Wide dynamic range simulation charging device and method based on pulse frequency division regulation and control

Abstract

The invention discloses a wide dynamic range simulation charging device and method based on pulse frequency division regulation, and relates to the field of space gravitational wave detection and precise physical experiments, the device comprises a mechanical shielding module, a light source driving module, a feedback monitoring module and a main control module; the main control module determines a pulse frequency division regulation mode based on the target charging rate, determines a pulse density parameter according to the pulse frequency division regulation mode, and determines a phase parameter based on the external synchronization signal to generate a modulation signal; the light source driving module drives ultraviolet light emission according to the modulation signal; the feedback monitoring module monitors and feeds back light intensity; and the main control module corrects the parameter according to the feedback closed loop and updates the modulation signal. The problem that extremely low power stability, wide dynamic range and high-precision synchronization cannot be considered at the same time is solved, and a high-fidelity test platform is provided for ground verification of the space charge management system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of space gravitational wave detection and precision physics experiments, and in particular to a wide dynamic range simulation charging device and method based on pulse frequency division control for simulating and verifying the on-orbit charging process of mass on the ground. In particular, it relates to a precision optoelectronic simulation device and method that uses ultraviolet light-emitting diodes to achieve wide dynamic range adjustment from extremely low to high power. Background Technology

[0002] In space-based gravitational wave detection missions, the test mass (TM), serving as an inertial reference, directly determines the detection accuracy due to its electrically neutral state. The test mass is freely suspended in space, subject only to gravity, and its motion conforms to high-precision free-fall motion. However, galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and solar energetic particles (SEP) in the space environment can penetrate the spacecraft, causing the test mass to continuously accumulate charge. This charged test mass introduces additional Lorentz and electrostatic forces, leading to acceleration noise and severely impacting inertial measurement accuracy. Therefore, charge management of the test mass is a crucial aspect of space-based gravitational wave detection missions.

[0003] However, ground-based simulation devices in related technologies have significant shortcomings when simultaneously meeting the following three performance requirements: First, when simulating extremely weak charging caused by cosmic rays, traditional pulse modulation methods struggle to achieve stable, linear output of pW-level optical power; second, their single drive mode cannot cover the wide dynamic range of optical power required for simulating weak charging to simulating violent high-energy solar particle events, spanning several orders of magnitude; third, to achieve precise management (charging or discharging) of the charge state of the test mass, the light source drive and the external high-voltage control signal need to maintain microsecond-level high-precision phase synchronization, and traditional devices have limited control capabilities in this regard.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a wide dynamic range simulation charging method based on pulse frequency division control to solve the problem that it is impossible to simultaneously meet the requirements of extremely low power stability, wide dynamic range and high-precision phase synchronization, thereby improving the fidelity and reliability of ground simulation experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a wide dynamic range analog charging device and method based on pulse frequency division control, which can achieve wide dynamic range adjustment through a single light source and maintain output linearity and stability at extremely low power.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control, including: a mechanical shielding module, a light source driving module, a feedback monitoring module, and a main control module; The main control module is connected to both the light source drive module and the feedback monitoring module; the mechanical shielding module is connected to the light source drive module. The mechanical shielding module is used to provide an electromagnetic shielding and optical isolation environment, emits pulsed ultraviolet light and reflects part of the pulsed ultraviolet light to the feedback monitoring module; The feedback monitoring module is used to monitor the light intensity signal of some pulsed ultraviolet light reflected by the mechanical shielding module, convert the light intensity signal into a voltage signal and feed it back to the main control module; The main control module, upon receiving a user-input start command, determines a pulse frequency division control mode based on the target charging rate, determines a pulse density parameter based on the pulse frequency division control mode, and determines a phase parameter based on an external synchronization signal. It then generates a modulation signal based on the pulse density parameter and the phase parameter and sends it to the light source drive module. Upon receiving the voltage signal, it corrects the pulse density parameter based on the voltage signal and the target optical power to update the modulation signal, and sends the updated modulation signal to the light source drive module until the simulation termination condition is met. The simulation termination condition includes receiving a stop command or the charge amount of the photoemitter's test quality reaching a preset charge amount threshold. The pulse frequency division control mode includes PWM dimming mode and frequency division dimming mode. The external synchronization signal is a high-frequency injection voltage signal from the photoemitter's electrode plate, used to modulate the potential of the photoemitter's test quality. The phase parameter controls the phase difference between the modulation signal and the external synchronization signal to control the photoelectron migration direction. The light source driving module is used to drive the mechanical shielding module to emit pulsed ultraviolet light according to the received modulation signal, which irradiates the surface of the photoelectron in the external vacuum environment to excite photoelectrons, and to control the migration direction of the photoelectrons to realize the simulation control of the charging and discharging state of the inspection quality of the photoelectron; the photoelectron includes an inspection quality and an electrode plate.

[0007] Secondly, this application provides a wide dynamic range analog charging method based on pulse frequency division control, comprising: Upon receiving the user's start command, the main control module obtains the target average driving current and target optical power based on the target charging rate and through a preset photoelectric charging and discharging transmission control model. The pulse frequency division modulation mode is determined based on the target optical power, and the pulse density parameter is determined according to the pulse frequency division modulation mode; the pulse frequency division modulation mode includes PWM dimming mode and frequency division dimming mode; The phase parameter is determined based on the external synchronization signal, and a modulation signal is generated based on the pulse density parameter and the phase parameter. The modulation signal controls the density of the pulsed ultraviolet light based on the pulse density parameter and controls the emission timing of the pulsed ultraviolet light based on the phase parameter, so as to control the migration direction of photoelectrons. The light source driving module is driven to emit pulsed ultraviolet light according to the modulation signal, and the voltage signal corresponding to the light intensity signal of the partially reflected pulsed ultraviolet light collected by the feedback monitoring module is received. Upon receiving the voltage signal, the pulse density correction amount is calculated using a proportional-integral-differential algorithm based on the voltage signal and the target optical power, and the pulse density parameter is corrected using the pulse density correction amount to update the modulation signal. The light source driving module is re-driven to emit pulsed ultraviolet light based on the updated modulation signal until the simulation end condition is met, at which point the simulation control of the charge and discharge state of the photoelectric emitter is stopped; the simulation end condition includes receiving a stop command or the charge amount of the photoelectric emitter's inspection quality reaching a preset charge amount threshold.

[0008] Thirdly, this application provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the wide dynamic range analog charging method based on pulse frequency division control as described above.

[0009] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects: This application provides a wide dynamic range simulated charging device and method based on pulse frequency division control. The main control module determines the pulse density parameter based on the target charging rate and the phase parameter based on an external synchronization signal. A modulation signal is then generated based on these two parameters to control the light source emission, achieving wide dynamic range and linear adjustment of optical power from pW to mW levels within a single device. In particular, by adjusting the pulse density parameter instead of the traditional single duty cycle adjustment, the ultraviolet light source can still operate in a stable linear region at extremely low power, thus solving the problem of unstable pW-level optical power output. By receiving the light intensity signal from the feedback monitoring module and using it to perform closed-loop correction of the pulse density parameter, long-term stability and anti-interference of the output optical power are achieved, enhancing the reliability and repeatability of the simulation process. Simultaneously, by determining the phase parameter based on the external synchronization signal and using this parameter to control the emission time of the ultraviolet light pulse, ensuring strict synchronization with the external high-voltage control signal, precise control of the photoelectron migration direction is achieved. This enables high-fidelity simulation of the charging or discharging process of the test quality in ground experiments, solving the problems of insufficient phase synchronization accuracy and inability to simulate bidirectional charge management in traditional devices. This device provides a high-precision, high-stability, and wide dynamic range ground simulation test platform for the design and verification of charge management systems for missions such as space gravitational wave detection. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 A system principle block diagram of a wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A waveform timing diagram illustrating the regulation of a wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A test diagram of the linearity of wide-range optical power output achieved by applying frequency division control technology to a wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This application provides an embodiment of a wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control, which simulates the test quality potential change curve under different drive currents. Figure 5 A potential change curve of a wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control provided in an embodiment of this application, simulating a fast charging process; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0013] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control is provided, including: a mechanical shielding module, a light source driving module, a feedback monitoring module, and a main control module.

[0015] The main control module is connected to the light source driving module and the feedback monitoring module respectively; the mechanical shielding module is connected to the light source driving module.

[0016] The mechanical shielding module provides electromagnetic shielding and optical isolation, emits pulsed ultraviolet light, and reflects a portion of the pulsed ultraviolet light to the feedback monitoring module.

[0017] The feedback monitoring module is used to monitor the light intensity signal of some pulsed ultraviolet light reflected by the mechanical shielding module, convert the light intensity signal into a voltage signal and feed it back to the main control module.

[0018] The main control module, upon receiving a user-input start command, determines a pulse frequency division control mode based on the target charging rate, determines a pulse density parameter based on the pulse frequency division control mode, and determines a phase parameter based on an external synchronization signal. It then generates a modulation signal based on the pulse density parameter and the phase parameter and sends it to the light source driving module. Upon receiving the voltage signal, it corrects the pulse density parameter based on the voltage signal and the target optical power to update the modulation signal and sends the updated modulation signal to the light source driving module until the simulation termination condition is met. The simulation termination condition includes receiving a stop command or the charge amount of the photoemitter's test quality reaching a preset charge amount threshold. The pulse frequency division control mode includes PWM dimming mode and frequency division dimming mode. The external synchronization signal is a high-frequency injection voltage signal from the photoemitter's electrode plate, used to modulate the potential of the photoemitter's test quality. The phase parameter controls the phase difference between the modulation signal and the external synchronization signal to control the photoelectron migration direction.

[0019] The light source driving module is used to drive the mechanical shielding module to emit pulsed ultraviolet light according to the received modulation signal, which irradiates the surface of the photoelectron in the external vacuum environment to excite photoelectrons, and to control the migration direction of the photoelectrons to realize the simulation control of the charging and discharging state of the inspection quality of the photoelectron; the photoelectron includes an inspection quality and an electrode plate.

[0020] As an optional implementation, the mechanical shielding module specifically includes: The electromagnetic shielding housing, the optical anechoic chamber located within the housing, and the fiber optic coupling interface.

[0021] The inner surface of the optical darkroom is constructed as a light reflection cavity and is equipped with an optical fiber coupling interface.

[0022] An ultraviolet light-emitting diode is installed inside the light reflection cavity; the ultraviolet light-emitting diode is connected to the light source driving module and is used to drive the emission of pulsed ultraviolet light according to the received modulation signal.

[0023] The fiber optic coupling interface is located on the output optical path of the pulsed ultraviolet light in the optical darkroom, and is used to couple and emit the pulsed ultraviolet light to the surface of a photoelectric emitter in the external vacuum environment.

[0024] As an optional implementation, the light source driving module includes a constant current source circuit and a high-speed analog switch.

[0025] The constant current source circuit is used to provide a reference value for the conduction current of the ultraviolet light-emitting diode.

[0026] The input terminal of the high-speed analog switch is connected to the constant current source circuit, the output terminal is connected to the ultraviolet light-emitting diode, and the control terminal is connected to the main control module. It is used to control the current output of the constant current source circuit to the ultraviolet light-emitting diode according to the modulation signal. The modulation signal is used to instruct the light source driving module to emit ultraviolet light pulses at a time determined by the phase parameter, according to a sequence determined by the pulse density parameter.

[0027] As an optional implementation, the feedback monitoring module includes a photodetector disposed within the light reflection cavity and a signal conditioning circuit connected to the photodetector.

[0028] The photodetector is used to collect the light intensity signal of a portion of the pulsed ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet light-emitting diode and reflected by the light reflection cavity in real time, and convert the light intensity signal into a corresponding electrical signal.

[0029] The signal conditioning circuit is used to convert the electrical signal into a voltage signal and feed the voltage signal back to the main control module.

[0030] As an optional implementation, the main control module includes a microprocessor and a logic control unit. A collaborative architecture of "Microprocessor (MCU) + Logic Control Unit (FPGA)" is adopted, where the microprocessor is responsible for system management and data processing, and the logic control unit is responsible for generating high-precision modulation signals and handling synchronization logic. The logic control unit (FPGA) integrates a phase synchronization unit and a phase register. The phase synchronization unit monitors external synchronization signals (such as the high-frequency injection voltage signal of the photoemitter electrode plate) in real time, captures its zero-crossing point or rising edge, and calculates the delay required for pulse emission based on user-defined phase parameters; this delay is stored in the phase register. The logic control unit reads the value of the phase register and precisely controls the output timing of the modulation signal relative to the external synchronization signal, thereby determining whether the ultraviolet light pulse is emitted in the accelerating or decelerating phase of the external electric field, thus controlling the direction of photoelectron migration.

[0031] The microprocessor is connected to the logic control unit and the feedback monitoring module respectively, and is used to calculate the target average driving current and the target optical power according to the target charging rate when receiving the start command input by the user; and to calculate the pulse density correction amount according to the voltage signal and the target optical power using the proportional-integral-differential algorithm when receiving the voltage signal.

[0032] The logic control unit is used to determine the pulse density parameter based on the target average drive current, determine the phase parameter based on the external synchronization signal, and generate the modulation signal to send to the light source drive module; correct the pulse density parameter based on the pulse density correction amount to update the modulation signal, and send the updated modulation signal to the light source drive module.

[0033] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a pulse-frequency division-based wide dynamic range analog charging method for the aforementioned pulse-frequency division-based wide dynamic range analog charging device. The solution provided by this method is similar to the solution described above. Therefore, the specific limitations in one or more embodiments of the pulse-frequency division-based wide dynamic range analog charging method provided below can be found in the limitations of the pulse-frequency division-based wide dynamic range analog charging device described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0034] In one exemplary embodiment, a wide dynamic range analog charging method based on pulse frequency division control is provided, comprising: Step 1: Upon receiving the start command input by the user, the main control module obtains the target average driving current and target optical power based on the target charging rate and through a preset photoelectric charging and discharging transmission control model.

[0035] As an optional implementation method, step 1 specifically includes: Based on the target charging rate, and according to the preset photoelectric charge-discharge transmission control model in the main control module (used to establish the mapping relationship between the driving current and the test quality charging rate; the model is constructed based on the photoelectric effect and system transmission loss), the target average driving current is obtained by inverse solution using the following formula: .

[0036] in, Indicates the target charging rate (unit: e / s); Indicates the target average drive current; It represents the light conversion coefficient, which characterizes the linear conversion from current to optical power; Indicates the fiber coupling coefficient; Indicates the fiber optic transmission coefficient; Indicates the feedthrough coupling coefficient; This represents the energy of a single ultraviolet photon. h is Planck's constant. The photon frequency of ultraviolet light; The surface absorption coefficient represents the inspection quality of the photoelectric emitter; Represents the quantum yield coefficient; This represents the electric field modulation coefficient.

[0037] The target optical power is calculated based on the target average driving current and the light emission conversion coefficient.

[0038] Step 2: Determine the pulse frequency division control mode based on the target optical power, and determine the pulse density parameter according to the pulse frequency division control mode; the pulse frequency division control mode includes PWM dimming mode and frequency division dimming mode.

[0039] If the PWM duty cycle corresponding to the target optical power is greater than or equal to the preset hardware response threshold, then the PWM dimming mode is entered; the PWM dimming mode includes determining the pulse density parameter based on the target average drive current; the modulation signal controls the density of the pulsed ultraviolet light according to the pulse density parameter, and controls the emission timing of the pulsed ultraviolet light according to the phase parameter, so as to control the migration direction of photoelectrons.

[0040] If the PWM duty cycle corresponding to the target optical power is less than the preset hardware response threshold, then the frequency division dimming mode is entered; the frequency division dimming mode includes determining the pulse density parameter according to the frequency division coefficient.

[0041] In frequency division dimming mode, set the reference PWM pulse width. To determine the minimum time (e.g., 1 μs) required for a UV-LED to conduct stably, calculate the required frequency division factor. : .

[0042] in, Indicates the target duty cycle; the logic control unit calculates... The value is used to extract pulses from the base frequency PWM signal and output discrete optical pulse sequences. While maintaining the stability of single pulse energy, the average optical power within the integration time is greatly reduced, achieving pW-level output.

[0043] Furthermore, the logic control unit employs a "pulse decimation and frequency division" modulation strategy to achieve the target average drive current. Extremely low output values: When the PWM duty cycle corresponding to the target optical power is lower than the preset hardware response threshold (e.g., 1%), the logic control unit keeps the single pulse width of the PWM base frequency signal unchanged, so that the light-emitting diode (LED) works in a stable linear conduction region. By periodically "extracting" or blocking part of the pulse in the original PWM signal, the effective pulse density per unit time is reduced.

[0044] At this point, the equivalent duty cycle after frequency division Duty cycle of base frequency PWM The relationship is: .

[0045] in, The frequency division factor indicates that after each valid PWM pulse is output, subsequent pulses are forcibly disabled. The pulse output per cycle; by adjusting The value is used to control the average drive current. Large dynamic range adjustment.

[0046] Step 3: Determine the phase parameter based on the external synchronization signal, and generate a modulation signal based on the pulse density parameter and the phase parameter; the modulation signal controls the density of the pulsed ultraviolet light based on the pulse density parameter and controls the emission timing of the pulsed ultraviolet light based on the phase parameter, so as to control the migration direction of photoelectrons.

[0047] In another exemplary embodiment of this application, determining the phase parameter based on an external synchronization signal specifically includes: The logic control unit calculates the potential of the tested mass based on an external synchronization signal (such as the high-frequency injected voltage signal from the inertial sensor plates) using the following formula: .

[0048] in, The potential representing the test mass of the photoelectric emitter at time t; The charge amount representing the test mass of the photoelectric emitter at time t; Indicates the total capacitance; This represents the coupling capacitance between the electrode of the photoelectric emitter and the quality of the inspection. The voltage representing the external synchronization signal; This indicates the frequency of the external synchronization signal.

[0049] The target emission time of the ultraviolet light pulse is determined based on the potential of the photoelectric emitter's test quality.

[0050] The logic control unit monitors the zero-crossing point or rising edge of the external synchronization signal in real time, and calculates the difference between the target transmission time and the time corresponding to the zero-crossing point or rising edge to obtain the time delay.

[0051] The time delay is converted into a phase register value inside the logic control unit, and the phase register value is used as a phase parameter.

[0052] The logic control unit adjusts the generated PWM drive signal and the externally injected voltage signal by setting a delay through an internal phase register. The phase difference between them ensures that the ultraviolet light pulse is emitted at a specific potential phase, thereby controlling the flow of photoelectrons.

[0053] The main control module adjusts the output timing of the modulation signal relative to the external synchronization signal by setting a delay through an internal phase register, thereby controlling the phase difference. When the phase difference is in phase, the ultraviolet light pulse is emitted when the potential of the test mass is positive, and photoelectrons flow towards the test mass under the influence of the electric field, achieving charging. When the phase difference is out of phase, the ultraviolet light pulse is emitted when the potential of the test mass is negative, and photoelectrons flow out of the test mass under the influence of the electric field, achieving discharging.

[0054] Step 4: Drive the light source driving module to emit pulsed ultraviolet light according to the modulation signal, and receive the voltage signal corresponding to the light intensity signal of the partially reflected pulsed ultraviolet light collected by the feedback monitoring module.

[0055] Step 5: Upon receiving the voltage signal, calculate the pulse density correction amount using a proportional-integral-differential algorithm based on the voltage signal and the target optical power, and then correct the pulse density parameters using the pulse density correction amount to update the modulation signal. The specific steps are as follows: 1. Data Acquisition and Conversion: The main control module reads the voltage signal output by the feedback monitoring module through the ADC interface. Based on the pre-calibrated "optical power-voltage" stored in the memory... The relationship curve or fitting formula is used to convert the voltage signal into a "relationship curve" or fit formula. Converted to the current measured optical power value .

[0056] 2. Error Calculation: Calculate the target optical power. Compared with measured optical power Deviation value between ,Right now .

[0057] 3. PID calculation: Calculate the deviation value Input to the PID controller, according to the formula Calculate control quantity .in, , , These are the proportional coefficient, integral coefficient, and differential coefficient, respectively.

[0058] 4. Parameter correction and update: control quantity This is the correction amount for the pulse density parameters (e.g., the adjustment step size of the frequency division coefficient or the increment of the PWM duty cycle). The main control module adds the correction amount to the current pulse density parameters. The updated pulse density parameters are obtained and sent to the logic control unit, thereby adjusting the modulation signal output for the next cycle so that the measured optical power approaches the target value.

[0059] The feedback monitoring module collects the light intensity signal in the optical reflection cavity in real time and converts it into a voltage signal; the main control module reads the feedback voltage, corrects the pulse density parameter according to the calibrated optical power-voltage relationship curve, eliminates device temperature drift and nonlinear error, and realizes closed-loop stable light.

[0060] Step 6: Based on the updated modulation signal, re-drive the light source driving module to emit pulsed ultraviolet light until the simulation end condition is met, and stop the simulation control of the charge and discharge state of the photoelectric emitter's inspection quality; the simulation end condition includes receiving a stop command or the charge amount of the photoelectric emitter's inspection quality reaching a preset charge amount threshold.

[0061] The logic control unit monitors the zero-crossing point or rising edge of the external synchronization signal in real time. Based on the preset phase difference command (in-phase or out-of-phase), it precisely delays the output time of the PWM signal to ensure that the photoelectrons migrate in the predetermined electric field direction, thereby realizing the charging or discharging control of the inspection quality.

[0062] Understanding the on-orbit charging and discharging patterns of the test mass and being able to simulate its charging and discharging process on the ground is of great significance for the design and evaluation of space charge management systems. Current ground-based simulation experiments mostly use ultraviolet light sources to irradiate the test mass or electrodes, utilizing the electron flow generated by the photoelectric effect to simulate the charging and discharging effects of high-energy particles in space. However, existing ground-based simulated charging devices face significant technical challenges in light source driving and control, mainly in the following aspects: (1) The contradiction between extremely low power output and stability: In order to simulate the slow charging process caused by GCR (charging rate is about tens of e / s), the ultraviolet light source needs to output extremely low optical power (pW level). When using the traditional pulse width modulation (PWM) technology, an extremely low duty cycle (e.g., less than 1%) is required to reduce the optical power. Under high-frequency drive (e.g. 100kHz), the pulse width corresponding to the extremely low duty cycle is extremely narrow (e.g. 0.1μs). Due to the junction capacitance of the UV-LED and the response speed of the driving circuit, the LED cannot be fully turned on or off in such a short time, resulting in unstable light output, nonlinearity or even failure to emit light, making it difficult to achieve accurate simulation of small charging rates.

[0063] (2) Insufficient dynamic range: In addition to the slow charging caused by GCR, the fast charging triggered by the simulated SEP event (charging rate can reach 10) 4 e / s and above, even reaching 5×10 5 (e / s) requires a high power output in the mW range from the light source. Existing single drive modes are difficult to cover a wide dynamic range of adjustment from pW to mW (spanning 9-10 orders of magnitude).

[0064] (3) Phase synchronization accuracy requirements: During charge management, a high-frequency injection voltage (e.g., 100kHz) is usually applied to the plates around the test mass. In order to accurately control the direction of photoelectron flow and the final potential of the test mass, the driving signal of the UV-LED must be strictly phase synchronized with this injection voltage. Traditional light sources or general-purpose drivers often find it difficult to achieve microsecond-level high-precision phase control and delay adjustment.

[0065] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a photoelectric analog charging device and method that can achieve wide dynamic range adjustment through a single light source and maintain output linearity and stability at extremely low power.

[0066] This application provides a wide dynamic range photoelectric simulation charging device based on pulse decimation frequency division control. The device includes a mechanical shielding module, a light source driving module, a feedback monitoring module, and a main control module. The device utilizes a UV-LED as the light source, employing specific driving modulation technology to irradiate the inspection quality or electrode surface with ultraviolet light. When the ultraviolet light irradiates the metal surface, photoelectrons are excited according to the photoelectric effect. These photoelectrons migrate under the influence of an electric field, thereby changing the charge state of the inspection quality. Through closed-loop control of the optical power and phase synchronization, accurate simulation of a wide charging rate range of 16e / s to 500,000e / s is achieved.

[0067] The following example illustrates this application using a specific wide dynamic range simulated charging process based on pulse frequency division control.

[0068] In one exemplary embodiment, the wide dynamic range analog charging method based on pulse frequency division control specifically includes: Step S1: Drive signal generation and modulation.

[0069] The main control module calculates the required optical power parameters based on the set target charging rate. When it is necessary to simulate weak charging (such as in a GCR environment), the logic control unit starts the pulse decimation and frequency division mode. While keeping the base frequency PWM pulse width unchanged, it reduces the effective pulse density per unit time by periodically shielding part of the pulse output, thereby generating a drive signal with an extremely low equivalent duty cycle.

[0070] Step S2: Excitation with ultraviolet light source.

[0071] The light source driving module receives the aforementioned driving signal, controls the on / off state of the high-speed analog switch, and drives the constant current source circuit to provide a stable current pulse to the UV-LED. Under this driving force, the UV-LED emits deep ultraviolet light pulses with a center wavelength of approximately 255nm.

[0072] Step S3: Photoelectric emission.

[0073] Ultraviolet light is incident on the surface of the quality tester or electrode in a vacuum environment through optical fiber coupling or direct irradiation. According to the photoelectric effect, when the energy of the incident photon is greater than the work function of the material surface, electrons on the metal surface absorb the photon energy and overcome the surface potential barrier to escape, forming a photoelectron cloud.

[0074] Step S4: Charge transfer and phase synchronization.

[0075] The emitted photoelectrons move under the influence of the electric field formed between the inspection mass and the electrode. The main control module of the device receives an external high-frequency injection voltage signal (e.g., 100kHz) and ensures that the phase of the UV-LED's emission pulses is strictly synchronized with the phase of the injection voltage through an internal phase adjustment mechanism. By adjusting the phase difference (in-phase or out-of-phase), the device controls whether the photoelectrons flow to the inspection mass or the electrode, thereby achieving charging or discharging control of the inspection mass.

[0076] Step S5: Closed-loop feedback and steady-state control.

[0077] While emitting ultraviolet light, the internal photodetector collects the intensity of reflected light in the light reflection cavity in real time and converts it into a voltage signal, which is then fed back to the main control module. The main control module uses a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) algorithm to compare the feedback value with the target value, and fine-tunes the drive current or frequency division coefficient in real time to eliminate device temperature drift and nonlinear errors, ensuring long-term stable output of the charging rate.

[0078] In one exemplary embodiment, this application provides a wide dynamic range photoelectric analog charging device based on pulse decimation frequency division control, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device mainly consists of a mechanical shielding module, a light source driving module, a feedback monitoring module, and a main control module.

[0079] In terms of hardware structure, the main body of the device adopts a metal shell with electromagnetic shielding function, and an optical darkroom structure (light reflection cavity) is integrated inside the shell. The inner surface of the light reflection cavity is treated with a high reflectivity coating to improve the reflection efficiency of ultraviolet light. A deep ultraviolet LED light source (center wavelength approximately 255nm±5nm) and a high-sensitivity photodetector are installed inside the cavity. The main control module adopts a collaborative architecture of "microprocessor (MCU) + logic control unit (FPGA)". Among them, the MCU is responsible for upper computer data communication, task scheduling and closed-loop control algorithm calculation; the FPGA is responsible for the generation of nanosecond-level high-frequency drive signals and timing logic control.

[0080] To achieve high-precision circuit control, in a preferred embodiment, the light source driving module includes a high-precision constant current source circuit and a high-speed analog switch circuit. The constant current source circuit is constructed using a low-noise operational amplifier in conjunction with a high-resolution digital-to-analog converter (DAC) to provide a stable reference current; the analog switch uses a high-bandwidth, low-charge-injection switching chip to respond to the nanosecond-level pulse signal output by the logic control unit, ensuring waveform integrity at extremely low duty cycles.

[0081] In addition, such as Figure 1As shown, the device's hardware circuitry also includes the following functional modules to support the overall operation and interaction of the system: Power Step-down: Used for power management, converting externally input DC power (such as 24V or 12V) into low-voltage power (such as 5V, 3.3V, 1.2V, etc.) required by various system chips, providing stable operating voltages for the microprocessor, FPGA, and constant current source circuits. Communication Interface (RS422 / UART): Used for command interaction between the main control module and the host computer. The UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter) handles data transmission within the microprocessor, while the RS422 interface chip converts signals into differential signals for long-distance transmission. Human-Machine Interface (LCD / SPI): The LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) connects to the microprocessor via SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) to display the current operating mode and parameters in real time. ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) sampling circuit: Used to connect the feedback monitoring module and the microprocessor, converting analog voltage signals into digital signals for PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) calculations. Transistor current amplifier circuit: Located in the constant current source circuit of the light source driver module, it amplifies the current through a transistor to ensure sufficient current to drive the ultraviolet LED (Light-Emitting Diode).

[0082] Regarding parameter settings, to meet the simulation requirements of different charging rates, the device's operating parameters need to be dynamically configured according to the target optical power. For example, when simulating slow charging caused by GCR (galactic cosmic rays), an extremely low optical power in the pW range is required, at which point the device enters frequency division control mode; when simulating fast charging caused by SEP (solar high-energy particles), a high optical power in the mW range is required, at which point the device enters PWM mode. Furthermore, to match the working environment of the inertial sensor, the device receives an externally input synchronization signal (e.g., 100kHz) and sets the corresponding phase delay parameters.

[0083] The specific working process of the device in this embodiment is as follows: (1) Drive signal generation and modulation: The main control module first calculates the required drive parameters based on the target charging rate set by the host computer (the range can cover 16e / s to 500000e / s). The logic control unit (FPGA) generates the drive signal after receiving the parameters. When the target optical power is extremely low (e.g., the duty cycle requirement is less than 1%), the FPGA starts the pulse decimation frequency division strategy: keeping the single pulse width of the PWM base frequency signal unchanged (e.g., keeping it at a microsecond-level pulse width that can stably turn on the LED).

[0084] like Figure 2 As shown, by periodically blocking part of the pulse output (for example, forcibly shutting it off after each pulse output), (each cycle) reduces the effective pulse density per unit time, thereby generating a drive signal with an equivalent duty cycle of extremely low.

[0085] (2) Ultraviolet light source excitation: The high-speed analog switch in the light source driving module receives the driving signal generated by the FPGA and controls the switching on and off of the circuit. The constant current source circuit provides a stable set current to the UV-LED at the moment of conduction. Under the action of the driving pulse, the UV-LED emits a deep ultraviolet light pulse with a center wavelength of approximately 255nm. Due to the adoption of a frequency division strategy, even at extremely low average power, the LED still operates in a stable linear region during a single emission process, avoiding the problem of response lag or unstable emission caused by excessively narrow pulse width.

[0086] (3) Photoelectric emission and feedback: Ultraviolet light is output through an optical fiber coupling interface and irradiates the surface of the test quality or electrode plate in a vacuum environment. According to the photoelectric effect, when the energy of the incident photon is greater than the work function of the material surface, electrons on the metal surface absorb the photon energy and escape. At the same time, the photodetector inside the device collects the intensity of the reflected light in the optical reflection cavity in real time and converts it into a voltage signal to be fed back to the main control module. The main control module uses a PID algorithm to compare the feedback value with the target value, and finely adjusts the drive current or frequency division coefficient in real time to eliminate device temperature drift and nonlinear errors, ensuring the long-term stability of optical power output.

[0087] (4) Charge migration and phase synchronization: The emitted photoelectrons move under the influence of the electric field formed between the test mass and the electrode. To simulate a real on-orbit environment, a high-frequency injection voltage (e.g., 100kHz) is usually applied around the test mass. The device monitors the phase of the external injection voltage signal in real time through the phase adjustment mechanism inside the FPGA and precisely adjusts the output timing of the UV-LED emission pulse to ensure that the ultraviolet light pulse and the injection voltage are strictly phase synchronized (in phase or out of phase). In this way, the flow of photoelectrons to the test mass or to the electrode is precisely controlled, thereby achieving bidirectional regulation of the charge on the test mass.

[0088] Experimental results show that, Figure 3and Figure 4 As shown, the device designed in this application successfully achieved a minimum stable optical power output of 4pW using the aforementioned frequency division control method, with a maximum optical power reaching the mW level. Among these, Figure 3 The measurement was taken under the condition that the output current reference value of the constant current source circuit was set to 5mA, in order to verify the ability of pulse frequency division to regulate optical power under a specific drive current. Figure 4 This is a test graph illustrating the linearity of wide-range optical power output achieved using frequency division modulation technology, provided as an embodiment of this application, under the condition that the reference PWM duty cycle is fixed at 0.00999% (i.e., maintaining an extremely narrow pulse width). The horizontal axis in the graph... The vertical axis represents the effective pulse density (i.e., the reciprocal of the frequency division coefficient or the normalized equivalent duty cycle). This represents the measured average optical power (unit: pW). Figure 4 The figure shows the fitting formulas for different drive currents (4mA, 5mA, 8mA): ; ; The slope in the formula The photoelectric conversion efficiency gain under this driving current was characterized. The test results show the coefficient of determination. This indicates that the device maintains extremely high linearity even at very low power.

[0089] In ground-based simulation experiments, the device was able to accurately simulate an ultra-wide range of charging rates from 16 e / s (corresponding to GCR environment) to 500,000 e / s (corresponding to strong SEP environment), and maintained good linearity between optical power output and control parameters (coefficient of determination). This effectively solves the technical problem of unstable output of existing equipment at extremely low duty cycles.

[0090] like Figure 5 As shown, the potential change curves of a wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control are provided to simulate the fast charging process. According to... Figure 5 It can be seen that after starting simulated charging (corresponding to...) Figure 5 In the initial segment of the mid-time axis, the potential of the test mass shows a rapid upward trend over time. The curve exhibits an approximately linear growth characteristic (or, according to the actual graph, an exponential tendency towards saturation), indicating that in PWM dimming mode (high-power mode), the device can inject a stable high-throughput photoelectron flow into the test mass. This result verifies that the device possesses sufficient dynamic response capability and energy injection efficiency when simulating intense charging events such as solar high-energy particles (SEP), enabling the test mass to reach the preset potential threshold within a short time.

[0091] In summary, this application, through the collaborative design of mechanical, circuit, and control algorithms, particularly the application of pulse decimation frequency division technology, provides a high-precision, wide-range, and high-stability ground verification platform for the verification mass charge management system in space gravitational wave detection missions. It successfully solves the driving challenge of UV-LEDs at extremely low power, enabling a single device to simultaneously meet both weak GCR charging (~10e / s) and strong SEP charging (~10e / s). 5 The requirements of e / s simulation provide key equipment support for the ground verification of space gravitational wave detectors.

[0092] Therefore, this application has the following beneficial effects: (1) Stable output of extremely low power: By using the pulse decimation frequency division method, an extremely low equivalent duty cycle (as low as 0.0001%) is achieved without shortening the single pulse time (avoiding response lag), overcoming the nonlinearity problem of LED under nanosecond short pulses, and successfully achieving stable optical power output at the level of 4pW.

[0093] (2) Ultra-wide dynamic range: By adjusting the three-dimensional driving current (0-10mA), PWM duty cycle (0-100%) and frequency division coefficient (0-tens of thousands), the device achieves an ultra-wide charging rate simulation from 16e / s (simulated GCR) to 500000e / s (simulated strong SEP), and the dynamic range covers all the requirements of space gravitational wave detection.

[0094] (3) High-precision synchronization and anti-interference: The logic control based on FPGA realizes microsecond-level time response, ensuring precise phase synchronization between the ultraviolet light pulse and the voltage of the inertial sensor plate; combined with the mechanical shielding module, it effectively isolates ambient light and electromagnetic interference.

[0095] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows. Figure 6As shown, this computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores data related to the simulated charging process for quality inspection. The I / O interfaces are used for information exchange between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communication with external terminals via a network connection. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a wide dynamic range simulated charging method based on pulse frequency division control.

[0096] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 6 The structures shown are merely block diagrams of some structures related to the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than shown in the figures, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements. In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0097] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0098] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).

[0099] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0100] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0101] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control, characterized in that, include: Mechanical shielding module, light source driving module, feedback monitoring module, and main control module; The main control module is connected to both the light source drive module and the feedback monitoring module; the mechanical shielding module is connected to the light source drive module. The mechanical shielding module is used to provide an electromagnetic shielding and optical isolation environment, emits pulsed ultraviolet light and reflects part of the pulsed ultraviolet light to the feedback monitoring module; The feedback monitoring module is used to monitor the light intensity signal of some pulsed ultraviolet light reflected by the mechanical shielding module, convert the light intensity signal into a voltage signal and feed it back to the main control module; The main control module is used to determine the pulse frequency division control mode based on the target charging rate when it receives the start command input by the user, determine the pulse density parameter according to the pulse frequency division control mode, determine the phase parameter based on the external synchronization signal, generate a modulation signal according to the pulse density parameter and the phase parameter and send it to the light source driving module. Upon receiving the voltage signal, the pulse density parameter is corrected based on the voltage signal and the target optical power to update the modulation signal. The updated modulation signal is then sent to the light source driving module until the simulation termination condition is met. The simulation termination condition includes receiving a stop command or the charge amount of the photoelectroluminescence's test quality reaching a preset charge amount threshold. The pulse frequency division control mode includes PWM dimming mode and frequency division dimming mode. The external synchronization signal is a high-frequency injection voltage signal from the photoelectroluminescence's electrode plate, used to modulate the potential of the photoelectroluminescence's test quality. The phase parameter is used to control the phase difference between the modulation signal and the external synchronization signal to control the photoelectromagnetic migration direction. The light source driving module is used to drive the mechanical shielding module to emit pulsed ultraviolet light according to the received modulation signal, which irradiates the surface of the photoelectron in the external vacuum environment to excite photoelectrons, and to control the migration direction of the photoelectrons to realize the simulation control of the charging and discharging state of the inspection quality of the photoelectron; the photoelectron includes an inspection quality and an electrode plate.

2. The wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical shielding module includes: a housing with electromagnetic shielding function, an optical anechoic chamber located within the housing, and an optical fiber coupling interface; The inner surface of the optical darkroom is constructed as a light reflection cavity and is equipped with an optical fiber coupling interface; An ultraviolet light-emitting diode is installed inside the light reflection cavity; the ultraviolet light-emitting diode is connected to the light source driving module and is used to drive the emission of pulsed ultraviolet light according to the received modulation signal; The fiber optic coupling interface is located on the output optical path of the pulsed ultraviolet light in the optical darkroom, and is used to couple and emit the pulsed ultraviolet light to the surface of a photoelectric emitter in the external vacuum environment.

3. The wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control according to claim 2, characterized in that, The light source driving module includes a constant current source circuit and a high-speed analog switch; The constant current source circuit is used to provide a reference value for the conduction current of the ultraviolet light-emitting diode; The input terminal of the high-speed analog switch is connected to the constant current source circuit, the output terminal is connected to the ultraviolet light-emitting diode, and the control terminal is connected to the main control module. It is used to control the current output of the constant current source circuit to the ultraviolet light-emitting diode according to the modulation signal.

4. The wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feedback monitoring module includes a photodetector disposed in the light reflection cavity and a signal conditioning circuit connected to the photodetector; The photodetector is used to collect the light intensity signal of a portion of the pulsed ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet light-emitting diode and reflected by the light reflection cavity in real time, and convert the light intensity signal into a corresponding electrical signal; The signal conditioning circuit is used to convert the electrical signal into a voltage signal and feed the voltage signal back to the main control module.

5. The wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control module includes a microprocessor and a logic control unit; The microprocessor is connected to the logic control unit and the feedback monitoring module respectively, and is used to calculate the target average driving current and the target optical power according to the target charging rate when receiving the start command input by the user; and to calculate the pulse density correction amount according to the voltage signal and the target optical power using the proportional-integral-differential algorithm when receiving the voltage signal. The logic control unit is used to determine the pulse density parameter based on the target average drive current, determine the phase parameter based on the external synchronization signal, and generate the modulation signal to send to the light source drive module; correct the pulse density parameter based on the pulse density correction amount to update the modulation signal, and send the updated modulation signal to the light source drive module.

6. A wide dynamic range analog charging method based on pulse frequency division control, characterized in that, The wide dynamic range analog charging method based on pulse frequency division control is applied to the main control module of the wide dynamic range analog charging device based on pulse frequency division control according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the wide dynamic range analog charging method based on pulse frequency division control includes: Upon receiving the user's start command, the main control module obtains the target average driving current and target optical power based on the target charging rate and through a preset photoelectric charging and discharging transmission control model. The pulse frequency division modulation mode is determined based on the target optical power, and the pulse density parameter is determined according to the pulse frequency division modulation mode; the pulse frequency division modulation mode includes PWM dimming mode and frequency division dimming mode; The phase parameter is determined based on the external synchronization signal, and a modulation signal is generated based on the pulse density parameter and the phase parameter. The modulation signal controls the density of the pulsed ultraviolet light based on the pulse density parameter and controls the emission timing of the pulsed ultraviolet light based on the phase parameter, so as to control the migration direction of photoelectrons. The light source driving module is driven to emit pulsed ultraviolet light according to the modulation signal, and the voltage signal corresponding to the light intensity signal of the partially reflected pulsed ultraviolet light collected by the feedback monitoring module is received. Upon receiving the voltage signal, the pulse density correction amount is calculated using a proportional-integral-differential algorithm based on the voltage signal and the target optical power, and the pulse density parameter is corrected using the pulse density correction amount to update the modulation signal. The light source driving module is re-driven to emit pulsed ultraviolet light based on the updated modulation signal until the simulation end condition is met, at which point the simulation control of the charge and discharge state of the photoelectric emitter is stopped; the simulation end condition includes receiving a stop command or the charge amount of the photoelectric emitter's inspection quality reaching a preset charge amount threshold.

7. The wide dynamic range analog charging method based on pulse frequency division control according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the target charging rate, the target average driving current and target optical power are obtained through a preset photoelectric charge-discharge transmission control model, specifically including: Based on the target charging rate, and according to the preset photoelectric charge-discharge transmission control model, the target average driving current is obtained by inverse solving the following formula: ； in, Indicates the target charging rate; Indicates the target average drive current; Indicates the light emission conversion coefficient; Indicates the fiber coupling coefficient; Indicates the fiber optic transmission coefficient; Indicates the feedthrough coupling coefficient; This represents the energy of a single ultraviolet photon; The surface absorption coefficient represents the inspection quality of the photoelectric emitter; Represents the quantum yield coefficient; Indicates the electric field modulation coefficient; The target optical power is calculated based on the target average driving current and the light emission conversion coefficient.

8. The wide dynamic range analog charging method based on pulse frequency division control according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pulse frequency division modulation mode is determined based on the target optical power, and the pulse density parameter is determined based on the pulse frequency division modulation mode, specifically including: If the PWM duty cycle corresponding to the target optical power is greater than or equal to the preset hardware response threshold, then the PWM dimming mode is entered; the PWM dimming mode includes determining the pulse density parameter based on the target average drive current; If the PWM duty cycle corresponding to the target optical power is less than the preset hardware response threshold, then the frequency division dimming mode is entered; the frequency division dimming mode includes determining the pulse density parameter according to the frequency division coefficient.

9. The wide dynamic range analog charging method based on pulse frequency division control according to claim 6, characterized in that, The phase parameters are determined based on the external synchronization signal, specifically including: The logic control unit calculates the potential of the inspection quality based on the external synchronization signal using the following formula: ； in, The potential representing the test mass of the photoelectric emitter at time t; The charge amount representing the test mass of the photoelectric emitter at time t; Indicates the total capacitance; This represents the coupling capacitance between the electrode of the photoelectric emitter and the quality of the inspection. The voltage representing the external synchronization signal; Indicates the frequency of the external synchronization signal; The target emission time of the ultraviolet light pulse is determined based on the potential of the photoelectric emitter's test quality. The logic control unit monitors the zero-crossing point or rising edge of the external synchronization signal in real time, and calculates the difference between the target transmission time and the time corresponding to the zero-crossing point or rising edge to obtain the time delay. The time delay is converted into a phase register value inside the logic control unit, and the phase register value is used as a phase parameter.

10. A computer device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the wide dynamic range analog charging method based on pulse frequency division control as described in any one of claims 6-9.

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