Extrusion forming device for special-shaped thin-wall profile

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal profile extrusion forming, and particularly discloses an extrusion forming device for a special-shaped thin-wall profile, which comprises an extrusion die, a gap between a die core of an upper die and a hole of a lower die forms a forming gap, and the forming gap comprises a first forming part and a second forming part which are arranged along the X direction; the second forming part comprises a hollow section forming part and an L-shaped long arm forming part, and the L-shaped long arm forming part comprises a longitudinal forming section and a transverse forming section; the upper die comprises a first flow dividing hole, a second flow dividing hole and a third flow dividing hole, and the profile sectional area of each flow dividing hole at the feeding end is smaller than that of each flow dividing hole at the discharging end. The orthographic projection of the transverse forming section falls out of the orthographic projection range of the outline of the first flow dividing hole at the feeding end and within the orthographic projection range of the outline of the first flow dividing hole at the discharging end. The orthographic projection of the hollow-out section forming part is located in the area between the outlines of the second flow dividing hole and the third flow dividing hole at the discharging end, and the extrusion forming quality of the profile can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal profile extrusion molding technology, and more particularly to an extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, extrusion molding is a commonly used forming process for aluminum profiles, offering advantages such as high production efficiency and uniform mechanical properties of the profiles. However, for some irregularly shaped, thin-walled profiles, extrusion molding alone often cannot achieve high-quality forming.

[0003] For a type of aluminum profile component used in automobiles, see [link / reference]. Figure 1 As shown, the profile 6 includes a first portion 61 and a second portion 62 connected horizontally. The second portion 62 includes a hollow section 622 and an L-shaped long arm 621. Both the first portion 61 and the hollow section 622 are provided with a plurality of closed cavities 63 arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction. The longitudinal height of the first portion 61 is lower than the longitudinal height of the hollow section 622. The L-shaped long arm 621 is located on the side of the hollow section 622 near the first portion 61. The L-shaped long arm 621 includes a longitudinal section 6211 and a transverse section 6212. The two ends of the longitudinal section 6211 are respectively connected to the transverse section 6212 and the hollow section 622. This profile 6 is directly extruded using existing extrusion molds, resulting in a low yield rate. The reason for this is: On the one hand, since the L-shaped long arm 621 is relatively slender, the longitudinal section 6211 has a large extension dimension and a thin wall thickness, the L-shaped long arm 621 is prone to problems such as insufficient filling and turbulent metal flow during extrusion. This results in the extruded profile 6 having problems such as incomplete outline and deformation in the L-shaped long arm 621 part, especially the part of the L-shaped long arm 621 near the transverse section 6212.

[0004] On the other hand, since there is a sudden change in angle at the intersection of the L-shaped long arm 621 and the first section 61 and the hollow section 622 (at the root of the L-shaped long arm 621) of the profile 6, and the first section 61 and the hollow section 622 with different longitudinal heights on both sides, there are problems such as complex metal flow path and large flow velocity difference in this area during the extrusion process, resulting in risks such as insufficient strength and easy cracking at the intersection.

[0005] In the prior art, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the L-shaped long arm 621 part of the profile 6 is usually made into a closed frame. After being extruded by an extrusion die, one long side of the frame is removed by subsequent processes such as cutting and grinding to form the L-shaped long arm 621. The preparation process is complicated, and the cut is easy to damage the profile 6, resulting in problems such as cracks and reduced corrosion resistance at the cut. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles, addressing the limitations of existing technologies.

[0007] The extrusion molding apparatus of the present invention can effectively solve the molding defects caused by the slender L-shaped long arm structure and the abrupt change in the root angle in the prior art. It can effectively improve the extrusion molding quality and structural stability of this type of special structural profile while ensuring the service life of the extrusion die.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides an extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles, including an extrusion die. The extrusion die includes an upper die and a lower die arranged along the Z direction. The upper die includes a feeding end and a discharging end. The discharging end is provided with a die core. The lower die is provided with a die hole. The die core extends at least partially into the die hole, and the gap between the two forms a molding gap with a cross-sectional shape consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the profile. The molding gap includes a first molding part and a second molding part arranged along the X direction. The second molding part includes a hollow section molding part and an L-shaped long arm molding part arranged along the Y direction. The L-shaped long arm molding part includes a longitudinal molding section and a transverse molding section located at one end away from the hollow section molding part. The upper mold includes a plurality of diversion holes, the diversion holes including a second group of diversion holes disposed in the X direction on the side where the second forming part is located, the second group of diversion holes including a first diversion hole, a second diversion hole and a third diversion hole arranged in the Y direction, the profile cross-sectional area of ​​each of the second group of diversion holes at the feeding end is smaller than its profile cross-sectional area at the discharging end, in the Z direction, the orthographic projection of the transverse forming section falls outside the orthographic projection range of the profile of the first diversion hole at the feeding end and within the orthographic projection range of the profile of the first diversion hole at the discharging end; the orthographic projection of the hollow section forming part is located in the area between the profile of the second diversion hole and the third diversion hole at the discharging end.

[0009] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional areas of the first diversion orifice, the second diversion orifice, and the third diversion orifice at the feed end are respectively S. 11 S 12 and S 13 The cross-sectional areas of the first, second, and third diversion holes at the discharge end are S, respectively. 21 S 22 and S 23 ,in, S 11 >S 12 >S 13 S 23 >S 21 >S 22 S 23 -S 13>S 21 -S 11 > (S 22 -S 12 ) × 3.5.

[0010] In some embodiments, in the direction from the feed end to the discharge end, each of the diversion holes in the second set of diversion holes is inclined and expanded outward in a direction close to the outer edge of the upper die; and / or, The inner wall of each of the second set of flow-diverting holes is provided with an inner side wall and an outer side wall that are oppositely arranged along the direction near the outer edge of the upper mold. In the direction from the feed end to the discharge end, the angle between the outer side wall and the Z-direction is greater than the angle between the inner side wall and the Z-direction; and / or, The inner wall of each of the two diversion holes in the second group of diversion holes is provided with an inner side wall and an outer side wall that are arranged opposite to each other along the direction close to the outer edge of the upper mold. In the direction from the feed end to the discharge end, the angle between the outer side wall of the first diversion hole and the Z direction is greater than the angle between the outer side wall of the second diversion hole and the Z direction, and is also greater than the angle between the outer side wall of the third diversion hole and the Z direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, the lower mold includes a welding chamber, in which the shaped hole is formed, and a second forming part flow-blocking assembly is provided beside the shaped hole. The second forming part flow-blocking assembly includes an L-shaped flow-blocking block and a strip-shaped flow-blocking block. The L-shaped flow-blocking block includes a connected vertical section and a bent section. The vertical section is parallel to the longitudinal forming section and is located on the side of the longitudinal forming section facing away from the transverse forming section in an X-direction. The bent section is located beside the junction of the first forming part and the second forming part and is bent in a direction away from the transverse forming section. The strip-shaped flow-blocking block extends in the Y-direction and is located on the side of the longitudinal forming section facing the transverse forming section in an X-direction. The strip-shaped flow-blocking block is located between the transverse forming section and the hollowed-out section forming part. L2 < L0 < L1, and L2 - L0 < L1 - L0. In the formula, L0 is the relative distance from the transverse forming section to the bending section in the Y direction; L1 is the relative distance from the end of the vertical section away from the bending section to the bending section in the Y direction; and L2 is the relative distance from the end of the strip-shaped flow-blocking block away from the bending section to the bending section in the Y direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, in the X direction, the relative distance W1 between the vertical segment and the longitudinal forming segment is 0 < W1 ≤ 2 mm; In the X direction, the relative distance W2 between the strip-shaped flow-blocking block and the longitudinal forming section is 0 < W2 ≤ 2 mm.

[0013] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the end of the vertical segment away from the bending segment and the orthographic projection of the end of the strip-shaped flow block away from the bending segment are at least partially located outside the orthographic projection range of the profile of the first diverting hole at the feed end and within the orthographic projection range of its profile at the discharge end.

[0014] In some embodiments, the welding chamber is further provided with a flow-blocking platform, which is located beside the first forming part and on the side of the first forming part away from the L-shaped flow-blocking block in the Y direction, and the flow-blocking platform and the bending section are arranged in the same Y direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, the discharge end of the upper die is further provided with a submerged bridge, the submerged bridge including a first submerged bridge and a second submerged bridge, the first submerged bridge being disposed between the first diversion hole and the second diversion hole, and the second submerged bridge being disposed between the second diversion hole and the third diversion hole, wherein... The sinking depth of the first caisson is greater than the sinking depth of the second caisson; and / or, the ratio between the sinking depth of the first caisson and the sinking depth of the second caisson is 1:0.6~0.75.

[0016] In some embodiments, the mold core includes a plurality of first cavity forming portions and second cavity forming portions, wherein the gap between the first cavity forming portions and the mold hole forms the first forming portion, and the gap between the second cavity forming portions and the mold hole forms the hollow section forming portion; and / or The diversion holes include a first set of diversion holes disposed in the X direction on the side where the first forming part is located. The first set of diversion holes has a plurality of edge diversion holes and a plurality of intermediate diversion holes. In the X direction, the intermediate diversion holes are disposed between the edge diversion holes and the second set of diversion holes. The intermediate diversion holes include a first intermediate diversion hole. The first intermediate diversion hole is disposed adjacent to the first diversion hole and the second diversion hole. The outline of the first intermediate diversion hole at the feed end is a rectangular structure. The corner of the rectangular structure facing the first diversion hole is chamfered. The outline of the first diversion hole at the feed end is a triangular structure. The triangular structure includes a first side and a second side forming an angle. The angle formed between the first side and the second side protrudes towards the rectangular structure. The first side is disposed in the X direction. A straight line passing through the midpoint of the first side and parallel to the Y direction is used as a reference line. The L-shaped long arm forming part is located on the side of the reference line away from the first set of diversion holes.

[0017] In some embodiments, the extrusion die is further provided with a shaping mechanism on the side away from the upper die. The shaping mechanism includes a plurality of shaping units. Each shaping unit includes a shaping roller, a heating element for heating the shaping roller, and a driving mechanism for driving the shaping roller to move in a direction perpendicular to the Z-direction along a direction close to or away from the profile.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In this invention, the extrusion molding apparatus is improved to address the extrusion molding defects caused by the profile's slender, thin-walled L-shaped long arm and abrupt corner structure (second section). Specifically, in this invention, a second set of flow holes is provided in the upper die of the apparatus corresponding to the second forming section. After the metal flow is diverted through the second set of flow holes, it mainly flows to the second forming section after welding.

[0019] On one hand, the second set of flow-through holes consists of a first flow-through hole, a second flow-through hole, and a third flow-through hole arranged along the Y direction. The first flow-through hole improves the material supply to the end of the L-shaped long arm forming section near the transverse forming section and shortens the material supply path. Simultaneously, this invention sets the cross-sectional area of ​​each flow-through hole in the second set of flow-through holes at the feed end to be smaller than its cross-sectional area at the discharge end. Through the design of varying the cross-sectional area of ​​each flow-through hole, the material supply to various parts of the second section (especially the end of the L-shaped long arm forming section near the transverse forming section) is increased, while avoiding problems such as deformation and breakage of the extrusion die caused by an excessively large feed end opening.

[0020] On the other hand, in the Z-direction, the orthographic projection of the transverse forming section falls outside the orthographic projection range of the first diversion hole at the feed end, but within the orthographic projection range of the first diversion hole at the discharge end. Thus, after welding, the metal flow from the first diversion hole can be more directed to one end of the L-shaped long arm forming part near the transverse forming section, ensuring sufficient material supply in this area and avoiding profile defects caused by insufficient filling of the transverse section. At the same time, since the orthographic projection of the transverse forming section falls outside the orthographic projection range of the first diversion hole at the feed end, excessive metal pressure on the surface of this area during extrusion can be avoided, thereby reducing the impact on the weak parts of the extrusion die and preventing L-shaped long arm forming defects caused by extrusion die deformation.

[0021] Furthermore, by positioning the orthographic projection of the hollow section forming part within the area between the second and third diversion holes at the discharge end, the metal flow path in the area where the corner abrupt structure is located (the intersection between the root of the L-shaped long arm and the first section with different longitudinal heights and the hollow section) is optimized. Through the zonal control of the metal flow rate by the diversion holes, the flow velocity difference in this area is reduced, the forming quality of the profile in this area is improved, and the risks of weak strength and cracking at the junction of the root of the L-shaped long arm and other parts are avoided, thereby improving the overall structural stability and strength of the profile.

[0022] Therefore, by setting a second set of diversion holes with a specific structure at the position of the upper die corresponding to the second forming part, and by combining the arrangement of the diversion holes, the gradual change of cross-sectional area design, and the matching of the projection position of the diversion holes with the second forming part, the present invention optimizes the metal flow path and controls the material supply of different parts in a targeted manner. This effectively solves the forming defect problem caused by the slender structure of the L-shaped long arm and the sudden change of the root angle in the prior art. Thus, while ensuring the service life of the extrusion die, it can effectively improve the extrusion forming quality and structural stability of this type of special structural profile. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of existing irregular thin-walled profiles.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion die in the extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the molding gap according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion die according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial structural diagram.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the extrusion die according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shaping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a profile produced by the extrusion molding apparatus for a thin-walled profile according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a side view of the profile produced by the extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in further detail below.

[0033] See Figures 2 to 4 and Figure 6As shown, the present invention provides an extrusion molding apparatus for a non-standard thin-walled profile, including an extrusion die. The extrusion die includes an upper die 1 and a lower die 2 arranged along the Z direction. The upper die 1 includes a feeding end and a discharging end. The discharging end is provided with a die core 14. The lower die 2 is provided with a die hole. The die core 14 extends at least partially into the die hole, and the gap between the two forms a molding gap 3 with a cross-sectional shape consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the profile. The molding gap 3 includes a first molding part 31 and a second molding part 32 arranged along the X direction. The second molding part 32 includes a hollow section molding part 322 and an L-shaped long arm molding part 321 arranged along the Y direction. The L-shaped long arm molding part 321 includes a longitudinal molding part 3211 and a transverse molding part 3212 provided at one end away from the hollow section molding part 322. The upper mold 1 includes a plurality of diversion holes, including a second set of diversion holes 12 disposed in the X direction on the side where the second forming part 32 is located. The second set of diversion holes 12 includes a first diversion hole 121, a second diversion hole 122 and a third diversion hole 123 arranged in the Y direction. The profile cross-sectional area of ​​each diversion hole in the second set of diversion holes 12 at the feeding end is smaller than its profile cross-sectional area at the discharging end. In the Z direction, the orthographic projection of the transverse forming section 3212 falls outside the orthographic projection range of the profile of the first diversion hole 121 at the feeding end and within the orthographic projection range of its profile at the discharging end. The orthographic projection of the hollow section forming part 322 is located in the area between the profiles of the second diversion hole 122 and the third diversion hole 123 at the discharging end.

[0034] The outlines of the first diversion hole 121 at the feed end and the outlines of the first discharge end are denoted as the first feed end outline 121A and the first discharge end outline 121B; the outlines of the second diversion hole 122 at the feed end and the outlines of the discharge end are denoted as the second feed end outline 122A and the second discharge end outline 122B; and the outlines of the third diversion hole 123 at the feed end and the outlines of the discharge end are denoted as the third feed end outline 123A and the third discharge end outline 123B.

[0035] Understandably, during use, the metal flow is extruded through the first forming part 31 of the device to form the first part of the profile, and the metal flow is extruded through the second forming part 32 of the device to form the second part of the profile. Among them, the part extruded through the hollow section forming part 322 forms the hollow section, the part extruded through the L-shaped long arm forming part 321 forms the L-shaped long arm, the part extruded through the transverse forming part 3212 forms the transverse section, and the part extruded through the longitudinal forming part 3211 forms the longitudinal section.

[0036] In this invention, to address the extrusion molding defects caused by the profile's slender, thin-walled L-shaped long arm and abrupt corner structure (second section), the extrusion molding apparatus is improved. Specifically, in this invention, a second set of flow holes 12 is provided at the position of the upper die 1 corresponding to the second forming section 32. After the metal flow is diverted through the second set of flow holes 12, it mainly flows to the second forming section 32 after welding.

[0037] On one hand, the second set of flow-diverting holes 12 consists of a first flow-diverting hole 121, a second flow-diverting hole 122, and a third flow-diverting hole 123 arranged along the Y direction, which divides the metal flow at the corresponding position into three metal flows. The first flow-diverting hole 121 can improve the material supply to the end of the L-shaped long arm forming section 321 near the transverse forming section 3212 and shorten the material supply path. At the same time, the present invention sets the profile cross-sectional area of ​​each flow-diverting hole in the second set of flow-diverting holes 12 at the feed end to be smaller than its profile cross-sectional area at the discharge end. Through the design of the cross-sectional area variation of each flow-diverting hole, the material supply to each part of the second section (especially the end of the L-shaped long arm forming section 3211 near the transverse forming section 3212) is increased, while avoiding problems such as deformation and breakage of the extrusion die caused by an excessively large feed end opening.

[0038] On the other hand, in the Z-direction, the orthographic projection of the transverse forming section 3212 falls outside the orthographic projection range of the first diversion hole 121 at the feed end, but within the orthographic projection range of the first diversion hole 121 at the discharge end. Thus, after welding, the metal flow from the first diversion hole 121 can be more directed to the L-shaped long arm forming part 321 near one end of the transverse forming section 3212, ensuring sufficient material supply in this area and avoiding profile defects caused by insufficient filling of the transverse section. At the same time, since the orthographic projection of the transverse forming section 3212 falls outside the orthographic projection range of the first diversion hole 121 at the feed end, excessive metal pressure on the surface of this area during extrusion can be avoided, thereby reducing the impact on the weak parts of the extrusion die and preventing L-shaped long arm forming defects caused by extrusion die deformation.

[0039] Furthermore, by positioning the orthographic projection of the hollow section forming part 322 within the area between the second diversion hole 122 and the third diversion hole 123 at the discharge end, the metal flow path in the area where the corner abrupt structure is located (the intersection between the root of the L-shaped long arm and the first section with different longitudinal heights and the hollow section) is optimized. By controlling the metal flow rate in different zones through the diversion holes, the flow velocity difference in this area is reduced, the forming quality of the profile in this area is improved, and the risks of weak strength and cracking at the junction of the root of the L-shaped long arm and other parts are avoided, thereby improving the overall structural stability and strength of the profile.

[0040] Therefore, by setting a second group of diversion holes 12 with a specific structure at the position of the upper die 1 corresponding to the second forming part 32, and combining the arrangement of the diversion holes, the gradual change of cross-sectional area design, and the matching of the projection position of the diversion holes with the second forming part 32, the present invention optimizes the metal flow path and specifically controls the material supply of different parts, effectively solving the forming defect problem caused by the slender structure of the L-shaped long arm and the sudden change of the root angle in the prior art. Thus, while ensuring the service life of the extrusion die, it can effectively improve the extrusion forming quality and structural stability of this type of special structural profile.

[0041] Through testing, the profiles produced using the extrusion molding apparatus of this invention (see [reference]) Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown in the actual picture, the L-shaped long arm and the abrupt corner structure have no problems such as twisting, bending or deformation, or incomplete local molding. The molding quality is high, and the finished product yield of the profile can be improved by more than 8% (compared to the molding method based on the existing extrusion die). The finished product yield is high, the measured tensile strength is greater than 270MPa, the hardness is greater than or equal to 14HW, and the overall strength of the profile is high.

[0042] In some embodiments, see Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the cross-sectional areas of the first diversion hole 121, the second diversion hole 122, and the third diversion hole 123 at the feed end are respectively S 11 S 12 and S 13 The cross-sectional areas of the first diversion hole 121, the second diversion hole 122, and the third diversion hole 123 at the discharge end are respectively S 21 S 22 and S 23 ,in, S 11 >S 12 >S 13 S 23 >S 21 >S 22 S 23 -S 13 >S 21 -S 11 > (S 22 -S 12 ) × 3.5.

[0043] In this invention, through S 11 >S 12 >S 13The configuration effectively allocates the initial material supply, ensuring that the first diversion hole 121, corresponding to the end of the L-shaped long arm forming section 321 near the transverse forming section 3212, receives the maximum initial material supply, compensating for the pressure loss from long-distance flow. The second diversion hole 122 is next, catering to the needs of the near end (near the corner abrupt change structure) and middle of the longitudinal section, preventing excessive material supply in this area. The third diversion hole 123, being closer to the middle area of ​​the extrusion die, has a relatively short path, maximizing the cross-sectional area S at its feed end. 13 Set to minimum to prevent excessive initial material supply in this area from causing bending and deformation of the profile at the root corner and near the hollow section, and to coordinate with S 23 -S 13 >S 21 -S 11 > (S 22 -S 12 The setting of 3.5 controls the incremental cross-sectional area of ​​each diversion hole, regulates and shortens the flow rate and pressure differences caused by the initial material supply, path distance and flow resistance differences along the flow path, and prevents the profile from bending or twisting due to excessive flow rate and pressure differences in L-shaped long arms or abrupt corner structures, thereby further improving the molding quality.

[0044] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, in the direction from the feed end to the discharge end, each of the branch holes in the second group of branch holes 12 is inclined and expanded outward in the direction close to the outer edge of the upper mold 1.

[0045] While enhancing the material supply capacity to the second forming section 32 (corresponding to the L-shaped long arm and corner abrupt structure of the profile) and ensuring sufficient material supply to key areas, it can effectively control the opening size of the feed end, avoiding problems such as deformation and breakage of the extrusion die due to excessive opening size; at the same time, it can prevent the metal flow from turning sharply in the welding chamber, effectively shorten the lateral flow path of the metal flow from each diversion hole in the welding chamber, reduce metal flow turbulence, improve welding quality, and further improve forming quality.

[0046] In some embodiments, see Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the inner wall of each diversion hole in the second group of diversion holes 12 is provided with an inner side wall and an outer side wall that are arranged opposite to each other along the direction close to the outer edge of the upper mold 1. In the direction from the feed end to the discharge end, the angle between the outer side wall and the Z direction is greater than the angle between the inner side wall and the Z direction.

[0047] In this invention, the angle between the outer wall of each diversion hole and the Z-direction is greater than the angle between the inner wall and the Z-direction, which is more conducive to the overall inclined and outward expansion trend design of the diversion holes, giving the outer wall a stronger guiding effect and guiding the metal flow to the key area of ​​the second forming part 32 more efficiently. At the same time, the difference in the angle between the inner and outer walls can balance the metal pressure in different areas of the diversion holes, forming a synergistic effect with the inclined and outward expansion design of the diversion holes, and jointly optimizing the profile extrusion forming effect.

[0048] In some embodiments, see Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the inner walls of each diversion hole in the second group of diversion holes 12 are provided with opposing inner and outer side walls along the direction close to the outer edge of the upper mold 1. In the direction from the feed end to the discharge end, the angle between the outer side wall of the first diversion hole 121 and the Z direction is greater than the angle between the outer side wall of the second diversion hole 122 and the Z direction, and also greater than the angle between the outer side wall of the third diversion hole 123 and the Z direction. This ensures that the metal flow can be more efficiently guided to the area where the transverse forming section 3212 with the longest feeding path is located, realizing precise zonal control of metal flow to adapt to the feeding needs of different areas of the second forming section 32.

[0049] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 As shown in Figure 6, the lower mold 2 includes a welding chamber with a shaped hole. A second forming section flow-blocking assembly 4 is provided beside the shaped hole. The second forming section flow-blocking assembly 4 includes an L-shaped flow-blocking block 41 and a strip-shaped flow-blocking block 42. The L-shaped flow-blocking block 41 includes a connected vertical section 411 and a bent section 412. The vertical section 411 is parallel to the longitudinal forming section 3211 and is located on the side of the longitudinal forming section 3211 facing away from the transverse forming section 3212. The bent section 412 is located beside the junction of the first forming section 31 and the second forming section 32 and is bent away from the transverse forming section 3212. The strip-shaped flow-blocking block 42 extends along the Y-direction and is located on the side of the longitudinal forming section 3211 facing towards the transverse forming section 3212. The strip-shaped flow-blocking block 42 is located between the transverse forming section 3212 and the hollowed-out section forming section 322. L2 < L0 < L1, and L2 - L0 < L1 - L0. In the formula, L0 is the relative distance between the transverse forming section 3212 and the bending section 412 in the Y direction; L1 is the relative distance between the end of the vertical section 411 away from the bending section 412 in the Y direction and the bending section 412; L2 is the relative distance between the end of the strip-shaped flow blocking block 42 away from the bending section 412 in the Y direction and the bending section 412.

[0050] Through the cooperation between the vertical section 411 of the L-shaped flow blocking block 41 and the strip flow blocking block 42, more metal flow can be guided to the L-shaped long arm forming part 321 near one end of the horizontal forming part 3212. Through the bending section 412 of the L-shaped flow blocking block 41, the flow state of the metal flow at the intersection of the first forming part 31 and the L-shaped long arm forming part 321 is optimized, thereby further improving the forming quality of the corresponding area of ​​the profile.

[0051] In some embodiments, see Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in the Y direction, the relative distance between the strip-shaped flow blocking block 42 and the hollow section forming part 322 is greater than 0, and the relative distance between the strip-shaped flow blocking block 42 and the transverse forming part 3212 is greater than 0, so that the metal flow can be better guided to the transverse forming part 3212 and the hollow section forming part 322.

[0052] In some embodiments, see Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in the X direction, the relative distance W1 between the vertical segment 411 and the longitudinal forming segment 3211 is 0 < W1 ≤ 2 mm; In the X direction, the relative distance W2 between the strip-shaped flow-blocking block 42 and the longitudinal forming section 3211 is 0 < W2 ≤ 2 mm.

[0053] When W1 and W2 are too small (approaching 0), the channel between the vertical section 411 and the longitudinal forming section 3211 is too narrow, which may lead to insufficient metal supply in this area. When W1 and W2 are too large, the guiding effect of the L-shaped flow blocking block 41 and the strip flow blocking block 42 is poor.

[0054] For example, W1 and W2 can each be independently 0.1mm, 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm or 2mm, but are not limited thereto.

[0055] Preferably, 0.3mm≤W1≤1.5mm and 0.3mm≤W2≤1.5mm.

[0056] Wherein, the thickness H1 of the L-shaped flow blocking block 41 is less than the depth H of the welding chamber, and the thickness H2 of the strip-shaped flow blocking block 42 is less than the depth H of the welding chamber; preferably, the depth H of the welding chamber is 3 to 5 times the thickness H1 of the L-shaped flow blocking block 41; more preferably, the depth H of the welding chamber is 4 to 4.5 times the thickness H1 of the L-shaped flow blocking block 41.

[0057] The thickness H1 of the L-shaped flow barrier 41 and the thickness H2 of the strip flow barrier 42 should not be too thick relative to the depth H of the welding chamber, otherwise it will easily affect the welding and the filling effect of the metal in the corresponding area.

[0058] In some embodiments, see Figures 2 to 5As shown, the orthographic projection of the end of the vertical section 411 away from the bending section 412 and the orthographic projection of the end of the strip-shaped flow block 42 away from the bending section 412 are at least partially located outside the orthographic projection range of the profile of the first diversion hole 121 at the feed end, and within the orthographic projection range of its profile at the discharge end.

[0059] Thus, on the one hand, the end of the flow-blocking block is protected from excessive metal flow impact pressure, thereby reducing erosion and wear and protecting the structural integrity of the flow-blocking block; on the other hand, the end of the flow-blocking block falls within the orthographic projection range of the profile of the first diversion hole 121 at the discharge end. The two work together to effectively guide the metal flow out of the diversion hole to the target area.

[0060] In some embodiments, see Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the welding chamber is also provided with a flow-blocking platform 43. The flow-blocking platform 43 is located beside the first forming part 31 and is located on the side of the first forming part 31 that is Y-oriented away from the L-shaped flow-blocking block 41. The flow-blocking platform 43 and the bending section 412 are arranged in the same Y-direction.

[0061] The flow-blocking platform 43 and the bending section 412 are arranged in the same Y direction. Through the cooperation between the flow-blocking platform 43 and the bending section 412, the flow state of the metal flow at the intersection of the first forming part 31 and the L-shaped long arm forming part 321 is optimized, thereby further improving the forming quality of the corresponding area of ​​the profile.

[0062] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the discharge end of the upper mold 1 is also provided with a sinker bridge 13, which includes a first sinker bridge 131 and a second sinker bridge 132. The first sinker bridge 131 is located between the first diversion hole 121 and the second diversion hole 122, and the second sinker bridge 132 is located between the second diversion hole 122 and the third diversion hole 123. The sinking depth of the first sinking bridge 131 is greater than the sinking depth of the second sinking bridge 132; preferably, the ratio between the sinking depth of the first sinking bridge 131 and the sinking depth of the second sinking bridge 132 is 1:0.6~0.75.

[0063] By controlling the sinking depth of the first sinking bridge 131 to be greater than that of the second sinking bridge 132, the metal flow rate between each branch hole of the second group of flow holes 12 is further adjusted to balance the flow distribution in each region of the second forming part 32, so that the material supply in each region is coordinated with its forming requirements, and the forming quality is further effectively improved.

[0064] In some embodiments, the mold core 14 includes a plurality of first cavity forming portions and second cavity forming portions. The gap between the first cavity forming portion and the mold hole forms a first forming portion 31, and the gap between the second cavity forming portion and the mold hole forms a hollow section forming portion 322.

[0065] In some embodiments, see Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the flow diversion holes include a first set of flow diversion holes 11 disposed in the X direction on the side where the first forming part 31 is located. The first set of flow diversion holes 11 has a plurality of edge flow diversion holes 111 and a plurality of intermediate flow diversion holes 112. In the X direction, the intermediate flow diversion holes 112 are disposed between the edge flow diversion holes 111 and the second set of flow diversion holes 12. The intermediate flow diversion holes 112 include a first intermediate flow diversion hole 1121. The first intermediate flow diversion hole 1121 is disposed adjacent to the first flow diversion hole 121 and the second flow diversion hole 122. The outline of the first intermediate flow diversion hole 1121 at the feed end is rectangular. The rectangular structure has a chamfered corner facing the first diversion hole 121. The outline of the first diversion hole 121 at the feed end is a triangular structure. The triangular structure includes a first side 1212 and a second side 1211 forming an angle. The angle formed between the first side 1212 and the second side 1211 protrudes towards the rectangular structure. The first side 1212 is set along the X direction. The reference line is a straight line passing through the midpoint of the first side 1212 and parallel to the Y direction. The L-shaped long arm forming part 321 is located on the side of the reference line away from the first diversion hole 11.

[0066] By matching the shape of the first diversion hole 121 and the first intermediate diversion hole 1121, the metal flow is guided, improving the material supply conditions of the L-shaped long arm forming part 321 near the transverse forming section 3212; by setting the L-shaped long arm forming part 321 relative to the first diversion hole 121, while ensuring sufficient material supply in this area, direct metal impact on this area is avoided, reducing the impact load on the weak parts of the mold.

[0067] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 The extrusion die also includes a die pad (not shown) located on the side of the lower die 2 away from the upper die 1. The die pad has a relief hole for the profile to pass through. The outline shape of the relief hole is consistent with the outer outline shape of the profile, and the outline size of the through hole is larger than the outer outline of the profile. The die pad increases the support strength.

[0068] In some embodiments, see Figure 7 As shown, a shaping mechanism is also provided on the side of the extrusion die away from the upper die 1. The shaping mechanism includes several shaping units 5. The shaping unit 5 includes a shaping roller 51, a heating element for heating the shaping roller 51, and a driving mechanism 52 for driving the shaping roller 51 to move in a direction perpendicular to the Z direction along the direction close to or away from the profile.

[0069] When the profile is first extruded, it is still in a high-temperature state. At this time, the hardness is relatively low, and plastic deformation can be achieved with less force, resulting in a more thorough correction effect and less springback. In this invention, by setting a shaping mechanism at the extrusion outlet of the extrusion die, the shaping roller 51 is used to shape and correct the profile, further improving the forming quality of the profile. The shaping roller 51 is heated by a heating element so that the shaping roller 51 can maintain a temperature comparable to that of the profile, avoiding excessive temperature difference between the two. Contact between the high-temperature profile and the roller will cause rapid cooling, which can easily lead to problems such as cracking of the surface oxide film, formation of cold shut lines, and thermal stress marks.

[0070] Preferably, a set of shaping units 5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal section of the L-shaped long arm of the profile to correct the L-shaped long arm of the profile. In addition, shaping units 5 can also be arranged at other easily deformable positions of the profile.

[0071] For example, the drive mechanism 52 may be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0072] The shaping unit 5 may also include a guide rail 53 to make the reciprocating movement of the shaping roller 51 smoother.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles, comprising an extrusion die, characterized in that, The extrusion die includes an upper die and a lower die arranged along the Z direction. The upper die includes a feeding end and a discharging end. The discharging end is provided with a die core. The lower die is provided with a die hole. The die core extends at least partially into the die hole, and the gap between the two forms a forming gap with a cross-sectional shape consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the profile. The forming gap includes a first forming part and a second forming part arranged along the X direction. The second forming part includes a hollow section forming part and an L-shaped long arm forming part arranged along the Y direction. The L-shaped long arm forming part includes a longitudinal forming section and a transverse forming section located at one end away from the hollow section forming part. The upper mold includes a plurality of diversion holes, the diversion holes including a second group of diversion holes disposed in the X direction on the side where the second forming part is located, the second group of diversion holes including a first diversion hole, a second diversion hole and a third diversion hole arranged in the Y direction, the profile cross-sectional area of ​​each of the second group of diversion holes at the feeding end is smaller than its profile cross-sectional area at the discharging end, in the Z direction, the orthographic projection of the transverse forming section falls outside the orthographic projection range of the profile of the first diversion hole at the feeding end and within the orthographic projection range of the profile of the first diversion hole at the discharging end; the orthographic projection of the hollow section forming part is located in the area between the profile of the second diversion hole and the third diversion hole at the discharging end.

2. The extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional areas of the first diversion orifice, the second diversion orifice, and the third diversion orifice at the feed end are S, respectively. 11 S 12 and S 13 The cross-sectional areas of the first, second, and third diversion orifices at the discharge end are S, respectively. 21 S 22 and S 23 ,in, S 11 >S 12 >S 13 ,S 23 >S 21 >S 22 ,S 23 -S 13 >S 21 -S 11 >(S 22 -S 12 )×3.5。 3. The extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the direction from the feed end to the discharge end, each of the second set of diversion holes is inclined and expands outward in a direction close to the outer edge of the upper die; and / or, The inner wall of each of the second set of flow-diverting holes is provided with an inner side wall and an outer side wall that are oppositely arranged along the direction near the outer edge of the upper mold. In the direction from the feed end to the discharge end, the angle between the outer side wall and the Z-direction is greater than the angle between the inner side wall and the Z-direction; and / or, The inner wall of each of the two diversion holes in the second group of diversion holes is provided with an inner side wall and an outer side wall that are arranged opposite to each other along the direction close to the outer edge of the upper mold. In the direction from the feed end to the discharge end, the angle between the outer side wall of the first diversion hole and the Z direction is greater than the angle between the outer side wall of the second diversion hole and the Z direction, and is also greater than the angle between the outer side wall of the third diversion hole and the Z direction.

4. The extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower mold includes a welding chamber with the aforementioned opening. A second forming section flow-blocking assembly is located beside the opening. This assembly includes an L-shaped flow-blocking block and a strip-shaped flow-blocking block. The L-shaped flow-blocking block includes a connected vertical section and a bent section. The vertical section is parallel to the longitudinal forming section and is located on the X-axis of the longitudinal forming section, facing away from the transverse forming section. The bent section is located beside the junction of the first and second forming sections and bends away from the transverse forming section. The strip-shaped flow-blocking block extends along the Y-axis and is located on the X-axis of the longitudinal forming section, facing the transverse forming section. The strip-shaped flow-blocking block is located between the transverse forming section and the hollowed-out section forming section. L2 < L0 < L1, and L2 - L0 < L1 - L0. In the formula, L0 is the relative distance from the transverse forming section to the bending section in the Y direction; L1 is the relative distance from the end of the vertical section away from the bending section to the bending section in the Y direction; and L2 is the relative distance from the end of the strip-shaped flow-blocking block away from the bending section to the bending section in the Y direction.

5. The extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the X direction, the relative distance W1 between the vertical segment and the longitudinal forming segment is 0 < W1 ≤ 2 mm; In the X direction, the relative distance W2 between the strip-shaped flow-blocking block and the longitudinal forming section is 0 < W2 ≤ 2 mm.

6. The extrusion molding apparatus for a non-circular thin-walled profile according to claim 4, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the end of the vertical segment away from the bending segment and the orthographic projection of the end of the strip-shaped flow block away from the bending segment are at least partially located outside the orthographic projection range of the first diverting hole at the feed end and within the orthographic projection range of its profile at the discharge end.

7. The extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The welding chamber is also equipped with a flow-blocking platform, which is located beside the first forming part and on the side of the first forming part away from the L-shaped flow-blocking block in the Y direction. The flow-blocking platform and the bending section are arranged in the same Y direction.

8. The extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper mold's discharge end is also equipped with a submerged bridge, which includes a first submerged bridge and a second submerged bridge. The first submerged bridge is located between the first diversion hole and the second diversion hole, and the second submerged bridge is located between the second diversion hole and the third diversion hole. The sinking depth of the first caisson is greater than the sinking depth of the second caisson; and / or, the ratio between the sinking depth of the first caisson and the sinking depth of the second caisson is 1:0.6~0.

75.

9. The extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mold core includes a plurality of first cavity forming portions and second cavity forming portions. The gap between the first cavity forming portions and the mold hole forms the first forming portion, and the gap between the second cavity forming portions and the mold hole forms the hollow section forming portion; and / or The diversion holes include a first set of diversion holes disposed in the X direction on the side where the first forming part is located. The first set of diversion holes has a plurality of edge diversion holes and a plurality of intermediate diversion holes. In the X direction, the intermediate diversion holes are disposed between the edge diversion holes and the second set of diversion holes. The intermediate diversion holes include a first intermediate diversion hole. The first intermediate diversion hole is disposed adjacent to the first diversion hole and the second diversion hole. The outline of the first intermediate diversion hole at the feed end is a rectangular structure. The corner of the rectangular structure facing the first diversion hole is chamfered. The outline of the first diversion hole at the feed end is a triangular structure. The triangular structure includes a first side and a second side forming an angle. The angle formed between the first side and the second side protrudes towards the rectangular structure. The first side is disposed in the X direction. A straight line passing through the midpoint of the first side and parallel to the Y direction is used as a reference line. The L-shaped long arm forming part is located on the side of the reference line away from the first set of diversion holes.

10. The extrusion molding apparatus for irregularly shaped thin-walled profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion die is further provided with a shaping mechanism on the side away from the upper die. The shaping mechanism includes several shaping units. Each shaping unit includes a shaping roller, a heating element for heating the shaping roller, and a driving mechanism for driving the shaping roller to move in a direction perpendicular to the Z-direction along a direction close to or away from the profile.

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