Thermal management simulation method, computer equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal management, in particular to a thermal management simulation method, computer equipment, a storage medium and a program product. The thermal management simulation method comprises the following steps: constructing a runner model of a thermal management module; creating a multiphase medium with interaction; performing confluence simulation of a thermal management process on a multiphase medium flowing in the runner model, and dynamically adjusting simulation parameters by adapting to the state of a medium interface in the confluence simulation process; and obtaining a confluence simulation result representing the exhaust performance of the flow channel model. By adopting the method, the simulation precision and the simulation calculation amount can be balanced, so that the thermal management reliability can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of thermal management technology, and in particular to a thermal management simulation method, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product. Background Technology

[0002] In thermal management simulation, there is usually a strong correlation between the compositional characteristics of multiphase media, the dynamic changes at the media interfaces, and the simulation parameters. Traditional simulation methods often employ fixed simulation parameters, which can easily lead to a failure to match the dynamic changes at the media interfaces, resulting in insufficient simulation accuracy and difficulty in accurately capturing the flow patterns and exhaust performance of multiphase media during thermal management. Alternatively, pursuing higher accuracy by increasing parameter complexity can lead to a surge in computational load and low efficiency, and may still result in unsatisfactory simulation accuracy, making it difficult to reliably analyze media changes during thermal management. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a thermal management simulation method, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product to address the above-mentioned technical problems. This method can help balance simulation accuracy and computational load, thereby improving the reliability of thermal management.

[0004] On the one hand, a thermal management simulation method is provided, which includes: constructing a flow channel model of a thermal management module; creating a multiphase medium with interactions; performing a flow simulation of the thermal management process of the multiphase medium flowing in the flow channel model, dynamically adjusting the simulation parameters according to the state of the medium interface during the flow simulation; and obtaining the flow simulation results characterizing the exhaust performance of the flow channel model.

[0005] In a further technical solution of this application, the dynamic adjustment of simulation parameters to adapt to the state of the medium interface during the flow simulation includes: identifying the medium interface in response to simulation parameters including mesh size; controlling the mesh size of the first region within the flow channel model to be smaller than the mesh size of the second region, wherein the first region is closer to the medium interface than the second region; and / or, resolving the target time step of the medium flowing from its own sub-region to the adjacent sub-region, adapting to the flow velocity state of the medium interface in response to simulation parameters including simulation time step; wherein the flow channel model includes multiple sub-regions; obtaining a time step threshold; and using the larger of the target time step and the time step threshold as the simulation time step.

[0006] In a further technical solution of this application, controlling the mesh size of the first region within the flow channel model to be smaller than the mesh size of the second region includes: identifying a target sub-region within the flow channel model that contains a medium interface; reducing or maintaining the mesh size of the target sub-region; and / or increasing or maintaining the mesh size of other sub-regions.

[0007] In a further technical solution of this application, reducing or maintaining the grid size of a target sub-region; and / or increasing or maintaining the grid size of other sub-regions includes: assigning a first identifier to the target sub-region, identifying whether the grid size of the sub-region carrying the first identifier has decreased to a size threshold; in response to not decreasing to the size threshold, reducing the grid size of the sub-region carrying the first identifier; otherwise, maintaining the grid size of the sub-region carrying the first identifier; and / or assigning a second identifier to other sub-regions, identifying whether the grid size of the sub-region carrying the second identifier has reached an initial size; in response to not reaching the initial size, increasing the grid size of the sub-region carrying the second identifier; otherwise, maintaining the grid size of the sub-region carrying the second identifier.

[0008] In a further technical solution of this application, the multiphase medium includes a gaseous medium; identifying a target sub-region containing a medium interface within the flow channel model includes: in response to the medium interface including the current interface, obtaining the medium volume ratio within the sub-regions divided within the flow channel model; wherein, the medium volume ratio is the ratio between the volume of the gaseous medium and the volume of the multiphase medium; in response to the medium volume ratio within the current sub-region matching a preset interface ratio, determining that the current sub-region contains the current interface, and taking it as the target sub-region; and / or, in response to the medium interface including a predicted interface, obtaining the current interface and the simulation time step; predicting the predicted displacement of the current interface within the simulation time step; superimposing the position of the current interface and the predicted displacement to obtain the predicted position of the predicted interface, and taking the sub-region of the predicted position as the target sub-region.

[0009] In a further technical solution of this application, the flow channel model includes an inlet side and an outlet side; the confluence simulation results characterizing the exhaust performance of the flow channel model include: obtaining the gas phase mass flow rate at the outlet side as a first factor; obtaining the gas phase mass flow rate at the inlet side as a second factor; using the ratio of the first factor to the second factor as an exhaust index; and using at least one of the first factor, the exhaust index, and the change curve of the exhaust index as the confluence simulation result.

[0010] In a further technical solution of this application, the flow channel model for constructing the thermal management module includes: creating a gas phase inlet and a liquid phase inlet fitted onto the gas phase inlet of the flow channel model; creating a medium flow channel, a gas phase outlet, and a model outlet of the flow channel model; dividing the medium flow channel into sub-regions by meshing; configuring adaptive simulation parameters for the flow channel model; and / or, creating an interacting multiphase medium includes: configuring the inlet-side flow velocity of each phase medium and the flow factors of the multiphase medium; wherein the flow factors include at least one of turbulence mode, gravity factor, phase surface tension, and morphological change.

[0011] In another aspect, a computer device is provided, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the thermal management simulation method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0012] In another aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the thermal management simulation method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0013] Another approach provides a computer program product including a computer program / instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the thermal management simulation method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0014] The aforementioned thermal management simulation methods, computer equipment, computer-readable storage media, and computer program products, when simulating thermal management modules, perform confluence simulations of the states of multiphase media interacting during thermal management within the flow channel model. This facilitates the reproduction of the media composition and interaction relationships during the thermal management process. Furthermore, during the confluence simulation, simulation parameters related to the simulation analysis accuracy of the interfaces between multiphase media can be dynamically adjusted. This helps reduce the risk of accuracy loss due to fixed parameters and reduces redundant simulation calculations through targeted and dynamic adjustment of simulation parameters. This helps balance simulation accuracy and computational load, improving the accuracy and efficiency of capturing the flow and heat exchange patterns of multiphase media during thermal management. Ultimately, this enhances the reliability of thermal management by improving the reliability of analyzing media changes during the thermal management process. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the thermal management simulation method of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the flow channel model of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the flow channel model at the inlet side of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the flow channel model dividing into sub-regions in this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the adaptive mesh size proposed in this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the medium flow in this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a curve from an embodiment of the first factor of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the emission index variation curve of this application; Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of the thermal management simulation method of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] Taking new energy vehicles as an example, their thermal management systems regulate functions such as passenger compartment air conditioning (cooling and heating), battery cooling and heating, and electric drive cooling. In other words, applications like new energy vehicles often require independent thermal management for multiple areas. While adding heat pumps to the thermal management system to further consider energy consumption, this can complicate the system. Furthermore, distributed thermal management systems suffer from large space requirements, numerous components, and inefficient thermal management. Therefore, the thermal management integration module, as described in this application, was developed to modularize the thermal management module, thereby reducing space requirements, saving costs, and improving assembly efficiency.

[0019] The thermal management module may include a manifold with cooling channels. The manifold, through connected multi-way valves, three-way valves, two-way valves, and check valves, enables the thermal management module to switch modes for different thermal management application scenarios. However, if the internal flow channel design of the manifold is unreasonable, air generated during coolant filling or cavitation may be difficult to expel, potentially leading to a decrease in pump head performance or pump cavitation, and even affecting the heat exchange performance of the thermal management module.

[0020] Therefore, in order to improve the rationality of the flow channel design of the thermal management module, a corresponding exhaust structure can be added to the thermal management module to ensure that the air in the flow channel can be discharged in a timely manner, and the exhaust situation should be simulated and verified in advance.

[0021] However, there is currently no reliable method for simulation analysis and verification of thermal management modules. Generally, relatively simple three-dimensional smooth simulations can be used to simulate the velocity and pressure distribution within the manifold to determine the exhaust performance of the thermal management module. However, because multiphase media flow in actual thermal management scenarios usually involves the combined effects of fluid dynamics, surface tension, tensors, gravity, etc., simulation analysis results are prone to serious deviations or even failure to quantify the target, making it difficult to reliably analyze the thermal management process media.

[0022] The thermal management simulation method in this application can adaptively adjust the mesh size and simulation time step to adapt to the state of the medium interface, thereby improving the identification accuracy of the medium interface. This is beneficial for improving the accuracy of the exhaust process simulation within the flow channel model, and thus helps to ensure a relatively reasonable simulation workload while improving the reliability of the simulation results. Simultaneously, by customizing the exhaust rate function, it is possible to output exhaust rate and other indicators characterizing exhaust performance data in real time during transient simulations. This allows for real-time monitoring of exhaust performance and also enables the quantification of simulation results into plotted curves, improving the intuitiveness of the exhaust performance simulation results through visual representation.

[0023] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the thermal management simulation method of this application.

[0024] S101: Construct the flow channel model for the thermal management module.

[0025] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The examples shown in the text, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the flow channel model of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the flow channel model at the inlet side of this application.

[0026] Taking a multiphase medium including both gaseous and liquid phases as an example, the flow channel model of the thermal management module may include a gas inlet 11, a liquid inlet 12, a gas outlet 13, a model outlet 14, and a medium flow channel 15. The gas inlet 11 and liquid inlet 12 can serve as the inlet side (IN) of the flow channel model, and the liquid inlet 12 can be fitted onto the gas inlet 11. The gas outlet 13 and / or the model outlet 14 can serve as the outlet side (OUT) of the flow channel model.

[0027] Gas inlet 11 can be used to input gaseous media, and liquid inlet 12 can be used to input liquid media. After flowing through the medium channel 15, the gaseous media can flow out of the flow channel model from the gas outlet 13 and the model outlet 14. After flowing through the medium channel 15, the liquid media can flow out of the flow channel model from the model outlet 14. Setting separate inlet boundaries for multiphase media such as gaseous and liquid phases can provide a reliable basis for subsequent quantitative simulation analysis and evaluation of exhaust performance. This helps reduce the risk of random analysis results caused by using the same inlet boundary for multiphase media, thereby improving the reliability of thermal management simulation analysis during the construction of the flow channel model.

[0028] Thus, when constructing the flow channel model of the thermal management module, a gas phase inlet 11 and a liquid phase inlet 12 fitted onto the gas phase inlet 11 can be created. A medium flow channel 15, a gas phase outlet 13, and a model outlet 14 can also be created for the flow channel model.

[0029] Furthermore, the medium flow channel can be meshed to form sub-regions. In this case, the flow channel model can include multiple sub-regions. Optionally, different flow channel segments can be divided into multiple sub-regions according to the structure of the medium flow channel; or... Figure 4 The examples shown in the text, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a structural embodiment of the flow channel model sub-region division in this application. It can divide the medium flow channel into surface meshes and volume meshes, and use the volume mesh as a sub-region of the flow channel model.

[0030] Adaptive simulation parameters can be configured for the flow channel model. These parameters can include mesh size and / or simulation time step, among other things. At the beginning of the simulation, these parameters can be configured as preset initial parameters and can be adaptively adjusted. For example, simulation parameters can be configured to be adaptively adjustable and correlated with the simulation analysis accuracy of the medium interface. As the name suggests, the thermal management module can handle multiphase media, i.e., multiple media, and the boundary between different phases is the medium interface.

[0031] S102: Create a multiphase medium with interactions.

[0032] In this embodiment, thermal management simulation can be considered as simulating the convergence and flow of multiphase media during the thermal management process, in order to simulate the situation of multiphase media inside the thermal management module when thermal management is actually performed. Therefore, multiphase media with interactions can be created to further fit the actual working state of the thermal management module, thereby improving the reliability of thermal management simulation.

[0033] Specifically, the inlet-side flow velocity of each phase medium and the flow factors of the multiphase medium can be configured. Among them, the flow factors can include at least one of turbulence mode, gravity factor, phase surface tension, and morphological change.

[0034] For example, the import side can refer to the gas phase import and the liquid phase import as exemplified above.

[0035] S103: Combination simulation of thermal management process of multiphase medium flowing in the flow channel model.

[0036] In this embodiment, the thermal management process of the multiphase medium flowing within the flow channel model can be simulated, and the simulation parameters can be dynamically adjusted during the simulation process.

[0037] Specifically, dynamically adjusted simulation parameters may include adaptive dynamic adjustment of mesh size and / or adaptive dynamic adjustment of simulation time step. This facilitates near real-time refinement of sub-regions at the medium interface, thereby helping to suppress a significant increase in simulation computation cost while ensuring simulation accuracy. This embodiment takes the combination of adaptive dynamic adjustment of mesh size and simulation time step as an example, and will be elaborated in detail below.

[0038] S104: Identify the target sub-region containing the medium interface within the flow channel model.

[0039] In this embodiment, in response to simulation parameters including mesh size, the medium interface can be identified. To adapt to the positional state of the medium interface, the mesh size of the first region within the flow channel model is controlled to be smaller than that of the second region. Specifically, the first region is closer to the medium interface than the second region. That is, controlling the sub-region where the medium interface is located to have a smaller mesh size is beneficial for further improving the accuracy of medium change identification.

[0040] Optionally, the medium interface may include a current interface and / or a predicted interface. The current interface represents the interface between the current multiphase media, and the predicted interface represents the interface between the multiphase media predicted for future times. In this embodiment, taking the medium interface including both the current and predicted interfaces as an example, the current sub-region containing the current interface can be identified as the target sub-region, and the predicted sub-region containing the predicted interface can be identified as the target sub-region. This allows for a better balance between the physical field calculation accuracy of the medium interface region at both the current and future times, prioritizing the allocation of computational resources to it. This improves the accuracy of capturing the gradient changes of physical quantities at the medium interface at both the current and future times, and enhances the dynamic tracking capability of the medium interface, thereby improving the stability and continuity of the simulation process and further enhancing the reliability of the simulation analysis.

[0041] Specifically, the volume ratio of the media within the sub-regions divided within the flow channel model can be obtained. This volume ratio is the ratio between the volume of the gaseous medium and the volume of the multiphase medium. In response to a match between the current volume ratio of the media within the current sub-region and a preset boundary ratio, it is determined that the current sub-region contains the current boundary, and this sub-region is designated as the target sub-region.

[0042] It can obtain the current interface and the simulation time step. It predicts the displacement of the current interface within the simulation time step. By superimposing the current interface position and the predicted displacement, it obtains the predicted position of the interface, and uses the sub-region of the predicted position as the target sub-region. Predicting the interface based on the current interface improves the accuracy of the prediction results. Combining the prediction with the current interface position also reduces the dimensionality of the prediction parameters, thereby improving prediction efficiency and convergence.

[0043] S105: Reduce or maintain the mesh size of the target sub-region.

[0044] In this embodiment, in response to identifying a target sub-region containing a medium interface, the mesh size of the target sub-region can be reduced or maintained.

[0045] Furthermore, a size threshold can be preset, representing the minimum allowed mesh size during the current simulation. This threshold constrains the minimum mesh size, helping to reduce over-refinement of the mesh and balancing computational load and accuracy. Specifically, a first identifier can be assigned to a target sub-region to identify whether the mesh size of the sub-region carrying the first identifier has fallen below the size threshold. If it has not fallen below the threshold, the mesh size of the sub-region carrying the first identifier is reduced. Otherwise, the mesh size of the sub-region carrying the first identifier is maintained.

[0046] like Figure 5 The examples shown in the text, Figure 5This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the adaptive mesh size proposed in this application. Figure 5 The unshaded areas represent the medium interface. The mesh size of the target sub-region where the interface is located is reduced so that the mesh size of the sub-region closer to the medium interface is smaller than or equal to the mesh size of the relatively distant sub-region.

[0047] S106: Increase or maintain the grid size of other sub-regions.

[0048] In this embodiment, the grid size of sub-regions other than the target sub-region can be enlarged or kept unchanged.

[0049] Furthermore, when scaling up the mesh size of other sub-regions, the maximum mesh size can be constrained to be the initial size. Specifically, other sub-regions can be assigned a second identifier to identify whether the mesh size of the sub-region carrying the second identifier has reached the initial size. In response to not reaching the initial size, the mesh size of the sub-region carrying the second identifier is scaled up. Otherwise, the mesh size of the sub-region carrying the second identifier is maintained. In this way, other sub-regions can be considered non-critical regions compared to the target sub-region, which can reduce their simulation computational load to improve simulation efficiency, reduce simulation iteration complexity, and reduce the risk of simulation distortion caused by excessive scaling through the constraint of the initial size. This helps to ensure the global simulation calculation accuracy of the flow channel model, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the thermal management module simulation process.

[0050] It should be noted that maintaining the mesh size of both the target sub-region and other sub-regions does not contradict controlling the mesh size of the first region within the flow channel model to be smaller than the mesh size of the second region. In this embodiment, it is permissible to simultaneously maintain the mesh sizes of the target sub-region and other sub-regions when the mesh size of the first region is smaller than the mesh size of the second region; alternatively, it is permissible to simultaneously maintain the mesh sizes of the target sub-region and other sub-regions only when the mesh size of the target sub-region matches the size threshold and the mesh sizes of other sub-regions match the initial size; or, it is permissible to balance maintaining the mesh sizes of both the target sub-region and other sub-regions in other ways, ensuring that the mesh size of the first region is smaller than the mesh size of the second region. Other specific implementation methods will not be elaborated here.

[0051] S107: Adaptive dynamic adjustment of simulation time step.

[0052] In this embodiment, in response to simulation parameters including the simulation time step, a target time step can be used to analyze the flow velocity state of the medium at the interface from its current sub-region to the adjacent sub-region. A time step threshold is obtained. The larger of the target time step and the time step threshold is used as the simulation time step. Thus, during the simulation of the thermal management module, the simulation time step can be dynamically adjusted to adapt to the position and dynamic change rate of the medium interface, thereby improving the simulation accuracy of the medium interface and adapting to the nonlinear and uncertain characteristics of multiphase medium changes in actual thermal management simulation. The dynamic adaptation of the simulation time step to changes in actual simulation conditions enhances the robustness and adaptability of the simulation analysis, further improving the reliability of the simulation.

[0053] S108: Obtain the flow simulation results of the flow channel model.

[0054] In this embodiment, the simulation results may include at least one of the following: the gas phase mass flow rate at the outlet side of the flow channel model (i.e., the first factor), the exhaust index, and the exhaust index variation curve; these are not strictly limited. In other words, at least one of the three—the first factor, the exhaust index, and the exhaust index variation curve—can be used as the confluence simulation result.

[0055] The outlet-side gas phase mass flow rate can also be displayed using visual curves, tables, etc., to improve the intuitiveness of viewing the confluence simulation results. For example... Figure 7 The examples shown in the text, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a curve from an embodiment of the first factor of this application, which can monitor the gas phase mass flow rate of the gas phase medium at the gas phase outlet side and the model outlet side, and generate a gas phase mass flow rate curve; wherein, Figure 7 The vertical axis of the coordinate system represents the flow rate of the gaseous medium, in kg / s (kilograms per second); the horizontal axis represents time, in s (seconds).

[0056] like Figure 8 The examples shown in the text, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the exhaust emission index change curve of this application, which illustrates the exhaust emission index change curve as an example, where the vertical axis is the exhaust emission index and the horizontal axis is time.

[0057] Specifically, the exhaust gas index can be calculated by using the gas mass flow rate at the outlet as the first factor and the gas mass flow rate at the inlet as the second factor. The ratio of the first factor to the second factor is then used as the exhaust gas index.

[0058] Example 2 Based on the same inventive concept, the above embodiments are further illustrated below with simulation software and specific numerical settings. In other words, this embodiment can be considered a further specific implementation based on Embodiment 1.

[0059] In one embodiment, when constructing the flow channel model of the thermal management module, simulation software such as HyperMesh can acquire the 3D drawing data of the thermal management module, extract the cooling flow channel model of the exhaust pipe, and use it as the medium flow channel of the constructed flow channel model. This allows for the creation of the gas phase inlet, liquid phase inlet, gas phase outlet, and model outlet for the exhaust simulation. For example, the gas phase inlet can be a circular inlet with a diameter of 1mm to 2mm, such as 1mm, 1.25mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.89mm, or 2mm. A reasonable gas phase inlet diameter can improve the matching degree of gas volume in the simulated actual thermal management process. The remaining portion of the actual flow cross-section of the medium flow channel after deducting the gas phase inlet cross-section can be used as the gas phase inlet. The exhaust port acts as a boundary, allowing the gas phase medium to flow out but not allowing liquid phase media such as coolant to flow out. The cross-sectional area of ​​the model outlet can be matched with the cross-sectional area of ​​the medium flow channel.

[0060] In response to the completion of the flow channel model construction, the multiphase medium flow region can be meshed. Specifically, the flow channel model can be divided into regions, with the region through which the liquid phase medium flows designated as the first region, and the region through which the gas phase medium flows but not through which the liquid phase medium flows designated as the second region. The initial surface mesh size of the second region is controlled to be smaller than that of the first region, so that a smaller initial mesh size can be assigned to the gas phase medium, which has relatively low density, relatively low viscosity, and relatively disordered flow behavior, thereby improving the accuracy of capturing subtle features such as velocity gradient, turbulence transition, and eddy formation.

[0061] For example, the average size of the surface mesh in the first region is 2 mm, and its minimum size is 0.5 mm; the average size of the surface mesh in the second region can be 1 mm, and its minimum size is 0.25 mm. These values ​​are only for illustrative purposes and are not strict limitations on the initial surface meshing parameters of the first and second regions.

[0062] In response to the completion of surface mesh generation within the flow channel model, volume mesh generation can be adapted. For example, in the simulation software, the maximum volume mesh size of the flow channel model can be set to 2mm, the total boundary layer thickness to 1mm, a three-layer volume mesh with a growth rate of 1.2, and the boundary layer thickness of the gas phase inlet sidewall can be set to 0.2mm, three layers, and a growth rate of 1.2. No boundary layer generation is performed for the gas phase inlet, liquid phase inlet, gas phase outlet, and model outlet, thus forming a flow channel model as shown below. Figure 4 The flow channel model is shown in the example.

[0063] Furthermore, the flow factors of the flow channel model during the simulation process can be configured. Real-time transient simulations of the exhaust process of the thermal management model can be performed using options such as "implicit unsteady state." Simultaneously, adaptive mesh size and adaptive simulation time steps can be configured during the simulation.

[0064] As illustrated in the examples above, flow factors can include at least one of the following: turbulence mode, gravity, surface tension, and morphological changes. Specifically, a turbulence mode can be selected to simulate turbulent phenomena in multiple media, such as liquid and gaseous media. Options such as "gravity" can be selected to simulate the liquid pressure of a gaseous medium in a liquid medium, such as a coolant. Options such as the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method within the "Multiphase" option can be selected to simulate multiphase media in the thermal management module simulation process, such as selecting liquid and gaseous media. Simultaneously, options such as "Multi-interaction" can be selected to incorporate surface tension, allowing consideration of surface tension interactions between multiphase media during the thermal management module simulation. Morphological changes can be simulated using options such as "VOF wave," which simulate phenomena such as the bonding, breakup, and formation of gaseous media.

[0065] When creating an interacting multiphase medium, you can select to create a coolant phase and an air phase, such as an Eulerian phase, as the multiphase medium in the simulation software, and set up multiple interactions. You can also configure the model boundaries of the flow channel model. For example, you can set the liquid inlet as a mass flow rate inlet boundary, with its velocity constrained to, for example, 10 L / min; you can set the gas inlet as a velocity inlet boundary, with a velocity of 2 m / s; and you can set the model outlet as a pressure outlet boundary.

[0066] When configuring the flow channel model with adaptive simulation parameters, the adaptive mesh can be set with a minimum adaptive mesh cell size (i.e., size threshold), a transformation width (i.e., initial size), and a trigger time step frequency. The adaptive simulation time step can be set with an initial time step and a time step threshold.

[0067] You can also configure the creation of exhaust mass flow reports for the thermal management module simulation, and choose to create monitoring curves. For example, you can select "New Report", "Flow / Energy", "Phase Mass Flow" and other options in the "Report" menu. You can also select the gas phase medium in the "Phase" option to create a gas phase mass flow report on the outlet side as a result of the confluence simulation.

[0068] Optionally, in this embodiment, a custom calculation function for exhaust emission indicators can also be written, as illustrated in the following example: airDegasRatio=massflow1_airDegas / massflow1_airinlet Equation 1-1 Where airDegasRatio represents the exhaust gas index; massflow1_airDegas represents the first factor; and massflow1_airinlet represents the second factor.

[0069] The following example illustrates the calculation function for exhaust gas parameters in simulation software, using specific numerical values. Taking an inlet velocity of 2 m / s for the gaseous medium and a gas density of 1.18415 kg / m³ as an example, the formula for calculating the inlet-side gas mass flow rate, i.e., the second factor, can be illustrated as follows: massflow1_airinlet = area_airinlet × 2 × 1.18415 (Equation 1-2) Here, massflow1_airinlet represents the second factor; area_airinlet represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas phase inlet.

[0070] You can select "Tools", "Field Functions", "New", "Scalar" in sequence to select the desired function. "The function is written into the simulation software to calculate exhaust performance indicators. For example, it can output exhaust performance indicators in real time during the transient simulation of the thermal management module, thereby monitoring the exhaust performance of the thermal management module. It can also output exhaust animations for intuitive analysis of exhaust performance."

[0071] Example 3 Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of the thermal management simulation method of this application.

[0072] S201: Construct the flow channel model for the thermal management module.

[0073] In this embodiment, constructing a flow channel model of the thermal management module is a prerequisite for conducting flow simulation of the thermal management process. The flow channel model can be constructed based on the actual physical structural parameters of the thermal management module, such as dimensional data obtained from actual scanning of the thermal management module or 3D drawing data.

[0074] S202: Create a multiphase medium with interactions.

[0075] In this embodiment, the thermal management process of the thermal management module is simulated by creating a multiphase medium, which consists of multiple media present in the thermal management process. The interaction between the multiphase media in the actual thermal management process is then simulated. For example, the multiphase medium may include at least two of the following media types with different phase states: liquid, gas, and solid impurity.

[0076] S203: Performs a flow simulation of the thermal management process of a multiphase medium flowing within a flow channel model, dynamically adjusting simulation parameters to adapt to the state of the medium interface during the flow simulation.

[0077] In this embodiment, a flow simulation is performed based on a flow channel model and multiphase media to simulate or reproduce the flow, heat transfer, and confluence processes of multiple media within the flow channel. During the simulation, parameters directly related to the accuracy of the media interface analysis can be dynamically adjusted to adapt to the state of the media interface, thereby balancing simulation accuracy and efficiency.

[0078] S204: Obtain the flow simulation results that characterize the exhaust performance of the flow channel model.

[0079] In this embodiment, after completing the bus simulation, the simulation results can be obtained, and the simulation results can be used as data basis for structural optimization and performance improvement of the thermal management module.

[0080] As can be seen from the above, when performing thermal management simulation on the thermal management module, it is beneficial to simulate the state of the multiphase media interacting with each other within the flow channel model to reproduce the media composition and interaction relationships during the thermal management process. Furthermore, during the flow simulation, the simulation parameters related to the simulation analysis accuracy of the interfaces between the multiphase media can be dynamically adjusted. This helps reduce the risk of accuracy loss due to fixed parameters and reduces redundant simulation calculations through targeted and dynamic adjustment of simulation parameters. This helps to balance simulation accuracy and computational load, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of capturing the flow and heat exchange patterns of the multiphase media during the thermal management process. Ultimately, this improves the reliability of thermal management by enhancing the reliability of analyzing media changes during the thermal management process.

[0081] Example 4 Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment can be considered as a further specific implementation scheme for identifying the current interface, building upon Embodiment 1. The principle of identifying the current interface is illustrated below with examples.

[0082] When identifying a subregion containing the current interface, the magnitude of the volume fraction gradient can be used. A cell, i.e., a subregion, can be identified and marked as containing the current interface in the following cases.

[0083] Whether the current interface is included can be determined by combining the volume fraction gradient of at least one component i with the following example formula: Equation 2-1 in, This represents the volume fraction gradient of component i; This represents the maximum volume fraction gradient that component i can achieve on a given cell; This represents the pre-defined or user-specified sensitivity parameter for component i, which can be used as the interface detection resolution standard in the free surface mesh refinement standard.

[0084] When assigning different identifiers, namely a first identifier and a second identifier, to the target sub-region and other sub-regions, this can be achieved as exemplified by the following formula: Equation 2-2 Where I0 represents the identifier carried by the sub-region, i.e., the interface indicator; 0 represents the first identifier; and 1 represents the second identifier.

[0085] Example 5 Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment can be considered as a further specific implementation scheme for identifying and predicting interfaces, building upon Embodiment 1. The following provides an example illustrating the current interface identification principle.

[0086] The interface indicator I0, as exemplified above, and flow advection can be used to predict the interface location at the next simulation event. In some cases, the mesh size downstream of the interface flow can also be optimized; of course, in some cases, advection can also occur in the opposite direction.

[0087] The time of the next simulation event is determined by the time step, the simulation cycle (e.g., the adaptive mesh size adjustment event step or the update frequency specified for the adaptive mesh solver), and the sweep distance estimation factor attribute in the free surface mesh refinement criterion. The sweep distance estimation factor attribute in the free surface mesh refinement criterion can be preset or specified by the user. A specific calculation formula can be illustrated as follows: Equation 3-1 Equation 3-2 Among them, T Donw T represents the time of the next simulation event downstream of the flow. Up The time of the next adaptive mesh size adjustment event upstream of the flow is indicated by t; t represents the current time. N represents the simulation time step; AMR Indicates the adaptive mesh adjustment period; C Up and C DownThese represent the sweep distance estimation factors for the upstream and downstream sides, respectively.

[0088] If the transmitted marker field contains non-physical values, such as those exceeding certain thresholds, it can be repeatedly transmitted using smaller time steps to improve simulation stability. The transmission marker can be illustrated as follows: Equation 3-3 Where I represents the transmission flag; max() represents the maximum function; I Down Indicates the transmission marker downstream of the flow; I Up Indicates the transmission marker upstream of the flow.

[0089] Example 6 Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment can be considered a further specific implementation scheme of dynamically adjusting the mesh size based on Embodiment 1. That is, when configuring the flow channel model with adaptive simulation parameters, adaptive mesh size can be configured. The following provides an example of the detailed working principle of the adaptive mesh size in this embodiment.

[0090] In this implementation example, the medium interface includes both the current interface and the predicted interface. Specifically, for a sub-region containing the current interface, if the free surface interpolation is set to "Injection" and marked as "keep", then the sub-region marked with "keep" will not be modified in the next adaptive mesh size adjustment event. That is, when the current mesh size of the sub-region has dropped to the size threshold, it is assigned an "Injection" interpolation value; when the current mesh size of the sub-region has not dropped to the size threshold, it is assigned a "Sharp Reconstruction" interpolation value.

[0091] For a subregion containing the current interface location, if the free surface interpolation is set to "SharpReconstruction", then the subregion marked with "refine" can be refined in the next adaptive mesh size adjustment event.

[0092] For cells located between the current interface and the predicted interface, they can all be marked as "refine". Then, in the next adaptive mesh size adjustment event, the sub-region marked "refine" can be refined.

[0093] Other cells can be labeled "coarsen". In the next adaptive mesh resizing event, sub-regions marked "coarsen" can be coarsened. At the same time, it can be identified whether the current mesh size of the sub-regions marked "coarsen" has reached the initial size. If it has, it can remain unchanged.

[0094] Example 7 Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment can be considered a further specific implementation scheme that dynamically adjusts the simulation time step based on Embodiment 1. That is, when the flow channel model is configured with adaptive simulation parameters, an adaptive simulation time step can be configured. The following provides an example of the detailed working principle of the adaptive simulation time step in this embodiment.

[0095] Adaptive simulation time steps can be defined as automatically adjusting the time step to achieve a specified time resolution, thereby improving simulation stability and result accuracy. For incompatible multiphase media such as water and air, where the interface remains separated, adaptive simulation time steps are beneficial for adapting to situations with significant changes in fluid topology or physical time scale. Setting an adaptive simulation time step allows for simulations at any given point using the minimum time step provided by the enabled time step provider.

[0096] Adaptive simulation time steps can typically be used with different time step models. In this embodiment, a free surface implicit multi-step time step can be selected. When using VOF implicit multi-step, the time step can be made explicit, thereby sharpening the interface. In velocity fields containing both coarse and fine meshes and rapid relative changes, such as those in this embodiment, this can improve simulation accuracy and save computational resources. In this embodiment, the sub-regions near the medium interface, i.e., the mesh elements, can be controlled to satisfy conditions such as the Courant number to calculate the simulation time step. The specific calculation method can be illustrated by the following formula: Equation 4-1 Equation 4-2 in, The Courant number represents the effective convection time step; N represents the target time step; imp Represents the number of sub-steps; The effective convection time step represents the number of substeps; The Courant number represents the target time step.

[0097] Specifically, an initial time step can be specified at t=0 (initial simulation). This initial time step can be derived from the time step provider enabled in each continuum. A time step threshold is set as a lower limit for the time step. The calculation of the time step threshold can combine the Courant number and the von Neumann stability condition. A specific calculation example is shown in the following formula: Equation 4-3 Equation 4-4 in, The time step threshold is represented by `min()`; `CFL` represents the dimensionless Courant number specified by the user; `V(x)` ​​represents the volumetric mesh element volume in meters. 3 (cubic meters); VNN represents the von Neumann number, which can be approximately equal to 1; The characteristic grid cell length scale is represented in meters (m); v(x) represents the kinematic viscosity in meters (m). 2 / s, square meters per second); λ max (x) represents the maximum eigenvalue of the simulation system; u represents velocity, c represents the speed of sound, and a represents the surface area vector.

[0098] It should be understood that, although... Figure 1 , Figure 9 The steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order in which these steps are executed, and they can be performed in other orders. Furthermore, as... Figure 1 , Figure 9 At least some of the steps in the process may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0099] Example 8 Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment can provide a thermal management simulation device for implementing the thermal management simulation method described in any of the preceding embodiments. In one embodiment, the thermal management simulation device may include a device body and a management module.

[0100] The management module is located on the device body. The management module is used to implement the thermal management simulation method as described in any of the above embodiments. Specifically, the management module can at least construct a flow channel model for the thermal management module; create a multiphase medium with interactions; perform a flow simulation of the thermal management process of the multiphase medium flowing within the flow channel model, dynamically adjusting simulation parameters during the flow simulation; wherein the simulation parameters are correlated with the simulation analysis accuracy of the interface between the multiphase media; and obtain the flow simulation results of the flow channel model.

[0101] Specific limitations regarding the thermal management simulation device can be found in the limitations of the thermal management simulation method described above, and will not be repeated here. Each module in the aforementioned thermal management simulation device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in the processor of a computer device in hardware form or independent of it, or stored in the memory of a computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0102] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the thermal management simulation method described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0103] In one embodiment, the computer device may be a server or a terminal.

[0104] Taking a computer device as an example, this computer device includes a processor, memory, network interface, and database connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores data. The network interface communicates with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a thermal management simulation method.

[0105] Taking a computer device as an example, this computer device includes a processor, memory, network interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The network interface is used to communicate with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a thermal management simulation method. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink display screen. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad mounted on the computer device casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0106] Those skilled in the art will understand that the structures illustrated above are only partial structures related to the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the computer equipment on which the present application is applied. Specific computer equipment may include more or fewer components than those described above, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0107] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program / instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the thermal management simulation method as described above.

[0108] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, the computer device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the thermal management simulation method as described above.

[0109] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the thermal management simulation method as described above.

[0110] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0111] It should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments and technical principles applied in this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, although this application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Under the concept and disclosed technical solutions of this application, other equivalent embodiments or equivalent technical means may also be included, all of which fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A thermal management simulation method, characterized in that, The thermal management simulation includes: Construct the flow channel model for the thermal management module; Create multiphase media with interactions; A flow simulation of the thermal management process of the multiphase medium flowing within the flow channel model is performed, and the simulation parameters are dynamically adjusted to adapt to the state of the medium interface during the flow simulation. Obtain the flow simulation results that characterize the exhaust performance of the flow channel model.

2. The thermal management simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment of simulation parameters during the bus simulation process to adapt to the state of the medium interface includes: In response to the simulation parameters including mesh size, the medium interface is identified; the mesh size of the first region within the flow channel model is controlled to be smaller than the mesh size of the second region to adapt to the positional state of the medium interface; wherein the first region is closer to the medium interface than the second region; and / or, In response to the simulation parameters including the simulation time step, the target time step for the medium to flow from its current sub-region to the adjacent sub-region is analyzed based on the flow velocity state at the medium interface; wherein, the flow channel model includes multiple sub-regions; a time step threshold is obtained; and the larger of the target time step and the time step threshold is used as the simulation time step.

3. The thermal management simulation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control of the mesh size of the first region within the flow channel model being smaller than the mesh size of the second region includes: Identify the target sub-region within the flow channel model that contains the medium interface; Reduce or maintain the grid size of the target sub-region; and / or increase or maintain the grid size of other sub-regions.

4. The thermal management simulation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reduction or maintenance of the grid size of the target sub-region; and / or the enlargement or maintenance of the grid size of other sub-regions includes: Assign a first identifier to the target sub-region, and identify whether the grid size of the sub-region carrying the first identifier has decreased to a size threshold; in response to not decreasing to the size threshold, reduce the grid size of the sub-region carrying the first identifier; otherwise, maintain the grid size of the sub-region carrying the first identifier; and / or, Assign a second identifier to the other sub-regions, and identify whether the grid size of the sub-region carrying the second identifier has reached the initial size; in response to not reaching the initial size, enlarge the grid size of the sub-region carrying the second identifier; otherwise, maintain the grid size of the sub-region carrying the second identifier.

5. The thermal management simulation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multiphase medium includes a gaseous medium; identifying the target sub-region within the flow channel model that contains the interface of the medium includes: In response to the medium interface including the current interface, the medium volume ratio of the sub-regions divided within the flow channel model is obtained; wherein, the medium volume ratio is the ratio between the volume of the gas phase medium and the volume of the multiphase medium; in response to the medium volume ratio in the current sub-region matching a preset boundary ratio, it is determined that the current sub-region contains the current interface, and it is taken as the target sub-region. And / or, In response to the medium interface including the predicted interface, the current interface and the simulation time step are obtained; the predicted displacement of the current interface within the simulation time step is predicted; the position of the current interface and the predicted displacement are superimposed to obtain the predicted position of the predicted interface, and the sub-region of the predicted position is taken as the target sub-region.

6. The thermal management simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow channel model includes an inlet side and an outlet side; the simulation results for obtaining the exhaust performance characterizing the flow channel model include: The gas phase mass flow rate at the outlet side is obtained as the first factor; The gas phase mass flow rate at the inlet side is obtained as the second factor; The ratio of the first factor to the second factor is used as the exhaust index; The first factor, the exhaust index, and the change curve of the exhaust index are taken as the result of the flow simulation.

7. The thermal management simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow channel model for constructing the thermal management module includes: Create the gas phase inlet and the liquid phase inlet fitted onto the gas phase inlet of the flow channel model; create the medium flow channel, gas phase outlet and model outlet of the flow channel model; divide the medium flow channel into sub-regions by meshing; configure adaptive simulation parameters for the flow channel model; And / or, The creation of a multiphase medium with interactions includes: Configure the inlet-side flow velocity of each phase medium and the flow factors of the multiphase medium; wherein, the flow factors include at least one of turbulence mode, gravity factor, phase surface tension, and morphological change.

8. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the thermal management simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the thermal management simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program / instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the thermal management simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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