. An isolation network is connected between the first-stage network output nodes of the two branches, including: two isolation resistors R10 and R11 connected in series, and switch Ctrl54 connected in parallel across resistor R11; an isolation capacitor C72; and an isolation capacitor C73 connected in series with switch Ctrl55. In the second-level network of the branch containing the high-power output port, a T-coil structure is adopted, with the following configuration: two mutually inductive inductors L39 and L40 are connected in series, and switches Ctrl50 and Ctrl51 are connected in parallel across the two inductors respectively; a grounding capacitor C71 is connected in parallel between the two inductors; and a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C70 and switch Ctrl56 connected in series is connected in parallel. In the second-level network of the branch containing the low-power output port, a T-coil structure is adopted, with the following configuration: two mutually inductive inductors L43 and L44 are connected in series, and switches Ctrl58 and Ctrl59 are connected in parallel across the two inductors respectively; a grounding capacitor C79 is connected in parallel between the two inductors; and a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C78 and switch Ctrl62 connected in series is connected in parallel. Through the coordinated design of these two-level networks, this power divider can distribute the input power to the high-power output port and the low-power output port according to a preset ratio. By coordinating the control of all switching states, the equivalent impedance of the two signal paths is systematically adjusted to achieve switching between two preset power distribution ratios. Furthermore, the second-stage networks of both branches adopt a T-coil structure, which features fewer components, smaller circuit area, and superior circuit performance under specific power distribution ratio conditions.

[0042] Example 6 like Figure 6As shown, this example provides a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching, including an input port, a high-power output port, and a low-power output port. Two branches branching from the input port correspond to the upper branch of the high-power output port and the lower branch of the low-power output port, respectively. Each branch includes a first-stage lumped parameter matching network, an isolation network, and a second-stage lumped parameter matching network. In the first-stage network of the branch containing the high-power output port, the following structures are configured sequentially: a ground capacitor C80 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C81 and switch Ctrl63 connected in series in parallel; an inductor L45 connected in series; and a structure consisting of inductor L46 and switch Ctrl60 connected in parallel in series. In the first-stage network of the branch containing the low-power output port, the following structures are configured sequentially: a ground capacitor C86 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C87 and switch Ctrl70 connected in series in parallel; an inductor L49 connected in series; and a structure consisting of inductor L50 and switch Ctrl67 connected in parallel in series. An isolation network spans the first-stage network output nodes of the two branches, comprising: two isolation resistors R12 and R13 connected in series, and a switch Ctrl64 connected in parallel across resistor R13; an isolation capacitor C84; and an isolation capacitor C85 connected in series with switch Ctrl65. In the second-stage network of the branch containing the high-power output port, a T-coil network is used, with the following configuration: two mutually inductive inductors L47 and L48 connected in series, and switches Ctrl61 and Ctrl62 connected in parallel across the two inductors respectively; a grounding capacitor C83 connected in parallel between the two inductors; and a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C82 and switch Ctrl66 connected in series. In the second-stage network of the branch containing the low-power output port, a T-coil structure is adopted, with the following configuration: two mutually inductive inductors L51 and L52 are connected in series, and switches Ctrl68 and Ctrl69 are connected in parallel across the two inductors respectively; a grounding capacitor C89 is connected in parallel between the two inductors; and a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C88 and switch Ctrl71 connected in series is connected in parallel. Through the coordinated design of the above two-stage networks, this power divider can distribute the input power to the high-power output port and the low-power output port according to a preset ratio. By coordinating the control of all switch states, the equivalent impedance of the two signal paths is systematically adjusted to achieve switching between two preset power distribution ratios. In addition, the first-stage network of the two branches adopts an LC-type network, and the second-stage network adopts a T-coil structure, which has the advantages of fewer components, smaller circuit area, and better circuit performance under specific power distribution ratio conditions.

[0043] Example 7 like Figure 7As shown, this example provides a reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching, including an input port, a high-power output port, and a low-power output port. Two branches branching from the input port correspond to the upper branch of the high-power output port and the lower branch of the low-power output port, respectively. Each branch includes a first-stage lumped parameter matching network, an isolation network, and a second-stage lumped parameter matching network. In the first-stage network of the branch containing the high-power output port, the following structures are configured sequentially: a grounding capacitor C90 connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C91 and switch Ctrl74 connected in series in parallel; a structure consisting of inductor L53 and switch Ctrl72 connected in parallel in series in series in series in series in inductor C92 and switch Ctrl75 in parallel in inductor; and another grounding capacitor C193 connected in parallel in inductor. In the first-stage network of the branch containing the low-power output port, the following structure is configured sequentially: a grounding capacitor C100 is connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C101 and switch Ctrl83 connected in series is connected in parallel; an inductor L55 is connected in series; a structure consisting of inductor L56 and switch Ctrl81 connected in parallel is connected in series; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C102 and switch Ctrl84 connected in series is connected in parallel; and another grounding capacitor C103 is connected in parallel. An isolation network is connected between the first-stage network output nodes of the two branches, including: two isolation resistors R14 and R15 connected in series, and switch Ctrl76 connected in parallel across resistor R15; an isolation capacitor C98; and an isolation capacitor C99 connected in series with switch Ctrl77. In the second-level network of the branch containing the high-power output port, the following structures are configured sequentially: a ground capacitor C94 is connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C95 and switch Ctrl78 connected in series is connected in parallel; a structure consisting of inductor L54 and switch Ctrl73 connected in parallel is connected in series; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C196 and switch Ctrl79 connected in series is connected in parallel; another grounding capacitor C97 is connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of switch Ctrl80 and resistor R16 connected in series is connected in parallel. In the second-level network of the branch containing the low-power output port, the following structures are configured sequentially: a ground capacitor C104 is connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C105 and switch Ctrl85 connected in series is connected in parallel; an inductor L57 is connected in series; a switch Ctrl82 is connected in series; a grounding branch consisting of capacitor C106 and switch Ctrl86 connected in series is connected in parallel; another grounding capacitor C107 is connected in parallel; a grounding branch consisting of switch Ctrl87 and resistor R17 is connected in series. Through the collaborative design of the above two-level network, this power divider can distribute the input power to the high-power output port and the low-power output port in a preset ratio according to one state of one channel being fully on and one channel being fully off, and in other states of any power distribution ratio.When switch Ctrl72 is on, switch Ctrl73 is on, switch Ctrl82 is off, and switch Ctrl87 is on, by properly configuring the values ​​of the remaining circuit components, the following can be achieved: the branch containing the low-power output port shown in the figure is completely shut off, and the signal on the branch containing the high-power output port can pass through. By coordinating the control of all switch states, the equivalent impedance of the two signal paths is systematically adjusted, thereby achieving the switching between two preset power distribution ratios.

[0044] While this disclosure has been described with reference to several specific embodiments, it should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed. This disclosure is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching, characterized in that, include: High-power branches, low-power branches, and isolated networks; The high-power branch includes a first lumped parameter network and a second lumped parameter network. The low-power branch includes a first lumped parameter network and a second lumped parameter network. The high-power branch first lumped parameter network, the high-power branch second lumped parameter network, the low-power branch first lumped parameter network, and the low-power branch second lumped parameter network adopt a topology that internally includes switching elements. One end of the first lumped parameter network of the high-power branch is connected to the input port; The other end of the first lumped parameter network of the high-power branch is connected to one end of the second lumped parameter network of the high-power branch; The other end of the second lumped parameter network of the high-power branch is connected to the high-power output port; One end of the first lumped parameter network of the low-power branch is connected to the input port; The other end of the first lumped parameter network of the low-power branch is connected to one end of the second lumped parameter network of the low-power branch; The other end of the second lumped parameter network of the low-power branch is connected to the low-power output port; One end of the isolation network is connected to one end of the second lumped parameter network of the high-power branch; The other end of the isolation network is connected to one end of the second lumped parameter network of the low-power branch.

2. The reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation network is a parallel combination of isolation resistors and isolation capacitors. The isolation network has an internal switching element structure and is used to ensure the isolation between output ports and improve the impedance matching performance of the circuit.

3. A reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching according to claim 2, characterized in that, The isolation network includes at least two branches connected in parallel. One branch consists of an isolation capacitor and a disconnecting switch connected in series. The other branch consists of an isolation resistor and a disconnecting switch connected in parallel, and then connected in series with an additional isolation resistor.

4. A reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The topology can be any one of the following: PI type structure, T type structure, T-coil type structure or LC structure.

5. A reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The topology controls the on and off states of the controlled switches through single or multiple control signals, thereby changing the equivalent circuit topology and impedance characteristics of the topology and switching the power distribution ratio between the output ports between at least two unequal proportions.

6. A reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The topology includes a capacitor element between one end of an inductor element and ground on the signal path, at least one grounding branch consisting of a capacitor and a switch connected in series, and at least one series network consisting of an inductor and a switch connected in parallel.

7. A reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching according to claim 5, characterized in that, The at least two unequal power distribution ratios include all ratios ranging from one path fully open and the other closed to both paths having the same power allocation.

8. A reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching according to claim 7, characterized in that, When one path is fully open and the other is closed, the second lumped parameter network of the high-power branch includes at least one grounded branch with a resistor and a switch connected in series, and a series switching element disposed on the signal path. The low-power branch second lumped parameter network includes at least one grounded branch with a resistor and a switch in series, and a series switching element disposed on the signal path.

9. A reconfigurable unequal power divider based on switch switching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The physical implementation of the inductors, capacitors, resistors, and switching elements in the topology adopts one or more arbitrary combinations of discrete components using surface mount technology, monolithic microwave integrated circuit technology, and planar structures using low-temperature co-fired ceramic technology.

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