Distribution line fault isolation method of self-adaptive switch attribute and network topology

Abstract

The invention provides a distribution line fault isolation method based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology, and belongs to the technical field of power system automation. The method comprises the following steps: configuring switch attributes for switches in advance, inputting corresponding functions, establishing neighborhood communication association for the ring network switches, and deploying first fault processing logic and second fault processing logic at the same time; when it is monitored that the communication state is converted from a normal state to an abnormal state, executing a logic collaborative switching process: extracting a fault judgment intermediate state of the first fault processing logic at an interruption moment, and performing real-time compensation on an action timing parameter of the second fault processing logic according to the intermediate state, and the second fault processing logic inherits the judgment progress of the first fault processing logic to execute a subsequent isolation action. According to the method, seamless and collaborative switching and process continuation between two heterogeneous logics can be realized, and the problems of processing delay increase caused by logic faults in a distributed FA and local FA fusion scheme and action instability caused by logic isomerism are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power system automation technology, and in particular to a method for fault isolation of distribution lines that adapts to switch attributes and network topology. Background Technology

[0002] Power supply reliability is one of the core indicators of modern power distribution networks. Power distribution networks have complex structures and diverse operating environments, making faults inevitable. Therefore, quickly and accurately isolating faulty sections and restoring power to non-faulty sections is crucial for improving power supply reliability.

[0003] Power distribution line faults mainly include feeder faults, line faults, and bus faults. Related technologies classify power distribution network fault isolation and recovery methods into three categories: The first category is centralized feeder automation (FA) based on a master station. This method relies on the master station system to collect fault information uploaded by terminals, combine it with a pre-defined power grid topology for fault location and isolation decisions, and then issue control commands. This method is powerful, but highly dependent on stable and fast communication channels, and the processing time is relatively long, making it unsuitable for situations with poor or no communication. The second category is distributed FA based on inter-device communication. Adjacent intelligent terminals, such as feeder terminal units (FTUs) and distribution terminal units (DTUs), exchange fault information through point-to-point communication, such as Generic Object Oriented Substation Events (GOOSEs), to collaboratively complete fault location and isolation without master station intervention. This method offers fast isolation speed, but requires extremely high real-time performance and reliability in inter-device communication; communication interruptions will lead to functional failure. The third type is local feeder automation, where the terminal equipment relies solely on locally acquired electrical quantities (such as voltage, current, and time) for logical coordination, without relying on any communication. A typical example is the voltage-time type (VT type). This method does not rely on communication and has high reliability, but the fault location and recovery process depends on multiple "trial closing" operations, resulting in longer isolation and recovery times, more switching operations, and impact on equipment and the power grid.

[0004] Furthermore, in related technologies, in the fusion scheme of distributed FA and local FA, when communication anomalies occur, the system often adopts a strategy of directly switching to the backup fault handling logic. This approach has the following drawbacks: First, there is the problem of logical discontinuity: the switching process usually discards the judgment information that the distributed fault handling logic has already completed, causing the local fault handling logic to have to start timing from zero, which significantly increases the delay of fault isolation; second, there is the instability of the switching moment: during the transient process of communication flicker or fault occurrence, the criteria between heterogeneous logics are prone to conflict, which may lead to malfunctions or failures of the switch, reducing the robustness of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a power distribution line fault isolation method based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology. It addresses issues such as increased processing delays due to logical gaps during abnormal communication switching in integrated distributed and localized power distribution (FA) schemes, as well as operational instability caused by logical heterogeneity during switching. This method extracts and inherits the intermediate judgment states when the first fault handling logic is interrupted in real time, and performs real-time compensation and coordination on the timing and criteria of the second fault handling logic, achieving seamless, efficient, and stable switching between the two logics. The technical solution includes at least the following: On the one hand, a method for fault isolation of power distribution lines based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology is provided, comprising: configuring predefined switch attributes for switches in the line according to the actual connection relationship of the power distribution line, and activating corresponding local protection and control function combinations for each switch according to the configured switch attributes, wherein the switch attributes include at least the first switch, the ring network switch, and the end switch; assigning an independent device identifier to each ring network switch, and associating and binding the device identifiers of each ring network switch with one or more neighboring switches based on the current network topology; and simultaneously deploying a first fault handling logic and a second fault handling logic in the ring network switches, wherein the first fault handling logic is a distributed fault handling based on real-time communication between devices. The second fault handling logic is a local voltage-time fault handling logic that does not rely on inter-device communication; it continuously monitors the communication status between the ring network switch and its neighboring switches. When the communication status is determined to change from normal to abnormal, it executes a logic collaborative switching process: it obtains historical GOOSE messages and local sampling information within a preset time before the communication interruption time. If it is determined that the current state is in fault initiation, it extracts the fault determination intermediate state of the first fault handling logic at the time of interruption, and performs real-time compensation on the action timing parameters of the second fault handling logic according to the intermediate state, so that the second fault handling logic inherits the determination progress of the first fault handling logic and performs subsequent isolation actions.

[0006] Optionally, the real-time compensation of the action timing parameters of the second fault handling logic includes: calculating the effective overcurrent duration from the start of fault detection to the communication interruption time of the first fault handling logic; mapping the effective overcurrent duration to the initial offset of the timer of the voltage-time criterion in the second fault handling logic; and after switching to the second fault handling logic, accumulating the timer from the initial offset until the preset action time limit is reached.

[0007] Optionally, the logical coordination switching process further includes: opening a transient logical transition window at the instant a communication anomaly is detected; within the transient logical transition window, if the last valid GOOSE message received contains a definite fault location determination result, then the tripping decision of the first fault handling logic is forcibly maintained, and the logical output of the second fault handling logic is masked.

[0008] Optionally, the combination of local protection and control functions for each switch includes: functions for the first switch including: undervoltage tripping function, on-voltage delayed closing function, and residual voltage blocking closing function; functions for the ring network switch including: overcurrent protection function, undervoltage tripping function, on-voltage delayed closing function, residual voltage blocking closing function, and communication interaction and processing function for executing the first fault handling logic; functions for the end switch including: overcurrent protection function and undervoltage tripping function; wherein, the residual voltage blocking closing function identifies the actual residual voltage of the line fault by monitoring the characteristic value of the voltage change rate and distinguishes it from induced electrical interference.

[0009] Optionally, the communication between devices adopts the GOOSE communication protocol; the intermediate state includes at least: the fault current detection flag uploaded by the neighboring switch before the communication interruption, the overcurrent timing status of the local switch, and the boundary judgment status.

[0010] Optionally, the first fault handling logic performs the following steps: In response to a fault in the power distribution line, the ring network switch sends its own fault current detection flag to its neighboring switches through the GOOSE communication protocol; based on the flags of itself and the neighboring switches, boundary judgment is performed; if it is determined that it is a fault boundary switch, the switch is tripped or tripped after the remaining boundary identification is completed based on the intermediate state; wherein, if a communication abnormality occurs when the distributed boundary judgment is not completed, the currently obtained fault detection flag, overcurrent timing status and boundary judgment status constitute the intermediate state.

[0011] Optionally, the second fault handling logic performs the following steps: In the case of communication abnormality, if the inherited initial offset has reached the preset action time limit, the circuit breaker is directly triggered to isolate the fault; if the initial offset has not reached the preset action time limit, the circuit breaker is closed sequentially according to the compensated step delay; if the circuit breaker is closed at the fault point, the overcurrent protection trips and triggers the residual voltage blocking state.

[0012] Optionally, after the ring network switch in the switch attributes completes fault isolation, if it detects that the power supply voltage on one side has recovered and reached the preset delay, it will automatically close the switch to restore power supply to the healthy area.

[0013] On the other hand, a power distribution line fault isolation device with adaptive switch attributes and network topology is provided, comprising: a network topology analysis and attribute configuration module, used to configure predefined switch attributes for switches in the line according to the actual connection relationship of the power distribution line, and to put corresponding local protection and control function combinations into each switch according to the configured switch attributes, wherein the switch attributes include at least the first switch, the ring network switch, and the end switch; a neighborhood relationship establishment and communication configuration module, used to assign an independent device identifier to each ring network switch, and to associate and bind the device identifiers of each ring network switch with one or more neighboring switches based on the current network topology; and a dual-mode fault handling logic deployment module, used to simultaneously deploy a first fault handling logic and a second fault handling logic in the ring network switch, wherein the first fault handling logic... The first fault handling logic is a distributed fault handling logic based on real-time communication between devices. The second fault handling logic is a local voltage-time fault handling logic that does not rely on inter-device communication. The logic coordination switching module is used to continuously monitor the communication status between the ring network switch and its neighboring switches. When it is determined that the communication status changes from normal to abnormal, the logic coordination switching process is executed: historical GOOSE messages and local sampling information within a preset time before the communication interruption time are obtained. If it is determined that the current state is in the fault initiation state, the intermediate state of the fault determination of the first fault handling logic at the time of interruption is extracted, and the action timing parameters of the second fault handling logic are compensated in real time according to the intermediate state, so that the second fault handling logic inherits the determination progress of the first fault handling logic and performs subsequent isolation actions.

[0014] In another aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the aforementioned method for isolating power distribution line faults based on adaptive switching attributes and network topology.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in this application include at least the following: (1) Deep collaboration and smooth relay between heterogeneous logics are realized: This application extracts the intermediate state of fault judgment at the moment of communication interruption and performs real-time compensation of the action timing parameters of the local logic, which solves the problem of increased isolation delay caused by the "zeroing" of the judgment progress when the communication is abnormally switched. Thus, it ensures that even under the extreme condition of communication loss, the fault handling logic can still evolve continuously in the time dimension, thereby improving the robustness of the system.

[0016] (2) Balancing speed and reliability: This application introduces a transient logic transition window, which avoids logic dead zones or switch malfunctions during switching by extrapolating historical messages and outputting shielded conflicts at the moment of communication status fluctuation. It achieves millisecond-level fault isolation when communication is normal and fast isolation through compensated timing logic when communication is abnormal, thus eliminating the risk of strong dependence on a single communication channel.

[0017] (3) Improved fault identification accuracy in complex environments: This application introduces voltage change rate characteristic value to assist in residual voltage blocking judgment, which can effectively identify the actual residual voltage of line faults and accurately distinguish external interference signals such as induced voltage. Thus, it solves the problem that traditional voltage-time logic is prone to false blocking due to interference in complex environments, and improves the success rate of power supply restoration in healthy areas.

[0018] (4) Flexible configuration and easy deployment: This application uses "switch attributes" for abstraction and pre-configuration, enabling the method to flexibly adapt to different distribution network topologies. Moreover, it does not require extensive modifications to the master station system during implementation; logical configuration and association are mainly performed on the terminal device side, which facilitates its application in existing network upgrades and new networks. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a power distribution line fault isolation method based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a comparison diagram of a typical undervoltage decay curve and an induced waveform according to a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a three-ring network box distribution network topology according to a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power distribution line fault isolation device with adaptive switch attributes and network topology according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0022] This application first provides a method for fault isolation in power distribution lines that adapts to switch attributes and network topology. Specifically, Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a power distribution line fault isolation method based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for fault isolation of power distribution lines based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology includes the following steps: In step S101, predefined switch attributes are configured for the switches in the power distribution line according to the actual connection relationship of the power distribution line, and corresponding local protection and control function combinations are put into each switch according to the configured switch attributes. The switch attributes include at least the first switch, the ring network switch and the end switch.

[0024] In this embodiment of the application, the switch attribute refers to a logical label defined according to the physical location of the switch in the distribution network topology and its preset functional role. Through the attribute definition, the device can automatically load the matching set of protected control parameters to achieve "plug and play" protection configuration.

[0025] Optionally, in some embodiments, corresponding local protection and control function combinations are applied to each switch, including: functions applied to the first switch include: undervoltage tripping function, voltage-delayed closing function, and residual voltage blocking closing function; functions applied to the ring network switch include: overcurrent protection function, undervoltage tripping function, voltage-delayed closing function, residual voltage blocking closing function, and communication interaction and processing function for executing the first fault handling logic; functions applied to the end switch include: overcurrent protection function and undervoltage tripping function; wherein, the residual voltage blocking closing function identifies the actual fault residual voltage of the line by monitoring the characteristic value of the voltage change rate and distinguishes it from induced electrical interference.

[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, the device reads a preset configuration table to obtain its switch attributes during the initialization phase. The logic of the first switch in this embodiment is to respond to the control of the substation outgoing line side. When a bus voltage loss is detected and there is no local current, the voltage loss trip is initiated; when the power supply is restored (voltage is restored), the device attempts to energize the entire feeder through a voltage-delayed closing mechanism. The ring network switch in this embodiment, as a relay node of the line, is characterized by "dual criterion superposition." It not only implements traditional overcurrent protection but also must be equipped with communication interaction functions to support boundary determination under distributed logic.

[0027] The voltage change rate characteristic value in this application refers to the change vector (dU / dt) of voltage amplitude per unit time. It is a key physical characteristic parameter that distinguishes between actual line voltage loss (with a specific capacitor discharge decay curve) and induced electrical interference (manifested as random fluctuations or constant low amplitude).

[0028] This application's embodiments introduce a transient voltage change rate identification model in the residual voltage blocking stage to reduce the risk of malfunctions caused by relying solely on a single voltage threshold. Specifically, the processor acquires the switch-side voltage waveform U(t) through high-frequency sampling (e.g., 4kHz) and calculates the average voltage change rate over N consecutive cycles: ; in, The characteristic value of the average rate of change of voltage. The number of sampling cycles is denoted by , and i is the index of the sampling sequence. The voltage amplitude obtained from the i-th sampling is... The voltage amplitude obtained from the (i-1)th sampling is... This represents the sampling time interval.

[0029] In real-world fault scenarios, after a line disconnects, residual charge is discharged through a current transformer or load, and its voltage decay curve follows an exponential distribution, with dU / dt exhibiting a smooth characteristic of decreasing from large to small. When When the voltage falls within the preset standard attenuation band, it is determined to be the actual residual voltage, and the circuit breaker is locked to prevent reclosing to a permanent fault.

[0030] In induced electrical interference scenarios, the voltage induced by adjacent parallel lines typically exhibits a constant low-amplitude sine wave with an average rate of change of... It approaches a constant and fluctuates very little. If detected... If the voltage deviates from the standard attenuation band, it is determined to be induced voltage. The system will automatically block the interlock command and drive the normal closing to restore power supply.

[0031] Furthermore, Figure 2 This is a comparison diagram of a typical undervoltage decay curve and an induced waveform from a specific embodiment of this application. Figure 2Figure (a) shows the voltage change trend after a real fault and power loss in the distribution line. It can be seen that, affected by the discharge of the line's distributed capacitance, the characteristic value of its voltage change rate... It exhibits an exponential decay characteristic from large to small, and always remains within the preset standard decay band. Based on this, the processor identifies it as the real residual voltage and executes the latching logic. Figure 2 Figure (b) shows a common induced electrical interference waveform. Although this waveform has a certain residual voltage amplitude, its voltage change rate characteristic value is... It exhibits irregular, random fluctuations, lacks a trend of decline, and deviates significantly from... Figure 2 The standard attenuation band in (b) is used by the processor to identify it as an interference signal and block the blocking operation, thus ensuring the correctness of the closing logic.

[0032] Therefore, this application effectively solves the "false residual voltage" phenomenon caused by distributed capacitance in long-distance cable lines and improves the reclosing success rate.

[0033] In step S102, each ring network switch is assigned an independent device identifier (ApplicationIdentification, APPID), and the ring network switch is associated and bound with the device identifiers of one or more neighboring switches based on the current network topology.

[0034] Step S102 of this application embodiment is to construct the communication infrastructure of the distributed intelligent fault handling system. Its core is to establish a unique digital identity and a clear interaction relationship for the ring network switch with collaborative capabilities.

[0035] In this embodiment of the application, the device identifier refers to a unique digital identity code assigned to each ring network switch (e.g., a logical device name based on the IEC 61850 standard, or a custom unique ID). This identifier is the basis for the switch to address, identify, and exchange data in the communication network.

[0036] In this application, a neighboring switch refers to another ring network switch that, according to the primary wiring topology of the current power distribution line, has a direct electrical connection with the target ring network switch or is located in its adjacent segment. Specifically, in this application, a neighboring switch specifically refers to an adjacent switch that, in the normal power supply topology, has a direct electrical connection with the target ring network switch and is also configured as a ring network switch. This definition excludes devices with the attributes of first switch or last switch, because they do not participate in the distributed collaborative judgment logic based on peer-to-peer communication. For example... Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a three-ring network distribution network topology according to a specific embodiment of this application. Figure 3 In the topology shown, Figure 3In the diagram, power supply S1 is on the left and power supply S2 is on the right, forming a dual-power open-loop operation. K1 to K10 represent points. DLA and DLB are the ring main unit switches. The switch attributes are configured as follows: DL101 and DL303 are the first switches; DL103, DL201, DL203, and DL301 are ring main switches; DL102, DL202, and DL302 are the last switches. DL103 and DL201 are neighbors, and DL203 and DL301 are neighbors. For ring main switch DL103, its upstream directly connected DL101 is the first switch, and its downstream directly connected DL102 is the last switch. Neither of them runs distributed FA logic. Crossing the ring main unit, its direct connection via a line is DL201, which is a ring main switch. Therefore, DL201 is the only neighboring switch of DL103, and vice versa. Similarly, DL301 is the neighboring switch of DL203.

[0037] The association binding in this embodiment refers to pre-setting a static list of correspondences between a ring network switch and one or more neighboring switch device identifiers in the ring network switch configuration data, or dynamically establishing such a list through a topology discovery protocol. This binding relationship defines the scope of GOOSE message sending and receiving objects, ensuring that fault information is only efficiently and reliably exchanged between necessary and directly adjacent devices, avoiding network load and logical complexity issues caused by network-wide broadcasting. The purpose of association binding is to enable each ring network switch to exchange fault information with its logically directly adjacent and peer intelligent agents.

[0038] Optionally, in some embodiments, the communication between devices adopts the GOOSE communication protocol; the information exchanged between devices includes at least: the current open / close position status of the switch, the fault current detection flag, and the closing lockout status.

[0039] Understandably, the advantage of the GOOSE communication protocol lies in its publish / subscribe model, independence from network layer protocols, and multicast capability, enabling millisecond-level fast and reliable data transmission within the substation network, thereby achieving real-time collaborative fault diagnosis. In the embodiments of this application, the physical medium for communication is typically fiber optic Ethernet to ensure transmission speed and interference resistance.

[0040] Specifically, the current open / closed position status of the interactive switch between devices reflects the actual mechanical position of the switch in real time, which is the basis for judging changes in power supply intervals and logic topology. The fault current detection flag is a Boolean value or status word, which is set by the local protection function of the switch. When the switch detects that the current flowing through it exceeds the overcurrent protection setting (or the directional overcurrent criterion is met), it immediately sets this flag to "true" or "current present" and publishes it in real time through GOOSE. This flag is the core input for the "current present / no current present" comparison in the distributed fault location logic. The closing interlock status indicates whether the closing circuit of the indicator switch is locked by local logic (such as residual voltage interlock, closing due to fault interlock) or remote command (such as interlock request from neighboring switches). In this embodiment, the interaction of this status can prevent neighboring switches from mistakenly issuing closing commands when the fault is not effectively isolated or there is a risk of energization. It is a key interlock information to ensure operational safety.

[0041] It should be noted that the GOOSE communication parameter configuration in this application strictly follows the IEC 61850-7-1 international standard and the DL / T 1146-2021 power industry standard. All parameters are uniformly configured and downloaded to the ring network switchgear through the SCD (System Configuration Description File). The core parameters and configuration rules are as follows: APPID (Device Identifier): A 2-byte unsigned integer, assigned a unique value to each ring network switch (e.g., APPID=0301 for DL103, APPID=0302 for DL201), used to uniquely identify the application association of GOOSE messages, ensuring that neighboring switches only receive target messages bound to the APPID, avoiding cross-device communication interference; Multicast Address and Port: The multicast MAC (Media Access Control) address adopts the standard format 01-0C-CD-01-XX-XX (XX is a custom extension segment), IP (Internet Protocol version 1) is used for multicast communication. The multicast address for the Internet Protocol (IP) is configured as 230.0.0.1~230.0.0.2; the communication port is fixed as 6001~6002, following the specifications of State Grid distribution automation equipment; GoID (GOOSE identifier): a variable-length string format, defined as "IED name / logical node GO control block name" (e.g., "DL103 / LLN0GOgcb_Fault"), used to distinguish GOOSE messages of different functions of the same device.

[0042] This application embodiment divides an independent Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) (e.g., VLAN ID=100) for GOOSE communication, isolating it from Sampled Value (SV) and Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) service flows; IEEE 802.1p priority marking (PCP=7, i.e., highest priority CS7) ensures that fault information is prioritized for forwarding during network congestion. A heartbeat period T0=3s is used to maintain communication link awareness between neighboring switches; event-triggered retransmission employs an exponential backoff mechanism, with the first retransmission delay T1=2ms, the second T2=4ms, and the third T3=8ms, ensuring reliable delivery of fault signals within 4ms. PRP (Parallel Redundancy Protocol) is enabled to achieve dual-network redundancy, and the switches support IGMP Snooping to restrict multicast packets to only being forwarded to the subscription port, avoiding network flooding. All GOOSE parameters are configured uniformly through the Communication section of the SCD file. After the CID (IED instance configuration file) and CCD (loop instance configuration file) are exported by the configuration tool, they are downloaded to the device. Parameter modifications need to be updated synchronously through the SCD file version management function to ensure the consistency of device configuration across the entire site.

[0043] For example, the GOOSE parameter content in this application embodiment is as follows: [GOOSE_PARA] Device=eth0,eth1 / / Network interface; APPID0=0301 / / APPID with a 1-interval on the local machine; APPID1=0302 / / APPID with a local interval of 2; APPID2=0303 / / APPID with a 3-interval on the local machine; APPID3=0304 / / APPID with a 4-bit interval on this device; APPID4=0305 / / APPID with a 5-interval on the local machine; APPID5=0306 / / APPID with a 6-interval on this device; Switch00=0204 / / APPID of the local interval 1 neighboring switch; Switch01= / / APPID of the local switch with a 2-neighborhood interval; Switch02= / / APPID of the local 3-interval neighboring switch; Switch03= / / APPID of the local 4-interval neighboring switch; Switch04= / / APPID of the local switch with a 5-neighbor interval; Switch05= / / APPID of the local 6-interval neighbor switch; multicastIP=230.0.0.1,230.0.0.2 / / multicast address; multicastPort=6001,6002 / / Multicast port number; The GOOSE message in this embodiment adopts the ASN.1 BER encoding format and is designed based on the IEC 61850 standard data model. It only contains the core information required for fault isolation, balancing real-time performance and data integrity. For example, the data content of the GOOSE message in this embodiment is shown in Table 1. Table 1 is a BitString mapping table of status signals in the GOOSE message of the power distribution automation equipment (such as a ring network switch) in this embodiment: Table 1

[0044] In Table 1, TAG represents the "name of the status signal", corresponding to the operating / fault status type of the device. "1" indicates the number of bits occupied by each status signal (all statuses in Table 1 are 1 bit). For example, the circuit breaker status is 1 bit, indicating that the circuit breaker is in the closed state, and 0 bits indicate the open state. 0x84 is the identifier of this status data block in the IEC 61850 model (similar to an index of a data object, used by the receiving end to locate the data block). Length: indicates the total number of bits in the entire status data block (16 bits in Table 1), corresponding to the BitString type in IEC 61850 (a composite data type composed of multiple binary bits).

[0045] The sending device (such as a ring network switch) encodes its real-time status (whether the circuit breaker is closed, whether there is an overcurrent, etc.) into a 16-bit BitString according to the rules in the table and embeds it in the GOOSE message. After receiving the GOOSE message, the receiving device (such as a neighboring ring network switch) parses each bit of the BitString according to this table, and can quickly obtain the operating / fault status of the sending end, providing a basis for judgment for the "distributed fault isolation logic" (such as judging the fault location by the "overcurrent status" bit).

[0046] Therefore, this application embodiment organizes physically dispersed individual switches into a logically tightly coupled, real-time information-sharing intelligent agent network through clear identities, defined neighbor relationships, and standardized information interaction. This lays an indispensable communication and data foundation for achieving fast and accurate distributed collaborative fault isolation in the subsequent first fault handling logic.

[0047] In step S103, a first fault handling logic and a second fault handling logic are deployed simultaneously in the ring network switch. The first fault handling logic is a distributed fault handling logic based on real-time communication between devices, and the second fault handling logic is a local voltage-time fault handling logic that does not depend on inter-device communication.

[0048] Step S103 of this application embodiment aims to equip the ring network switch with "dual intelligence," enabling it to adaptively select the optimal fault handling strategy based on real-time communication conditions. That is, the device is equipped with two parallel decision-making systems: a high-speed collaborative mode and an independent autonomous mode.

[0049] The first fault handling logic in this application embodiment is an intelligent algorithm that relies on a high-speed, reliable peer-to-peer communication network (such as the GOOSE protocol). It achieves rapid fault location, isolation, and restoration of non-faulty areas by instantly sharing key fault information between adjacent intelligent devices and collaboratively calculating and making decisions based on preset rules. Activated when the communication channel is normal, it exchanges fault current flags and tripping status with adjacent switches in real time, and achieves precise and rapid isolation of fault sections through logarithmic logic determination, aiming for the fastest fault handling speed and minimizing power outage time. The second fault handling logic in this application embodiment is a classic feeder automation logic that relies solely on locally measured voltage, current, and time parameters from the switch. It operates according to a pre-set, fixed delay sequence, gradually inferring and isolating faults through a "trial closing" method. It automatically takes over when the communication system fails, relying on locally collected voltage and current physical quantities combined with a preset time ladder (voltage-time type) to complete automatic fault isolation and restoration, serving as a highly reliable backup mode to ensure the bottom line of power supply reliability.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first fault handling logic and the second fault handling logic are integrated as independent software functional modules within the same ring network switch control device. They share underlying hardware resources such as the Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory, sampling unit, and basic functions like overcurrent protection, but their decision-making processes and output logic are completely independent. The two logics are not activated and executed simultaneously; instead, the top-level status monitoring and mode selector instantly decides which logic to invoke based on the real-time communication status, achieving "seamless switching." The decision-making process of the mode selector is triggered synchronously the instant a fault event occurs: when the local protection function detects fault characteristics, it immediately queries the real-time status of the GOOSE communication link to ensure that path selection and logic activation are completed within milliseconds.

[0051] Therefore, step S103 of this application embodiment, through the design of dual logic integration and adaptive switching, solves the long-standing contradiction between speed and reliability in the field of power distribution automation. This application embodiment, through an intelligent top-level decision-making mechanism, integrates these into an organic whole, ultimately achieving extremely fast processing when communication is normal and reliable maintenance when communication is abnormal.

[0052] In step S104, the communication status between the ring network switch and its neighboring switches is continuously monitored. When the communication status changes from normal to abnormal, the logical collaborative switching process is executed: historical GOOSE messages and local sampling information within a preset time before the communication interruption time are obtained. If it is determined that the current state is in the fault initiation state, the intermediate state of the fault determination of the first fault handling logic at the time of interruption is extracted, and the action timing parameters of the second fault handling logic are compensated in real time according to the intermediate state, so that the second fault handling logic inherits the determination progress of the first fault handling logic and executes subsequent isolation actions.

[0053] As described in the background section, related fusion solutions suffer from "logic gaps" and "instantaneous instability" during abnormal communication handover. To address these issues, this application proposes a logic-coordinated handover method based on state inheritance. Its core lies in the fact that when the communication state with a neighboring switch changes from normal to abnormal, instead of simply terminating the first fault handling logic and initiating the second, a sophisticated logic-coordinated handover process is executed. This process aims to extract, save, and utilize the computational state of the distributed logic at the moment of interruption. By intelligently compensating and initializing the action timing and criteria of the local logic, it achieves smooth continuation and coordinated evolution between the two heterogeneous logics, thereby eliminating handover delays and avoiding action conflicts.

[0054] In this embodiment, the intermediate state of fault determination is a set of instantaneous logical variables and data when the distributed logic fails to form a final decision due to communication interruption during the operation process. In this embodiment, the set includes at least: a local fault detection flag (indicating whether the switch has detected a fault current exceeding a set value), an effective overcurrent duration (the time elapsed from the setting of the local fault detection flag to the time of communication interruption), a neighborhood state snapshot (key states parsed from GOOSE messages received from each neighboring switch at the last moment before the communication interruption or within a preset time window, such as "fault current detection flag" and "closing lockout state"), and a boundary judgment convergence state (representing the progress stage of the distributed boundary judgment logic, such as "not started", "waiting for downstream information", "preliminarily determined to be the downstream boundary", "determined to have converged and awaiting output", etc.).

[0055] Upon detecting a communication anomaly, the system immediately extracts the aforementioned status information synchronously from the cache and logic processing unit, forming a complete "logic breakpoint snapshot".

[0056] Optionally, in some embodiments, the timing parameters of the action of the second fault handling logic are compensated in real time, including: calculating the effective overcurrent duration from the start of fault detection to the time of communication interruption of the first fault handling logic; mapping the effective overcurrent duration to the initial offset of the timer of the voltage-time criterion in the second fault handling logic; and after switching to the second fault handling logic, the timer starts to accumulate from the initial offset until the preset action time limit is reached.

[0057] It is understandable that "logic gaps" are the core cause of wasted time, which is the local logic timer starting from zero. This application's embodiments solve this problem through a real-time compensation algorithm.

[0058] Specifically, first, the compensation time is calculated: the effective overcurrent duration T0 in the intermediate state of fault determination is read; then, mapping compensation is performed: T0 is mapped to the initial offset of the local logic-related timer. The mapping relationship can be set according to the protection characteristic curve, for example, using linear mapping: =k×T0, where k is the compensation coefficient, such as 0.5≤k≤1.5, used to coordinate the different time-current characteristics of the two logics. For more complex cases, a lookup table method can be used to map different values ​​according to the different intervals in which T0 is located. .

[0059] Then, the initial offset is loaded: after switching to local logic, its internal voltage judgment delay timer, closing delay timer, etc., do not start from 0, but from... Start accumulating; for example, if the preset action time limit for local logic closing delay is 7 seconds. If the compensation is 2 seconds, then after switching, you only need to wait another 5 seconds before closing the circuit.

[0060] Therefore, the embodiments of this application eliminate the time-duplication waiting caused by switching, transforming the "effective decision time" consumed by distributed logic into the "initial advantage" of local logic, thereby shortening the total fault isolation time. This improves the processing speed in case of communication anomalies.

[0061] Optionally, in some embodiments, the logical coordination switching process further includes: opening a transient logical transition window at the instant a communication anomaly is detected; within the transient logical transition window, if the last valid GOOSE message received contains a definite fault location determination result, then the tripping decision of the first fault handling logic is forcibly maintained, and the logical output of the second fault handling logic is blocked.

[0062] In this embodiment, the transient logic transition window refers to a millisecond-level (e.g., 50ms-150ms) observation period initiated after a communication anomaly is detected. Within this window, the system is in a "quasi-distributed state," prioritizing the processing of residual valid packets in the buffer rather than immediately downgrading. This effectively prevents erroneous actions due to information asynchrony at the switching critical point.

[0063] Specifically, once a communication anomaly is detected, a transient logic transition window of fixed duration (e.g., 50ms) is immediately opened. Within this window, the system is in a hybrid decision-making mode. Within this window, the system rapidly searches the GOOSE message buffer received in the very short time before the communication interruption (e.g., 10ms). If the parsing reveals that a certain frame of messages carries a clear and consistent fault boundary determination result (e.g., the downstream neighboring switch has confirmed no fault current, and this switch is marked as the boundary), then the system determines that the distributed logic has substantially completed the decision. At this time, the system forcibly maintains and immediately executes the tripping decision formed by the distributed logic. At the same time, it completely blocks all outputs of the second fault handling logic in the current fault event until the end of the current fault handling cycle.

[0064] Therefore, the embodiments of this application can ensure that the optimal and fastest predetermined action is executed in the extreme scenario where communication is interrupted immediately after the decision is made, avoiding any hesitation or misjudgment that may be caused by the handover, and greatly enhancing the certainty and reliability of the handover moment.

[0065] Furthermore, even when the distributed boundary judgment is interrupted before completion, its "semi-finished state" still has value. In this embodiment, the "boundary judgment convergence state" and "neighborhood state snapshot" are passed as prior knowledge to the local logic. Upon receiving indications such as "no downstream flow" or "it may be a boundary," the local logic can optimize its probing strategy. For example, during sequential closing, a shorter fault detection time window can be used for switches that may be fault boundaries, or blocking logic can be prepared in advance, thereby accelerating the location speed and reducing unnecessary switching actions. This achieves unidirectional information empowerment from distributed logic to local logic, transforming the latter from blind probing to guided intelligent probing, thus improving the accuracy and efficiency of fault handling in the local mode.

[0066] Optionally, in some embodiments, communication between devices adopts the GOOSE communication protocol; the intermediate state includes at least: the fault current detection flag uploaded by the neighboring switch before the communication interruption, the overcurrent timing status of the local switch, and the boundary judgment status.

[0067] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first fault handling logic performs the following steps: in response to a fault in the distribution line, the ring network switch sends its own fault current detection flag to its neighboring switches via the GOOSE communication protocol; based on the flags of itself and the neighboring switches, boundary judgment is performed, and if it is determined that it is a fault boundary switch, the switch is tripped or tripped after the remaining boundary identification is completed based on the intermediate state; wherein, if a communication abnormality occurs when the distributed boundary judgment is not completed, the currently obtained fault detection flag, overcurrent timing status and boundary judgment status constitute the fault determination intermediate state.

[0068] Optionally, in some embodiments, the second fault handling logic performs the following steps: in the communication abnormal state, if the inherited initial offset has reached the preset action time limit, the circuit breaker is directly triggered to isolate the fault; if the initial offset has not reached the preset action time limit, the circuit breaker is closed sequentially according to the compensated step delay; if the circuit breaker is closed at the fault point, the overcurrent protection trips and triggers the residual voltage blocking state.

[0069] Optionally, in some embodiments, after the ring network switch in the switch attributes completes fault isolation, if it detects that the power supply voltage on one side has recovered and reached a preset delay, it automatically closes the switch to restore power supply to the healthy area.

[0070] Specifically, the execution connection between the first fault handling logic and the second fault handling logic in this application embodiment includes: the ring network switch exchanges flags with the neighboring area via the GOOSE protocol. If a communication anomaly occurs, the boundary judgment state in the intermediate state, i.e., the "semi-finished state" of the boundary judgment, is passed to the second fault handling logic. For example, if upstream overcurrent is known, even if downstream information is missing, the second fault handling logic can combine the local voltage drop characteristics to accelerate the execution of the tripping decision, rather than waiting for a complete voltage-time timing cycle.

[0071] If the inherited initial offset The preset action time limit has been reached, and the device will not wait any longer, directly triggering the trip to isolate the fault. If the initial offset... If the preset action time limit is not reached, the closing attempt will be performed sequentially according to the compensated stepped delay. If the closing occurs at the fault point, the voltage change rate characteristic value in step S101 above will be considered. Identify the actual residual pressure and trigger the residual pressure interlock state.

[0072] Furthermore, after completing fault isolation, the ring main unit continuously monitors the voltage status on both sides. If the power supply voltage on one side is detected to have recovered (with voltage) and the preset delay is reached, the system confirms that the side is the healthy area power supply side and automatically executes the closing command. This process, in conjunction with the aforementioned residual voltage blocking logic, ensures that the power restoration process will not cause further impact on the fault point.

[0073] To enable those skilled in the art to further understand the closing interlocking of the embodiments of this application, the following examples illustrate its principle.

[0074] Specifically, to more clearly demonstrate the actual performance of "logical collaborative switching" in the fault isolation method of this application embodiment, the following is combined with... Figure 3 The discussion will be divided into three typical scenarios: Scenario 1: Communication is normal, and the fault is located at K4 (middle of the line).

[0075] This scenario demonstrates the high-speed collaborative capability of the first fault handling logic under ideal communication conditions. Specifically, when a permanent fault occurs at point K4, both DL103 and DL201 detect a fault current exceeding a predetermined value, and their local "fault current detection flag" is immediately set. DL103 and DL201 exchange their "fault current detection flags" in real time via GOOSE messages. DL103 learns that it has current and that downstream DL201 also has current, thus determining that the fault is not in this segment. DL201 learns that it has current, but its downstream neighbor (the next ring network switch) has not reported current, so DL201 determines that it is the downstream boundary of the fault. At the same time, after receiving DL201's "current present" flag, DL103, combined with the fact that there is no current upstream (or it is a power source), can collaboratively determine that DL103 is the upstream boundary of the fault.

[0076] After the fault determination is completed, DL103 and DL201 perform tripping operations almost simultaneously (within 150ms), precisely isolating the fault in the section between DL103 and DL201. The tie switch DL203 continuously monitors the voltage on both sides. After the fault is isolated, its S1 side loses voltage, while the S2 side (via DL301 and DL303) has voltage. After the "ticket automatic transfer closing delay" (e.g., 150ms) is met, DL203 automatically closes, and power supply to ring main unit B is restored by power supply S2.

[0077] Therefore, based on the description of Scenario 1, it can be seen that the first fault handling logic of this application embodiment has speed and accuracy, and can complete fault location, isolation and recovery in milliseconds without the need for main station intervention.

[0078] Scenario 2: Communication is abnormally interrupted during fault handling, and the fault point is located at K4.

[0079] Scenario 2 demonstrates how the "logic collaborative switching process" addresses the issues of "logic gaps" and "instantaneous instability." Specifically, a fault occurs at point K4. DL103 and DL201 detect the fault current, initiate distributed logic, and begin exchanging GOOSE messages. Assuming that approximately 50ms after the fault occurs, the communication link between DL103 and DL201 is suddenly interrupted, the local logic of both switches immediately triggers the logic collaborative switching process: On the DL103 side, the intermediate fault determination state is extracted: T0=50ms (current has passed for 50ms), the "current present" flag from DL201 has been received (but no downstream confirmation of no current has been received), and the boundary judgment convergence state is "waiting for final downstream confirmation"; On the DL201 side, the intermediate fault determination state is extracted: T0=50ms, no current present flag from the downstream neighboring area has been received (because there is no fault downstream), and the boundary judgment convergence state is "preliminarily determined to be the downstream boundary."

[0080] Then, the two switches independently switch to the second fault handling logic and perform real-time compensation according to the algorithm (such as...). =k×T0, assuming k=0.8), the local logic timers of DL103 and DL201 obtain the initial offset. ≈40ms. Because the intermediate state of DL201 strongly indicates that "it is the downstream boundary", its behavior tendency in the local logic is adjusted to "accelerate the tripping", while DL103 inherits the state that "the fault may be downstream".

[0081] After the coordinated switching, the substation switch DLA trips and recloses. The first switch DL101 detects voltage and closes, while DL103 closes according to the compensated timing sequence. Due to the inherited "downstream may be faulty" state, its fault detection time window after closing is shortened, resulting in rapid tripping after the fault and being blocked due to "closing at a fault". Thanks to the inherited "boundary" state and timing compensation, DL201 may preemptively complete the tripping determination before DL103 closes, based solely on local voltage loss and the compensated short delay (instead of passively waiting for closing probes), thus coordinating with DL103 to complete isolation or greatly shortening the time for fault location through probes. The faulty section is isolated (DL103 trips and is blocked, DL201 trips), and DL203, the tie switch, detects voltage on one side and closes after a delay, restoring power supply.

[0082] Compared to traditional hard handover (discarding 50ms of information and starting from scratch), this application's embodiment, through state inheritance and compensation, ensures that the starting point of the local logic is not "zero," thus shortening the total fault handling time by approximately [missing information]. (40ms) and optimized decision-making by using the "semi-finished product state", avoiding unnecessary trials and improving the processing efficiency and rationality of actions after switching.

[0083] Scenario 3: Communication is completely abnormal (no communication upon startup), and the fault point is located at K1 (near the power supply end).

[0084] Scenario 3 demonstrates how the fault isolation method of this application embodiment can serve as a highly reliable backup under extreme no-communication conditions. Specifically, in this scenario, a fault occurs at point K1, resulting in a complete loss of voltage across the entire line. Switches (DL101, DL103, DL201) configured with undervoltage tripping function all trip. Since there is no communication throughout, the system runs the second fault handling logic throughout the process. The substation switch DLA recloses and trips due to the fault. DL101, as the first switch, detects residual voltage (from the fault point) and locks it out. The residual voltage identification here utilizes the voltage change rate characteristic value model in step S101, effectively distinguishing between fault residual voltage and induced voltage, ensuring the correctness of the lockout. DL103 and DL201 attempt to close sequentially with tiered delays. DL103 closes due to a fault trip and is locked out. DL201 senses residual voltage (transmitted from the fault point through the line) and is locked out. Thus, the fault is isolated between DL101 and DL103. DL203, the tie switch, closes finally, restoring power supply to the downstream healthy area.

[0085] Therefore, even under the worst-case scenario of complete communication failure, the fault isolation method of this application embodiment can still maintain ultimate reliability. At the same time, the advanced residual voltage identification technology in the first switch DL101 improves the correctness of the local logic itself.

[0086] Based on the above embodiments, it can be seen that scenario one represents the optimal performance situation, scenario two reflects the great progress of this application compared with related technologies: in real networks with unreliable communication, through intelligent state inheritance and compensation mechanisms, the performance gap between distributed FA and local FA is greatly bridged, enabling the system to still obtain a processing speed close to that when communication is good in most poor communication situations; while scenario three ensures the bottom-line reliability of the function.

[0087] Therefore, through the above mechanism, the present application embodiment makes the power distribution network fault handling system a resilient and adaptive system, whose performance can be smoothly degraded according to communication quality, rather than collapsing in stages, thereby improving the resilience and power supply reliability of the power distribution network.

[0088] The following examples illustrate the switch setting parameter configuration of this application, clarifying the "protection function activation / deactivation rules," "action setting value range," and "parameter setting basis" for the first switch, ring network switch, and end switch. Table 2 is a table of switch protection functions and setting parameter configurations in an embodiment of this application.

[0089] Table 2

[0090] All the switch attributes, function activation / deactivation, protection settings, communication parameters, and fault handling logic described above are uniformly modeled, associated, and configured in the System Configuration Description File (SCD file) according to the IEC61850 standard model. After being compiled by the configuration tool, the SCD file generates and downloads device-specific configuration files (CID files) to each ring network switch control device, thereby realizing the unified deployment and management of the entire system strategy.

[0091] As shown in Table 2, the embodiments of this application provide the range of action setting values ​​for each protection function, ensuring that those skilled in the art can directly set the values ​​according to actual line parameters (such as conductor current carrying capacity, rated values ​​of current transformers / voltage transformers). Table 2 establishes the association between parameters and fault handling logic. All settings serve "fault isolation and power supply restoration when communication is normal / abnormal", meeting the real-time requirement of fault isolation within 150ms.

[0092] Specifically, combining Table 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first switch (DL101, DL303) in this embodiment serves as the incoming switch on the power supply side, primarily responsible for the functions of "rapid fault tripping" and "non-faulty section blocking protection". The protection function configuration of this type of switch is guided by core requirements. Undervoltage tripping, on-voltage closing, and residual voltage blocking closing functions are all set to the active state, while other non-core functions are deactivated to avoid functional redundancy affecting the response speed. Regarding key settings, the on-voltage setting ranges from 0.50-1.50 pu, and the off-voltage setting ranges from 0.10-0.90 pu, both based on the secondary rated value of the voltage transformer (VT) of 100 / V as the setting reference. The residual voltage blocking value is linked with the off-voltage setting value to effectively prevent false reclosing in the faulty section. These parameter configurations directly support the first switch in realizing the complete logic of "undervoltage tripping - residual voltage blocking - neighboring area power restoration" in the K1 fault scenario, ensuring that the fault-related circuit can be quickly disconnected after a fault occurs, while preventing the non-faulty section from being affected again due to false closing.

[0093] The ring network switch in this application embodiment corresponds to Figure 3DL103, DL201, DL202, and DL301 are the core execution units of the distributed FA logic, simultaneously handling multiple functions including fault detection, neighborhood communication, rapid isolation, and power restoration. Their protection functions are comprehensive and precise, with overcurrent protection, undervoltage tripping, pressurized closing, residual voltage blocking, GOOSE communication, and distributed FA isolation / recovery functions all fully implemented to meet fault handling needs in various scenarios. Among the key settings, the overcurrent setting ranges from 0.05 to 100.00A, set according to the secondary rated value of 1A for current transformers (CTs), accurately matching the typical current parameters of 10kV distribution lines; the recovery delay (interconnection automatic transfer closing delay) is typically set to 150ms to meet the real-time requirements of fault isolation; the communication timeout setting is set to 3s by default, linked to the GOOSE heartbeat cycle, used to quickly determine the communication status and achieve seamless switching of fault handling modes. These parameters together support the ring network switch in the K4 fault scenario to complete the distributed FA logic of "overcurrent detection - GOOSE message interaction - fault boundary tripping - non-fault section restoration", ensuring that fault isolation and power supply restoration are completed within 150ms.

[0094] The terminal switches in this embodiment, corresponding to DL102, DL202, and DL302 in the accompanying drawings, are specifically designed for branch line fault isolation, focusing on local fault detection and rapid tripping. The protection function configuration prioritizes simplicity and efficiency, enabling only overcurrent protection and undervoltage tripping; distributed FA functions are disabled, retaining only local feeder automation functions to avoid interference with the main circuit fault handling logic. Regarding key settings, the overcurrent setting ranges from 0.05 to 100.00A, and the value is no greater than 0.8 times the overcurrent setting of the upstream ring network switch, complying with the timing coordination requirements of distribution network protection hierarchical configuration and effectively preventing cascading tripping. The typical overcurrent time is set to 0s, i.e., instantaneous tripping without time limit, enabling rapid isolation of branch faults. These parameters ensure that when a branch line fault occurs, the terminal switch can independently complete the local tripping action without affecting the normal power supply of the main circuit, achieving isolation between branch faults and the main circuit, and improving overall power supply reliability.

[0095] It should be noted that the setting and resetting of the "fault current detection flag" in the above embodiments follow clear rules: the setting condition is that the local current value of the switch exceeds its "distributed FA overcurrent setting" (see Table 2) and meets the direction criterion (if configured); the resetting condition is that any of the following conditions are met: the local current is continuously lower than the setting value for more than the preset anti-jitter time (e.g., 20ms); the switch protection action output trips; or a blocking signal or fault isolation success signal is received from the upstream adjacent switch. The real-time performance of this flag is guaranteed by the rapid release of GOOSE messages, and its clear management is the key to avoiding distributed logic misjudgments.

[0096] It should also be noted that the pressure setting value of the first switch in this embodiment is set to 0.8 according to Table 2 (corresponding to the range of "pressure setting value (FA) 0.50-1.50" in the above embodiment) to ensure the timing of the operation.

[0097] According to an embodiment of this application, a method for fault isolation of power distribution lines based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology is proposed. Topology attributes are pre-configured for switches and corresponding functions are enabled. Neighborhood communication associations are established for ring network switches, and both distributed and local fault handling logics are deployed simultaneously. When a communication status change from normal to abnormal is detected, a logical collaborative switching process is executed: the intermediate fault judgment state of the distributed logic at the moment of interruption is extracted, and the action timing parameters of the local logic are compensated in real time accordingly. This allows the local logic to inherit the judgment progress of the distributed logic and continue execution, achieving seamless, collaborative switching and process continuation between the two heterogeneous logics. Therefore, this method solves the problems of increased processing delay due to logical gaps during abnormal communication switching in the integrated distributed FA and local FA scheme, as well as action instability caused by logical heterogeneity during switching, ensuring high reliability and improving the overall fault handling efficiency of the adaptive system.

[0098] Next, referring to the accompanying drawings, a power distribution line fault isolation device with adaptive switching attributes and network topology is described according to an embodiment of this application.

[0099] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power distribution line fault isolation device with adaptive switch attributes and network topology according to an embodiment of this application.

[0100] like Figure 4 As shown, the power distribution line fault isolation device 10 with adaptive switch attributes and network topology includes: a network topology analysis and attribute configuration module 100, a neighborhood relationship establishment and communication configuration module 200, a dual-mode fault handling logic deployment module 300, and a logic cooperative switching module 400.

[0101] Specifically, the network topology analysis and attribute configuration module 100 is used to configure predefined switch attributes for the switches in the power distribution line according to the actual connection relationship of the power distribution line, and to put into operation the corresponding local protection and control function combination for each switch according to the configured switch attributes. The switch attributes include at least the first switch, the ring network switch and the end switch.

[0102] The neighborhood relationship establishment and communication configuration module 200 is used to assign an independent device identifier to each ring network switch and associate and bind the device identifiers of each ring network switch with one or more neighboring switches based on the current network topology.

[0103] The dual-mode fault handling logic deployment module 300 is used to simultaneously deploy a first fault handling logic and a second fault handling logic in a ring network switch. The first fault handling logic is a distributed fault handling logic based on real-time communication between devices, and the second fault handling logic is a local voltage-time fault handling logic that does not depend on communication between devices.

[0104] The logic coordination switching module 400 is used to continuously monitor the communication status between the ring network switch and its neighboring switches. When the communication status is determined to change from normal to abnormal, the logic coordination switching process is executed: historical GOOSE messages and local sampling information within a preset time before the communication interruption time are obtained. If it is determined that the current state is in the fault initiation state, the intermediate state of the fault determination of the first fault handling logic at the time of interruption is extracted, and the action timing parameters of the second fault handling logic are compensated in real time according to the intermediate state, so that the second fault handling logic inherits the determination progress of the first fault handling logic and executes subsequent isolation actions.

[0105] It should be noted that the explanation of the above-described embodiment of the power distribution line fault isolation method with adaptive switch attributes and network topology also applies to the power distribution line fault isolation device with adaptive switch attributes and network topology in this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0106] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device may include: The memory 501, the processor 502, and the computer program stored on the memory 501 and capable of running on the processor 502.

[0107] When the processor 502 executes the computer program, it implements the power distribution line fault isolation method with adaptive switching attributes and network topology provided in the above embodiments.

[0108] Furthermore, electronic devices also include: Communication interface 503 is used for communication between memory 501 and processor 502.

[0109] The memory 501 is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor 502.

[0110] The memory 501 may include high-speed RAM (Random Access Memory) memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage.

[0111] If the memory 501, processor 502, and communication interface 503 are implemented independently, then the communication interface 503, memory 501, and processor 502 can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication between them. The bus can be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 5 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0112] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 501, processor 502, and communication interface 503 are integrated on a single chip, then the memory 501, processor 502, and communication interface 503 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0113] Processor 502 may be a CPU, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of this application.

[0114] This application also provides a computer program product on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-described method for igniting power distribution line faults based on adaptive switching attributes and network topology.

[0115] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0116] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0117] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0118] It should be understood that the various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or more of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0119] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0120] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for fault isolation of power distribution lines that adapts to switch attributes and network topology, characterized in that, include: Configure predefined switch attributes for the switches in the power distribution line according to the actual connection relationship of the power distribution line, and put the corresponding local protection and control function combination into each switch according to the configured switch attributes. The switch attributes include at least the first switch, the ring network switch and the end switch. Assign a unique device identifier to each ring network switch, and associate and bind the device identifiers of each ring network switch with one or more neighboring switches based on the current network topology; The first fault handling logic and the second fault handling logic are deployed simultaneously in the ring network switch. The first fault handling logic is a distributed fault handling logic based on real-time communication between devices, and the second fault handling logic is a local voltage-time fault handling logic that does not depend on communication between devices. The communication status between the ring network switch and its neighboring switches is continuously monitored. When the communication status changes from normal to abnormal, a logical collaborative switching process is executed: historical GOOSE messages and local sampling information within a preset time before the communication interruption time are obtained. If it is determined that the current state is in the fault initiation state, the intermediate state of the fault determination of the first fault handling logic at the time of interruption is extracted, and the action timing parameters of the second fault handling logic are compensated in real time according to the intermediate state, so that the second fault handling logic inherits the determination progress of the first fault handling logic and executes subsequent isolation actions.

2. The method for power distribution line fault isolation based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time compensation of the action timing parameters of the second fault handling logic includes: Calculate the effective overcurrent duration of the first fault handling logic from the start of fault detection to the moment of communication interruption; The effective overcurrent duration is mapped to the initial offset of the timer for the voltage-time criterion in the second fault handling logic; After switching to the second fault handling logic, the timer starts to accumulate from the initial offset until the preset action time limit is reached.

3. The method for power distribution line fault isolation based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The logical coordination switching process also includes: Upon detecting a communication anomaly, open a transient logic transition window; Within the transient logic transition window, if the last valid GOOSE message received contains a definite fault location determination result, the tripping decision of the first fault handling logic is forcibly maintained, and the logic output of the second fault handling logic is masked.

4. The method for power distribution line fault isolation based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned involves activating corresponding local protection and control function combinations for each switch, including: The functions enabled for the first switch include: undervoltage tripping function, undervoltage delayed closing function, and residual voltage lockout closing function; The functions enabled for the ring network switch include: overcurrent protection, undervoltage tripping, voltage-delayed closing, residual voltage blocking closing, and communication interaction and processing functions for executing the first fault handling logic. The functions enabled for the terminal switch include: overcurrent protection and undervoltage tripping. The residual voltage blocking and closing function identifies the actual residual voltage of the line fault by monitoring the characteristic value of the voltage change rate, and distinguishes it from induced electrical interference.

5. The method for power distribution line fault isolation based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology according to claim 1, characterized in that, Communication between devices adopts the GOOSE communication protocol; the intermediate states include at least: the fault current detection flag uploaded by the neighboring switch before the communication interruption, the overcurrent timing status of the local switch, and the boundary judgment status.

6. The method for fault isolation of power distribution lines based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first fault handling logic executes the following steps: In response to a fault in the power distribution line, the ring network switch sends its own fault current detection flag to its neighboring switches via the GOOSE communication protocol. Boundary determination is performed based on the flags of itself and neighboring switches. If it is determined that it is a fault boundary switch, the circuit breaker is tripped, or the remaining boundary is identified based on the intermediate state and then the circuit breaker is tripped. If a communication anomaly occurs before the distributed boundary judgment is completed, the currently obtained fault detection flag, overcurrent timing status, and boundary judgment status constitute the intermediate state.

7. The method for power distribution line fault isolation based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second fault handling logic executes the following steps: In the event of a communication failure, if the inherited initial offset has reached the preset action time limit, the circuit breaker will be directly tripped to isolate the fault. If the initial offset does not reach the preset action time limit, then the closing test will be performed sequentially according to the compensated stepped delay. If the circuit breaker is closed at the fault point, the overcurrent protection will trip and trigger the residual voltage lockout state.

8. The method for power distribution line fault isolation based on adaptive switch attributes and network topology according to claim 1, characterized in that, After completing fault isolation, the ring network switch in the switch attributes will automatically close the circuit to restore power supply to the healthy area if it detects that the power supply voltage on one side has recovered and reached the preset delay.

9. A power distribution line fault isolation device that adapts to switch attributes and network topology, characterized in that, include: The network topology analysis and attribute configuration module is used to configure predefined switch attributes for switches in the power distribution line according to the actual connection relationship of the power distribution line, and to put into operation the corresponding local protection and control function combination for each switch according to the configured switch attributes. The switch attributes include at least the first switch, the ring network switch and the end switch. The neighborhood relationship establishment and communication configuration module is used to assign an independent device identifier to each ring network switch and associate and bind the device identifiers of each ring network switch with one or more neighboring switches based on the current network topology. A dual-mode fault handling logic deployment module is used to simultaneously deploy a first fault handling logic and a second fault handling logic in the ring network switch. The first fault handling logic is a distributed fault handling logic based on real-time communication between devices, and the second fault handling logic is a local voltage-time fault handling logic that does not depend on communication between devices. The logical coordination switching module is used to continuously monitor the communication status between the ring network switch and its neighboring switches. When the communication status is determined to change from normal to abnormal, the logical coordination switching process is executed: historical GOOSE messages and local sampling information within a preset time before the communication interruption time are obtained. If it is determined that the current state is in the fault initiation state, the intermediate state of the fault determination of the first fault handling logic at the time of interruption is extracted, and the action timing parameters of the second fault handling logic are compensated in real time according to the intermediate state, so that the second fault handling logic inherits the determination progress of the first fault handling logic and executes subsequent isolation actions.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The memory, the processor, and the computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the computer program to implement the power distribution line fault isolation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

Images