Separation device and method for torsion separation of double-glass photovoltaic module laminated part

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module recovery, in particular to a separation device and method for torsional separation of a double-glass photovoltaic module laminated piece, and the device comprises an outer shell with a cavity inside, and a fixed platform matched with the cavity is arranged in the cavity. The fixing platform divides the cavity into an upper cavity with the closed upper portion and a lower cavity with the lower portion, an upper discharging port and a lower discharging port are formed in the outer shell, the upper discharging port is communicated with the upper cavity, and the lower discharging port is communicated with the lower cavity. The torsion lifting mechanism drives the fixed platform to ascend in the heating process and reduce the space of the closed upper cavity, a middle adhesive film of the photovoltaic module laminated part is rapidly melted, the torsion lifting mechanism drives the fixed platform to rotate and descend in the separation process, the pressure in the upper cavity is reduced, the photovoltaic module laminated part is conveniently separated, and the separation efficiency is improved. And the glass is separated from the remaining photovoltaic module layer in the rotating process, so that a more potential way is provided for green recovery of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic recycling technology, and in particular to a separation device and method for twisting and separating laminates of double-glass photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] With the continued growth in global demand for clean energy, solar power, as one of the most widely used renewable energy sources, is becoming increasingly prevalent. However, after photovoltaic modules reach the end of their service life or fail, a large number of waste modules are generated. If they are not properly recycled and reused, they will directly become waste, exacerbating environmental and resource pressures.

[0003] Currently, the recycling of photovoltaic modules mainly relies on two types of methods: physical and chemical. Physical methods include crushing and thermal treatment: the former mechanically crushes the modules, while the latter uses high temperatures to decompose the encapsulant and organic materials. Although these two methods can recover some materials, they are difficult to achieve complete resource utilization. Chemical methods mainly include organic solvent dissolution and inorganic acid dissolution. These methods use organic solvents or strong acids to dissolve the corresponding materials in the modules, but they generate waste liquid during the process, requiring further disposal and increasing the complexity of environmental management.

[0004] In contrast, the torsion separation method used for double-glass photovoltaic modules can effectively peel off their laminated structure, improve material recycling efficiency, and avoid environmental pollution during the process, providing a more promising approach for the green recycling of photovoltaic modules. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that, in order to address the issues that existing photovoltaic modules use physical separation methods, which can only achieve partial material recovery and make it difficult to achieve complete resource utilization, and that chemical separation methods generate waste liquid during the process, requiring subsequent treatment, which increases both production costs and the complexity of environmental management, a separation device and method for twisting and separating the laminates of double-glass photovoltaic modules is provided.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a separation device for twisting and separating double-glass photovoltaic module laminates, comprising an outer shell with an internal cavity, a matching fixing platform disposed within the cavity, the fixing platform dividing the cavity into an upper cavity with a closed upper part and a lower cavity with a lower part, an upper discharge port and a lower discharge port disposed on the outer shell, the upper discharge port communicating with the upper cavity, the lower discharge port communicating with the lower cavity, a sealing plate being provided on the upper discharge port, and the fixing platform being disposed within the upper cavity for fixing the photovoltaic module laminate. The system includes a fixing mechanism, an adsorption mechanism for adsorbing glass from the photovoltaic module laminate within the upper cavity, a heating mechanism for heating the photovoltaic module laminate within the upper cavity, and a torsional lifting mechanism within the lower cavity. The torsional lifting mechanism controls the fixed platform to rise and reduce the space within the upper cavity during heating, thereby pressurizing the upper cavity; or controls the fixed platform to rotate and descend during separation, thereby increasing the space within the upper cavity, and cooperates with the adsorption mechanism to adsorb glass from the photovoltaic module laminate, thereby reducing pressure within the upper cavity and torsionally separating the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate. Compared to existing technologies, this solution uses a torsional lifting mechanism to drive the fixed platform to rise and reduce the enclosed upper cavity space during heating, thereby pressurizing the upper cavity. This, combined with the heating mechanism, quickly melts the interlayer film of the photovoltaic module laminate. During separation, the torsional lifting mechanism drives the fixed platform to rotate and descend, reducing the pressure within the upper cavity and facilitating the separation of the photovoltaic module laminate. The rotation process separates the glass from the remaining photovoltaic module layers, thus providing a more promising approach for the green recycling of photovoltaic modules.

[0007] To achieve the fixing mechanism, in some preferred embodiments, the fixing mechanism includes a plurality of tooling fixtures, which are arranged on a fixing platform and enclose a clamping area for holding the photovoltaic module laminate. By enclosing the clamping area for holding the photovoltaic module laminate with tooling fixtures, the fixing mechanism can quickly clamp and fix the photovoltaic module laminate, facilitating the twisting and separation of the glass on the clamped photovoltaic module laminate and improving the separation efficiency.

[0008] To better secure the photovoltaic module laminate, in some preferred embodiments, the securing mechanism further includes a first suction cup disposed in the clamping area, the first suction cup being connected to an external air source. By setting the first suction cup on the securing plate, the first suction cup adsorbs the photovoltaic module laminate, further securing the photovoltaic module laminate and ensuring stable and reliable separation between the photovoltaic module laminate and the glass.

[0009] To implement the adsorption mechanism, in some preferred embodiments, the adsorption mechanism includes a lifting rod, one end of which is fixed in the upper cavity, and the other end of which is provided with a second suction cup. The second suction cup is connected to an external air source, and the second suction cup and the fixed platform are arranged opposite to each other. The upper cavity is provided with a first driving mechanism for driving the lifting rod to extend or retract.

[0010] In some preferred embodiments, the heating mechanism is a heating wire.

[0011] To ensure that the internal heating does not result in localized overheating, in some preferred embodiments, a circulating fan is provided within the upper cavity. By providing a circulating fan within the upper cavity, the fan blows heat and circulates the heat throughout the upper cavity, ensuring uniform heating.

[0012] To realize the torsional lifting mechanism, in some preferred embodiments, the torsional lifting mechanism includes a drive motor and a first lifting mechanism. The first lifting mechanism is fixedly installed in the lower cavity, the motor is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the first lifting mechanism, and the fixed platform is installed on the rotating end of the motor.

[0013] A method for using a separation device for twisting and separating double-glass photovoltaic module laminates as described above includes the following steps: S1. The double-glass photovoltaic module laminate is fixedly installed on the fixed platform by the fixing mechanism, and the twisting lifting mechanism raises the fixed platform to the required position. S2. Start the heating mechanism, control the torsion lifting mechanism to rise slowly, reduce the enclosed space of the upper cavity, increase the internal pressure of the upper cavity, and accelerate the melting of the adhesive film in the middle of the workpiece. S3. After the temperature inside the upper cavity reaches the set temperature, pressurize for a period of time, and then control the adsorption mechanism to adsorb the upper glass of the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate. S4. In conjunction with the control of the torsional lifting mechanism to rotate, the interface between the glass and the encapsulant film of the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate is loosened. After the glass and the encapsulant film have been initially loosened, the torsional lifting mechanism adds a downward motion on the basis of rotation, increasing the closed space of the upper cavity and reducing the internal pressure of the upper cavity, which facilitates further separation of the glass. S5. After the glass is separated, open the sealing plate, take the separated glass out from the upper discharge port, and twist the lifting mechanism to lower it to the unloading station. The fixing mechanism loosens the remaining laminate and takes it out from the lower discharge port. S6. Repeat steps S1-S5 until the entire batch of double-glass photovoltaic module laminates are separated.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: When using the torsion separation device and method for double-glass photovoltaic module laminates, the torsion lifting mechanism drives the fixed platform to rise and shrink the enclosed upper cavity space during the heating process, thereby pressurizing the upper cavity. In conjunction with the heating mechanism, the interlayer film of the photovoltaic module laminate is quickly melted. During the separation process, the torsion lifting mechanism drives the fixed platform to rotate and descend, reducing the pressure in the upper cavity and facilitating the separation of the photovoltaic module laminate. During the rotation, the glass is separated from the remaining photovoltaic module layer, thus providing a more promising approach for the green recycling of photovoltaic modules. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view of AA; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 BB section view; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixed platform and the torsional lifting mechanism in this invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the adsorption mechanism in this invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Outer shell, 101. Cavity, 102. Upper cavity, 103. Lower cavity, 104. Upper discharge port, 105. Lower discharge port; 2. Fixed platform; 3. Sealing plate; 4. Fixture mechanism; 401. Tooling fixture; 402. First suction cup; 5. Adsorption mechanism, 501. Lifting rod, 502. Second suction cup, 503. First drive mechanism; 6. Heating mechanism, 601. Heating wire, 602. Circulating fan; 7. Torsional lifting mechanism; 701. First lifting mechanism; 702. Motor. Detailed Implementation

[0018] like Figure 1-6As shown, a separation device for twisting and separating double-glass photovoltaic module laminates includes an outer shell 1 with an internal cavity 101. A matching fixing platform 2 is provided inside the cavity 101, dividing the cavity 101 into an upper cavity 102 (closed at the top) and a lower cavity 103 (closed at the bottom). The outer shell 1 has an upper discharge port 104 and a lower discharge port 105. The upper discharge port 104 is located above the lower discharge port 105 and communicates with the upper cavity 102. The lower discharge port 105 communicates with the lower cavity 103. A sealing plate 3 is provided on the upper discharge port 104, and the sealing plate 3 is fixed to the outer shell 1 with screws. A fixing mechanism 4 is provided inside the upper cavity 102 on the fixing platform 2. The fixing mechanism 4 is used to fix the photovoltaic module laminate and prevent displacement. The upper cavity 102 is provided with... The adsorption mechanism 5 is used to adsorb the glass on the photovoltaic module laminate. The adsorption mechanism 5 is mainly used in the glass separation process of the photovoltaic module laminate. The upper cavity 102 is equipped with a heating mechanism 6, which is used to heat the photovoltaic module laminate. The heating mechanism 6 is mainly used to melt the interlayer film of the workpiece. The lower cavity 103 is equipped with a torsion lifting mechanism 7, which is used to control the fixed platform 2 to rise and reduce the space of the upper cavity 102 during the heating process, thereby pressurizing the upper cavity 102 and cooperating with the heating mechanism 6 to accelerate the melting of the interlayer film of the workpiece. Alternatively, during the separation process, the fixed platform 2 can be controlled to rotate and descend to increase the space of the upper cavity 102 and cooperate with the adsorption mechanism 5 to adsorb the glass on the photovoltaic module laminate, thereby reducing the pressure on the upper cavity 102 and torsionally separating the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate.

[0019] The fixing mechanism 4 includes several tooling fixtures 401 and a first suction cup 402. The several tooling fixtures 401 are set on the fixing platform 2 and enclose a clamping area for clamping photovoltaic module laminates. The first suction cup 402 is set in the clamping area and is connected to an external air source.

[0020] The adsorption mechanism 5 includes a lifting rod 501. One end of the lifting rod 501 is fixed in the upper cavity 102, and the other end of the lifting rod 501 is provided with a second suction cup 502. The second suction cup 502 is connected to an external air source. The second suction cup 502 and the fixed platform 2 are arranged opposite to each other. The upper cavity 102 is provided with a first driving mechanism 503 for driving the lifting rod 501 to extend or retract.

[0021] The heating mechanism 6 is a heating wire 601. The heating wire 601 is evenly distributed on the top of the upper cavity 102 in a meandering manner to ensure that the surface temperature of the workpiece is the same. A circulating fan 602 is installed in the upper cavity 102. The circulating fan 602 is located in the middle of the heating wire 601 to drive the hot airflow in the upper cavity to circulate and ensure uniform heating.

[0022] The torsional lifting mechanism 7 includes a drive motor 702 and a first lifting mechanism 701. The first lifting mechanism 701 is fixedly installed in the lower cavity 103, the motor 702 is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the first lifting mechanism 701, and the fixed platform 2 is installed on the rotating end of the motor 702. The first lifting mechanism 701 is a lifting platform.

[0023] A pressure sensor is installed in the upper cavity 102. Since the cavity 101 and the fixed platform 2 slide, there is a certain pressure relief. This ensures that there is a certain pressure in the upper cavity 102 during the heating process. In order to maintain a certain pressure, the torsion lifting mechanism 7 can be controlled to rise slowly to keep the pressure within a certain range.

[0024] Example 2 is an application of Example 1, specifically: a method for using a torsion separation device for double-glass photovoltaic module laminates as described above, comprising the following steps: S1. Remove the power cord, junction box and aluminum frame of the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate, place the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate in the clamping area on the fixed platform 2, fix it with the tooling fixture 401 and the first suction cup 402 to adsorb the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate, thereby fixing the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate on the fixed platform 2, and then control the torsion lifting mechanism 7 to lift the fixed platform 2 to the required position. S2. Start the electric heating wire 601 of the heating mechanism 6. After heating for a period of time, start the circulating heating fan to ensure uniform heating. Control the torsion lifting mechanism 7 to rise slowly, reduce the closed space of the upper cavity 102, increase the internal pressure of the upper cavity 102, and accelerate the melting of the adhesive film in the middle of the workpiece. S3. After the internal temperature of the upper cavity 102 reaches the set temperature and is pressurized for a period of time, the adsorption mechanism 5 is controlled to adsorb the upper glass of the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate. The air pump at the first drive mechanism 503 controls the lifting rod 501 to extend and drive the second suction cup 502 to descend. The second suction cup 502 contacts the glass and starts the external air source to adsorb the glass. Then the air pump at the first drive mechanism 503 is controlled to drive the lifting rod 501 to retract. S4. The motor 702 rotates slowly and reaches the fixed platform 2, which rotates slowly to initially loosen the interface between the glass and the encapsulant film of the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate. After completion, the first lifting mechanism 701 drives the motor 702 to descend, achieving a downward and twisting motion. Since the adsorption mechanism 5 rises slowly and cooperates with the control to twist lifting mechanism 7 to rotate and descend, the enclosed space of the upper cavity 102 is increased, the internal pressure of the upper cavity 102 is reduced, and the glass separation is facilitated. S5. After the glass is separated, open the sealing plate 3, take out the separated glass from the upper discharge port 104, and twist the lifting mechanism 7 to descend to the unloading station. The fixing mechanism 4 loosens the remaining laminate and takes it out from the lower discharge port 105. S6. Repeat steps S1-S5 until the entire batch of double-glass photovoltaic module laminates are completely peeled and separated from both sides.

[0025] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A separation device for twisting and separating double-glass photovoltaic module laminates, characterized in that: The device includes an outer shell (1) with an internal cavity (101). A matching fixing platform (2) is provided inside the cavity (101). The fixing platform (2) divides the cavity (101) into an upper cavity (102) and a lower cavity (103). The outer shell (1) is provided with an upper discharge port (104) and a lower discharge port (105). The upper discharge port (104) is connected to the upper cavity (102), and the lower discharge port (105) is connected to the lower cavity (103). A sealing plate (3) is provided on the upper discharge port (104). The fixing platform (2) is located inside the upper cavity (102) and is provided with a fixing mechanism (4) for fixing the photovoltaic module laminate. The upper cavity (102) is provided with an adsorption mechanism (5) for adsorbing the glass on the photovoltaic module laminate. The upper cavity (102) is provided with a heating mechanism (6) for heating the photovoltaic module laminate. The lower cavity (103) is provided with a torsion lifting mechanism (7). The torsion lifting mechanism (7) is used to control the fixed platform (2) to rise and reduce the space of the upper cavity (102) during the heating process, thereby pressurizing the upper cavity (102). Or, during the separation process, it controls the fixed platform (2) to rotate and descend and increase the space of the upper cavity (102). It also works with the adsorption mechanism (5) to adsorb the glass on the photovoltaic module laminate, thereby reducing the pressure on the upper cavity (102) and torsionally separating the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate.

2. The separation device for twisting and separating double-glass photovoltaic module laminates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (4) includes a plurality of tooling fixtures (401), which are arranged on the fixing platform (2) and enclose a clamping area for clamping photovoltaic module laminates.

3. The separation device for twisting and separating double-glass photovoltaic module laminates according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (4) also includes a first suction cup (402) disposed in the clamping area, the first suction cup (402) being connected to an external air source.

4. The separation device for twisting and separating double-glass photovoltaic module laminates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption mechanism (5) includes a lifting rod (501), one end of which is fixed in the upper cavity (102), and the other end of which is provided with a second suction cup (502). The second suction cup (502) is connected to an external air source. The second suction cup (502) and the fixed platform (2) are arranged opposite to each other. The upper cavity (102) is provided with a first driving mechanism (503) for driving the lifting rod (501) to extend or retract.

5. The separation device for twisting and separating double-glass photovoltaic module laminates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mechanism (6) is a heating wire (601).

6. A separation device for twisting and separating double-glass photovoltaic module laminates according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: A circulating fan (602) is provided inside the upper cavity (102).

7. The separation device for twisting and separating double-glass photovoltaic module laminates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torsion lifting mechanism (7) includes a drive motor (702) and a first lifting mechanism (701). The first lifting mechanism (701) is fixedly installed in the lower cavity (103). The motor (702) is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the first lifting mechanism (701). The fixed platform (2) is installed on the rotating end of the motor (702).

8. A method for using a separation device for twisting and separating double-glass photovoltaic module laminates as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The double-glass photovoltaic module laminate is fixedly installed on the fixed platform (2) by the fixing mechanism (4), and the lifting mechanism (7) is used to lift the fixed platform (2) to the required position. S2. Start the heating mechanism (6) to work, control the torsion lifting mechanism (7) to rise slowly, and reduce the closed space of the upper cavity (102) to increase the internal pressure of the upper cavity (102) and accelerate the melting of the adhesive film in the middle of the workpiece. S3. After the internal temperature of the upper cavity (102) reaches the set temperature, pressurize it for a period of time, and then control the adsorption mechanism (5) to adsorb the upper glass of the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate. S4. In conjunction with the control of the torsion lifting mechanism (7) to rotate, the interface between the glass and the film of the double-glass photovoltaic module laminate is loosened. After the glass and the film have been initially loosened, the torsion lifting mechanism (7) adds a downward motion on the basis of rotation, increases the closed space of the upper cavity (102), reduces the internal pressure of the upper cavity (102), and facilitates further separation of the glass. S5. After the glass is separated, open the sealing plate (3), take the separated glass out from the upper discharge port (104), and twist the lifting mechanism (7) to lower it to the unloading station. The fixing mechanism (4) loosens the remaining laminate and takes it out from the lower discharge port (105). S6. Repeat steps S1-S5 until the entire batch of double-glass photovoltaic module laminates are separated.

Images