Ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bed

Abstract

The invention relates to a ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench comprising a ball-cone friction pair composed of a ball base surface roller and a transparent cone disc; a support mechanism; the conical disc driving mechanism is mounted on the supporting mechanism and is used for driving the conical disc; the spherical base surface roller driving mechanism is mounted in the supporting mechanism and is used for driving a spherical base surface roller; the optical measurement module is used for measuring the thickness of a lubricating oil film in a contact area of the ball-cone friction pair; and the contact adjusting mechanism comprises an angle adjusting part, the execution tail end of the angle adjusting part is connected with the spherical base plane roller driving mechanism, and the angle adjusting part is used for adjusting the contact angle between the spherical base plane roller and the conical disc. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the contact adjusting mechanism, the contact angle between the ball and the cone is adjustable, and the defect that the geometrical relationship of a contact pair is fixed in the prior art is overcome, so that the problem of contact lubrication at different angles can be simulated and researched, and the working condition coverage range and the application value of the test bed are expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oil film testing devices, specifically to a ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench. Background Technology

[0002] Lubricating oil film measurement tests play an irreplaceable role in the research and development of elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory. Currently, there are three main types of methods for measuring lubricating oil film: electromagnetic measurement, optical measurement, and acoustic measurement. Among these, optical measurement primarily uses optical interferometry, which includes several different technical approaches, such as white light interferometry, monochromatic light interferometry, and bicolor light interferometry. These optical interferometry methods have been widely applied to measuring the lubricating oil film thickness of point contact friction pairs (elliptical contact friction pairs) and line contact friction pairs, greatly promoting the research and development of elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory for typical mechanical friction pairs. Ball-cone contact pairs are also a common type of friction pair in mechanical equipment; the contact between the roller ball base surface and the raceway flange inside a tapered roller bearing is a typical example of a ball-cone contact pair. However, currently, the contact lubrication problem between the roller ball base surface and the raceway flange is generally simplified to a ball-cylinder contact problem, i.e., a point contact pair (elliptical contact pair), leading to discrepancies in the test results.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese Patent CN108534935B discloses a device for measuring friction, wear, and lubricating oil film under pure sliding conditions in ball-triple-slope contact. This device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, provides accurate measurement data, and exhibits strong repeatability, facilitating quantitative analysis of the tribological characteristics of high-pair contact. However, the contact pair geometry (the tangent angle between the ball and the three inclined planes) of this device is fixed. While this feature ensures measurement stability, it also makes it difficult to simulate ball-cone friction pairs with varying contact angles in mechanical equipment (such as the contact between the roller and the flange in a tapered roller bearing), thus limiting the coverage of measurement conditions.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical problems to be solved The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, adapt to practical needs, and provide a ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] (2) Technical solution To achieve the objectives of this invention, the technical solution adopted is as follows: A ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench includes: a ball-cone friction pair consisting of a ball-based roller and a transparent conical disk; a support mechanism; a conical disk drive mechanism mounted on the support mechanism for driving the conical disk; a ball-based roller drive mechanism mounted inside the support mechanism for driving the ball-based roller; an optical measurement module for measuring the lubricating oil film thickness in the contact area of ​​the ball-cone friction pair; and a contact adjustment mechanism including an angle adjustment section, the execution end of which is connected to the ball-based roller drive mechanism for adjusting the contact angle between the ball-based roller and the conical disk.

[0007] Furthermore, the optical measurement module is based on the principle of optical interference and observes the contact area through a transparent cone disk.

[0008] Furthermore, the optical measurement module is based on the principle of two-color light interference and includes a red laser source for generating two-color light, a green laser source, and a CCD camera for acquiring interference images.

[0009] Furthermore, the angle adjustment part of the contact adjustment mechanism includes a worm gear mechanism, wherein the worm gear component I in the worm gear mechanism is fixedly connected to the mounting base of the ball-based roller drive mechanism to drive it to rotate around a horizontal axis.

[0010] Furthermore, the contact adjustment mechanism also includes a displacement adjustment part, which includes a lead screw and nut mechanism. The displacement adjustment lead screw in the lead screw and nut mechanism drives the lead screw and nut to move the ball base roller drive mechanism fixedly connected to it in an overall translational manner to adjust the contact position.

[0011] Furthermore, the conical disk drive mechanism includes a conical disk spindle, the bottom end of which is detachably connected to the conical disk, the top end of which is connected to the output end of a servo motor, and the conical disk spindle is supported by an air hydrostatic bearing.

[0012] Furthermore, the spherical roller drive mechanism includes a roller spindle, the top of which is detachably connected to the spherical roller via a clamping block, and the roller spindle is supported by an air hydrostatic bearing. A spur gear III is connected to the bottom end of the roller spindle. The spherical roller drive mechanism also includes a first motor and a second motor connected in parallel. The first motor and the second motor jointly drive the spur gear III at the bottom end of the roller spindle to drive the roller spindle to rotate.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a displacement angle adjustment mechanism, which includes a longitudinal displacement angle adjustment mechanism, a lateral displacement angle adjustment mechanism, and an angular displacement angle adjustment mechanism, with the optical measurement module installed at the execution end of the angular displacement angle adjustment mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the longitudinal displacement angle adjustment mechanism is a first screw mechanism, the upper end of which has three inclined surfaces, and also includes a lifting block. The lower end of the lifting block has three inclined surfaces that fit against the inclined surfaces at the upper end of the nut top block. The longitudinal adjustment screw drives the nut top block to move, so that the inclined surfaces of the nut top block push the lifting block to move longitudinally. The lateral displacement angle adjustment mechanism is a second screw mechanism, the lateral adjustment screw drives the nut push block to move, thereby driving the lateral movement block to move laterally. The angular displacement angle adjustment mechanism is a worm gear mechanism, which includes a rocker arm fixedly connected to the worm gear shaft. The worm gear drives the worm gear to rotate, thereby driving the rocker arm to rotate. The optical measurement module is fixedly connected to the rocker arm.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a loading mechanism for applying a load to the friction pair, and a lubrication mechanism for delivering lubricating oil to the contact area.

[0016] (3) Beneficial effects: In this invention, a ball-cone friction pair consisting of a spherical base roller and a transparent conical disk is set up to directly simulate the actual contact form in mechanical equipment; the transparent conical disk provides the necessary observation path for optical measurement; the independent conical disk and roller drive mechanism realizes the simulation of complex relative motion; the optical measurement module realizes the direct and quantitative acquisition of oil film thickness; the setting of the contact adjustment mechanism makes the contact angle between the ball and the cone adjustable, overcoming the defect of fixed contact pair geometry in the prior art, thereby enabling the simulation and study of contact lubrication problems at different angles, and expanding the working condition coverage and application value of the test bench.

[0017] In this invention, an optical measurement module based on the principle of dual-color light interference is set up to achieve non-contact, high-resolution online measurement of nanoscale oil film thickness through a transparent conical disk. By setting up a drive mechanism based on air hydrostatic bearings and parallel dual-motor drive, ultra-high motion accuracy and dynamic stability of the friction pair under high speed and high load are ensured. By setting up a multi-degree-of-freedom displacement angle adjustment mechanism, the optical system is guaranteed to be quickly and accurately aligned with the micron-level contact area. Thus, it is ensured that repeatable, accurate and reliable oil film thickness and tribological data can still be obtained under a wide range of adjustable working conditions.

[0018] In this invention, by setting up loading and lubrication mechanisms, the load and lubrication conditions are controllable and measurable. Combined with an independent dual-drive system, it can complete the entire experimental process of "contact attitude setting - loading of working parameters - implementation of lubrication status - optical signal acquisition - data processing" on a single device. This provides an unprecedented standardized and integrated research tool for systematically studying the elastohydrodynamic lubrication film formation mechanism, friction and wear characteristics of ball-cone contact, and their intrinsic relationship with parameters such as angle, velocity, and load. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a half-sectional view of the support mechanism of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a half-sectional view of the cone disk driving mechanism and loading mechanism of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the spherical roller drive mechanism of the present invention. Figure 5 This is one of the cross-sectional structural schematic diagrams of the mounting base of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a second cross-sectional view of the mounting base of the present invention; Figure 7 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the contact adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the contact adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the optical measurement module of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the displacement angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the longitudinal displacement angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention. Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the lateral displacement angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the angular displacement adjustment mechanism of the present invention. Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the worm gear of the present invention.

[0020] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Support mechanism; 2. Conical disc drive mechanism; 3. Loading mechanism; 4. Spherical roller drive mechanism; 5. Contact adjustment mechanism; 6. Optical measurement module; 7. Displacement angle adjustment mechanism; 8. Lubrication mechanism; 9. Conical disc; 10. Spherical roller; 101. Support plate I; 102. Vertical plate I; 103. Vertical plate II; 104. Support plate II; 105. Column I; 106. Column II; 107. Column III; 108. Column IV; 109. Base; 110. Base; 201. Servo motor; 202. Flexible coupling; 203. Conical disc spindle; 204. Positioning block; 205. Gasket I; 207. Gasket II; 208. Locking bolt; 209. Throttler I; 210. Retaining ring I; 301. Support; 302. Spun nut; 303. Loading spring; 304. Pressure sensor; 305. Thrust bearing housing; 306. Thrust ball bearing I; 402. Clamping block; 403. Locking nut; 404. Roller spindle; 405. Throttling device II; 406. Retaining ring II; 407. Thrust ball bearing II; 408. Parallel motor I; 409. Parallel motor II; 410. Spur gear I; 411. Spur gear II; 412. Spur gear III; 413. Shaft end baffle I; 414. Shaft end baffle II; 415. Shaft end baffle III; 416. Mounting base; 501. Displacement adjusting screw; 502. Screw bearing housing I; 503. Screw bearing housing II; 504. Displacement knob; 505. Screw nut; 506. Base plate; 507. 508. Slider I; 509. Slider II; 510. Guide Rail I; 511. Guide Rail II; 512. Displacement Sensor; 513. Worm Bearing Seat I; 514. Worm Bearing Seat II; 515. Angle Adjustment Worm; 516. Angle Knob; 517. Worm Gear Structure I; 518. Worm Gear Bearing Seat I; 519. Worm Gear Bearing Seat II; 601. Angle Sensor; 602. Red Laser Light Source; 603. Green Laser Light Source; 604. Light Source Support; 605. Plano-Concave Lens; 606. Reflector; 607. Lens Support; 608. Dual Bandpass Filter; 609. Beam Splitter; 610. Lens Barrel; 611. Biconvex Lens I; 612. Lens Support; 613. Plano-Concave Lens; 614. Locking Mechanism 615. Screw sleeve; 616. Support cylinder; 617. Focusing cylinder; 618. Biconvex lens II; 619. Guide cylinder; 620. Fixing cylinder; 621. CCD camera; 701. Housing; 702. U-shaped bracket I; 703. Side plate I; 704. Side plate II; 705. Longitudinal adjusting screw; 706. Lifting knob; 707. Nut top block; 708. Lifting block; 709. U-shaped bracket II; 710. Side plate III; 711. Side plate IV; 712. Lateral adjusting screw; 713. Lateral movement knob; 714. Nut push block; 715. Lateral movement block; 716. Side plate V; 717. Side plate VI; 718. Worm gear; 719. Elevation knob; 720. Front plate; 721. Rear plate; 722. Worm gear shaft; 723. Worm gear;723. Rocker arm; 724. Front cover; 725. Rear cover; 726. Skin; 801. Fuel injector; 802. Interface; 803. Slider III; 804. Guide rail III; 805. Locking knob; 806. Crossbeam. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-14 The present invention is further illustrated by the embodiments: like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench, which includes a ball-cone friction pair composed of a conical disc 9 and a ball base roller 10, a support mechanism 1, a conical disc drive mechanism 2, a loading mechanism 3, a ball base roller drive mechanism 4, a contact adjustment mechanism 5, an optical measurement module 6, a displacement angle adjustment mechanism 7, and a lubrication mechanism 8 mounted on the support mechanism 1.

[0022] The conical disk 9 is made of transparent optical material, with both its upper and lower surfaces being conical surfaces, and the cone angles of the upper and lower conical surfaces being the same. The spherical roller 10 is a cylindrical roller with one end being a spherical surface (spherical base surface) and the other end being a flat surface. The conical disk drive mechanism 2 is used to install and support the conical disk 9 and drive the conical disk 9 to rotate. The loading mechanism 3 is used to provide contact force to the ball-cone friction pair. The spherical roller drive mechanism 4 is used to install and support the spherical roller 10 and drive the spherical roller 10 to rotate. A contact adjustment mechanism is also included. Mechanism 5 is used to adjust the contact position and angle between the conical disc 9 and the spherical roller 10; optical measurement module 6 is used to acquire oil film optical interference images of the contact area between the conical disc 9 and the spherical roller 10; displacement angle adjustment mechanism 7 has multi-degree-of-freedom fine adjustment function, used to adjust the position of optical measurement module 6 relative to the ball-cone friction pair, so as to achieve precise alignment between it and the contact area between the conical disc 9 and the spherical roller 10; lubrication mechanism 8 is used to deliver lubricating oil to the contact area between the conical disc 9 and the spherical roller 10.

[0023] The following combination Figures 2-6 The structural form, positional relationship and assembly relationship of the above parts are described in detail.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the support mechanism 1 includes a lower frame for mounting the loading mechanism 3, the ball-based roller drive mechanism 4, the contact adjustment mechanism 5, the optical measurement module 6, the displacement angle adjustment mechanism 7, and the lubrication mechanism 8, and an upper frame for mounting the conical disc drive mechanism 2.

[0025] The lower frame includes a support plate II 104 and a base 110 located directly below the support plate II 104. Columns I 105, II 106, III 107, and IV 108 are fixedly connected between the two. The support plate II 104 is fixed to the columns I 105, II 106, III 107, and IV 108 with bolts. The base 110 is fixed to the columns I 105, II 106, III 107, and IV 108 with bolts. A base 109 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 110 with bolts.

[0026] The upper frame includes upright plates I102 and II103, which are respectively fixed to the support plate II104 by bolts. The upright plates I102 and II103 are fixedly connected to the same support plate I101.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the cone disk drive mechanism 2 includes: The tapered disc spindle 203 can be detachably mounted on the tapered disc 9 at the bottom; The servo motor 201, which is connected to the cone disc spindle 203, is used to output speed and torque, and is fixed to the support plate I101 in the support mechanism 1 by bolts. The flexible coupling 202 is used to connect the servo motor 201 and the conical disc spindle 203, and to transmit the speed and torque output by the servo motor 201 to the conical disc spindle 203. The positioning block 204 is fixed to the flange of the conical disc spindle 203 by bolts, and the coaxiality between the axis of the conical disc spindle 203 and the axis of the positioning block 204 is ensured by using a conical surface positioning method. The conical disc 9 is connected to the bottom end of the conical disc spindle 203 through the positioning block 204. Locking bolt 208 is used to connect the cone disc 9 and the positioning block 204; The liner I205 is made of rigid plastic and is connected in series between the positioning block 204 and the cone disk 9 to provide a cushioning effect; Gasket II 207, made of rigid plastic, is connected in series between cone disc 9 and locking bolt 208 to provide a buffering effect; The locking bolt 208 fixes the gasket I 205, the conical disc 9, and the gasket II 207 to the positioning block 204; the locking bolt 208 passes through the through hole between the gasket II 207, the conical disc 9, and the gasket I 205 in sequence, and is fixed to the positioning block 204 by thread. It also includes a throttle I 209, which together with the cone disc main shaft 203 and the support plate II 104 in the support mechanism 1 constitutes an air static pressure bearing; Among them, the conical disc spindle 203 and the throttle I 209 are fixed with a clearance fit; the throttle I 209 and the support plate II 104 are fixed with an interference fit; after external compressed air is introduced through the channel on the support plate II 104, the compressed air will enter the gap between the conical disc spindle 203 and the throttle I 209 through the throttle I 209, at which time a lubricating air film with a certain load-bearing capacity and rigidity will be formed in the gap, and the conical disc spindle 203 will be supported and lubricated by the air film. It also includes a retaining ring I210, which is fixed to the support plate II104 in the support mechanism 1 by bolts. It is used for axial positioning of the throttle I209 and restricts the axial movement of the throttle I209.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the loading mechanism 3 includes: Support 301 is fixed to support plate II 104 in support mechanism 1 by bolts, and at the same time restricts the axial movement of throttle I 209 in cone disk drive mechanism 2; The screw nut 302, which has a loading spring 303 inside, is threadedly connected and fixed to the support 301. By controlling the screw depth of the screw nut 302 in the support 301, the loading spring 303 can be tightened and loosened. Pressure sensor 304 is a ring-shaped hollow pressure sensor used to monitor the elastic force of loading spring 303 and is in direct contact with loading spring 303; The thrust bearing housing 305 is fixedly connected to the inside of the support 301. It has a countersunk platform on the top for mounting the pressure sensor 304 and a countersunk hole on the bottom. The thrust ball bearing I306 has its housing ring and the countersunk hole under the thrust bearing housing 305 fixed by an interference fit, and its shaft ring and the tapered disc main shaft 203 are fixed by an interference fit. The shoulder on the tapered disc main shaft 203 is used for axial positioning of the shaft ring of the thrust ball bearing I306. The thrust ball bearing I306 is used to provide rotational support between the tapered disc main shaft 203 in the loading mechanism 3 and the tapered disc drive mechanism 2.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the spherical roller drive mechanism 4 includes: Mounting base 416, roller spindle 404, and throttle II 405 together constitute an air hydrostatic bearing; roller spindle 404 and throttle II 405 are fixed with clearance fit; throttle II 405 and mounting base 416 are fixed with interference fit; after external compressed air is introduced through the channel on mounting base 416, the compressed air will enter the gap between roller spindle 404 and throttle II 405 through throttle II 405, at which time a lubricating air film with a certain load-bearing capacity and rigidity will be formed in the gap, relying on this air film to support and lubricate roller spindle 404; The retaining ring II406 is fixed to the mounting base 416 by bolts and is used for axial positioning of the throttle II405 to limit the axial movement of the throttle II405. The thrust ball bearing II 407 has its shaft ring and roller spindle 404 fixed with an interference fit, and its seat ring and mounting base 416 fixed with an interference fit. It is used to provide rotational support between the roller spindle 404 and the mounting base 416 and to limit the axial movement of the roller spindle 404. The clamping block 402 is fixed to the flange of the roller spindle 404 by bolts, and the coaxiality between the axis of the conical disc clamping block 402 and the axis of the roller spindle 404 is ensured by using conical surface positioning. The locking nut 403 is threadedly connected and fixed to the clamping block 402; The clamping block 402 has several jaws on one side and a flange and a tapered positioning surface on the other side. By controlling the screwing depth of the locking nut 403 on the clamping block 402, the degree of convergence of each jaw on the clamping block 402 can be controlled, thereby achieving the clamping or loosening of the ball base roller 10, which is used for installing and removing the ball base roller 10. The spur gear Ⅲ412 is connected to the roller spindle 404 by a key. The output shaft of the roller spindle 404 is fixed with a shaft end baffle Ⅲ415 by bolts for axial positioning of the spur gear Ⅲ412. Parallel motor I408 and spur gear I410 are connected. Parallel motor I408 is a servo motor and is fixed to mounting base 416 by bolts. Its output shaft is connected to spur gear I410 by a key. The output speed and torque of parallel motor I408 are transmitted to roller spindle 404 via spur gear I410 and spur gear III412. The output shaft of parallel motor I408 is fixed with shaft end baffle I413 by bolts for axial positioning of spur gear I410. Parallel motor II 409 and spur gear II 411 are connected. Parallel motor II 409 is a servo motor and is fixed to mounting base 416 by bolts. Its output shaft and spur gear II 411 are connected by a key. The output speed and torque of parallel motor II 409 are transmitted to roller spindle 404 via spur gear II 411 and spur gear III 412. The output shaft of parallel motor II 409 is fixed with shaft end baffle II 414 by bolts for axial positioning of spur gear II 411.

[0030] In this embodiment, compressed air introduced from the outside flows in two directions through the gap between the roller spindle 404 and the throttle II 405: one is along the surface of the roller spindle 404 towards the clamping block 402, and the other is along the surface of the roller spindle 404 towards the spur gear III 412; the compressed air flowing towards the clamping block 402 is discharged through the gap between the roller spindle 404 and the retaining ring II 406; while the compressed air flowing towards the spur gear III 412 is diverted and used to cool the parallel motor I 408 and the parallel motor II 409; by connecting the parallel motor I 408 and the parallel motor II 409... Machine II 409 is symmetrically nested within mounting base 416. It is sealed at the bottom of mounting base 416 using worm gear structure component I 516. A gap is designed between parallel motor I 408, parallel motor II 409 and mounting base 416. Two air holes are designed on the top of mounting base 416 to guide compressed air flowing towards spur gear III 412 to parallel motor I 408 and parallel motor II 409. After cooling parallel motor I 408 and parallel motor II 409 is completed, the compressed air flowing towards spur gear III 412 will be discharged from the two air holes on the top of mounting base 416.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, the contact adjustment mechanism 5 includes a displacement adjustment section and an angle adjustment section, wherein: The displacement adjustment unit includes a lead screw and nut mechanism, specifically: Guide rail I 509 and guide rail II 510 are disposed between lead screw bearing seat I 502 and lead screw bearing seat II 503 and fixedly connected to the top of base 110. Slider I 507 and slider II 508 are slidably connected to their surfaces respectively. The same base plate 506 is fixedly connected to slider I 507 and slider II 508 by bolts. The ball base roller drive mechanism 4 is disposed on the base plate 506. The displacement adjusting lead screw 501 and lead screw bearing seats I 502 and II 503, which provide rotational support for the displacement adjusting lead screw 501, are respectively fixed to the base 110 in the support mechanism 1 by bolts. The lead screw bearing seat I 502 is nested in the base 109 in the support mechanism 1. The displacement adjusting lead screw 501 is threaded with a lead screw nut 505, which is fixed to the base plate 506 by bolts. The displacement knob 504 is connected to a square inner hole at one end of the displacement adjusting screw 501. The displacement sensor 511 is a pull rod type displacement sensor, whose housing is nested in the base 109 and fixed to the base 109 by bolts; The adjustment process of the displacement adjustment unit is as follows: by rotating the displacement knob 504, the displacement adjustment screw 501 is rotated. The rotation of the displacement adjustment screw 501 causes the screw nut 505 to move along the axis of the displacement adjustment screw 501. The movement of the screw nut 505 will drive the base plate 506 to move. The movement of the base plate 506 will drive the slider I 507 and slider II 508 to slide on the guide rail I 509 and guide rail II 510 respectively. The movement of the base plate 506 will also drive the worm bearing seat I 512 and worm bearing seat II 513 to move. This can change the displacement of the ball base roller drive mechanism 4, as well as the contact position between the ball base surface of the ball base roller 10 and the conical disk 9. The specific displacement magnitude can be measured by the displacement sensor 511.

[0032] The angle adjustment section includes a worm gear mechanism, specifically: Worm gear bearing housing I 517 and worm gear bearing housing II 518 are respectively fixed to the base plate 506 by bolts, and the spherical roller drive mechanism 4 is set on the base plate 506 through the two; Specifically, the ball-based roller drive mechanism 4 is located between the worm gear bearing housing I 517 and the worm gear bearing housing II 518, and the worm gear bearing housing I 517 and the worm gear bearing housing II 518 are rotatably connected to the protruding shafts on both sides of the mounting base 416, respectively. The angle adjusting worm 514 and the worm bearing housing I 512 and worm bearing housing II 513 that provide rotational support for the angle adjusting worm 514 are provided. The worm bearing housing I 512 and worm bearing housing II 513 are respectively fixed to the base plate 506 by bolts, and the pull rod of the displacement sensor 511 is connected to the worm bearing housing I 512 and fixed to the worm bearing housing I 512 by bolts. Worm gear structure component I516 is installed at the bottom of mounting base 416 and fixed to mounting base 416 by bolts; Angle knob 515 is connected to a square inner hole at one end of angle adjusting worm gear 514; An angle sensor 519 is mounted on a mounting base 416 and fixed to the mounting base 416 by bolts; The adjustment process of the angle adjustment unit is as follows: by rotating the angle knob 515, the angle adjustment worm 514 is rotated. The rotation of the angle adjustment worm 514 will drive the mounting base 416 to rotate on the worm gear bearing seat I 517 and the worm gear bearing seat II 518. This can change the tilt angle of the ball base roller drive mechanism 4, as well as the contact position between the ball base surface of the ball base roller 10 and the cone disk 9. The specific tilt angle can be measured by the angle sensor 519.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, the optical measurement module 6 is used to measure the oil film thickness in the contact area between the roller ball base surface and the conical disk based on the principle of two-color light interference. It includes: Casing 621; The light source bracket 603 is disposed inside the housing 621; Red laser light source 601 and green laser light source 602 are fixedly mounted on light source bracket 603. Red laser light source 601 is used to provide red light of a specific wavelength, and green laser light source 602 is used to provide green light of a specific wavelength. The lens holder 606 is fixedly connected inside the housing 621, and its top is fixedly connected to the light source holder 603; A plano-concave lens 604 is fixedly installed on the top of the lens holder 606 and is used to combine the red light emitted by the red laser source 601 and the green light emitted by the green laser source 602 into a single beam of light. The reflector 605 is fixedly installed inside the lens holder 606. The reflector 605 is used to change the propagation direction of the combined light. The optical receiver 608 is fixed to the lens holder 606 and the housing 621 by an interference fit. A dual bandpass filter 607 is fixedly installed inside the optical tube 608. The dual bandpass filter 607 is used to filter the red and green light after beam combining. The beam splitter 609 is fixedly installed inside the housing 621 and is used to reflect the combined beam and change the propagation direction of the combined beam. It is also used to transmit reflected light from the ball-cone contact direction. The lens barrel 610 is threadedly connected and fixed to the outer casing 621; A biconvex lens I 611 is mounted on the top of the lens barrel 610 and is used to refract the composite light reflected by the beam splitter 609; A plano-convex lens 613 is mounted at the bottom of the lens barrel 610 and is used to refract the synthesized light refracted by the biconvex lens I 611, while simultaneously magnifying the sphere-cone contact experimental area. The locking nut 614 is threadedly connected and fixed to the lens barrel 610, and is used to fix the biconvex lens I 611 and the plano lens 613. Lens bracket 612 is disposed between biconvex lens I 611 and plano lens 613 and is used to support biconvex lens I 611 and plano lens 613. The support cylinder 615 is fixed to the outer casing 621 by bolts; The focusing cylinder 616 is threadedly connected and fixed to the support cylinder 615; The guide cylinder 618 is threadedly connected and fixed to the focusing cylinder 616; The biconvex lens II 617 is fixedly installed inside the guide tube 618; The fixed cylinder 619 is fixedly connected to the top of the focusing cylinder 616 by bolts, and plays a guiding role in the up and down movement of the guide cylinder 618. CCD camera 620, mounted on top of fixed cylinder 619, is used to acquire oil film optical interference images of the contact area between spherical roller 10 and conical disk 9; Among them, the biconvex lens II 617 is used to refract the composite light transmitted by the beam splitter 609 and the reflected light in the spherical-cone contact direction transmitted by the beam splitter 609, and at the same time focus the refracted beam onto the CCD camera 620.

[0034] like Figure 7 As shown, the displacement angle adjustment mechanism 7 includes a longitudinal displacement angle adjustment mechanism, a lateral displacement angle adjustment mechanism, and an angular displacement angle adjustment mechanism, wherein: The longitudinal displacement angle adjustment mechanism is a first lead screw mechanism, including: The U-shaped bracket I 701 and the longitudinal adjusting screw 704 disposed inside the U-shaped bracket I 701 are fixed together with the base 109 in the support mechanism 1 by bolts. The outer wall of the U-shaped bracket I 701 is fixedly connected with side plate I 702 and side plate II 703 by bolts. The side plate I 702 is provided with a through hole and the side plate II 703 is provided with a blind hole. The through hole on the side plate I 702 and the blind hole on the side plate II 703 are used to install and support the longitudinal adjusting screw 704 and are fixed with the longitudinal adjusting screw 704 with clearance fit. The nut top block 706 is threaded to the surface of the supporting longitudinal adjusting screw 704, and its upper end has three inclined surfaces; The lifting block 707 is set on the upper side of the U-shaped bracket I 701 and slidably connected to it. Its lower end is provided with three inclined surfaces that fit with the inclined surfaces set on the upper end of the nut top block 706. The lifting knob 705 is connected to a square inner hole at one end of the longitudinal adjusting screw 704. Rotating the lifting knob 705 causes the longitudinal adjusting screw 704 to rotate. The rotation of the longitudinal adjusting screw 704 causes the nut top block 706 to move along the axis of the longitudinal adjusting screw 704. The movement of the nut top block 706 causes the lifting block 707 to move up and down. During this process, the frame composed of U-shaped bracket I 701, side plate I 702 and side plate II 703 guides the longitudinal movement of the lifting block 707. The lateral displacement angle adjustment mechanism is a second lead screw mechanism, including: U-shaped bracket II 708 and a transverse adjusting screw 711 disposed inside U-shaped bracket II 708. The top of U-shaped bracket II 708 is fixedly connected to the lifting block 707. Side plate III 709 and side plate IV 710 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of U-shaped bracket II 708 by bolts. Side plate III 709 is provided with a through hole and side plate IV 710 is provided with a blind hole. The through hole on side plate III 709 and the blind hole on side plate IV 710 are used to install and support the transverse adjusting screw 711 and are fixed with clearance fit to the transverse adjusting screw 711. Nut pusher 713 is threadedly connected to the surface of transverse adjusting screw 711; The transverse block 714 is set on the top of the U-shaped bracket II 708 and is fixed to the nut push block 713 by bolts; Among them, the U-shaped bracket II 708 has a dovetail groove and the transverse block 714 has a dovetail tenon. The dovetail groove on the U-shaped bracket II 708 is used to install the dovetail tenon on the transverse block 714 and plays a guiding role in the transverse movement of the transverse block 714. The horizontal movement knob 712 is connected to a square inner hole at one end of the horizontal adjustment screw 711. Rotating the horizontal movement knob 712 causes the horizontal adjustment screw 711 to rotate. The rotation of the horizontal adjustment screw 711 causes the nut push block 713 to move along the axis of the horizontal adjustment screw 711. The movement of the nut push block 713 causes the horizontal movement block 714 to move laterally.

[0035] The angular displacement adjustment mechanism is a worm gear mechanism, including: The frame is composed of a front plate 719, a rear plate 720, a side plate V 715, and a side plate VI 716. The side plate V 715 is fixed to the front plate 719 and the rear plate 720 by bolts, and the side plate VI 716 is fixed to the front plate 719 and the rear plate 720 by bolts. The front plate 719 and the rear plate 720 are respectively fixed to the transverse moving block 714 by bolts. A worm gear 717 and a worm wheel 722 are provided inside the frame, and the two work together to transmit power. The side plate V715 has a through hole, and the side plate VI716 has a blind hole. The through hole on the side plate V715 and the blind hole on the side plate VI716 are used to install and support the worm 717, and are fixed with the worm 717 with clearance fit. The front plate 719 and the rear plate 720 each have a through hole. The two through holes are used to install and support the worm gear shaft 721, and are fixed with the worm gear shaft 721 with clearance fit. The worm gear 722 is fixed to the worm gear shaft 721 by a key connection. The rocker arm 723 is bolted to the worm gear shaft 721 and to the housing 621 in the optical measurement module 6.

[0036] The elevation knob 718 is connected to a square inner hole at one end of the worm gear 717; It also includes a front panel 724, which is fixed to the front panel 719 by bolts; The rear panel 725 is fixed to the rear panel 720 by bolts; Skin 726 is fixed to the front skin 724 and the rear skin 725 by bolts.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the lubrication mechanism 8 includes: The crossbeam 806 is fixed at both ends to the columns Ⅲ107 and Ⅳ108 by bolts; Guide rail Ⅲ804 is fixed to crossbeam 806 by bolts; Slider Ⅲ803 is slidably connected to guide rail Ⅲ804; The oil injector 801 is threadedly connected and fixed to the slider Ⅲ 803, and is used to guide the lubricating oil to the contact point between the conical disk 9 and the ball base roller 10; Interface 802 is threadedly connected and fixed to the fuel injector 801, and is used to connect to an external fuel delivery device; The locking knob 805 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole on the outer wall of the slider Ⅲ803, and its end abuts against the guide rail Ⅲ804 to lock the slider Ⅲ803 and prevent the slider Ⅲ803 from moving along the guide rail Ⅲ804.

[0038] Working principle: When the ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench is used, firstly, the conical disc 9 is installed on the conical disc spindle 203 of the conical disc drive mechanism 2 and fixed by the positioning block 204 and locking bolt 208. At the same time, the ball base roller 10 is installed on the clamping block 402 of the ball base roller drive mechanism 4 and clamped by the locking nut 403. Next, the lubrication mechanism 8 is started, and lubricating oil is supplied to the contact area of ​​the conical disc 9 and the ball base roller 10 through the oil nozzle 801. Then, the servo motor 201 of the conical disc drive mechanism 2 is started to drive the conical disc 9 to rotate, and the parallel motor I 408 and parallel motor II 409 of the ball base roller drive mechanism 4 are started to drive the ball base roller 10 to rotate. Afterward, the loading spring 303 is compressed by the screw nut 302 of the loading mechanism 3 to apply the set contact load to the ball-cone friction pair, and the pressure is sensed by the pressure sensor. The device 304 monitors the load magnitude; subsequently, the optical measurement module 6 is finely adjusted in multiple degrees of freedom using the longitudinal adjustment screw 704 (operated by the lifting knob 705), the lateral adjustment screw 711 (operated by the horizontal movement knob 712), and the worm gear 717 (operated by the elevation knob 718) of the displacement angle adjustment mechanism 7 to ensure precise alignment with the contact area; simultaneously, the contact position of the spherical roller 10 can be changed by the displacement adjustment screw 501 (operated by the displacement knob 504) of the contact adjustment mechanism 5, and its tilt angle can be changed by the angle adjustment worm gear 514 (operated by the angle knob 515); finally, the red laser light source 601 and the green laser light source 602 of the optical measurement module 6 are turned on, and the oil film interference image of the contact area is acquired by the CCD camera 620, and the oil film thickness data is obtained by analysis based on the principle of two-color light interference.

[0039] The embodiments disclosed herein are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can readily grasp the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test bench for measuring the oil film thickness of a ball-cone friction pair, characterized in that, include: The ball-cone friction pair consists of a ball-based roller (10) and a transparent conical disk (9); Supporting structure (1); The cone drive mechanism (2) is mounted on the support mechanism (1) and is used to drive the cone (9). A ball-based roller drive mechanism (4) is installed inside the support mechanism (1) and is used to drive the ball-based roller (10). The optical measurement module (6) is used to measure the thickness of the lubricating oil film in the contact area of ​​the ball-cone friction pair; In addition, there is a contact adjustment mechanism (5), which includes an angle adjustment section, the execution end of which is connected to a ball-based roller drive mechanism (4) for adjusting the contact angle between the ball-based roller (10) and the cone disc (9).

2. The ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The optical measurement module (6) is based on the principle of optical interference and observes the contact area through a transparent cone disk (9).

3. The ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The optical measurement module (6) is based on the principle of two-color light interference and includes a red laser source (601) for generating two-color light, a green laser source (602) and a CCD camera (620) for acquiring interference images.

4. The ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The angle adjustment part of the contact adjustment mechanism (5) includes a worm gear mechanism. The worm gear structure I (516) in the worm gear mechanism is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (416) of the ball base roller drive mechanism (4) to drive it to rotate around a horizontal axis.

5. The ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The contact adjustment mechanism (5) further includes a displacement adjustment part, which includes a lead screw and nut mechanism. The displacement adjustment lead screw (501) in the lead screw and nut mechanism drives the lead screw nut (505) to drive the ball base roller drive mechanism (4) fixedly connected to it to move as a whole and adjust the contact position.

6. The ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The cone disk drive mechanism (2) includes a cone disk spindle (203), the bottom end of which is detachably connected to the cone disk (9), the top end of which is connected to the output end of the servo motor (201), and the cone disk spindle (203) is supported by an air static pressure bearing.

7. The ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The ball-based roller drive mechanism (4) includes a roller spindle (404). The top of the roller spindle (404) is detachably connected to the ball-based roller (10) via a clamping block (402). The roller spindle (404) is supported by an air hydrostatic bearing. A spur gear III (412) is connected to the bottom end of the roller spindle (404). The ball-based roller drive mechanism (4) also includes a first motor (408) and a second motor (409) connected in parallel. The first motor (408) and the second motor (409) drive the spur gear III (412) at the bottom end of the roller spindle (404) together via gears to drive the roller spindle (404) to rotate.

8. The ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench as described in claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a displacement angle adjustment mechanism (7), which includes a longitudinal displacement angle adjustment mechanism, a transverse displacement angle adjustment mechanism and an angular displacement angle adjustment mechanism. The optical measurement module (6) is installed at the execution end of the angular displacement angle adjustment mechanism.

9. The ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The longitudinal displacement angle adjustment mechanism is a first screw mechanism, the upper end of the nut top block (706) has three inclined surfaces, and it also includes a lifting block (707). The lower end of the lifting block (707) is provided with three inclined surfaces that fit with the inclined surfaces provided at the upper end of the nut top block (706). The longitudinal adjustment screw (704) of the first screw mechanism drives the nut top block (706) to move, so that the inclined surfaces of the nut top block (706) push the lifting block (707) to move longitudinally. The lateral displacement angle adjustment mechanism is a second screw mechanism, whose lateral adjustment screw (711) drives the nut push block (713) to move, so as to drive the lateral block (714) to move laterally; The angular displacement adjustment mechanism is a worm gear mechanism, which includes a rocker arm (723) fixedly connected to the worm gear shaft (721). The worm gear (717) drives the worm wheel (722) to rotate, thereby driving the rocker arm (723) to rotate. The optical measurement module (6) is fixedly connected to the rocker arm (723).

10. The ball-cone friction pair oil film thickness measurement test bench as described in claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a loading mechanism (3) for applying a load to the friction pair, and a lubrication mechanism (8) for delivering lubricating oil to the contact area.

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