Photovoltaic support structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic support structure and a construction method, the photovoltaic support structure can be applied to the photovoltaic field, and the photovoltaic support structure comprises a center pile and a plurality of outer side piles arranged around the center pile; all the outer side piles form a regular polygon distribution shape, and the center pile is arranged in the center of the regular polygon distribution shape formed by all the outer side piles. The middle piles are arranged on the connecting lines from the center pile to any outer side pile, and all the middle piles form a regular polygon distribution shape. The multiple middle piles forming the regular polygon distribution shape and the multiple outer side piles forming the regular polygon distribution shape are fixedly connected through a truss structure to form an integrated structure. The central pile is fixedly connected to any one of the middle piles through a string structure; the truss structure comprises truss purlines, and the string structure comprises string purlines; the truss purlins and the string purlins are used for installing photovoltaic panels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaics, and more specifically, to a photovoltaic support structure and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Offshore photovoltaics is an important component of my country's new energy system construction, and numerous coastal tidal flat photovoltaic power generation projects are currently underway. Compared to onshore photovoltaic power generation projects, coastal tidal flat photovoltaic projects face greater construction challenges due to the influence of soft foundations, tidal changes, and wind and wave loads. Among related technologies, tidal flat photovoltaic projects often employ schemes such as PHC prestressed concrete pipe piles + steel supports and PHC prestressed concrete pipe piles + longitudinal steel trusses. These structural schemes require a large number of PHC pipe piles, typically reaching tens of thousands, which brings difficulties to construction and also causes significant damage to the coastal ecological environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a photovoltaic support structure and construction method.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention disclose a photovoltaic support structure, including: a central pile and a plurality of outer piles arranged around the central pile; all the outer piles form a regular polygonal distribution shape, and the central pile is located at the center of the regular polygonal distribution shape formed by all the outer piles; Intermediate piles are provided along the line connecting the central pile to any outer pile, and all intermediate piles form a regular polygonal distribution shape. The multiple intermediate piles that form a regular polygonal distribution shape and the multiple outer piles that form a regular polygonal distribution shape are fixedly connected by a truss structure to form an integrated structure. The central pile is fixedly connected to any intermediate pile by a tensioned cable structure. The truss structure includes truss purlins, and the tensioned structure includes tensioned purlins; both the truss purlins and the tensioned purlins are used to install photovoltaic panels.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the truss structure includes a truss top chord, truss purlins, truss side web members, and truss bottom chord; the truss bottom chord is fixedly connected between the middle pile and the outer pile, and the truss top chord is disposed above the truss bottom chord; the truss top chord and the truss bottom chord are fixedly connected by truss side web members; the truss purlins are fixedly disposed on the surface of the truss top chord.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tensioned structure includes: an upper chord beam, vertical struts, a lower chord cable, and a wind-guiding cable; the upper chord beam is fixedly connected between the central pile and the intermediate pile; the lower chord cable is disposed below the upper chord beam and connected to both ends of the upper chord beam; both ends of the vertical strut are fixedly connected to the upper chord beam and the lower chord cable, respectively; tensioned purlins are fixedly disposed on the surface of the upper chord beam; and both ends of the wind-guiding cable are fixedly connected to the upper chord beam and the intermediate pile, respectively.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the two ends of the upper chord beam are respectively connected to the central pile and the intermediate pile through fixed hinged supports.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the central pile includes a central pile cap, a central pile body, and a central pile helical blade; the central pile cap is disposed at the top of the central pile body, and the central pile helical blade is disposed at the bottom of the central pile body.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate pile includes: an intermediate pile body and intermediate pile helical blades; the intermediate pile helical blades are disposed at the lower part of the intermediate pile body.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the outer pile includes: an outer pile body and an outer pile helical blade; the outer pile helical blade is disposed at the lower part of the outer pile body.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, both the lower chord and the wind-guiding cable are twisted prestressed steel cables.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, both the lower chord and the wind-catching cable are coated with polyethylene.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention disclose a photovoltaic support construction method, including: Based on the soil conditions in the coastal tidal flat area, determine the influence coefficients of the height of the shear cylinder soil and the influence coefficient of the lateral pressure. Based on the influence coefficient of the shear height of the cylindrical soil by the helical blade, the influence coefficient of the lateral pressure, and the pre-set pile construction requirements, the torque parameters required for pile construction are determined. Using amphibious pile drivers, in coastal mudflat areas where photovoltaic panels need to be installed, center piles, intermediate piles, and outer piles are laid out using static pressure rotation based on torque parameters. A prefabricated truss structure is installed between the middle pile and the outer pile; A prefabricated tensioned structure is installed between the central pile and the intermediate pile.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic support structure and construction method are disclosed. The photovoltaic support structure is stable and reliable. The tensioned beam structure located in the middle position experiences less wind load, which is conducive to maintaining structural stability. At the same time, the combination of truss and tensioned beam can further disperse structural stress and improve the overall wind resistance. The photovoltaic support structure and construction method disclosed in this invention significantly reduce the number of fixed piles, which can effectively reduce installation costs and improve project economy. Due to the small number of fixed piles used, it is very environmentally friendly to the tidal flats and is conducive to the sustainable development of coastal tidal flat areas. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 A first structural diagram of a photovoltaic support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically; Figure 2 A second structural diagram of a photovoltaic support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the central pile of a photovoltaic support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 The diagram illustrates a schematic representation of a photovoltaic support structure intermediate pile according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0017] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0018] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0019] In related technologies, tensioned beam structures resist bending moments through rigid upper chord members, bear axial tension through lower chord cables, and are connected by struts to form a self-balancing system. This allows for larger spans without intermediate supports, uses less steel than truss structures, and is lighter in weight. However, purely tensioned structures are prone to significant deformation and vibration when exposed to wind. In areas with frequent and intense winds, the application of purely tensioned structures is greatly limited.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a photovoltaic support structure includes: a central pile 1 and a plurality of outer piles 3 arranged around the central pile 1; all the outer piles 3 form a regular polygonal distribution shape, and the central pile 1 is located at the center of the regular polygonal distribution shape formed by all the outer piles 3. There are intermediate piles 2 on the line connecting the central pile 1 to any outer pile 3, and all the intermediate piles 2 form a regular polygonal distribution shape. Multiple intermediate piles 2 forming a regular polygonal distribution shape and multiple outer piles 3 forming a regular polygonal distribution shape are fixedly connected by a truss structure 4 to form an integrated structure. The central pile 1 and any intermediate pile 2 are all fixedly connected by a tensioned cable structure 5; The truss structure 4 includes truss purlins 42, and the tensioned structure includes tensioned purlins 51; both the truss purlins 42 and the tensioned purlins 51 are used to install photovoltaic panels 6.

[0021] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the truss structure 4 includes a truss upper chord 41, truss purlins 42, truss side web members 43, and truss lower chord 44; the truss lower chord 44 is fixedly connected between the intermediate pile 2 and the outer pile 3, and the truss upper chord 41 is located above the truss lower chord 44; the truss upper chord 41 and the truss lower chord 44 are fixedly connected by the truss side web members 43; the truss purlins 42 are fixedly installed on the surface of the truss upper chord 41.

[0022] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tensioned structure 5 includes: an upper chord beam 53, vertical struts 54, a lower chord cable 55, and a wind-guiding cable 56; the upper chord beam 53 is fixedly connected between the center pile 1 and the intermediate pile 2; the lower chord cable 55 is located below the upper chord beam 53 and connected to both ends of the upper chord beam 53; the two ends of the vertical struts 54 are fixedly connected to the upper chord beam 53 and the lower chord cable 55 respectively; the tensioned purlins 51 are fixedly installed on the surface of the upper chord beam 53; and the two ends of the wind-guiding cable 56 are fixedly connected to the upper chord beam 53 and the intermediate pile 2 respectively.

[0023] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the two ends of the upper chord beam 53 are respectively connected to the central pile 1 and the intermediate pile 2 through fixed hinged supports 52.

[0024] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the central pile 1 includes a central pile cap 11, a central pile body 12, and a central pile helical blade 13; the central pile cap 11 is located at the top of the central pile body 12, and the central pile helical blade 13 is located at the bottom of the central pile body 12.

[0025] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the intermediate pile 2 includes: an intermediate pile body 21 and an intermediate pile helical blade 22; the intermediate pile helical blade 22 is disposed at the lower part of the intermediate pile body 21.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the outer pile 3 includes: an outer pile body and an outer pile helical blade; the outer pile helical blade is disposed at the lower part of the outer pile body.

[0027] For example, the center pile 1, the intermediate pile 2 and the outer pile 3 are all steel spiral piles. The diameter and insertion depth are designed according to factors such as the upper load, the tidal flat foundation, wind force, and waves. For example, the diameter of the center pile 1 is generally 900mm-1200mm, the diameter of the intermediate pile 2 and the outer pile 3 is generally 600mm-800mm, the wall thickness is not less than 10mm, and the insertion depth into the soil is 10m-30m.

[0028] The side length of the truss structure and the span of the tensioned structure are determined comprehensively based on factors such as the project land area, power generation, and photovoltaic module size; for example, the side length of the truss structure can be set to 10m-30m, and the span of the tensioned structure can be set to 20m-40m.

[0029] For pile corrosion protection, thick-film wear-resistant epoxy coatings or epoxy glass flake coatings can be used, with an average coating thickness of not less than 400μm.

[0030] For the truss structure 4 and the tensioned structure 5, the corrosion protection is achieved by hot-dip galvanizing, with an average coating thickness of not less than 300μm.

[0031] The bolts of the connecting nodes are made of thermally diffused zinc with a zinc layer thickness of 40-50μm.

[0032] The steel grade of the solid body shall not be lower than Q235 steel, and the thickness shall not be less than 10mm.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, both the lower chord 55 and the wind-guiding cable 56 are twisted prestressed steel cables.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, both the lower chord 55 and the wind-catching cable 56 have a polyethylene coating.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic support structure construction method is characterized by comprising: using the above-described photovoltaic support structure, including: Based on the soil conditions in the coastal tidal flat area, determine the influence coefficients of the height of the shear cylinder soil and the influence coefficient of the lateral pressure. Based on the influence coefficient of the shear height of the cylindrical soil by the helical blade, the influence coefficient of the lateral pressure, and the pre-set pile construction requirements, the torque parameters required for pile construction are determined. For example, the process of determining the torque parameter is as follows: The ultimate tensile strength of a helical pile is expressed as: : ; The pull-out bearing capacity exerted by the j-th helical blade; The tensile bearing capacity exerted by the main body of the pile; This indicates the total number of helical blades.

[0036] The ultimate tensile strength of a spiral blade is expressed as: : ; Let be the diameter of the j-th helical blade; Let the burial depth be the j-th helical blade; Calculate the burial depth of the top surface of the shear-resistant body for the j-th spiral blade; Let be the average effective unit weight of the soil above the j-th spiral blade; Let be the average unit weight of the soil above the j-th spiral blade; The upper part of the j-th helical blade Soil cohesion within the range; The influence coefficient of the shear height of the spiral blade shear cylinder soil is shown in Table 1; The lateral pressure influence coefficient is shown in Table 2; Table 1 Influence coefficient of soil height on shear cylinder by spiral blade ; ; Table 2 Lateral Pressure Influence Coefficient ; ;

[0037] The tensile bearing capacity exerted by the pile body is expressed as : ; The diameter of the pile; This refers to the length of the pile within the foundation soil. It is the sum of the depth of the severe disturbance in the upper part and the thickness of the soil near the spiral blade as it moves with the blade; This refers to the sidewall frictional resistance during pull-out of the helical pile.

[0038] The torque parameters required for pile construction are expressed as follows: T : ; This is an empirical torque coefficient, typically ranging from 10 to 66 m. -1 For soft soil foundations, a depth of 10-30m can be taken. -1 .

[0039] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, using an amphibious pile driver, in the coastal mudflat area where photovoltaic panels 6 need to be installed, the center pile 1, the middle pile 2 and the outer pile 3 are laid out by static pressure rotation according to the torque parameters. A prefabricated truss structure 4 is installed between the middle pile 2 and the outer pile 3; A prefabricated tensioned structure 5 is installed between the central pile 1 and the intermediate pile 2.

[0040] For example, truss structure 4 is assembled in a dedicated assembly area on land.

[0041] Truss structure 4 is fabricated as a whole within 20m, and divided into two sections between 20m and 30m.

[0042] The assembly sequence is as follows: lower chord 44, side web members 43, and upper chord 41.

[0043] After assembly, the geometric dimensions of the truss are checked using a total station. The verticality at mid-span is ≤10mm, the diagonal difference is ≤8mm, and the center distance deviation of the supports is ≤±3mm.

[0044] After the dimensions are verified to be correct, the structure is transported to the dock by a self-propelled floating crane. Once the floating crane reaches the designated location, the structure is hoisted.

[0045] After the truss structure 4 is hoisted to the design elevation, its position is adjusted using traction ropes and connected with the already installed truss structure 4, with the error controlled within ±5mm.

[0046] The construction platform was erected using a combination of pontoons and scaffolding, and workers stood on top of the platform to install the supports and photovoltaic modules.

[0047] The tensioned structure 5 is also assembled in a dedicated onshore assembly area.

[0048] After the components arrive on site, they are assembled at the assembly area. A crane is used to lift the segmented components of the upper chord beam 53 onto the jig for assembly.

[0049] The elevation and axis of the segment points are monitored in real time using measuring instruments. The elevation deviation must be controlled within ±5mm and the axis deviation must be controlled within ±3mm to ensure assembly accuracy.

[0050] The upper end of the vertical strut 54 is connected to the ear plate of the upper chord beam 53 via a pin, and the lower end of the vertical strut 54 is connected to the lower chord cable 55 via a cable clamp. During installation, a level is used to measure the flatness of the top of the strut to ensure that the top elevation difference is ≤2mm.

[0051] After the steel structure is fully assembled and welded, the prestressing of the lower chord 55 will be carried out.

[0052] The lower chord 55 is tensioned at one end, and the preload value is obtained by cross-checking the model simulation calculation and the design. After the oil pump starts and the oil supply is normal, pressurization begins. The first stage tensioning is carried out to 70% of the tension value, the second stage tensioning is carried out to 100% of the tension value, and the third stage over-tensioning is carried out by about 5%, and then pressurization is stopped.

[0053] After tensioning is completed, the cable force deviation should be controlled within ±10%; after tensioning and forming, the allowable deviation of the tensioning deformation of the steel structure is the larger of ±20% of the calculated value and ±1 / 400 of the span.

[0054] After tensioning is completed, the tensioned structure 5 will be transported to the dock by a self-propelled floating crane. Once the floating crane reaches the designated position, the structure will be hoisted.

[0055] After the tensioned structure 5 is hoisted to the design elevation, the fixed hinge support 52 is welded.

[0056] Install the wind-guiding cable 56, and connect both ends of the wind-guiding cable 56 to the upper chord beam 53 and the intermediate pile 2 respectively using high-strength bolts.

[0057] The same method of using pontoons and scaffolding was used to build the construction platform, and the construction workers stood on the top of the platform to install the brackets and photovoltaic modules.

[0058] When equipment such as photovoltaic modules, truss structures 4, and tensioned structures 5 are transported to the operating sea area, they can be firmly fixed using diagonal bracing devices and base pins.

[0059] For the offshore hoisting of truss structure 4 and tensioned structure 5, it is necessary to ensure that the hull roll is ≤±3°, pitch is ≤±2°, and heave is ≤0.5m, and to ensure that the anchoring system and positioning of the crane vessel are safe and reliable. A trial hoisting must be carried out before the formal hoisting.

[0060] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0061] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, these embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic support structure, characterized in that, include: A central pile (1) and a plurality of outer piles (3) arranged around the central pile (1); all the outer piles (3) form a regular polygonal distribution shape, and the central pile (1) is located at the center of the regular polygonal distribution shape formed by all the outer piles (3); An intermediate pile (2) is provided on the line connecting the central pile (1) to any of the outer piles (3), and all the intermediate piles (2) form a regular polygonal distribution shape; The intermediate piles (2) forming a regular polygonal distribution shape and the outer piles (3) forming a regular polygonal distribution shape are fixedly connected by a truss structure (4) to form an integral structure; The central pile (1) and any of the intermediate piles (2) are fixedly connected by a tensioned cable structure (5); The truss structure (4) includes truss purlins (42), and the tensioned structure (5) includes tensioned purlins (51); both the truss purlins (42) and the tensioned purlins (51) are used to install photovoltaic panels (6).

2. The photovoltaic support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The truss structure (4) includes a truss upper chord (41), truss purlins (42), truss side web members (43), and truss lower chord (44); the truss lower chord (44) is fixedly connected between the intermediate pile (2) and the outer pile (3), and the truss upper chord (41) is located above the truss lower chord (44); the truss upper chord (41) and the truss lower chord (44) are fixedly connected by the truss side web members (43); the truss purlins (42) are fixedly arranged on the surface of the truss upper chord (41).

3. The photovoltaic support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tensioned structure (5) includes: an upper chord beam (53), a vertical strut (54), a lower chord cable (55), and a wind-guiding cable (56); the upper chord beam (53) is fixedly connected between the central pile (1) and the intermediate pile (2); the lower chord cable (55) is located below the upper chord beam (53) and connected to both ends of the upper chord beam (53); both ends of the vertical strut (54) are fixedly connected to the upper chord beam (53) and the lower chord cable (55), respectively; the tensioned purlin (51) is fixedly installed on the surface of the upper chord beam (53); both ends of the wind-guiding cable (56) are fixedly connected to the upper chord beam (53) and the intermediate pile (2), respectively.

4. The photovoltaic support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two ends of the upper chord beam (53) are respectively connected to the central pile (1) and the intermediate pile (2) through fixed hinged supports (52).

5. The photovoltaic support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central pile (1) includes a central pile cap (11), a central pile body (12), and a central pile helical blade (13); the central pile cap (11) is located on the top of the central pile body (12), and the central pile helical blade (13) is located on the lower part of the central pile body (12).

6. The photovoltaic support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate pile (2) includes: an intermediate pile body (21) and an intermediate pile helical blade (22); the intermediate pile helical blade (22) is disposed at the lower part of the intermediate pile body (21).

7. The photovoltaic support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer pile (3) includes: the outer pile body and the outer pile helical blade; the outer pile helical blade is disposed at the lower part of the outer pile body.

8. The photovoltaic support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the lower chord (55) and the wind-catching cable (56) are twisted prestressed steel cables.

9. The photovoltaic support structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both the lower chord (55) and the wind-catching cable (56) are coated with polyethylene.

10. A method for constructing a photovoltaic support system, characterized in that, include: Using the photovoltaic support structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, including: Based on the soil conditions in the coastal tidal flat area, determine the influence coefficients of the height of the shear cylinder soil and the influence coefficient of the lateral pressure. Based on the influence coefficient of the shearing height of the cylindrical soil by the helical blade, the influence coefficient of the lateral pressure, and the preset pile construction requirements, the torque parameters required for pile construction are determined. Using an amphibious pile driver, in the coastal mudflat area where photovoltaic panels (6) need to be installed, according to the torque parameters, the central pile (1), intermediate pile (2) and outer pile (3) are laid out by static pressure rotation. A prefabricated truss structure (4) is installed between the intermediate pile (2) and the outer pile (3). A prefabricated tension structure (5) is installed between the central pile (1) and the intermediate pile (2).

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