Pressure type anti-floating anchor rod waterproof construction structure and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure type anti-floating anchor rod waterproof construction structure, which comprises a finish rolling twisted steel anchor rod, a pressure type anti-floating anchor rod and a pressure type anti-floating anchor rod, the bottom waterproof material layer is arranged in a circular area above the raft cushion layer and around the finish-rolled twisted steel anchor rod; the first non-cured rubber asphalt layer is arranged above the bottom waterproof material layer and in a circular area around the finish-rolled twisted steel anchor rod; the anchoring plate is arranged on the finish rolling twisted steel anchor rod in a sleeving manner, and is locked to the first non-cured rubber asphalt layer through a first nut after the finish rolling twisted steel anchor rod is tensioned; the steel sleeve is arranged on the anchoring plate and arranged on the outer side of the first nut in a sleeving mode, the steel sleeve is filled with non-cured rubber asphalt, and the steel sleeve and the outer portion of the anchoring plate are integrated with the first non-cured rubber asphalt layer by painting a second non-cured rubber asphalt layer; and the cement mortar waterproof protection layer is of an arc splayed structure and is arranged at the slab staggering position between the anchoring plate and the second non-cured rubber asphalt layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of prestressed anchor construction technology, specifically to a pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof construction structure and method. Background Technology

[0002] In a certain construction project, pressure-type prestressed anchor rods were used to tension the prestressed fine-rolled threaded steel bars before the raft foundation was poured to enhance the structure's anti-buoyancy capacity. However, traditional methods have the following inherent defects in the design of waterproof joints: (1) The prestressed fine-rolled threaded steel bars pass through the waterproof layer of the bottom slab and are tensioned before the raft slab is poured. After tensioning, the gap between the prestressed fine-rolled threaded steel bars and the waterproof layer of the bottom slab cannot be effectively closed, forming a permanent gap. This causes groundwater to seep into the gap between the prestressed fine-rolled threaded steel bars and the waterproof layer of the bottom slab. In actual construction, the gap width may expand due to the tension stress, which in turn causes water seepage in the basement raft slab and affects the building's functionality.

[0003] (2) The waterproof layer was constructed in advance, but the parts through which the prestressed fine-rolled threaded steel bars passed were not specially sealed. They were simply filled or covered. The waterproof layer was made of rigid or semi-rigid material and lacked a flexible compensation mechanism, so it could not adapt to the stress changes of the anchor rod.

[0004] (3) The existing practice adopts the sequence of "tensioning first, then waterproofing". After tensioning, the gap is already fixed, and subsequent waterproofing construction is difficult to cover effectively. In the later stage, omissions or uneven coverage are likely to occur, resulting in a high risk of water seepage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof construction structure and method to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the gap between the prestressed threaded steel bar and the waterproof layer of the base slab cannot be effectively closed after tensioning, forming a permanent gap, which leads to groundwater seepage into the gap between the prestressed threaded steel bar and the waterproof layer of the base slab.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof construction structure, comprising: a finely threaded steel bar anchor rod disposed within an anchor hole; a bottom waterproof material layer disposed above the raft foundation and in a circular area surrounding the finely threaded steel bar anchor rod; a first non-curing rubber asphalt layer disposed above the bottom waterproof material layer and in a circular area surrounding the finely threaded steel bar anchor rod, wherein the diameter of the first non-curing rubber asphalt layer is larger than the diameter of the bottom waterproof material layer; and an anchor plate sleeved on the finely threaded steel bar anchor rod, and locked to the first non-curing rubber asphalt layer by a first nut after the finely threaded steel bar anchor rod is tensioned. A steel sleeve is installed on the anchor plate and fitted over the first nut. The inside of the steel sleeve is filled with non-cured rubber asphalt. The steel sleeve and the outside of the anchor plate are integrated with the first non-cured rubber asphalt layer by applying a second non-cured rubber asphalt layer. A cement mortar waterproof protective layer is an arc-shaped structure and is installed at the misalignment between the anchor plate and the second non-cured rubber asphalt layer. A third non-cured rubber asphalt layer is installed above the anchor plate and the cement mortar waterproof protective layer, and an SBS waterproof additional layer is laid on top of the third non-cured rubber asphalt layer.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom waterproofing material layer is a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating layer, which is disposed in a circular area with a diameter of 500mm around the finely rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod, and has a thickness of 1.5mm.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the anchor plate is a square steel plate with an outer diameter larger than that of the steel sleeve. A first nut is set on the top of the anchor plate and is threadedly connected to the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod. A through hole matching the diameter of the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod is opened at the center of the top of the steel sleeve.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the lower part of the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod is set in the anchor hole, and a plastic sleeve is fitted on the outside of the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod. Lubricating grease is filled between the plastic sleeve and the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod. Cement grout is set on the outside of the plastic sleeve, and two positioning frames are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower parts of the outside of the plastic sleeve.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a conical guide cap is provided at the lower end of the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod, and a metal guide plate is connected to the upper part of the conical guide cap. The metal guide plate is sleeved on the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod and is fixedly connected to the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod by a second nut provided below the metal guide plate.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, both the metal guide plate and the second nut are coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a spiral rib is fitted on the top of the steel sleeve, a circular pad is provided on the top of the spiral rib, and a third nut is provided above the circular pad.

[0013] This invention also discloses a pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproofing construction method, comprising the following steps: S1. Open anchor holes at the designed locations and inject cement grout into the anchor holes; S2. Install the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod in the anchor hole; S3. Base layer and waterproofing preparation, including: S31. Treat the raft foundation layer; S32. Apply a base waterproofing material layer to the raft foundation, with the base waterproofing material layer directly covering the anchor root to form a penetrating waterproofing layer; S33. Apply a first non-curing rubber asphalt layer on the bottom waterproof material layer, and the diameter of the first non-curing rubber asphalt layer is larger than the diameter of the bottom waterproof material layer. S4. Anchor bolt tensioning and locking: Anchor plate is installed simultaneously with tensioning. When the anchor bolt tensioning reaches the design value, the anchor plate is locked to the first non-cured rubber asphalt layer by the first nut. S5. Install a steel sleeve on the anchor plate and fill it with non-curing rubber asphalt, wrap the first nut inside to form a rigid-SEAL composite. Apply a second non-curing rubber asphalt layer to the outside of the steel sleeve and the anchor plate to integrate it with the first non-curing rubber asphalt layer. S6. A cement mortar waterproof protective layer is set at the misalignment between the anchor plate and the second non-cured rubber asphalt layer. The cement mortar waterproof protective layer is set as an arc-shaped structure. S7. After the cement mortar waterproof protective layer has completely dried, apply the third non-curing rubber asphalt layer evenly over the anchor plate and the cement mortar waterproof protective layer, and then lay the SBS waterproof additional layer over the third non-curing rubber asphalt layer.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, it further includes: S8. Add an additional layer of SBS waterproofing to the vertical steel casing to reinforce the complete closure between the horizontal SBS waterproofing to the waterproofing at the root of the steel casing. S9. Apply another layer of non-curing rubber asphalt at the intersection of the steel sleeve and the horizontal SBS waterproofing layer. S10. Construct the waterproof layer and protective layer of the base slab to complete the overall structure.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the method further includes: in step S2, installing the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod in the anchor hole, which includes: fitting a plastic sleeve on the lower part of the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod, filling grease between the plastic sleeve and the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod to form a lubrication layer, and setting a conical guide cap at the lower end, with a metal guide plate connected to the upper part of the conical guide cap, the metal guide plate being fitted onto the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod, and being fixedly connected to the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod by a second nut set below the metal guide plate, so that the metal guide plate and the conical guide cap are fixed in the cement grouting body.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention utilizes an anchoring plate, a steel sleeve, and a steel nut. The steel sleeve is fully filled with non-curing rubber asphalt, encasing the first nut to form a rigid-SEAL composite. The metal components together provide strong mechanical strength and stability, firmly transferring and distributing the prestress of the anchor rod to the base plate. The non-curing rubber asphalt fills the interior of the steel sleeve, filling all gaps and encasing the first nut and anchor rod. The exterior of the steel sleeve and anchoring plate is coated with a second layer of non-curing rubber asphalt, fusing it with the first layer to form a continuous, flexible waterproof layer. This creates a permanent, adhesive seal that adapts to micro-deformation and completely blocks water penetration. In other words, the rigid and SEAL material components work together to resist mechanical loads (such as prestress and buoyancy), while the SEAL material resolves micro-cracks and gaps that may arise under stress, solving the fundamental defect of the original process where gaps could not be closed.

[0017] 2. The bottom waterproof material layer (cement-based penetrating crystallization), the first non-curing rubber asphalt layer, the second non-curing rubber asphalt layer, the third non-curing rubber asphalt layer, and the SBS waterproof additional layer are stacked in a specific order. Through the gradient design of "penetrating crystallization layer + flexible asphalt layer + roll material layer", the problem that a single material cannot simultaneously achieve penetration sealing and stress adaptation is further solved.

[0018] 3. Traditional processes require frequent repairs of leak points, while this invention provides long-term seepage prevention with a single construction, reducing subsequent investment and setting a new standard for waterproofing with anti-floating anchors. It can be widely used in garages, underground engineering, and other fields. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall construction structure of the pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper waterproofing node of the pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproofing construction structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 4This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod; 2. Bottom waterproof material layer; 3. First non-curing rubber asphalt layer; 4. Anchor plate; 5. First nut; 6. Steel sleeve; 7. Second non-curing rubber asphalt layer; 8. Cement mortar waterproof protective layer; 9. Third non-curing rubber asphalt layer; 10. Raft foundation; 11. SBS waterproof additional layer; 12. Anchor hole; 13. Plastic sleeve; 14. Lubricating grease; 15. Conical guide cap; 16. Metal guide plate; 17. Second nut; 18. Cement grout; 19. Positioning frame; 20. Spiral reinforcement; 21. Circular pad; 22. Third nut; 23. Water-swellable sealing strip. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof construction structure of this embodiment includes: a finely threaded steel bar anchor 1, a bottom waterproof material layer 2, a first non-curing rubber asphalt layer 3, an anchor plate 4, a first nut 5, a steel sleeve 6, a second non-curing rubber asphalt layer 7, a cement mortar waterproof protective layer 8, a third non-curing rubber asphalt layer 9, and an SBS waterproof additional layer 11. The finely threaded steel bar anchor 1 is installed in the anchor hole 12, and the bottom waterproof material layer 2 is installed in the circular area above the raft foundation 10 and around the finely threaded steel bar anchor 1. The first non-curing rubber asphalt layer 3 is installed in the circular area above the bottom waterproof material layer 2 and around the finely threaded steel bar anchor 1, and the diameter of the first non-curing rubber asphalt layer 3 is larger than the diameter of the bottom waterproof material layer 2.

[0023] Anchor plate 4 is fitted onto the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 and locked to the first non-cured rubber asphalt layer 3 by the first nut 5 after the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod is tensioned. Steel sleeve 6 is installed on anchor plate 4 and fitted onto the outside of the first nut 5. The inside of steel sleeve 6 is filled with non-cured rubber asphalt, enclosing the first nut 5 and the anchor rod, forming a rigid-SEAL composite. The rigid part composed of metal components provides strong mechanical strength and stability, firmly transferring and dispersing the prestress of the anchor rod to the base plate. Furthermore, the steel sleeve 6 and the outside of anchor plate 4 are fused together with the first non-cured rubber asphalt layer 3 by applying a second non-cured rubber asphalt layer 7, forming a continuous flexible waterproof layer, thus creating a permanent adhesive seal that adapts to micro-deformation and completely blocks water penetration. When the underground structure rises to the surface or settles, the rigid and SEAL material components work together to withstand the loads. The rigid components resist mechanical loads (such as prestress and buoyancy), while the SEAL material mitigates any micro-cracks and gaps that may arise under stress. The composite maintains its seal integrity, solving the fundamental defect of the original process where gaps could not be closed. Simultaneously, when the underground structure experiences slight settlement or deformation, the flexible SEAL material can extend and deform accordingly, while the rigid frame ensures the overall structure does not collapse, achieving dynamic sealing.

[0024] Furthermore, a cement mortar waterproof protective layer 8 is installed at the misalignment between the anchor plate 4 and the second non-cured rubber asphalt layer 7. The cement mortar waterproof protective layer 8 has an arc-shaped structure and eliminates the misalignment between the anchor plate and the second non-cured rubber asphalt layer, ensuring a smooth application of the SBS waterproofing supplementary layer and preventing tearing. The third non-cured rubber asphalt layer 9 is installed on the anchor plate 4 and the cement mortar waterproof protective layer 8. The bottom waterproof material layer 2 is a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating layer. It is installed in a 500mm diameter circular area around the finely rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod 1, covering the stress concentration area at the anchor rod root, with a thickness of 1.5mm. As the bottom layer, the bottom waterproof material layer 2 penetrates into the micropores of the raft foundation through a chemical reaction, forming a crystalline barrier and sealing the seepage path of the base layer. The first non-cured rubber asphalt layer 3, the second non-cured rubber asphalt layer 7, and the third non-cured rubber asphalt layer 9 serve as intermediate layers. Utilizing their permanent adhesion and flexibility, they adapt to the micro-displacement after anchor rod tensioning, and through overlapping coverage, they prevent edge leakage. An SBS waterproofing layer 11 is laid on top of the third non-curing rubber asphalt layer 9. The SBS waterproofing layer 11 serves as the outer layer, providing mechanical strength and durability. After hot-melt application, it forms a pressure-resistant protective shell. The upper, middle, and bottom layers form a "rigid-flexible-rigid" gradient, ensuring both sealing and preventing stress concentration that could lead to cracking.

[0025] Furthermore, the anchor plate 4 is a square steel plate, and its outer diameter is larger than that of the steel sleeve 6. The first nut 5 is set on the top of the anchor plate 4 and is threadedly connected to the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1. A through hole matching the diameter of the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 is opened at the center of the top of the steel sleeve 6. The lower part of the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 is set in the anchor hole 12, and a plastic sleeve 13 is sleeved on the outside of the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1. Lubricating grease 14 is filled between the plastic sleeve 13 and the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1, forming a lubrication layer to reduce tension resistance. Cement grouting body 18 is set on the outside of the plastic sleeve 13, and two positioning frames 19 are symmetrically set on the upper and lower parts of the outside of the plastic sleeve 13.

[0026] Furthermore, a conical guide cap 15 is provided at the lower end of the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1. A metal guide plate 16 is connected to the upper part of the conical guide cap 15. The metal guide plate 16 is sleeved on the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 and is fixedly connected to the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 by a second nut 17 provided below the metal guide plate 16. Both the metal guide plate 16 and the second nut 17 are coated with an anti-corrosion coating. The conical guide cap 15 and the metal guide plate 16 improve the positioning of the anchor rod in the anchor hole and enhance the pull-out resistance efficiency.

[0027] Furthermore, a spiral rib 20 is fitted on the top of the steel sleeve 6, a circular pad 21 is provided on the top of the spiral rib 20, and a third nut 22 is provided above the circular pad 21. Example

[0028] This invention also discloses a pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproofing construction method, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Use a single-axis long spiral drilling rig to drill anchor holes 12 of specified diameter and depth into the foundation soil or rock layer at the designed location, and fill them with C30 cement grout 18.

[0029] Step S2: Install the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 in the anchor hole 12, including: installing a plastic sleeve 13 in the anchor hole and performing secondary grouting; inserting the lower part of the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 into the plastic sleeve 13; filling the space between the plastic sleeve 13 and the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 with grease 14 to form a lubrication layer; and setting a conical guide cap 15 at the lower end. The upper part of the conical guide cap 15 is connected to a metal guide plate 16. The metal guide plate 16 is fitted onto the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 and fixedly connected to the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 by a second nut 17 located below the metal guide plate 16, thus fixing the metal guide plate 16 and the conical guide cap 15 in the cement grouting body 18. Before tensioning, the position of the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 can be finely adjusted within the plastic sleeve 13; during tensioning, the plastic sleeve reduces lateral constraints, allowing the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 to move smoothly along the axial direction until the design tension is reached. This avoids the threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 getting stuck or locking prematurely.

[0030] Step S3, Base Layer and Waterproofing Preparation, includes: Step S31: Treat the raft foundation layer 10, including removing floating dust and drying it after the strength meets the standard, to ensure that the base layer is flat and clean; Step S32: Apply the bottom waterproof material layer 2 to the raft foundation 10. The bottom waterproof material layer 2 directly covers the root of the anchor rod to form a penetrating waterproof layer. This layer directly covers the root of the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod 1 and seals the micropores. Step S33: Apply a first non-curing rubber asphalt layer 3 to the bottom waterproof material layer 2 as a flexible transition layer. The diameter of the first non-curing rubber asphalt layer 3 is larger than the diameter of the bottom waterproof material layer 2 to achieve overlapping coverage and avoid edge leakage.

[0031] Step S4: Anchor bolt tensioning and locking. Anchor plate 4 is installed simultaneously with tensioning. When the anchor bolt tension reaches the design value, anchor plate 4 is locked to the first non-cured rubber asphalt layer 3 using the first nut 5. Specifically, this includes: Before tensioning the anchor bolts, the anchor plate 4 and the first nut 5 are temporarily installed on the threaded steel bar anchor bolt 1. Tensioning is then performed to bring the threaded steel bar anchor bolt 1 to its designed prestress value. During tensioning, the threaded steel bar anchor bolt 1 withstands pull-out force to resist the buoyancy of groundwater. After tensioning, the anchor plate 4 is immediately locked onto the first non-cured rubber asphalt layer 3 to ensure the prestress value remains unchanged and to prevent gap widening. The tensioning equipment is then dismantled, and subsequent steel sleeve installation is carried out.

[0032] Step S5: Install a steel sleeve 6 on the anchor plate 4 and fill it with non-curing rubber asphalt, wrapping the first nut 5 inside to form a rigid-SEAL composite. The material adhesiveness is used to close the gap before it is generated. The steel sleeve 6 and the anchor plate 4 are fused together by applying a second non-curing rubber asphalt layer 7 to the outside of the steel sleeve 6 and the anchor plate 4.

[0033] Step S6: Set a cement mortar waterproof protective layer 8 at the misalignment between the anchor plate 4 and the second non-cured rubber asphalt layer 7. The cement mortar waterproof protective layer 8 is set as an arc-shaped V-shaped structure to eliminate the misalignment between the anchor plate and the base layer and provide a smooth transition surface for the SBS waterproof additional layer.

[0034] Step S7: After the cement mortar waterproof protective layer 8 has completely dried, apply the third non-curing rubber asphalt layer 9 evenly over the anchor plate 4 and the cement mortar waterproof protective layer 8, and then lay the SBS waterproof additional layer 11 over the third non-curing rubber asphalt layer 9 to form an outer protective structure.

[0035] Step S8: Add an additional layer of SBS waterproofing in the vertical direction of the steel sleeve 6 to reinforce the complete closure between the horizontal SBS waterproofing layer and the waterproofing at the root of the steel sleeve 6.

[0036] Step S9: Apply another layer of non-curing rubber asphalt to the intersection of the steel sleeve 6 and the horizontal SBS waterproof additional layer 11 to cover the junction.

[0037] Step S10: Construct the waterproof layer and protective layer for the base slab.

[0038] Step S11: Install the spiral reinforcement 20, the circular pad 21 and the third nut 22, lock the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod that is higher than the raft slab and then cut it off.

[0039] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof construction structure, characterized in that: include: A fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) is installed inside the anchor hole; The bottom waterproof material layer (2) is set in a circular area above the raft foundation layer (10) and around the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1); The first non-curing rubber asphalt layer (3) is set in a circular area above the bottom waterproof material layer (2) and around the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor (1), and the diameter of the first non-curing rubber asphalt layer (3) is larger than the diameter of the bottom waterproof material layer (2). Anchor plate (4) is sleeved on fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) and locked to the first non-cured rubber asphalt layer (3) by the first nut (5) after the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod is tensioned; The steel sleeve (6) is set on the anchor plate (4) and sleeved on the outside of the first nut (5). The inside of the steel sleeve (6) is filled with non-curing rubber asphalt. The steel sleeve (6) and the outside of the anchor plate (4) are integrated with the first non-curing rubber asphalt layer (3) by applying a second non-curing rubber asphalt layer (7). The cement mortar waterproof protective layer (8) has an arc-shaped structure and is set at the misalignment between the anchor plate (4) and the second non-cured rubber asphalt layer (7). The third non-curing rubber asphalt layer (9) is set above the anchor plate (4) and the cement mortar waterproof protective layer (8), and an SBS waterproof additional layer (11) is laid on top of the third non-curing rubber asphalt layer (9).

2. The pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof construction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom waterproof material layer (2) is a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating layer. The bottom waterproof material layer (2) is set in a circular area with a diameter of 500mm around the finely rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) and has a thickness of 1.5mm.

3. The pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof construction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor plate (4) is a square steel plate. The outer diameter of the anchor plate (4) is larger than the outer diameter of the steel sleeve (6). The first nut (5) is set on the top of the anchor plate (4) and is threadedly connected to the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1). A through hole matching the diameter of the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) is opened at the top center of the steel sleeve (6).

4. The pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof construction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) is set in the anchor hole (12). The fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) is covered with a plastic sleeve (13). The space between the plastic sleeve (13) and the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) is filled with grease (14). Cement grouting body (18) is set on the outside of the plastic sleeve (13). Two positioning frames (19) are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower parts of the outside of the plastic sleeve (13).

5. The pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof construction structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) is provided with a conical guide cap (15), and the upper part of the conical guide cap (15) is connected to a metal guide plate (16). The metal guide plate (16) is sleeved on the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) and is fixedly connected to the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) by a second nut (17) provided below the metal guide plate (16).

6. The pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof construction structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal guide plate (16) and the second nut (17) are both coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

7. The pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof construction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the steel sleeve (6) is fitted with a spiral rib (20), and a circular pad (21) is provided on the top of the spiral rib (20). A third nut (22) is provided above the circular pad (21).

8. A method for constructing a pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchor for waterproofing, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Open anchor holes at the designed locations and inject cement grout into the anchor holes (18). S2. Install the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) into the anchor hole; S3. Base layer and waterproofing preparation, including: S31. Treat the raft foundation layer (10). S32. Apply a base waterproofing material layer (2) to the raft foundation (10). The base waterproofing material layer (2) directly covers the root of the anchor bolt to form a permeable waterproofing layer. S33. Apply a first non-curing rubber asphalt layer (3) to the bottom waterproof material layer (2), and the diameter of the first non-curing rubber asphalt layer (3) is larger than the diameter of the bottom waterproof material layer (2). S4. Anchor bolt tensioning and locking: Anchor plate (4) is installed simultaneously with tensioning. When the anchor bolt tensioning reaches the design value, the anchor plate (4) is locked to the first non-cured rubber asphalt layer (3) by the first nut (5). S5. Install a steel sleeve (6) on the anchor plate and fill it with non-curing rubber asphalt, wrap the first nut (5) inside to form a rigid-SEAL composite. The steel sleeve (6) and the anchor plate (4) are integrated with the first non-curing rubber asphalt layer (3) by brushing the second non-curing rubber asphalt layer (7) on the outside. S6. A cement mortar waterproof protective layer (8) is set at the misalignment between the anchor plate (4) and the second non-cured rubber asphalt layer (7). The cement mortar waterproof protective layer (8) is set as an arc-shaped structure. S7. After the cement mortar waterproof protective layer (8) has dried completely, apply the third non-curing rubber asphalt layer (9) evenly over the anchor plate (4) and the cement mortar waterproof protective layer (8), and lay the SBS waterproof additional layer (11) over the third non-curing rubber asphalt layer (9).

9. The waterproof construction method for pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchors as described in claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: S8. Add a layer of SBS waterproofing supplementary layer vertically to the steel sleeve (6) to reinforce the complete closure between the horizontal SBS waterproofing supplementary layer and the waterproofing at the root of the steel sleeve (6); S9. Apply another layer of non-curing rubber asphalt at the intersection of the steel sleeve (6) and the horizontal SBS waterproof additional layer (11). S10. Construct the waterproof layer and protective layer of the base slab to complete the overall structure.

10. The waterproof construction method for pressure-type anti-buoyancy anchors as described in claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: In step S2, the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) is installed in the anchor hole, including: a plastic sleeve (13) is fitted on the lower part of the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1), grease (14) is filled between the plastic sleeve (13) and the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) to form a lubrication layer, and a conical guide cap (15) is set at the lower end. A metal guide plate (16) is connected to the upper part of the conical guide cap (15). The metal guide plate (16) is fitted on the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) and is fixedly connected to the fine-rolled threaded steel bar anchor rod (1) by a second nut (17) set below the metal guide plate (16), so that the metal guide plate (16) and the conical guide cap (15) are fixed in the cement grouting body (18).

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