Electrical isolation assembly and switching power supply

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrical isolation assembly and a switching power supply. The electrical isolation assembly comprises a first battery piece, a second battery piece and a switch module. The light receiving side of the second battery piece and the light emitting side of the first battery piece are oppositely arranged, the first battery piece is used for being connected with a first power module and converting a first electric signal output by the first power module into an optical signal, and the second battery piece is used for receiving the optical signal generated by the first battery piece; the optical signal is converted into a second electric signal; the second battery piece is connected between the control end and the second end of the switch module, and the first end and the second end of the switch module are used for connecting the second power supply module and the load; and the switch module is used for controlling the second power supply module to supply power to the load under the condition that the second electric signal is conducted. The electrical isolation assembly provided by the invention is beneficial to solving the problem of insufficient anti-radiation performance of an optical coupling isolation device in space application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical isolation technology, and more particularly to an electrical isolation component and a switching power supply. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical isolation is a key technology for ensuring the safety of circuit systems and reducing electromagnetic interference between different circuit modules. In space applications, to ensure the stable operation of aerospace equipment, isolated switching power supplies are required for electrical isolation to reduce interference between components.

[0003] In existing technologies, electrical isolation is mostly achieved through optocouplers. However, the space environment contains a large amount of high-energy charged particle radiation, which can cause displacement damage to optocouplers, leading to performance degradation and ultimately electrical isolation failure, thus affecting the operational safety of aerospace equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an electrical isolation component and a switching power supply to address the problem of insufficient radiation resistance in existing optocoupler isolation devices for space applications.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electrical isolation component, comprising: A first battery cell and a second battery cell are arranged opposite to each other, with the light-receiving side of the second battery cell facing the light-emitting side of the first battery cell. The first battery cell is used to connect to a first power module and convert a first electrical signal output by the first power module into an optical signal. The second battery cell is used to receive the optical signal generated by the first battery cell and convert the optical signal into a second electrical signal. A switching module is provided, wherein the second battery cell is connected between the control terminal and the second terminal of the switching module, and the first terminal and the second terminal of the switching module are used to connect the second power module and the load; the switching module is used to control the second power module to supply power to the load when the second electrical signal is turned on.

[0006] Optionally, the emission wavelength of the first solar cell is within the wavelength range of the light signal received by the second solar cell.

[0007] Optionally, the electrical isolation assembly further includes a transparent insulating structure for maintaining a preset distance between the first battery cell and the second battery cell, thereby fixing the first battery cell and the second battery cell.

[0008] Optionally, the transparent insulating structure includes: A transparent insulating dielectric layer is disposed between the first battery cell and the second battery cell, and the transparent insulating dielectric layer is bonded to both the first battery cell and the second battery cell; The thickness of the transparent insulating dielectric layer is positively correlated with the isolation voltage of the transparent insulating dielectric layer.

[0009] Optionally, the transparent insulating structure further includes: a closed outer shell, the closed outer shell forming a first cavity, the first battery cell and the second battery cell being disposed in the first cavity, and the first cavity being evacuated; The preset distance between the first and second battery cells is positively correlated with the isolation voltage of the transparent insulating structure.

[0010] Optionally, the electrical isolation component further includes a current-limiting resistor connected between the positive terminal of the first battery cell and the positive terminal of the first power module, the current-limiting resistor being used to limit the magnitude of the current flowing into the first battery cell.

[0011] Optionally, the electrical isolation assembly further includes: a pull-down resistor, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the switch module, and the first end of which is connected to the second terminal of the switch module.

[0012] Optionally, the total area of ​​the first battery cell is equal to the total area of ​​the second battery cell.

[0013] Optionally, the switching module includes a field-effect transistor (FET), the gate of which is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell, the source of which is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell, and the drain of which is connected to the load. Alternatively, the switching module includes a transistor, the base of which is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell, the emitter of which is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell, and the collector of which is connected to the load.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides a switching power supply, including the electrical isolation component described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] This invention, through its embodiment, arranges the light-receiving side of the second solar cell opposite to the light-emitting side of the first solar cell, ensuring that the second solar cell can accurately receive the light signal converted from the first electrical signal by the first solar cell. There is no direct electrical connection between the first and second solar cells; energy transmission is achieved solely through the light signal, thereby severing the electrical path between the first and second power modules and achieving electrical isolation. The first and second solar cells in this embodiment are space-grade solar cells, possessing excellent radiation resistance, thus solving the technical problem in existing technologies where ordinary optocouplers are susceptible to displacement damage and performance degradation due to high-energy charged particle radiation in space applications. Furthermore, the first and second solar cells in this embodiment are low-cost, addressing the issues of high cost and limited selection associated with radiation-resistant optocouplers in existing technologies. In summary, this invention significantly improves the radiation resistance of electrical isolation devices, possesses excellent adaptability to space environments, ensures the reliability of electrical isolation in space environments, guarantees the operational safety of aerospace equipment, and simultaneously reduces the cost of electrical isolation components, meeting the cost control requirements of commercial aerospace.

[0016] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical isolation component provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the emission wavelength of a first battery cell provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optical signal receiving wavelength range of a second battery cell provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical isolation component provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical isolation component provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical isolation component provided by the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of another electrical isolation component provided by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical isolation component provided by the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical isolation component provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical isolation component provided by the present invention. See also... Figure 1 The electrical isolation assembly 100 includes a first battery cell 110, a second battery cell 120, and a switch module 130. The light-receiving side of the second battery cell 120 is disposed opposite to the light-emitting side of the first battery cell 110. The first battery cell 110 is used to connect to the first power module 200 and convert the first electrical signal output by the first power module 200 into an optical signal. The second battery cell 120 is used to receive the optical signal generated by the first battery cell 110 and convert the optical signal into a second electrical signal. The second battery cell 120 is connected between the control terminal and the second terminal of the switch module 130. The first terminal and the second terminal of the switch module 130 are used to connect the second power module 300 and the load 400. The switch module 130 is used to control the second power module 300 to supply power to the load 400 when the second electrical signal is turned on.

[0022] In this system, the first power module 200 serves as the control-side power supply, and the first solar cell 110 is a light signal emitting device. When a voltage is applied across the first solar cell 110, it emits light under the excitation of an electric field. The first solar cell 110 is connected to the first power module 200, converting the electrical signal applied by the first power module 200 into a light signal. The second solar cell 120 is a light signal receiving device, with its light-receiving side opposite to the light-emitting side of the first solar cell 110, ensuring accurate reception of the light signal. The second solar cell 120 converts the light signal into a second electrical signal, which can drive the switch module 130 to conduct. The materials of the first solar cell 110 and the second solar cell 120 can be the same or different. For example, both the first solar cell 110 and the second solar cell 120 are solar cells, specifically triple-junction gallium arsenide solar cells.

[0023] Specifically, the power supply control process using the electrical isolation component 100 to achieve electrical isolation is as follows: the first power module 200 supplies power to the first battery cell 110, which converts the first electrical signal output by the first power module 200 into an optical signal; the second battery cell 120 receives the optical signal and converts it into a second electrical signal to drive the switch module 130 to conduct; after the switch module 130 conducts, the power supply path between the second power module 300 and the load 400 is established, enabling the second power module 300 to supply power to the load 400. If the first power module 200 is de-energized, no first electrical signal is generated, the first battery cell 110 stops generating optical signals, the second battery cell 120 also cannot generate second electrical signals, the switch module 130 is turned off, and the second power module 300 stops supplying power to the load 400.

[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, by aligning the light-receiving side of the second solar cell 120 with the light-emitting side of the first solar cell 110, the second solar cell 120 can accurately receive the light signal converted from the first electrical signal by the first solar cell 110. There is no direct electrical connection between the first solar cell 110 and the second solar cell 120; energy transmission is achieved solely through the light signal, thereby severing the electrical path between the first power module 200 and the second power module 300, achieving electrical isolation. In this embodiment, the first solar cell 110 and the second solar cell 120 are space-grade solar cells, possessing excellent radiation resistance. This solves the technical problem in existing technologies where ordinary optocouplers are susceptible to displacement damage and performance degradation due to high-energy charged particle radiation in space applications. Furthermore, the first solar cell 110 and the second solar cell 120 in this embodiment have lower costs, solving the problems of high cost and limited selection of radiation-resistant optocouplers in existing technologies. In summary, the embodiments of the present invention significantly improve the radiation resistance of electrical isolation devices, have good adaptability to space environments, ensure the reliability of electrical isolation in space environments, protect the operational safety of aerospace equipment, and reduce the cost of electrical isolation components 100, thus meeting the cost control requirements of commercial aerospace.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the emission wavelength of a first battery cell provided by the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the optical signal receiving wavelength range of a second solar cell provided by the present invention. See also... Figure 2 and Figure 3 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the emission wavelength of the first battery cell 110 is within the wavelength range of the light signal received by the second battery cell 120.

[0026] in, Figure 2 The horizontal axis represents the wavelength range of the optical signal when the first solar cell 110 converts the first electrical signal into an optical signal. Figure 2 The vertical axis represents relative intensity, indicating the light intensity of the light signal at the corresponding wavelength. P1 corresponds to a peak at a wavelength of 646.9 nm, representing that the light signal intensity emitted by the first solar cell 110 at this wavelength is relatively high. P2 corresponds to a peak at a wavelength of 886.8 nm, representing the main emission wavelength of the first solar cell 110, that is, the wavelength corresponding to the light signal with the highest intensity when the first solar cell 110 converts the first electrical signal into an optical signal. Figure 3 The horizontal axis represents the wavelength range of the optical signal received by the second solar cell 120. Figure 3The vertical axis represents the external quantum efficiency, indicating the conversion efficiency of the second solar cell 120 for optical signals of the corresponding wavelength, i.e., the conversion efficiency of optical signals into second electrical signals. The higher the external quantum efficiency, the better the conversion effect. S1, S2, and S3 represent the external quantum efficiency variation curves of different sublayers of the second solar cell 120 at corresponding wavelengths. It can be seen that... Figure 2 P1 falls in Figure 3 Within the wavelength range of the S1 and S2 curves, Figure 2 P2 falls in Figure 3 Within the wavelength range of curves S2 and S3, it is evident that each sublayer of the second solar cell 120 can effectively receive the optical signal from the first solar cell 110, ensuring that the optical signal can be efficiently received and converted into a second electrical signal, thus guaranteeing the transmission efficiency and reliability of the electrical isolation component 100.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the wavelength of the optical signal generated by the first battery cell 110 falls entirely within the receiving wavelength range of the second battery cell 120. This ensures that the optical signal generated by the first battery cell 110 can be efficiently and stably received by the second battery cell 120 and converted into a second electrical signal, avoiding optical signal loss or conversion failure due to wavelength mismatch, thereby ensuring the signal transmission efficiency and operational reliability of the electrical isolation component 100.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical isolation component provided by the present invention. See also... Figure 1 and Figure 4 Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the electrical isolation assembly 100 further includes a transparent insulating structure 140, which is used to maintain a preset distance between the first battery cell 110 and the second battery cell 120 and to fix the first battery cell 110 and the second battery cell 120.

[0029] The transparent insulating structure 140 possesses both transparency and insulation properties. Its transparency ensures that the light signal emitted by the first battery cell 110 can penetrate the structure and be received by the second battery cell 120, while its insulation prevents direct electrical connection between the first battery cell 110 and the second battery cell 120. In the figure, L1 represents the first lead wire, through which the first battery cell 110 and the first power module 200 are connected. L2 represents the second lead wire, through which the second battery cell 120 is connected between the control terminal and the second terminal of the switch module 130.

[0030] See also Figure 4Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the transparent insulating structure 140 includes: a transparent insulating dielectric layer 141 disposed between the first battery cell 110 and the second battery cell 120, wherein the transparent insulating dielectric layer 141 is bonded to both the first battery cell 110 and the second battery cell 120; the thickness of the transparent insulating dielectric layer 141 is positively correlated with the isolation voltage of the transparent insulating dielectric layer 141.

[0031] The transparent insulating dielectric layer 141 is bonded to both the first solar cell 110 and the second solar cell 120 to reduce air gaps and prevent light signal refraction, scattering, or reflection at the interface between the air and the transparent insulating dielectric layer 141, ensuring efficient light signal transmission. The isolation voltage refers to the highest voltage that the transparent insulating structure 140 can withstand without breakdown, and is also the maximum voltage difference between the first solar cell 110 and the second solar cell 120. The transparent insulating structure 140 can withstand the voltage difference between the first solar cell 110 and the second solar cell 120, preventing leakage, breakdown, and other faults, thereby achieving electrical isolation at the specified voltage level. The greater the thickness of the transparent insulating dielectric layer 141, the higher the isolation voltage level it can withstand. The transparent insulating dielectric layer 141 needs to have high light transmittance within the light signal receiving wavelength range of the second solar cell 120. For example, the transparent insulating dielectric layer 141 can be made of glass, and its thickness should be minimized while meeting the target isolation voltage level requirements to avoid reduced light transmittance due to excessive thickness.

[0032] The present invention, through the design of the transparent insulating dielectric layer 141, not only ensures the efficient transmission of optical signals, but also achieves customizable isolation voltage capability through thickness control, enabling the electrical isolation component 100 to adapt to different high-voltage scenarios.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical isolation component provided by the present invention. See also... Figure 5 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the transparent insulating structure 140 further includes: a closed shell 142, the closed shell 142 forming a first cavity Ho, the first battery cell 110 and the second battery cell 120 being disposed in the first cavity Ho, and the first cavity Ho being evacuated; the preset distance d1 between the first battery cell 110 and the second battery cell 120 is positively correlated with the isolation voltage of the transparent insulating structure 140.

[0034] In embodiments employing a closed outer shell 142, the transparent insulating dielectric layer 141 is no longer required, and a vacuum region exists between the first battery cell 110 and the second battery cell 120. The closed outer shell 142 is fitted to the first battery cell 110 and the second battery cell 120, enclosing them within an internal vacuum cavity. Since the vacuum itself serves as an insulating medium, the transparent insulating dielectric layer 141 can be omitted. The vacuum environment has high light transmittance and does not absorb or attenuate light signals, thus improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. The preset distance d1 between the first battery cell 110 and the second battery cell 120 is positively correlated with the isolation voltage of the transparent insulating structure 140; that is, the larger the preset distance d1, the higher the isolation voltage that the transparent insulating structure 140 can withstand. The vacuum's isolation withstand voltage capability is determined by the spacing between the two batteries; a larger spacing reduces the likelihood of electrical breakdown, resulting in a higher isolation voltage and thus meeting electrical isolation requirements.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical isolation component provided by the present invention. See also... Figure 6 Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the electrical isolation assembly 100 further includes a current-limiting resistor R1. The current-limiting resistor R1 is connected between the positive terminal of the first battery cell 110 and the positive terminal of the first power module 200, and is used to limit the amount of current flowing into the first battery cell 110.

[0036] The current-limiting resistor R1 limits the amount of current flowing into the first battery cell 110, thus preventing large currents from damaging the first battery cell 110.

[0037] See also Figure 6 Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the electrical isolation component 100 further includes a pull-down resistor R2. The first end of the pull-down resistor R2 is connected to the control terminal of the switch module 130, and the first end of the pull-down resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the switch module 130.

[0038] The pull-down resistor R2 can stably pull the potential of the control terminal of the switch module 130 to a low level when the second battery cell 120 does not output the second electrical signal, so as to prevent the switch module 130 from being falsely turned on due to interference, thereby ensuring that the switch module 130 only turns on when it receives a valid drive signal, improving the reliability and anti-interference capability of the component.

[0039] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the total area of ​​the first battery cell 110 and the total area of ​​the second battery cell 120 are equal.

[0040] To accommodate the different turn-on voltage requirements of various switch modules 130, multiple second solar cells 120 can be connected in series. The total area of ​​the first solar cell 110 is equal to the sum of the total areas of the multiple series-connected second solar cells 120, ensuring that each second solar cell 120 receives uniform illumination. This structure reduces the turn-on voltage requirement of the switch module 130, allowing the selection of a switch module 130 with high turn-on voltage and low on-resistance, thus achieving high-current switching control.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical isolation component provided by the present invention. See also... Figure 7 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the switching module 130 includes a field-effect transistor, the gate of which is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell 120, the source of which is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell 120, and the drain of which is connected to the load 400.

[0042] In this system, after the second solar cell 120 receives the optical signal and converts it into a second electrical signal, a driving voltage is generated between the positive and negative terminals of the second solar cell 120. This voltage is directly applied between the gate and source of the field-effect transistor (FET) to control its on / off state. When an optical signal is input, the second solar cell 120 outputs the second electrical signal, the gate-source voltage meets the conduction condition, the FET conducts, and current flows through the drain to the load 400, thus controlling the power supply to the load 400. When no optical signal is input, the second solar cell 120 does not output the second electrical signal, the FET remains off, and the power supply circuit to the load 400 is disconnected. The FET is selected as a radiation-resistant device, offering a wide selection range and low cost. The parameters of the FET must match the second electrical signal output by the second solar cell 120 to ensure that the second solar cell 120 can conduct fully when normally outputting the second electrical signal.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical isolation component provided by the present invention. See also... Figure 8 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the switching module 130 includes a transistor, the base of which is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell 120, the emitter of which is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell 120, and the collector of which is connected to the load 400.

[0044] In some applications requiring proportional current control, the current flowing through the first battery cell 110 must be proportional to the control current output by the second battery cell 120. In this case, the switching module 130 can be replaced with a transistor instead of a field-effect transistor to meet this proportional control requirement. A transistor is a device that controls a large current with a small current. When using a transistor, the first battery cell 110 emits light using the input current, and the light intensity of the first battery cell 110 changes linearly with the current flowing through it. The current generated by the second battery cell 120 is proportional to the light intensity of the first battery cell 110. Therefore, the output current of the second battery cell 120 is proportional to the output current of the first power module 200. When the transistor operates in the linear region, its collector-emitter current and base-emitter current maintain a fixed proportional relationship, thus making the collector current flowing through the load 400 proportional to the output current of the first power module 200, achieving precise proportional current control.

[0045] Specifically, when the first battery cell 110 is powered on and emits light, and the second battery cell 120 receives the light signal and converts it into a second electrical signal, the second electrical signal will generate a current between the positive and negative terminals of the second battery cell 120. This current is applied between the base and emitter of the transistor. If this current reaches the transistor's conduction threshold, the transistor will switch from the off state to the on state, forming a low-resistance path between the collector and emitter, thereby turning on the power supply circuit of the load 400 and enabling the second power module 300 to supply power to the load 400. When the first battery cell 110 is powered off, the second battery cell 120 has no second electrical signal output, there is no driving voltage between the base and emitter, the transistor remains in the off state, the power supply circuit of the load 400 is disconnected, and the second power module 300 stops supplying power to the load 400.

[0046] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical isolation component provided by the present invention. See also... Figure 9 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the load 400 can also be connected between the second terminal of the switch module 130 and the negative terminal of the second power module 300. In this case, the power supply current of the second power module 300 first flows through the switch module 130 and then through the load 400 to form a complete power supply circuit.

[0047] Secondly, the present invention also provides a switching power supply, including the electrical isolation component 100 described in any embodiment of the present invention, and having corresponding beneficial effects.

[0048] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0049] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An electrical isolation component, characterized in that, include: A first battery cell and a second battery cell are arranged opposite to each other, with the light-receiving side of the second battery cell facing the light-emitting side of the first battery cell. The first battery cell is used to connect to a first power module and convert a first electrical signal output by the first power module into an optical signal. The second battery cell is used to receive the optical signal generated by the first battery cell and convert the optical signal into a second electrical signal. A switching module is provided, wherein the second battery cell is connected between the control terminal and the second terminal of the switching module, and the first terminal and the second terminal of the switching module are used to connect the second power module and the load; the switching module is used to control the second power module to supply power to the load when the second electrical signal is turned on.

2. The electrical isolation assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wavelength of light emitted by the first solar cell is within the wavelength range of the light signal received by the second solar cell.

3. The electrical isolation assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A transparent insulating structure is provided to maintain a preset distance between the first battery cell and the second battery cell, and to fix the first battery cell and the second battery cell.

4. The electrical isolation assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transparent insulating structure includes: A transparent insulating dielectric layer is disposed between the first battery cell and the second battery cell, and the transparent insulating dielectric layer is bonded to both the first battery cell and the second battery cell; The thickness of the transparent insulating dielectric layer is positively correlated with the isolation voltage of the transparent insulating dielectric layer.

5. The electrical isolation assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transparent insulating structure further includes: a closed outer shell, the closed outer shell forming a first cavity, the first battery cell and the second battery cell being disposed in the first cavity, and the first cavity being evacuated; The preset distance between the first and second battery cells is positively correlated with the isolation voltage of the transparent insulating structure.

6. The electrical isolation assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A current-limiting resistor is connected between the positive terminal of the first battery cell and the positive terminal of the first power module. The current-limiting resistor is used to limit the amount of current flowing into the first battery cell.

7. The electrical isolation assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A pull-down resistor, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the switch module, and the second end of which is connected to the switch module.

8. The electrical isolation assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total area of ​​the first battery cell is equal to the total area of ​​the second battery cell.

9. The electrical isolation assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes a field-effect transistor (FET), the gate of which is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell, the source of which is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell, and the drain of which is connected to the load. Alternatively, the switching module includes a transistor, the base of which is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell, the emitter of which is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell, and the collector of which is connected to the load.

10. A switching power supply, characterized in that, Includes the electrical isolation component as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images